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Article ; Online: A clinical study on different surgical options for management of post-burn axillary contractures

Akash Gupta / Sudhir Kumar / Chitrangana Gupta

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 224-

2024 Volume 228

Abstract: Background: Post-burn contracture is a common sequele occurring after burn. Upper limb contracture like axilla is also occurring more commonly because it is most mobile part of body and likely to involve in burn. Post-burn contracture of axilla leads to ... ...

Abstract	Background: Post-burn contracture is a common sequele occurring after burn. Upper limb contracture like axilla is also occurring more commonly because it is most mobile part of body and likely to involve in burn. Post-burn contracture of axilla leads to functional deficit as it limits the movement of upper extremity mainly abduction and extension. Patients with axillary contracture are unable to utilize his upper limb because he is unable to take the hand at required site. Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study was to study various operative strategies for patients presenting with post-burn axillary contracture. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients presenting with post-burn axillary contractures were taken in our study. Results: In our study of 20 patients of post-burn axillary contracture, five patients had Grade I (25%), Grade II 05 (25%), Grade III 01 (5%), and Grade IV 09 (45%) contractures. Regarding surgical procedure, Z-plasty was done in 8 patients (40%), release with skin grafting 10 patients (50%), and local flap done in 2 patients (10%). In our study, the mean degree of range of motion achieved after release of axillary contracture was 120°. In our study, 2 patients (10%) developed re-contracture, 1 patient (5%) had a graft failure while 85% of the patients had no complications. Conclusion: In the present study of 20 cases of management of post-burn axillary contracture, it is reasonable to conclude that the prevention of contracture is of utmost importance. The choice of surgical procedure for reconstruction of post-burn axillary contractures can be made according to the pattern of scar contracture and the state of the surrounding skin. The choice of a flap should have priority over the skin graft due to the superior functional and esthetic results of flaps. The results were satisfactory in our study in most cases with regard to quality of life, coverage, and range of motion.
Keywords	burns ; axillary contracture ; z-plasty ; skin grafting ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT HOMEMADE AND COMMERCIAL BAITS IN MONITORING OF FRUIT FLIES AT MARANTHANA, PYUTHAN, NEPAL

Akash Gupta / Rajendra Regmi

Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Vol 6, Iss 2, Pp 101-

2022 Volume 109

Abstract: Fruits & vegetable commodities incur huge loss in field & postharvest conditions due to infestation by Tephritid Fruit Flies. The adult female flies lay eggs inside near maturity fruits & vegetables. The eggs hatch into apodous larvae which feed on the ... ...

Abstract	Fruits & vegetable commodities incur huge loss in field & postharvest conditions due to infestation by Tephritid Fruit Flies. The adult female flies lay eggs inside near maturity fruits & vegetables. The eggs hatch into apodous larvae which feed on the pulp; making them unfit for human consumption and marketing. Using male pheromone lures like Cue Lure & Methyl Eugenol Lure is one of novel techniques for annihilating male fruit flies only. Female flies can still mate & keep ovipositing fruits. So, an experiment was carried at Maranthana, Pyuthan, Nepal with 3 replications & 7 treatments to devise techniques for female fruit flies management. The experiment comprised of commercially used pheromones like Cue Lure & Methyl Eugenol Lure and 5 home based baits viz. Apple Cider Vinegar, Yeast fermented sugar, Tulsi Lure, Local Liquor Lure & Pumpkin Lure; all poisoned with Malathion, soaked in cotton wick and assembled in Lynfield traps. The experiment was completed in two trappings; 2021/04/18 to 2021/05/09 and 2021/04/16 to 2021/07/07; with similar results in both trappings. The commercial were able to attract the highest number of flies; all of which were male. Local liquor lure & tulsi lure attracted least number of male fruit flies. The Apple Cider Vinegar Lure and Yeast Lure attracted both male & female flies while pumpkin lure attracted only female flies of genus Zeugodacus. Results revealed that female flies of genus Zeugodacus tau & Z. cucurbitae could be attracted efficiently by making use of Apple Cider vinegar and Pumpkin.
Keywords	malathion ; methyl eugenol ; cue lure ; apple cider vinegar ; pumpkin ; fruit fly ; Agriculture (General) ; S1-972
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Zibeline International
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of 0.5% levobupivacaine alone and 0.5% levobupivacaine with butorphanol given intrathecally in infraumbilical surgeries.

Ankur Garg / Anushree Pathak / Akash Gupta / Malti Agrawal

International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports, Vol 6, Iss 20, Pp 39-

2022 Volume 47

Abstract: Introduction: Spinal anaesthesia is the most common neuraxial block used in a surgical setting. The main advantage is the high success rate, safety record, rapid onset, predictable duration, minimal side effects and reliable offset. The study aimed to ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Spinal anaesthesia is the most common neuraxial block used in a surgical setting. The main advantage is the high success rate, safety record, rapid onset, predictable duration, minimal side effects and reliable offset. The study aimed to compare Levobupivacaine and Levobupivacaine with Butorphanol in terms of onset of sensory and motor blockade, duration of sensory and motor block, two segment regression time, hemodynamic changes, time for first rescue analgesia and complications in infraumbilical surgeries. Materials and methods: 60 patients of ASA class 1 and 2 of age 19 to 65 years were selected for the study and divided into two groups with 30 patients each. Group A - 15 mg (3 ml) of 0.5% Levobupivacaine + 0.1 ml Normal saline. Group B- 15 mg (3 ml) of 0.5% Levobupivacaine + 100 g (0.1 ml) of Butorphanol. All groups received drugs at L2-L3 intervertebral space. Result: On comparing both groups, the sensory and motor blockade duration was more in group B. The two-segment regression time was more in group B, and the time for the first rescue analgesia was also more in group B. Hemodynamic stability was achieved in group B with minimal change in the parameters and fewer complications. Conclusion: we concluded that adding injection Butorphanol with Levobupivacaine gives hemodynamic stability compared to Levobupivacaine alone intrathecally and provides a longer duration of sensory and motor blockade and superior analgesia than intrathecal levobupivacaine alone.
Keywords	spinal anesthesia ; analgesia ; intrathecal ; levobupivacaine ; butorphanol ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	International Sci Ink Press Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A protocol for automated a posteriori adaptive meshing with SimVascular

Akash Gupta / Ethan Kung

BMC Research Notes, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a test case

2020 Volume 6

Abstract: Abstract Objective Operational details regarding the use of the adaptive meshing (AM) algorithm available in the SimVascular package are scarce despite its application in several studies. Lacking these details, novice users of the AM algorithm may ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Objective Operational details regarding the use of the adaptive meshing (AM) algorithm available in the SimVascular package are scarce despite its application in several studies. Lacking these details, novice users of the AM algorithm may experience undesirable outcomes post-adaptation such as increases in mesh error metrics, unpredictable increases in mesh size, and losses in geometric fidelity. Here we present a test case using our proposed iterative protocol that will help prevent these undesirable outcomes and enhance the utility of the AM algorithm. We present three trials (conservative, moderate, and aggressive settings) applied to a scenario modelling a Fontan junction with a patient-specific geometry and physiologically realistic boundary conditions. Results In all three trials, an overall reduction in mesh error metrics is observed (range 47%–86%). The increase in the number of elements through each adaptation never exceeded the mesh size of the pre-adaptation mesh by one order of magnitude. In all three trials, the protocol resulted in consistent, repeatable improvements in mesh error metrics, no losses of geometric fidelity and steady increments in the number of elements in the mesh. Our proposed protocol prevented the aforementioned undesirable outcomes and can potentially save new users considerable effort and computing resources.
Keywords	Adaptive meshing ; Iterative protocol ; A posteriori error indicators ; SimVascular ; Computational fluid dynamics ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
Subject code	600
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Association of Elevated Serum hs-CRP Levels with the Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Known Cases of Hypothyroidism

Naved Ahmad / Mushir Ahmad / Akash Gupta / Anil Kumar Sharma

National Journal of Laboratory Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 01, Pp 16-

A Case-control Study

2022 Volume 19

Abstract: Introduction: Hypothyroidism is linked with an increased risk of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) and associated risk factors, but there is little documented information available about its association with high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP). Aim: ...

Abstract	Introduction: Hypothyroidism is linked with an increased risk of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) and associated risk factors, but there is little documented information available about its association with high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP). Aim: To analyse the association between hs-CRP and CVD in hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was carried out among 159 participants (87 cases and 72 controls) from January 2015 to August 2016 in the Department of Biochemistry, in collaboration with Department of Medicine, Subharti Medical College, its associated Chatrapati Shivaji Subharti (CSS)Hospital, Meerut,Uttar Pradesh, India. The samples were divided into two groups, Cases (hypothyroid patients) and Control group. Blood sample (3 mL) was collected from each subject. Serum was separated from blood by centrifuging blood at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. Estimation of hs-CRP was done on semiautoanalyser (Robonikreadwell touch) in clinical biochemistry laboratory. Lipid profile and other routine investigations were done by Vitros-250 autoanalyser Johnson & Johnson, USA. All the statistical analysis was done by using the Windows based Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18.0. Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation analysis was applied and p-values <0.05 were taken as the level of significance. Results: The mean age of cases and controls were 47.50±7.9 and 41.66±9.3 respectively. The mean hs-CRP values in the subjects with hypothyroidism (cases) was 3.41 mg/L and in control was 2.10 mg/L (p-value <0.0001). The weight and waist circumference, were also significantly different (p-value <0.05) between the study groups. The hs-CRP had an insignificant correlation with the BMI (r=0.12, p=0.23) as well as with waist circumference (r=0.15, p=0.14). Non significant correlation was found in between the hs-CRP and the blood pressure. Conclusion: This study concludes that hs-CRP levels were significantly higher in patients with hypothyroidism when compared to the control ...
Keywords	high sensitivity c-reactive protein ; serum lipid ; waist circumference ; Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	JCDR Research and Publications Pvt. Ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Trends in COVID-19 Publications

Akash Gupta / Shrey Aeron / Anjali Agrawal / Himanshu Gupta

Frontiers in Digital Health, Vol

Streamlining Research Using NLP and LDA

2021 Volume 3

Abstract: Background: Research publications related to the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 are rapidly increasing. However, current online literature hubs, even with artificial intelligence, are limited in identifying the complexity of COVID-19 research topics. ...

Abstract	Background: Research publications related to the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 are rapidly increasing. However, current online literature hubs, even with artificial intelligence, are limited in identifying the complexity of COVID-19 research topics. We developed a comprehensive Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model with 25 topics using natural language processing (NLP) techniques on PubMed® research articles about “COVID.” We propose a novel methodology to develop and visualise temporal trends, and improve existing online literature hubs.Our results for temporal evolution demonstrate interesting trends, for example, the prominence of “Mental Health” and “Socioeconomic Impact” increased, “Genome Sequence” decreased, and “Epidemiology” remained relatively constant. Applying our methodology to LitCovid, a literature hub from the National Center for Biotechnology Information, we improved the breadth and depth of research topics by subdividing their pre-existing categories. Our topic model demonstrates that research on “masks” and “Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)” is skewed toward clinical applications with a lack of population-based epidemiological research.
Keywords	natural language processing ; latent dirichlet allocation ; COVID-19 ; trends ; LitCovid ; topic model ; Medicine ; R ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270 ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Machine learning assisted hepta band THz metamaterial absorber for biomedical applications

Prince Jain / Himanshu Chhabra / Urvashi Chauhan / Krishna Prakash / Akash Gupta / Mohamed S. Soliman / Md. Shabiul Islam / Mohammad Tariqul Islam

Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 12

Abstract: Abstract A hepta-band terahertz metamaterial absorber (MMA) with modified dual T-shaped resonators deposited on polyimide is presented for sensing applications. The proposed polarization sensitive MMA is ultra-thin (0.061 λ) and compact (0.21 λ) at its ... ...

Abstract	Abstract A hepta-band terahertz metamaterial absorber (MMA) with modified dual T-shaped resonators deposited on polyimide is presented for sensing applications. The proposed polarization sensitive MMA is ultra-thin (0.061 λ) and compact (0.21 λ) at its lowest operational frequency, with multiple absorption peaks at 1.89, 4.15, 5.32, 5.84, 7.04, 8.02, and 8.13 THz. The impedance matching theory and electric field distribution are investigated to understand the physical mechanism of hepta-band absorption. The sensing functionality is evaluated using a surrounding medium with a refractive index between 1 and 1.1, resulting in good Quality factor (Q) value of 117. The proposed sensor has the highest sensitivity of 4.72 THz/RIU for glucose detection. Extreme randomized tree (ERT) model is utilized to predict absorptivities for intermediate frequencies with unit cell dimensions, substrate thickness, angle variation, and refractive index values to reduce simulation time. The effectiveness of the ERT model in predicting absorption values is evaluated using the Adjusted R2 score, which is close to 1.0 for n min = 2, demonstrating the prediction efficiency in various test cases. The experimental results show that 60% of simulation time and resources can be saved by simulating absorber design using the ERT model. The proposed MMA sensor with an ERT model has potential applications in biomedical fields such as bacterial infections, malaria, and other diseases.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	621
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Gene Mutation Classification through Text Evidence Facilitating Cancer Tumour Detection

Meenu Gupta / Hao Wu / Simrann Arora / Akash Gupta / Gopal Chaudhary / Qiaozhi Hua

Journal of Healthcare Engineering, Vol

2021 Volume 2021

Abstract: A cancer tumour consists of thousands of genetic mutations. Even after advancement in technology, the task of distinguishing genetic mutations, which act as driver for the growth of tumour with passengers (Neutral Genetic Mutations), is still being done ... ...

Abstract	A cancer tumour consists of thousands of genetic mutations. Even after advancement in technology, the task of distinguishing genetic mutations, which act as driver for the growth of tumour with passengers (Neutral Genetic Mutations), is still being done manually. This is a time-consuming process where pathologists interpret every genetic mutation from the clinical evidence manually. These clinical shreds of evidence belong to a total of nine classes, but the criterion of classification is still unknown. The main aim of this research is to propose a multiclass classifier to classify the genetic mutations based on clinical evidence (i.e., the text description of these genetic mutations) using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. The dataset for this research is taken from Kaggle and is provided by the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC). The world-class researchers and oncologists contribute the dataset. Three text transformation models, namely, CountVectorizer, TfidfVectorizer, and Word2Vec, are utilized for the conversion of text to a matrix of token counts. Three machine learning classification models, namely, Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), and XGBoost (XGB), along with the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model of deep learning, are applied to the sparse matrix (keywords count representation) of text descriptions. The accuracy score of all the proposed classifiers is evaluated by using the confusion matrix. Finally, the empirical results show that the RNN model of deep learning has performed better than other proposed classifiers with the highest accuracy of 70%.
Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Medical technology ; R855-855.5
Subject code	006
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Using Statistical and Machine Learning Methods to Evaluate the Prognostic Accuracy of SIRS and qSOFA

Akash Gupta / Tieming Liu / Scott Shepherd / William Paiva

Healthcare Informatics Research, Vol 24, Iss 2, Pp 139-

2018 Volume 147

Abstract: ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to compare the performance of two popularly used early sepsis diagnostic criteria, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), using statistical and ... ...

Abstract	ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to compare the performance of two popularly used early sepsis diagnostic criteria, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), using statistical and machine learning approaches.MethodsThis retrospective study examined patient visits in Emergency Department (ED) with sepsis related diagnosis. The outcome was 28-day in-hospital mortality. Using odds ratio (OR) and modeling methods (decision tree [DT], multivariate logistic regression [LR], and naïve Bayes [NB]), the relationships between diagnostic criteria and mortality were examined.ResultsOf 132,704 eligible patient visits, 14% died within 28 days of ED admission. The association of qSOFA ≥2 with mortality (OR = 3.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.96–3.17) greater than the association of SIRS ≥2 with mortality (OR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.18–1.26). The area under the ROC curve for qSOFA (AUROC = 0.70) was significantly greater than for SIRS (AUROC = 0.63). For qSOFA, the sensitivity and specificity were DT = 0.39, LR = 0.64, NB = 0.62 and DT = 0.89, LR = 0.63, NB = 0.66, respectively. For SIRS, the sensitivity and specificity were DT = 0.46, LR = 0.62, NB = 0.62 and DT = 0.70, LR = 0.59, NB = 0.58, respectively.ConclusionsThe evidences suggest that qSOFA is a better diagnostic criteria than SIRS. The low sensitivity of qSOFA can be improved by carefully selecting the threshold to translate the predicted probabilities into labels. These findings can guide healthcare providers in selecting risk-stratification measures for patients presenting to an ED with sepsis.
Keywords	sepsis ; systemic inflammatory response syndrome ; severity of illness index ; medical informatics ; artificial intelligence ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	The Korean Society of Medical Informatics
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Correction

Akash Gupta / Tieming Liu / Scott Shepherd / William Paiva

Healthcare Informatics Research, Vol 24, Iss 3, Pp 250-

Using Statistical and Machine Learning Methods to Evaluate the Prognostic Accuracy of SIRS and qSOFA

2018 Volume 250

Keywords	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	The Korean Society of Medical Informatics
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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