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Article: Tobacco and alcohol use among adolescents in Northern India.

Lakhute, Sadhana V / Rathod, Hetal / Ray, Suman / Lijhara, Tanvi / Agarwal, Kshitij Anand / Srivastava, Kajal

2023 Volume 32, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) S64–S67

Abstract: Background: Alcohol and cigarette usage are major public health issues that particularly affect young people worldwide. Because most users begin using these drugs well before the age of 18, there are significant psychosocial and health consequences. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Alcohol and cigarette usage are major public health issues that particularly affect young people worldwide. Because most users begin using these drugs well before the age of 18, there are significant psychosocial and health consequences. This study seeks to identify the incidence of underage drinking and smoking in northern India and the multiple risk factors associated with this exposure. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents (13-18 years) from Northern India, to assess their knowledge, attitude, and practice of usage of alcohol and tobacco. The study was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire for interview purposes and analyzed via Epi Info version 7. Results: The mean age of the participants was 16.15 (1.34) years, of which 65.74% are males and 34.26% are females. 18.25% of students stay in a hostel. Of 108 participants, about 24.07% of students have tried their first cigarette before 18 years of age. 28.70% of students have people in their homes, and 41.67% have friends who use tobacco. Among the 108 respondents, 26.85% of students have tried or used alcohol before 18 years of age. Conclusion: It is crucial to create preventive techniques to lessen tobacco use in light of the significant negative health effects that come along with tobacco addiction. Spreading awareness among at-risk children and adolescents by limiting advertising and promotional efforts, early user detection and treatment are all examples of preventive techniques.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-30
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2580355-4
ISSN	0976-2795 ; 0972-6748
ISSN (online)	0976-2795
ISSN	0972-6748
DOI	10.4103/ipj.ipj_200_23
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Predicted Threshold for Seated Stability: Estimation of Margin of Stability Using Wearable Inertial Sensors.

Noamani, Alireza / Agarwal, Kshitij / Vette, Albert / Rouhani, Hossein

IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics

2021 Volume 25, Issue 9, Page(s) 3361–3372

Abstract: Individuals with spinal cord injury suffer from seated instability due to impaired trunk neuromuscular function. Monitoring seated stability toward the development of closed-loop controlled neuroprosthetic technologies could be beneficial for restoring ... ...

Abstract	Individuals with spinal cord injury suffer from seated instability due to impaired trunk neuromuscular function. Monitoring seated stability toward the development of closed-loop controlled neuroprosthetic technologies could be beneficial for restoring trunk stability during sitting in affected individuals. However, there is a lack of (1) a biomechanical characterization to quantify the relationship between the trunk kinematics and sitting balance; and (2) a validated wearable biomedical device for assessing dynamic sitting posture and fall-risk in real-time. This study aims to: (a) determine the limit of dynamic seated stability as a function of the trunk center of mass (COM) position and velocity relative to the base of support; (b) experimentally validate the predicted limit of stability using traditional motion capture; (c) compare the predicted limit of stability with that predicted in the literature for standing and walking; and (d) validate a wearable device for assessing dynamic seated stability and risk of loss of balance. First, we used a six-segment model of the seated human body for simulation. To obtain the limit of stability, we applied forward dynamics and optimization to obtain the maximum feasible initial velocities of the trunk COM that would bring the trunk COM position to the front-end of the base-of-support for a set of initial COM positions. Second, experimental data were obtained from fifteen able-bodied individuals who maintained sitting balance while base-of-support perturbations were applied with three different amplitudes. A motion capture system and four inertial measurement units (IMUs) were used to estimate the trunk COM motion states (i.e., trunk COM position and velocity). The margin of stability was calculated as the shortest distance of the instantaneous COM motion states to those obtained as the limit of stability in the state-space plane. All experimentally obtained trunk COM motion states fell within the limit of stability. A high correlation and small root-mean-square difference were observed between the estimated trunk COM states obtained by the motion capture system and IMUs. IMU-based wearable technology, along with the predicted limit of dynamic seated stability, can estimate the margin of stability during perturbed sitting. Therefore, it has the potential to monitor the seated stability of wheelchair users affected by trunk instability.
MeSH term(s)	Biomechanical Phenomena ; Humans ; Postural Balance ; Sitting Position ; Torso ; Wearable Electronic Devices
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2695320-1
ISSN	2168-2208 ; 2168-2194
ISSN (online)	2168-2208
ISSN	2168-2194
DOI	10.1109/JBHI.2021.3073352
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Article ; Online: Muscle fatigue detection using near-infrared spectroscopy and electromyography

Badoni Abhinav / Agarwal Kshitij / Pinkoski Adam / Samant Rahul / DeLorey Darren / Vette Albert

Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering, Vol 8, Iss 2, Pp 201-

2022 Volume 204

Abstract: Introduction: Muscle fatigue is often experienced by athletes and in work settings. Excessive fatigue can lead to injury and musculoskeletal disorders. Surface electromyography (EMG) is typically used to detect and ultimately prevent fatigue during ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Muscle fatigue is often experienced by athletes and in work settings. Excessive fatigue can lead to injury and musculoskeletal disorders. Surface electromyography (EMG) is typically used to detect and ultimately prevent fatigue during isometric movement. The application of EMG to fatigue detection in dynamic movement requires, however, a secondary confirmation of fatigue based on physiological measures. Our objective was to determine if muscle oxygenation derived via near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was correlated with relevant EMG indicators of neuromuscular fatigue and whether observed correlations were related to the fatigue process. Methods: Bilateral electromyograms from three upper leg muscles and the tissue oxygenation index (TOI) of the vastus lateralis muscle were recorded in sixteen non-disabled individuals during cycle ergometry to volitional exhaustion. Six EMG activity features were extracted and the Pearson correlation coefficient between each feature and TOI was determined. Results: The EMG root mean square, spectral standard deviation, second spectral moment, and zero-crossing rate (ZC) were strongly correlated with TOI. The time course of ZC and the correlation of this feature with TOI suggest that there could be a relation between muscle oxygenation and fatigue. Conclusion: Future work should use the knowledge gained in this study to investigate whether NIRS can be used to verify the onset of fatigue as detected by EMG.
Keywords	muscle fatigue ; near-infrared spectroscopy ; electromyography ; pearson correlation ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	669
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	De Gruyter
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Filamentous Fungi in Respiratory Infections. What Lies Beyond Aspergillosis and Mucormycosis?

Chowdhary, Anuradha / Agarwal, Kshitij / Meis, Jacques F

PLoS pathogens

2016 Volume 12, Issue 4, Page(s) e1005491

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mycoses/microbiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2205412-1
ISSN	1553-7374 ; 1553-7366
ISSN (online)	1553-7374
ISSN	1553-7366
DOI	10.1371/journal.ppat.1005491
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Article: Health Issues among Radiologists: Toll they Pay to their Profession.

Atwal, Swapndeep Singh / Prasad, Akhila / Deepak, Desh / Agarwal, Kshitij

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR

2017 Volume 11, Issue 4, Page(s) TM01–TM02

Abstract: In modern era, with tremendous competition, long working hours and more demanding workstyle, nearly every profession is associated with some or the other health hazards. These may develop and progress rapidly or in a gradual way but ultimately add up ... ...

Abstract	In modern era, with tremendous competition, long working hours and more demanding workstyle, nearly every profession is associated with some or the other health hazards. These may develop and progress rapidly or in a gradual way but ultimately add up unwanted morbidities and in long run affects the production and work output. Unfortunately, doctors and other health professionals who look after the health of society, are not the exceptions to this rule and depending upon their specialty, they have to face some or the other health issues. This article highlights some important though underestimated health issues among radiologists and some remedies. It aims to sensitize radiologists about such health issues so that they can take timely remedial measures before it is really late.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-04-01
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2775283-5
ISSN	0973-709X ; 2249-782X
ISSN (online)	0973-709X
ISSN	2249-782X
DOI	10.7860/JCDR/2017/17023.9537
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Article: Recognition of Small Airways Obstruction in Asthma and COPD - The Road Less Travelled.

Deepak, Desh / Prasad, Akhila / Atwal, Swapndeep Singh / Agarwal, Kshitij

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR

2017 Volume 11, Issue 3, Page(s) TE01–TE05

Abstract: The small airways, once regarded as the silent zone in the air conducting system of the lungs are now known to be one of the initial sites of involvement in diseases like asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Identification of the ... ...

Abstract	The small airways, once regarded as the silent zone in the air conducting system of the lungs are now known to be one of the initial sites of involvement in diseases like asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Identification of the involvement of distal airways in these diseases is often difficult to assess, clinically as well as by conventional pulmonary function tests and therefore, usually remains undiscovered in early stages. Early recognition of their involvement in asthma and COPD and timely management may reduce long term morbidity in these conditions. This article aims to highlight the relatively lesser recognized facts about small airways involvement in asthma and COPD and role of imaging and newer modalities for detection.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-03-01
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2775283-5
ISSN	0973-709X ; 2249-782X
ISSN (online)	0973-709X
ISSN	2249-782X
DOI	10.7860/JCDR/2017/19920.9478
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Article ; Online: IN VITRO ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF FICUS BENGHALENSIS BARK

Matpal Mahesh / Agarwal Kshitij / Saini Prem

International Research Journal of Pharmacy, Vol 4, Iss 7, Pp 107-

2013 Volume 108

Abstract: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory property of the different extract of bark of Ficus benghalensis, family Moraceae is a very large, fast growing, evergreen tree up to 30 meters, with spreading branches and many aerial roots. Leaves stalked, ovate-cordate, ...

Abstract	To evaluate the anti-inflammatory property of the different extract of bark of Ficus benghalensis, family Moraceae is a very large, fast growing, evergreen tree up to 30 meters, with spreading branches and many aerial roots. Leaves stalked, ovate-cordate, 3-nerved, entire, when young downy on both sides; petiole with a broad smooth greasy gland at the apex, compressed, downy; Fruit in axillary pairs, the size of a cherry, round and downy. According to Ayurveda, it is astringent to bowels; useful in treatment of biliousness, ulcers, erysipelas, vomiting, vaginal complains, fever, inflammations, leprosy. According to Unani system of medicine, its latex is aphrodisiac, tonic, vulernary, maturant, lessens inflammations; useful in piles etc. The present study aimed at the evaluation of anti-inflammatory property of the aqueous, chloroform and alcoholic extracts of the bark by in vitro methods. In vitro method was estimated by human red blood cell membrane stabilization (HRBC) method. Results showed significant anti-inflammatory property of the different extracts tested. The methanolic extract at a concentration of 200 mg/ml. showed potent activity on comparing with the standard drug diclofenac sodium.
Keywords	Ficus benghalensis ; HRBC ; Inflammation and dicloenac. ; Pharmacy and materia medica ; RS1-441 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Pharmacy and materia medica ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	International Research Journal of Pharmacy
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Constraining neutron-star matter with microscopic and macroscopic collisions.

Huth, Sabrina / Pang, Peter T H / Tews, Ingo / Dietrich, Tim / Le Fèvre, Arnaud / Schwenk, Achim / Trautmann, Wolfgang / Agarwal, Kshitij / Bulla, Mattia / Coughlin, Michael W / Van Den Broeck, Chris

Nature

2022 Volume 606, Issue 7913, Page(s) 276–280

Abstract: Interpreting high-energy, astrophysical phenomena, such as supernova explosions or neutron-star collisions, requires a robust understanding of matter at supranuclear densities. However, our knowledge about dense matter explored in the cores of neutron ... ...

Abstract	Interpreting high-energy, astrophysical phenomena, such as supernova explosions or neutron-star collisions, requires a robust understanding of matter at supranuclear densities. However, our knowledge about dense matter explored in the cores of neutron stars remains limited. Fortunately, dense matter is not probed only in astrophysical observations, but also in terrestrial heavy-ion collision experiments. Here we use Bayesian inference to combine data from astrophysical multi-messenger observations of neutron stars
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/s41586-022-04750-w
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Zs.A 26: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: The role of fungal sensitisation in clinical presentation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Agarwal, Kshitij / Gaur, Shailendra Nath / Chowdhary, Anuradha

Mycoses

2015 Volume 58, Issue 9, Page(s) 531–535

Abstract: Atopic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) demonstrate more severe symptoms than their non-atopic counterparts. Also, Aspergillus hypersensitivity is known in COPD. However, allergic sensitisation to non-Aspergillus fungi has never ...

Abstract	Atopic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) demonstrate more severe symptoms than their non-atopic counterparts. Also, Aspergillus hypersensitivity is known in COPD. However, allergic sensitisation to non-Aspergillus fungi has never been studied in COPD patients. To evaluate the prevalence of fungal sensitisation and its impact on the clinical presentation and outcome of COPD patients. Sensitisation to 17 fungi was studied in 55 COPD patients through skin prick tests, fungus-specific IgE, precipitating antibodies, total IgE and eosinophil counts. The clinical symptoms of patients were monitored thorough a patient-administered questionnaire. Overall, 5.4% (n = 3) of COPD patients were fungus sensitive. The sensitisation was noted to Alternaria alternata and Schizophyllum commune in two patients each, whereas another was sensitive to A. tamarii, Rhizopus spp. and Aspergillus fumigatus. Eosinophils were higher in fungus-sensitised patients (P = 0.001 vs. 0.003). No differences were noted in the clinical presentation of patients sensitised to fungi compared to those not sensitised to fungi or non-atopic. Although low, fungal sensitisation occurs in COPD but it is not limited to Aspergilli alone. Fungus-sensitised patients exhibit greater eosinophilia, implying more severe inflammation. Thus, such patients should be followed up regularly to recognise clinical worsening or development of ABPM.
MeSH term(s)	Allergens/immunology ; Alternaria/immunology ; Aspergillus fumigatus/immunology ; Aspergillus fumigatus/pathogenicity ; Eosinophils/immunology ; Female ; Fungi/immunology ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoglobulin E/immunology ; Male ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/immunology ; Pulmonary Eosinophilia/immunology ; Pulmonary Eosinophilia/microbiology ; Rhizopus/immunology ; Schizophyllum/immunology ; Skin Tests
Chemical Substances	Allergens ; Immunoglobulin E (37341-29-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-09
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392487-7
ISSN	1439-0507 ; 0933-7407
ISSN (online)	1439-0507
ISSN	0933-7407
DOI	10.1111/myc.12352
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Article ; Online: PREPARATION AND STANDARDIZATION OF MADURISHT

Rani Shama / Agarwal Kshitij / Nanda Deepak / Saini Prem

International Research Journal of Pharmacy, Vol 3, Iss 5, Pp 473-

POLYHERBAL FORMULATION

2012 Volume 474

Abstract: Pharmaceutical ayurvedic research is aimed at meeting the medical needs of the population for whom appropriate therapeutic remedies are not available or at those that are available are but not effective for various disorders. While meeting medical needs ... ...

Abstract	Pharmaceutical ayurvedic research is aimed at meeting the medical needs of the population for whom appropriate therapeutic remedies are not available or at those that are available are but not effective for various disorders. While meeting medical needs of a polyherbal formulation set some parameters to ensure that the formulation shows desired pharmacological action against various diseases. The selection of an appropriate drug should take into account apart from medical needs and innovative potential for success. The standardization of crude drug materials includes authentication, organoleptic evaluation, ash values, extractive values, moisture content determination and Carr’s index etc. These parameters are required for authentication of any herbal drug and its formulation.
Keywords	Standardization ; Extractive value ; Carr’s index ; Poly herbal ; Polyherbal formulation. ; Pharmacy and materia medica ; RS1-441 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Pharmacy and materia medica ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	International Research Journal of Pharmacy
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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