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  1. Article ; Online: Current surge of COVID-19 infection in China and its impact on India.

    Gupta, Ekta / Samal, Jasmine / Gautam, Pramod / Agarwal, Reshu

    Indian journal of medical microbiology

    2023  Volume 42, Page(s) 46–48

    Abstract: Background: COVID-19, the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2, is a global health calamity and one of the greatest challenges faced by the humankind across the globe. The virus originated in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly to more than 200 countries/ ... ...

    Abstract Background: COVID-19, the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2, is a global health calamity and one of the greatest challenges faced by the humankind across the globe. The virus originated in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly to more than 200 countries/nations, affected more than 600 billion individuals and caused around 65 lakh deaths worldwide. Since the start of the pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 mutates and accumulates genetic variations which constantly resulted in the emergence of new variants.
    Objective: The current article discusses about the new omicron sub variant BF.7, and how this BF.7 variant may pose risk in India, if it overrides the current COVID-19 circulating variants.
    Content: The emergence and potential consequences of the circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants usually augment virus transmissibility and host immune evasion. The current spurt in COVID-19 infections in China which has alarmed people around the world, is believed to be driven by an omicron sub variant BF.7. Although India has been reporting a "steady decline" in COVID-19 cases, we need constant surveillance to keep a track of the new emerging variants in circulation. Keeping in mind, the new surge in COVID-19 cases across many nations, we discuss about the new variant and its possible impact on India.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; China/epidemiology ; India/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1038798-5
    ISSN 1998-3646 ; 0255-0857
    ISSN (online) 1998-3646
    ISSN 0255-0857
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2023.01.010
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  2. Article ; Online: Role of cytomegalovirus specific cell-mediated immunity in the monitoring of cytomegalovirus infection among living donor liver transplantation adult recipients: A single-center experience.

    Bhugra, Arjun / Khodare, Arvind / Agarwal, Reshu / Pamecha, Viniyendra / Gupta, Ekta

    Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society

    2023  Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) e14011

    Abstract: Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common post-transplant viral infections causing significant morbidity and occasional mortality. Limited literature on the potential role of pre-transplant CMV-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMV-CMI) ...

    Abstract Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common post-transplant viral infections causing significant morbidity and occasional mortality. Limited literature on the potential role of pre-transplant CMV-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMV-CMI) is available. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of pre-transplant CMV-CMI monitoring in the occurrence of post-transplant CMV infection.
    Methods: This was a prospective, observational study where all adult CMV seropositive patients undergoing living donor liver transplantation at a tertiary care institute were enrolled. CMV-CMI was measured using QuantiFERON-CMV (Qiagen GmbH, Hilden, Germany) and interpreted as positive if the value was ≥0.2 IU/ml, 1-2 days prior to the transplant. Based on pre-transplant CMV-CMI, cases were classified into Group 1 (n = 13, 43.3%) (positive) and Group 2 (n = 17, 56.7%) (negative). CMV infection was defined as the detection of CMV-DNA > 2.7 log
    Results: The mean age was 43 years with male (n = 29, 96.9%) predominance. Overall 40% of recipients developed post-transplant CMV infection, two (15.4%) in group 1 and 10 (58.8%) in group 2 (p-value = 0.016). Recipients in group 2 had 87% higher odds (odds ratio 0.13, confidence interval [CI] 95) of developing post-transplant CMV infection compared to group 1. The overall median duration of occurrence of post-transplant CMV infection was 26 days with the median viral load being 2.8 log
    Conclusion: Pre-transplant CMV-CMI may play a protective role against post-transplant CMV infection and can serve as an adjunct for pre-transplant risk stratification.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Cytomegalovirus ; Liver Transplantation ; Living Donors ; Prospective Studies ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; Immunity, Cellular ; Transplant Recipients ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-05
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1476094-0
    ISSN 1399-3062 ; 1398-2273
    ISSN (online) 1399-3062
    ISSN 1398-2273
    DOI 10.1111/tid.14011
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  3. Article: Model Building to Investigate the Role of Spatial Location in Classifying Satellite Image Using SVM, CART and mBACT: A Case Study

    Agarwal, Reshu

    Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing. 2017 Aug., v. 45, no. 4

    2017  

    Abstract: This paper investigates the importance of spatial location of pixels in terms of row-column as an additional explanatory variable in classification along with available spectral bands of remotely sensed data. In view of this, a forward step-wise variable ...

    Abstract This paper investigates the importance of spatial location of pixels in terms of row-column as an additional explanatory variable in classification along with available spectral bands of remotely sensed data. In view of this, a forward step-wise variable selection algorithm is used to select significant bands/variables and build an optimal model to extract the maximum accuracy. Author performed a case study on the area of town of Wolfville acquired by LANDSAT 5 TM data containing six 30 m resolution spectral bands and pixel location as an additional variable. Data are classified into seven classes using three advanced classifiers i.e. classification and regression trees (CART), support vector machines (SVM) and multi-class Bayesian additive classification tree (mBACT). Traditionally, it is assumed that addition of more explanatory variables always increase the accuracy of classified satellite images. However, results of this study show that adding more variables may sometimes confuse the classifier, that is, if selected carefully, fewer variables can provide the more accurate classification. Importance of row-column information turns out to be more beneficial for mBACT followed by SVM. Interestingly, spatial locations did not turn out to be useful for CART. Based on the findings of this study, mBACT appears to be a slightly better classifier than SVM and a substantially better than CART.
    Keywords Landsat ; case studies ; models ; remote sensing ; support vector machines
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-08
    Size p. 569-578.
    Publishing place Springer India
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2439566-3
    ISSN 0974-3006 ; 0255-660X
    ISSN (online) 0974-3006
    ISSN 0255-660X
    DOI 10.1007/s12524-016-0619-9
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  4. Article ; Online: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Voriconazole in Children with Hematologic Malignancy and Invasive Fungal Infections: An RCT from a Tertiary Care Centre in India.

    Sharad, Neha / Singh, Gagandeep / Xess, Immaculata / Agarwal, Reshu / Seth, Tulika / Reeta, K H / Kothari, Sweta

    Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets

    2024  Volume 23, Issue 4, Page(s) 285–292

    Abstract: Introduction: Voriconazole is a triazole anti-fungal with non-linear kinetics and a narrow therapeutic range. The objective of our study was to monitor the voriconazole serum levels in children with hematological malignancy and clinically suspected ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Voriconazole is a triazole anti-fungal with non-linear kinetics and a narrow therapeutic range. The objective of our study was to monitor the voriconazole serum levels in children with hematological malignancy and clinically suspected invasive fungal infections.
    Methods: The study was a prospective, randomized controlled trial conducted from June 2016 to December 2017. All children who had haematologic malignancies with clinically suspected invasive fungal infections and received voriconazole as the only anti-fungal were included in the study. The children were randomly allotted into two groups; one was the group that underwent TDM, and the other, TDM, was not done. Bioassay was the method employed for TDM. The trough levels were evaluated on a sample obtained on the fifth day of starting the drug. The institute's ethics committee approved the study.
    Result: A total of 30 children were included in the study: 15 in the TDM group and 15 in the non-TDM group. The most common underlying malignancy was AML. Neutropenia due to chemotherapy sessions was these patients' most common risk factor. A favorable outcome was seen in 13/15 (86.7%) in the TDM group and 11/15 in the non-TDM group (73.3%).
    Conclusion: Only five out of 15 (33.3%) children had voriconazole serum levels within the therapeutic range. Alterations in dose had to be done in the remaining to achieve the recommended serum levels. Thus, we recommend TDM for all children of hematologic malignancy receiving voriconazole for better management. Our findings also revealed that children with AML had lower than recommended levels of voriconazole on TDM evaluation, whereas those with ALL had normal to elevated levels of voriconazole.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Voriconazole/therapeutic use ; Drug Monitoring ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Prospective Studies ; Hematologic Neoplasms/complications ; Hematologic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; India ; Invasive Fungal Infections/drug therapy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
    Chemical Substances Voriconazole (JFU09I87TR)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-09
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Clinical Trial
    ZDB-ID 2244164-5
    ISSN 2212-4063 ; 1871-529X
    ISSN (online) 2212-4063
    ISSN 1871-529X
    DOI 10.2174/011871529X245299231102055046
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  5. Article: Severe Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology Presenting as Pediatric Acute Liver Failure: Analysis of Likely Etiology, Clinical Course and Outcome.

    Lal, Bikrant B / Sood, Vikrant / Gupta, Ekta / Agarwal, Reshu / Khanna, Rajeev / Alam, Seema

    Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology

    2023  

    Abstract: Adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV2) have been recently implicated as probable causative agents of severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology reported from most of Europe. High mortality and ... ...

    Abstract Adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV2) have been recently implicated as probable causative agents of severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology reported from most of Europe. High mortality and liver transplantation (LT) rates have been observed in those presenting with acute liver failure (ALF). Such cases have not been reported from the Indian subcontinent. We analyzed the etiologies, clinical course, and in-hospital outcomes of cases of severe acute hepatitis with ALF presenting to us between May and October 2022. A total of 178 children presented with severe acute hepatitis of known/unknown etiology including 28 presenting as ALF. Eight of them fulfilled the definition of severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology presenting as ALF. Adenovirus was not associated with cases of ALF in these children. SARS-COV2 antibodies were detected in 6 (75%) of them. Children with severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology presenting as ALF were young (median age 4 years), had hyper-acute presentation with a predominance of gastrointestinal symptoms, and a fulminant course with worse outcomes (native liver survival 25%). Expedited evaluation of these children for LT would be the key to management.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-26
    Publishing country India
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 0973-6883
    ISSN 0973-6883
    DOI 10.1016/j.jceh.2023.05.014
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  6. Article ; Online: A prospective evaluation of the sentinel node mapping algorithm in endometrial cancer and correlation of its performance against endometrial cancer risk subtypes.

    Rajanbabu, Anupama / Agarwal, Reshu

    European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology

    2018  Volume 224, Page(s) 77–80

    Abstract: Objective: Sentinel node mapping is emerging as the alternative to lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer. The objective of our study is to validate of the sentinel node mapping surgical algorithm and also to compare the performance of the algorithm ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Sentinel node mapping is emerging as the alternative to lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer. The objective of our study is to validate of the sentinel node mapping surgical algorithm and also to compare the performance of the algorithm against endometrial cancer risk subtypes DESIGN: This is a prospective interventional study carried out at a Single University teaching hospital. All patients with apparent early stage endometrial cancer who underwent robotic assisted surgical staging were included. Intracervical injection of Indocyanine Green dye and sentinel node identification and biopsy was done for all study patients. The node positive rate when using SLN mapping alone versus SLN mapping algorithm were compared. The node positivity was compared against various risk subtypes of endometrial cancer.
    Results: 69 patients were included in the study. In 95.7% patients SLN was detected with a bilateral detection rate of 87.9%. 10 patients had nodal positivity, among which 7 were identified by SLN mapping alone. The algorithm captured all 10 patients with positive LNs, yielding a node positivity rate of 14.9%, sensitivity and NPV of 100%. For SLN mapping alone the sensitivity was 77.8%, false negative rate (FNR) 22.2%, and NPV 96.6%. In low- and intermediate-risk subtypes SLN mapping as well as algorithm identified all node positive patients, but in high-risk endometrial cancers the SLN mapping technique alone had a sensitivity of 57.1% and false-negative rate of 42.9% when compared with 100% sensitivity for the SLN mapping algorithm.
    Conclusions: When doing SLN mapping and biopsy during endometrial cancer staging surgery it is essential that the steps mentioned in the SLN mapping algorithm are followed as SLN mapping alone seems to have a limitation in detecting positive nodes especially in high risk subtypes of endometrial cancer. Even with the lack of survival data, based on the performance of SLN mapping surgical algorithm (even if ultrastaging facility is not available), it seems to be a better technique in detecting metastatic nodes, giving prognostic information, and enabling accurate adjuvant treatment.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Algorithms ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid/diagnostic imaging ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid/pathology ; Coloring Agents ; Endometrial Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Indocyanine Green ; Middle Aged ; Optical Imaging ; Prospective Studies ; Robotics ; Sentinel Lymph Node/diagnostic imaging ; Sentinel Lymph Node/pathology
    Chemical Substances Coloring Agents ; Indocyanine Green (IX6J1063HV)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-13
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 190605-7
    ISSN 1872-7654 ; 0301-2115 ; 0028-2243
    ISSN (online) 1872-7654
    ISSN 0301-2115 ; 0028-2243
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2018.03.017
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  7. Article: Optimal ordering policy with inventory classification using data mining techniques

    Agarwal, Reshu / Mittal, Mandeep

    Handbook of research on promoting business process improvement through inventory control techniques , p. 305-326

    2018  , Page(s) 305–326

    Author's details Reshu Agarwal, Mandeep Mittal
    Language English
    Publisher IGI Global, Business Science Reference
    Publishing place Hershey PA, USA
    Document type Article
    ISBN 978-1-5225-3232-3 ; 1-5225-3232-3
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  8. Article: Naturally Occurring Resistance Associated Substitutions in Non-Cirrhotic, Treatment Naive HCV-HIV Co-Infected Patients Does Not Affect the Treatment Response for Anti-HCV Antiviral Therapy.

    Gupta, Ekta / Agarwal, Reshu / Rastogi, Aayushi / Rani, Nitiksha / Jindal, Ankur

    Infection and drug resistance

    2021  Volume 14, Page(s) 1381–1387

    Abstract: Purpose: Limited literature on the prevalence of baseline resistance associated substitutions (BL-RAS) among HCV-HIV co-infected patients and their association with treatment outcomes is available especially from India. Hence, the present study aimed to ...

    Abstract Purpose: Limited literature on the prevalence of baseline resistance associated substitutions (BL-RAS) among HCV-HIV co-infected patients and their association with treatment outcomes is available especially from India. Hence, the present study aimed to study naturally occurring RAS among non-cirrhotic HCV-HIV co-infected patients and their impact on the response to anti-HCV therapy.
    Patients and methods: In this retrospective study, archived blood samples of 80 HCV-HIV co-infected patients, before anti-HCV therapy initiation, were tested for substitutions at the drug acting sites (NS5a and NS5b) in the HCV genome by direct PCR sequencing.
    Results: BL-RAS were seen in 19 (23.7%) patients. As well as BL-RAS, all patients were given sofosbuvir (SOF) 400 mg+ daclatasvir (DCV) 60 mg for 12 weeks. Overall, sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved in 63 (78.8%) patients, in 13 with BL-RAS and in 50 without BL-RAS. All the SVR failure cases (n=17) were retreated with SOF (400 mg) +DCV (60 mg)+ ribavirin (RBV) for 24 weeks. SVR was eventually attained in 14 (82.3%) patients, in 4/6 (66.6%) with BL-RAS and in 10/11 (91%) without BL-RAS. On univariate analysis, age more than 30 years (OR: 11.6; 95% CI: 3.0-45.5, p-value<0.001) and female gender (OR: 8.6; 95% CI: 1.1-69, p-value <0.009) were found to be significant factors associated with the attainment of SVR.
    Conclusion: BL-RAS are common in HCV-HIV co-infected patients. The existence of BL-RAS, however, did not affect the attainment of SVR among non-cirrhotic, treatment naive HCV-HIV co-infected patients.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-12
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2494856-1
    ISSN 1178-6973
    ISSN 1178-6973
    DOI 10.2147/IDR.S301032
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  9. Article ; Online: Co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with other respiratory pathogens in patients with liver disease.

    Samal, Jasmine / Agarwal, Reshu / Soni, Anushka / Pandey, Amit / Thapar, Shalini / Gupta, Ekta

    Access microbiology

    2022  Volume 4, Issue 10, Page(s) acmi000456

    Abstract: Respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) was first documented in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, followed by its rapid spread across the globe. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated viral/bacterial co- ... ...

    Abstract Respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) was first documented in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, followed by its rapid spread across the globe. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated viral/bacterial co-infection in the respiratory tract could modulate disease severity and its outcome in COVID-19 infection. In this retrospective study, 300 chronic liver disease patients with radiologically confirmed lower respiratory tract infection were enrolled from September 2020 to December 2021. In all of them, along with SARS-CoV-2, other respiratory viral/bacterial pathogens were studied. In total, 23.7 % (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2516-8290
    ISSN (online) 2516-8290
    DOI 10.1099/acmi.0.000456
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  10. Article: Syndromic approach to SARS-CoV-2 detection using QIAstat-Dx SARS-CoV-2 panel from clinical samples

    Gupta, Akshita / Soni, Anushika / Rooge, Sheetalnath / Paul, Diptanu / Agarwal, Reshu / Tarai, Bansidhar / Gupta, Ekta

    Journal of virological methods. 2021 Dec., v. 298

    2021  

    Abstract: The QIAstat-Dx SARS-CoV-2 panel is a multiplex cartridge based assay based on real time PCR which can detect 17 respiratory viruses, including the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. A syndromic approach is the need of the hour for COVID-19 diagnostics among ... ...

    Abstract The QIAstat-Dx SARS-CoV-2 panel is a multiplex cartridge based assay based on real time PCR which can detect 17 respiratory viruses, including the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. A syndromic approach is the need of the hour for COVID-19 diagnostics among patients presenting with respiratory symptoms. The present study was done to evaluate 120 archived respiratory clinical specimens for SARS-CoV-2 on the SARS-CoV-2 panel. Further, 27 specimens were tested for other respiratory viruses, in comparison with the BioFire RP1.7 platform. The sensitivity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2 on SARS panel was found to be 90.00 % and 100 % respectively, indicating good diagnostic accuracy. The positive predictive value was found to be 100 %, negative predictive value was found to be 99.93 % and accuracy was 99.93 %. Detection of other respiratory viruses observed a concordance of 77.7 %. Despite advantages of speed, minimal expertise and accurate results; significant costs and discrepancies at Ct >35 remain important limitations of the SARS panel.
    Keywords COVID-19 infection ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; diagnostic techniques ; quantitative polymerase chain reaction
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-12
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 8013-5
    ISSN 1879-0984 ; 0166-0934
    ISSN (online) 1879-0984
    ISSN 0166-0934
    DOI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114300
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