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  1. AU="Ahmad, Shoaib"
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  1. Article ; Online: Information generating, sharing, and manipulating Source-Reservoir-Sink model of self-organizing dissipative structures.

    Ahmad, Shoaib

    Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)

    2018  Volume 28, Issue 12, Page(s) 123125

    Abstract: The evolution of self-organizing ensembles of fullerenes and the emergence of the Buckyball are described by information generating, sharing, and manipulating Source-Reservoir-Sink model. Shannon's information-theoretic model of signal transmitter, ... ...

    Abstract The evolution of self-organizing ensembles of fullerenes and the emergence of the Buckyball are described by information generating, sharing, and manipulating Source-Reservoir-Sink model. Shannon's information-theoretic model of signal transmitter, channel, and receiver that preserves and retains the original signal is extended to our model that maps the transformations of chemical and physical components of the self-organizing dissipative structures into Source, Reservoir, and Sink. The information generated by Source is manipulated by controlling the flow of information to Reservoir before being transmitted to Sink. It is demonstrated in a Box-model. The role of Reservoir in building up the manipulative capacity for information storage and selective sharing is illustrated by the asymmetric exchange of material and information. The number of boxes and the flow rates are varied to evaluate the information-theoretic diagnostic tools of Shannon entropy, complexity, fractal dimension, relative entropy, and the entropic cost of the emerging dissipative structures.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1472677-4
    ISSN 1089-7682 ; 1054-1500
    ISSN (online) 1089-7682
    ISSN 1054-1500
    DOI 10.1063/1.5052561
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: A report of Kabul internet users on self-medication with over-the-counter medicines.

    Nemat, Arash / Rezayee, Khalid Jan / Essar, Mohammad Yasir / Mowlabaccus, Wafaa Binti / Ahmad, Shoaib / Mubarak, Mohammad Yousuf

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 8500

    Abstract: Self-medication (SM) with over-the-counter (OTC) medications is a prevalent issue in Afghanistan, largely due to poverty, illiteracy, and limited access to healthcare facilities. To better understand the problem, a cross-sectional online survey was ... ...

    Abstract Self-medication (SM) with over-the-counter (OTC) medications is a prevalent issue in Afghanistan, largely due to poverty, illiteracy, and limited access to healthcare facilities. To better understand the problem, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted using a convenience sampling method based on the availability and accessibility of participants from various parts of the city. Descriptive analysis was used to determine frequency and percentage, and the chi-square test was used to identify any associations. The study found that of the 391 respondents, 75.2% were male, and 69.6% worked in non-health fields. Participants cited cost, convenience, and perceived effectiveness as the main reasons for choosing OTC medications. The study also found that 65.2% of participants had good knowledge of OTC medications, with 96.2% correctly recognizing that OTC medications require a prescription, and 93.6% understanding that long-term use of OTC drugs can have side effects. Educational level and occupation were significantly associated with good knowledge, while only educational level was associated with a good attitude towards OTC medications (p < 0.001). Despite having good knowledge of OTC drugs, participants reported a poor attitude towards their use. Overall, the study highlights the need for greater education and awareness about the appropriate use of OTC medications in Kabul, Afghanistan.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Nonprescription Drugs/therapeutic use ; Self Medication ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Internet
    Chemical Substances Nonprescription Drugs
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-35757-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Saddle pulmonary embolism in the setting of COVID-19 infection

    Choudry Hassan / Ata Fateen / Ibrahim Wanis / Rana Mohammad Omer Rehman / Ahmad Shoaib / Mehmood Asim / Gill Basir Afzaal / Suheb Mahammed Khan

    Open Medicine, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 129-

    A systematic review of case reports and case series

    2023  Volume 38

    Abstract: Saddle pulmonary embolism (SPE) is a rare type of pulmonary embolism that can lead to hemodynamic compromise causing sudden deaths. Due to a dearth of large prospective studies in this area, little is known regarding the epidemiology, and prognosis and ... ...

    Abstract Saddle pulmonary embolism (SPE) is a rare type of pulmonary embolism that can lead to hemodynamic compromise causing sudden deaths. Due to a dearth of large prospective studies in this area, little is known regarding the epidemiology, and prognosis and factors affecting the latter for COVID-19-associated SPE. We aimed to describe COVID-19-associated SPE and quantify and compare mortality and factors affecting mortality among the cases. We included a total of 25 publications with a total of 35 cases. The average age was 45 ± 16.3 years with 11 females and 24 males. Dyspnoea (82.5%), orthopnoea (43.5%), and cough (43.5%) were the most common symptoms, and obstructive shock was present in five (21.7%) patients. The average reported oxygen (O2) saturation was 85.8% ± 11.9 mm Hg. Hypertension (26.1%), diabetes (21.7%), and deep vein thrombosis (21.7%) were the most commonly reported comorbidities. Right heart strain was recognized in seven (30%) patients on electroencephalogram (S1QIIITIII) and 12 (52.2%) patients on echocardiogram. Anticoagulation, thrombolysis, and percutaneous intervention were tried in 21 (91.3%), 13 (56.5%), and 6 (26.1%) cases, respectively. Despite the aggressive management, 2 of 25 (8.7%) patients died in our smaller case report cohort. We conclude that despite aggressive management modalities, the mortality of SPE remains high in COVID-19.
    Keywords saddle pulmonary embolism ; spe ; covid-19 ; coronavirus disease 2019 ; sars-cov-2 ; severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher De Gruyter
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: The Impact of COVID-19 on Patients With Schizophrenia and Their Access to Health Care.

    Hashim, Hashim Talib / Ramadhan, Mustafa Ahmed / Ahmad, Shoaib / Essar, Mohammad Yasir

    The primary care companion for CNS disorders

    2021  Volume 23, Issue 2

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Comorbidity ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Iraq/epidemiology ; Lung Diseases/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Schizophrenia/epidemiology ; Schizophrenia/therapy ; Smoking/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2675414-9
    ISSN 2155-7780 ; 2155-7780
    ISSN (online) 2155-7780
    ISSN 2155-7780
    DOI 10.4088/PCC.21com02923
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Vaccination: Brazil fails Indigenous people again with two-tier scheme.

    Dos Santos Costa, Ana Carla / Ahmad, Shoaib / Essar, Mohammad Yasir

    Nature

    2021  Volume 593, Issue 7860, Page(s) 510

    MeSH term(s) Brazil ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage ; COVID-19 Vaccines/supply & distribution ; Health Policy ; Humans ; Immunization Programs/ethics ; Immunization Programs/organization & administration ; Indigenous Peoples ; Prejudice/prevention & control
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/d41586-021-01409-w
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  6. Journal ; Article ; Online: Infodemic, self-medication and stockpiling

    Ahmad Shoaib / Maryam Salma Babar / Mohammad Yasir Essar / Mehul Sinha / Azhar Nadkar

    a worrying combination

    2021  

    Abstract: ... 438 ... ...

    Abstract 438

    440
    Keywords Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) ; Self Medication ; COVID-19 ; Social Media ; Nonprescription Drugs ; Strategic Stockpile ; Pandemics
    Language English
    Publisher World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
    Document type Journal ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Typhoid in Pakistan: Challenges, Efforts, and Recommendations.

    Tharwani, Zoaib Habib / Kumar, Prince / Salman, Yumna / Islam, Zarmina / Ahmad, Shoaib / Essar, Mohammad Yasir

    Infection and drug resistance

    2022  Volume 15, Page(s) 2523–2527

    Abstract: Typhoid, and its extra drug resistant form which is highly prevalent Pakistan, is increasing the burden on healthcare through multiple factors. These range from lack of sanitation, the collapsing economy, and poor access to clean drinking water which ... ...

    Abstract Typhoid, and its extra drug resistant form which is highly prevalent Pakistan, is increasing the burden on healthcare through multiple factors. These range from lack of sanitation, the collapsing economy, and poor access to clean drinking water which have made it arduous for the government and various other organizations in containing it. With the COVID-19 pandemic, treatment of typhoid became a challenge as focus was driven towards limiting the COVID-19 spread, and hence preferential use of antibiotics such as azithromycin may limit future empirical antibiotic therapy for typhoid. Socioeconomic disparities and geographical as well as demographic barriers further limit access to appropriate typhoid management. Lastly, illiteracy and self-medication with antibiotics may predispose Pakistan to another outbreak of typhoid. These concerns, although largely unaddressed effectively, need immediate action. Previously, the government and international organizations have made efforts to control the spread through the introduction of TCV as a part of EPI and awareness, additional improvements are needed. These include: improving access to telemedicine in rural areas, extensive vaccination programs, and routine awareness programs especially in schools.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-13
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2494856-1
    ISSN 1178-6973
    ISSN 1178-6973
    DOI 10.2147/IDR.S365220
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Hijab or Niqab Interacts with Facemasks Usage at Healthcare Settings in Kabul, Afghanistan: A Multi-Center Observational Study.

    Nemat, Arash / Danishmand, Tamim Jan / Essar, Mohammad Yasir / Raufi, Nahid / Ahmad, Shoaib / Lazarus, Suleman

    Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 10

    Abstract: Purpose: ...

    Abstract Purpose:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2721009-1
    ISSN 2227-9032
    ISSN 2227-9032
    DOI 10.3390/healthcare10101946
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  9. Article: Healthcare system amidst the war in Ukraine.

    Shkodina, Anastasiia D / Chopra, Hitesh / Singh, Inderbir / Ahmad, Shoaib / Boiko, Dmytro I

    Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)

    2022  Volume 80, Page(s) 104271

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2745440-X
    ISSN 2049-0801
    ISSN 2049-0801
    DOI 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104271
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  10. Article: MDR-TB in Pakistan: Challenges, efforts, and recommendations.

    Khan, Mahad Ahmed / Bilal, Wajeeha / Asim, Hanzla / Rahmat, Zainab Syyeda / Essar, Mohammad Yasir / Ahmad, Shoaib

    Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)

    2022  Volume 79, Page(s) 104009

    Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB), a global health concern is also a leading cause of mortality and morbidity across Pakistan affecting a major proportion of the population. The absence of an integrated system to control the spread of TB has led to a rise in multidrug ... ...

    Abstract Tuberculosis (TB), a global health concern is also a leading cause of mortality and morbidity across Pakistan affecting a major proportion of the population. The absence of an integrated system to control the spread of TB has led to a rise in multidrug resistant strains of TB (MDR-Tb) which do not exhibit any sensitivity towards the first line therapy for TB. Such adverse circumstances call for effective planning strategies to mitigate the health hazards of MDR-TB. This article briefly highlights the challenges encountered by the already burdened healthcare system and suggests relatively inexpensive approaches to tackle the ongoing crisis associated with MDR-TB on a national scale.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2745440-X
    ISSN 2049-0801
    ISSN 2049-0801
    DOI 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104009
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