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Book ; Online: Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease: From Cognitive Reserve to Precision Medicine

Kook Lim, Hyun / Aizenstein, Howard

2020

Keywords	Medicine ; Psychiatry ; Dementia ; Alzheimer's ; Cognitive Reserve ; Prevention ; Precision medicine
Size	1 electronic resource (99 pages)
Publisher	Frontiers Media SA
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	English ; Open Access
HBZ-ID	HT021231461
ISBN	9782889639175 ; 2889639177
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Book: Neuroimaging research in geriatric mental health

Aizenstein, Howard J.

2010

Author's details	Howard J. Aizenstein ... ed
Keywords	Mental Disorders / radiography ; Brain / radiography ; Diagnostic Imaging / methods ; Geriatric Psychiatry / methods ; Aged
Language	English
Size	XIII, 263 S. : Ill.
Publisher	Springer
Publishing place	New York
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT016205319
ISBN	0-8261-1099-1 ; 978-0-8261-1099-2 ; 9780826111166 ; 0826111165
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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2010 A 2349	order for loan	Magazin

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Article ; Online: Initial evidence regarding the neurobiological basis of psychological symptoms in dementia caregivers.

Smagula, Stephen F / Aizenstein, Howard J

Translational psychiatry

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 169

Abstract: Mood symptoms and disorders are common in dementia caregivers, who can be exposed to a myriad of potential stressors including their care recipient's neuropsychiatric symptoms. Existing evidence indicates that the effects of potentially stressful ... ...

Abstract	Mood symptoms and disorders are common in dementia caregivers, who can be exposed to a myriad of potential stressors including their care recipient's neuropsychiatric symptoms. Existing evidence indicates that the effects of potentially stressful exposures on mental health depend on the caregiver's individual characteristics and responses. Specifically, prior studies indicate that risk factors measured on psychological (e.g., emotion-focused/behaviorally disengaged coping responses) and behavioral (e.g., sleep and activity restriction) levels of analysis may confer the effects of caregiving exposures on mental health. Theoretically, this process from caregiving stressors and other risk factors to mood symptoms is neurobiologically mediated. This article reviews recent studies that used brain imaging to identify neurobiological factors that are related to psychological outcomes in caregivers. Available observational data indicate that psychological outcomes in caregivers are related to differences in the structure/function of regions involved in socio-affective information processing (prefrontal), autobiographical memory (the posterior cingulate), and stress (amygdala). In addition, two small randomized controlled trials using repeated brain imaging showed that Mentalizing Imagery Therapy (a mindfulness program) increased prefrontal network connectivity and reduced mood symptoms. These studies raise the possibility that, in the future, brain imaging may be useful to detect the neurobiological basis of a given caregiver's mood vulnerability and guide the selection of interventions that are known to modify it. However, there remains a need for evidence on whether brain imaging improves on simpler/inexpensive measurement modalities like self-report for identifying vulnerable caregivers and matching them with efficacious interventions. In addition, to target interventions, more evidence is needed regarding the effects that both risk factors and interventions have on mood neurobiology (e.g., how persistent emotion-focused coping, sleep disruption, and mindfulness affect brain function).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Caregivers/psychology ; Neurobiology ; Adaptation, Psychological ; Mental Health ; Dementia/psychology ; Stress, Psychological/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2609311-X
ISSN	2158-3188 ; 2158-3188
ISSN (online)	2158-3188
ISSN	2158-3188
DOI	10.1038/s41398-023-02457-8
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Article ; Online: Deep Learning and Geriatric Mental Health.

Aizenstein, Howard / Moore, Raeanne C / Vahia, Ipsit / Ciarleglio, Adam

The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry

2023 Volume 32, Issue 3, Page(s) 270–279

Abstract: The goal of this overview is to help clinicians develop basic proficiency with the terminology of deep learning and understand its fundamentals and early applications. We describe what machine learning and deep learning represent and explain the ... ...

Abstract	The goal of this overview is to help clinicians develop basic proficiency with the terminology of deep learning and understand its fundamentals and early applications. We describe what machine learning and deep learning represent and explain the underlying data science principles. We also review current promising applications and identify ethical issues that bear consideration. Deep Learning is a new type of machine learning that is remarkably good at finding patterns in data, and in some cases generating realistic new data. We provide insights into how deep learning works and discuss its relevance to geriatric psychiatry.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Mental Health ; Deep Learning ; Machine Learning ; Geriatric Psychiatry
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1278145-9
ISSN	1545-7214 ; 1064-7481
ISSN (online)	1545-7214
ISSN	1064-7481
DOI	10.1016/j.jagp.2023.11.008
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Article: Voxel-wise hemispheric Amyloid Asymmetry and its association with cerebral metabolism and grey matter density in cognitively normal older adults.

Jayaprakash, Hunsica J / Mizuno, Akiko / Snitz, Beth E / Cohen, Ann D / Klunk, Willian E / Aizenstein, Howard J / Karim, Helmet T

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

2024

Abstract: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by changes in beta amyloid (Aß) and tau as well as changes in cerebral glucose metabolism and gray matter volume. This has been categorized as three distinct stages of ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by changes in beta amyloid (Aß) and tau as well as changes in cerebral glucose metabolism and gray matter volume. This has been categorized as three distinct stages of amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration. Past studies have shown asymmetric Aβ accumulation and its association with asymmetric cerebral metabolism in preclinical AD. We analyzed data to replicate these findings and extend them to associations with gray matter volume and cognitive function. Methods: We recruited 93 (mean age = 76.4±6.1 years) cognitively normal adults who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) with Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) and Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) tracers (to estimate Aβ and glucose metabolism, respectively). We conducted voxel-wise paired t-test on PiB (left vs. right hemispheres) to identify regions that differ in Aβ between the left and right cortex. We identified whether these regions showed asymmetry in FDG and gray matter volume using paired t-tests on each region. We then conducted correlations between asymmetry indices for each region that had significant asymmetry in PiB, FDG, and gray matter volume. We ran a group regression analysis on cognitive functions. Results: We found 26 regions that had significant rightward asymmetry in PiB including prefrontal cortex, temporal cortex, insula, parahippocampus, caudate, and putamen. All these regions showed significant gray matter rightward asymmetry, and most of these regions showed significant FDG asymmetry except the caudate, orbital cortex, medial frontal gyrus, and superior temporal gyrus. Only in the superior frontal gyrus, we found that greater rightward asymmetry in PiB was associated with greater rightward asymmetry in FDG, Discussion: AD has previously been modeled in three-stages: however, our results indicate that cerebral glucose metabolism may be dynamic throughout the disease progression and may serve as a compensatory pathway for maintaining cognitive functioning.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.03.05.24303808
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Article ; Online: Sex matters: acute functional connectivity changes as markers of remission in late-life depression differ by sex.

Wilson, James D / Gerlach, Andrew R / Karim, Helmet T / Aizenstein, Howard J / Andreescu, Carmen

Molecular psychiatry

2023 Volume 28, Issue 12, Page(s) 5228–5236

Abstract: The efficacy of antidepressant treatment in late-life is modest, a problem magnified by an aging population and increased prevalence of depression. Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of treatment response in late-life depression (LLD) is ... ...

Abstract	The efficacy of antidepressant treatment in late-life is modest, a problem magnified by an aging population and increased prevalence of depression. Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of treatment response in late-life depression (LLD) is imperative. Despite established sex differences in depression and neural circuits, sex differences associated with fMRI markers of antidepressant treatment response are underexplored. In this analysis, we assess the role of sex on the relationship of acute functional connectivity changes with treatment response in LLD. Resting state fMRI scans were collected at baseline and day one of SSRI/SNRI treatment for 80 LLD participants. One-day changes in functional connectivity (differential connectivity) were related to remission status after 12 weeks. Sex differences in differential connectivity profiles that distinguished remitters from non-remitters were assessed. A random forest classifier was used to predict the remission status with models containing various combinations of demographic, clinical, symptomatological, and connectivity measures. Model performance was assessed with area under the curve, and variable importance was assessed with permutation importance. The differential connectivity profile associated with remission status differed significantly by sex. We observed evidence for a difference in one-day connectivity changes between remitters and non-remitters in males but not females. Additionally, prediction of remission was significantly improved in male-only and female-only models over pooled models. Predictions of treatment outcome based on early changes in functional connectivity show marked differences between sexes and should be considered in future MR-based treatment decision-making algorithms.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Sex Characteristics ; Middle Aged ; Brain/physiopathology ; Depression/physiopathology ; Depression/drug therapy ; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/physiopathology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy ; Remission Induction ; Sex Factors ; Aged, 80 and over ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ; Antidepressive Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1330655-8
ISSN	1476-5578 ; 1359-4184
ISSN (online)	1476-5578
ISSN	1359-4184
DOI	10.1038/s41380-023-02158-0
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Brain connectivity under light sedation with midazolam and ketamine during task performance and the periodic experience of pain: Examining concordance between different approaches for seed-based connectivity analysis.

Vogt, Keith M / Ibinson, James W / Burlew, Alex C / Smith, C Tyler / Aizenstein, Howard J / Fiez, Julie A

Brain imaging and behavior

2023 Volume 17, Issue 5, Page(s) 519–529

Abstract: This work focused on functional connectivity changes under midazolam and ketamine sedation during performance of a memory task, with the periodic experience of pain. To maximize ability to compare to previous and future work, we performed secondary ... ...

Abstract	This work focused on functional connectivity changes under midazolam and ketamine sedation during performance of a memory task, with the periodic experience of pain. To maximize ability to compare to previous and future work, we performed secondary region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI functional connectivity analyses on these data, using two granularities of scale for ROIs. These findings are compared to the results of a previous seed-to-voxel analysis methodology, employed in the primary analysis. Healthy adult volunteers participated in this randomized crossover 3 T functional MRI study under no drug, followed by subanesthetic doses of midazolam or ketamine achieving minimal sedation. Periodic painful stimulation was delivered while subjects repeatedly performed a memory-encoding task. Atlas-based and network-level ROIs were used from within Conn Toolbox (ver 18). Timing of experimental task events was regressed from the data to assess drug-induced changes in background connectivity, using ROI-to-ROI methodology. Compared to saline, ROI-to-ROI connectivity changes under ketamine did not survive correction for multiple comparisons, thus data presented is from 16 subjects in a paired analysis between saline and midazolam. In both ROI-to-ROI analyses, the predominant direction of change was towards increased connectivity under midazolam, compared to saline. These connectivity increases occurred between functionally-distinct brain areas, with a posterior-predominant spatial distribution that included many long-range connectivity changes. During performance of an experimental task that involved periodic painful stimulation, compared to saline, low-dose midazolam was associated with robust increases in functional connectivity. This finding was concordant across different seed-based analyses for midazolam, but not ketamine. The neuroimaging drug trial from which this data was drawn was pre-registered (NCT-02515890) prior to enrollment of the first subject.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Ketamine/pharmacology ; Midazolam ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pain/drug therapy ; Brain/diagnostic imaging
Chemical Substances	Ketamine (690G0D6V8H) ; Midazolam (R60L0SM5BC)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2377165-3
ISSN	1931-7565 ; 1931-7557
ISSN (online)	1931-7565
ISSN	1931-7557
DOI	10.1007/s11682-023-00782-6
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The Multi-Faceted Relationship between White Matter Lesions and Late-Life Depression.

Wu, Minjie / Aizenstein, Howard J

The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry

2017 Volume 25, Issue 12, Page(s) 1322–1325

MeSH term(s)	Brain ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder ; Humans ; White Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-09-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1278145-9
ISSN	1545-7214 ; 1064-7481
ISSN (online)	1545-7214
ISSN	1064-7481
DOI	10.1016/j.jagp.2017.09.017
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Article ; Online: Advanced Research Institute (ARI): Supporting the Geriatric Mental Health Research Pipeline.

Sirey, Jo Anne / Pepin, Renee / Aizenstein, Howard / Taylor, Warren D / Forester, Brent / Okereke, Olivia / Byers, Amy L / Bruce, Martha L

The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry

2023 Volume 31, Issue 12, Page(s) 1209–1215

Abstract: The Advanced Research Institute (ARI) in Mental Health and Aging is a NIMH-funded mentoring network to help transition early-career faculty to independent investigators and scientific leaders. Since 2004, ARI has enrolled 184 Scholars from 61 ... ...

Abstract	The Advanced Research Institute (ARI) in Mental Health and Aging is a NIMH-funded mentoring network to help transition early-career faculty to independent investigators and scientific leaders. Since 2004, ARI has enrolled 184 Scholars from 61 institutions across 34 states. We describe the ARI components and assess the impact and outcomes of ARI on research careers of participants. Outcomes of ARI graduates (n = 165) came from NIH Reporter, brief surveys, and CVs: 87.3% remained active researchers, 83.6% performed scientific service, and 80.6% obtained federal grants. A population-based analysis examined NIMH mentored K awardees initially funded from 2002-2018 (n = 1160): in this group, 77.1% (47/61) of ARI participants versus 49.5% (544/1099) of nonparticipants obtained an R01. Controlling for time, ARI participants were 3.2 times more likely to achieve R01 funding than nonparticipants. Given the struggle to reduce attrition from the research career pipeline, the effectiveness of ARI model could be relevant to other fields.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Mental Health ; Financing, Organized ; Mentors ; Aging ; Academies and Institutes
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1278145-9
ISSN	1545-7214 ; 1064-7481
ISSN (online)	1545-7214
ISSN	1064-7481
DOI	10.1016/j.jagp.2023.07.017
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Article ; Online: History of major depressive disorder is associated with differences in implicit learning of emotional faces.

Kolobaric, Antonija / Mizuno, Akiko / Yang, Xiao / George, Charles J / Seidman, Andrew / Aizenstein, Howard J / Kovacs, Maria / Karim, Helmet T

Journal of psychiatric research

2023 Volume 161, Page(s) 324–332

Abstract: Major depressive disorder is often associated with worsened reward learning, with blunted reward response persisting after remission. In this study, we developed a probabilistic learning task with social rewards as a learning signal. We examined the ... ...

Abstract	Major depressive disorder is often associated with worsened reward learning, with blunted reward response persisting after remission. In this study, we developed a probabilistic learning task with social rewards as a learning signal. We examined the impacts of depression on social rewards (facial affect displays) as an implicit learning signal. Fifty-seven participants without a history of depression and sixty-two participants with a history of depression (current or remitted) completed a structured clinical interview and an implicit learning task with social reward. Participants underwent an open-ended interview to evaluate whether they knew the rule consciously. Linear mixed effects models revealed that participants without a history of depression learned faster and showed a stronger preference towards the positive than the negative stimulus when compared to the participants with a history of depression. In contrast, those with a history depression learned slower on average and displayed greater variability in stimulus preference. We did not detect any differences in learning between those with current and remitted depression. The results indicate that on a probabilistic social reward task, people with a history of depression exhibit slower reward learning and greater variability in their learning behavior. Improving our understanding of alterations in social reward learning and their associations with depression and anhedonia may help to develop translatable psychotherapeutic approaches for modification of maladaptive emotion regulation.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Depressive Disorder, Major/complications ; Depressive Disorder, Major/psychology ; Learning/physiology ; Emotions ; Reward ; Anhedonia/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	3148-3
ISSN	1879-1379 ; 0022-3956
ISSN (online)	1879-1379
ISSN	0022-3956
DOI	10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.03.026
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