Article ; Online: Longitudinal single-cell analysis of SARS-CoV-2–reactive B cells uncovers persistence of early-formed, antigen-specific clones
JCI Insight, Vol 8, Iss
2023 Volume 1
Abstract: Understanding persistence and evolution of B cell clones after COVID-19 infection and vaccination is crucial for predicting responses against emerging viral variants and optimizing vaccines. Here, we collected longitudinal samples from patients with ... ...
| Abstract | Understanding persistence and evolution of B cell clones after COVID-19 infection and vaccination is crucial for predicting responses against emerging viral variants and optimizing vaccines. Here, we collected longitudinal samples from patients with severe COVID-19 every third to seventh day during hospitalization and every third month after recovery. We profiled their antigen-specific immune cell dynamics by combining single-cell RNA-Seq, Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by Sequencing (CITE-Seq), and B cell receptor–Seq (BCR-Seq) with oligo-tagged antigen baits. While the proportion of Spike receptor binding domain–specific memory B cells (MBC) increased from 3 months after infection, the other Spike- and Nucleocapsid-specific B cells remained constant. All patients showed ongoing class switching and sustained affinity maturation of antigen-specific cells, and affinity maturation was not significantly increased early after vaccine. B cell analysis revealed a polyclonal response with limited clonal expansion; nevertheless, some clones detected during hospitalization, as plasmablasts, persisted for up to 1 year, as MBC. Monoclonal antibodies derived from persistent B cell families increased their binding and neutralization breadth and started recognizing viral variants by 3 months after infection. Overall, our findings provide important insights into the clonal evolution and dynamics of antigen-specific B cell responses in longitudinally sampled patients infected with COVID-19. |
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| Keywords | COVID-19 ; Immunology ; Medicine ; R |
| Subject code | 570 |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z |
| Publisher | American Society for Clinical investigation |
| Document type | Article ; Online |
| Database | BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection) |
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