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Article ; Online: A second local dengue fever outbreak: A field experience from Muscat Governorate in Oman, 2022.

Al Balushi, Lamya / Al Kalbani, Maryam / Al Manji, Asim / Amin, Mohammed / Al Balushi, Zainab / Al Barwani, Nada / Al Wahaibi, Adil / Al Manji, Abdullah / Al Kindi, Hanan / Petersen, Eskild / Al Ghafri, Thamra / Al-Abri, Seif

IJID regions

2023 Volume 7, Page(s) 237–241

Abstract: Background: Dengue fever is an infectious disease of global health concern. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and field experience of a locally transmitted outbreak of dengue fever in Muscat Governorate, Oman from mid-March to mid-April 2022, ...

Abstract	Background: Dengue fever is an infectious disease of global health concern. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and field experience of a locally transmitted outbreak of dengue fever in Muscat Governorate, Oman from mid-March to mid-April 2022, and the multi-sectoral approach to control the outbreak. Methods: Data were collected from an electronic e-notification system, active surveillance and contact investigations. Results: Of 250 suspected and probable cases, 169 were confirmed as dengue fever with DENV-2 serotype. Of these, 108 (63.9%) were male and 94 (55.6%) were Omani. The mean age was 39 years (standard deviation 13 years). Fever was the most common symptom and occurred in 100% of cases. Haemorrhagic manifestations occurred in 10% ( Conclusion: Outbreaks are expected to continue, with the possibility of severe cases due to antibody-dependent enhancement. More data are required to understand the genetics, geographical spread and behaviour of
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2772-7076
ISSN (online)	2772-7076
DOI	10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.03.015
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Among Tuberculosis Patients in Muscat, Oman, 2017-2020.

Al Amri, Sumaiya / Singh, Jeffery / Al Balushi, Lamya / Al Ghafri, Thamra / Al Balushi, Mahim Nasser / Al Marbouai, Hanan / Al Dhuhli, Khalid Salim / Al Nairi, Khalid Khalfan / Al Badi, Moza Suliman / Al Mujaini, Sami Mohammad / Abd-Ellatif, Eman Elsayed

Oman medical journal

2023 Volume 38, Issue 4, Page(s) e526

Abstract: Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) are global public health concerns and leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Coinfection is known to complicate TB control and outcomes. However, there is no national study regarding ...

Abstract	Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) are global public health concerns and leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Coinfection is known to complicate TB control and outcomes. However, there is no national study regarding the prevalence of DM among TB patients in Oman. The objective of the current study was to assess the prevalence of DM and its associated factors among TB patients in Muscat, Oman. Methods: We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study using secondary data from the electronic system of the Ministry of Health (Al-Shifa 3+). It includes all adult TB patients in Muscat, from 2017-2020. Sociodemographic data, clinical characteristics, and comorbidities of TB patients were collected. SPSS with 95% CI and Results: Of 426 TB cases, the prevalence of DM was 27.0%. The associated factors of DM were age group 40-54 years (odds ratio (OR) = 9.08, 95% CI: 4.16-19.84) and ≥ 55 years (OR = 11.35, 95% CI: 5.19-24.82), male (OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.45-3.81), being married (OR = 13.18, 95% CI: 4.72-36.84), being employed (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.19-4.47), and Bangladeshi (OR = 7.08, 95% CI: 2.50-20.12) or Indian (OR = 6.14, 95% CI: 2.40-15.70) nationality. The absence of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin scar (OR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.19-3.56), death (OR = 7.08, 95% CI: 1.26-7.82), and cured after TB treatment (OR = 3.02, 95% CI 1.71-5.31) showed significant association. Also, smoking (OR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.81-4.76), drinking alcohol (OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.10-2.91), hypertension (OR = 10.45, 95% CI: 5.29-20.64), heart disease (OR = 8.50, 95% CI: 1.69-42.77), and renal disease (OR = 4.84, 95% CI: 1.71-13.64) contributed to the study's comorbidities. Old age (adjusted OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.72-3.06) and hypertension (adjusted OR = 5.21, 95% CI: 2.28-11.87) were found to be predictors of DM among TB patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of DM among TB patients in Muscat is high. Integrated systematic bidirectional TB-DM screening is needed. Furthermore, special attention is required for associated factors when managing these comorbidities.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-31
Publishing country	Oman
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2571431-4
ISSN	2070-5204 ; 1999-768X
ISSN (online)	2070-5204
ISSN	1999-768X
DOI	10.5001/omj.2023.82
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Importance of Tuberculosis Screening of Resident Visa Applicants in Low TB Incidence Settings: Experience from Oman.

Singh, Jeffrey / Al-Abri, Seif / Petersen, Eskild / Al Yaqoubi, Fatma / Al Rahbi, Khoula / Al Balushi, Lamya / Al Fahdi, Fatma / Al Balushi, Asma / Jawad, Farah Mahmmoud M / Kurup, Padmamohan J

Journal of epidemiology and global health

2022 Volume 12, Issue 3, Page(s) 281–291

Abstract: Introduction: For Oman, a country targeting tuberculosis (TB) elimination, TB among expatriates is a major challenge. Thus, screening for active TB using chest X-ray was made mandatory for expatriates' residency renewals.: Objective: To estimate the ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: For Oman, a country targeting tuberculosis (TB) elimination, TB among expatriates is a major challenge. Thus, screening for active TB using chest X-ray was made mandatory for expatriates' residency renewals. Objective: To estimate the incidence of bacteriologically confirmed TB and assess impact of chest X-ray based TB screening among expatriates in Muscat Governorate. Methods: Applicants for residency and renewals were mandated for chest X-ray-based TB screening in 2018. We collected data of screened subjects with radiological suspicion of TB who were subjected to further bacteriological evaluation. Results: Of 501,290 applicants screened during the study period, 436 (0.09%) had X-ray findings suggestive of TB. Among the 436, TB was confirmed in 53 (12.2%; 95% CI 9.2-15.6), giving an overall prevalence of 10.6 (95% CI 8-13.9) per 100,000 applicants (number needed to be screened 9458). Among renewals, the point prevalence of TB was 10.5 per 100,000 expatriates screened (95% CI 6.9-14.04 per 100,000), with a mean follow-up period of 11.8 years. Conclusion: Our findings are consistent with the recommendation for utilization of chest X-ray as a preferred tool for active case finding in the setting of expatriate screening. Our findings are also suggestive of the need for latent TB screening and ruling out TB prior to latent TB treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Incidence ; Latent Tuberculosis ; Mass Screening ; Oman/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis/prevention & control
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2645324-1
ISSN	2210-6014 ; 2210-6014
ISSN (online)	2210-6014
ISSN	2210-6014
DOI	10.1007/s44197-022-00040-w
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Article: Reporting at Least One Adverse Effect Post-COVID-19 Vaccination From Primary Health Care in Muscat.

Al Ghafri, Thamra S / Al Balushi, Lamya / Al Balushi, Zainab / Al Hinai, Fatma / Al Hasani, Said / Anwar, Huda / Al Lawati, Muna / Al Harthi, Saud

Cureus

2021 Volume 13, Issue 8, Page(s) e17055

Abstract: Introduction Vaccinations against COVID-19 were licensed with limited testing assurances to the public triggering a widespread hesitancy around expected adverse reactions. Limited data was reported from Arabian Gulf countries on vaccine adverse effects. ... ...

Abstract	Introduction Vaccinations against COVID-19 were licensed with limited testing assurances to the public triggering a widespread hesitancy around expected adverse reactions. Limited data was reported from Arabian Gulf countries on vaccine adverse effects. Objectives This study looked at the rate of reporting at least one side effect post-COVID-19 vaccination and its associated factors (sociodemographic characteristics, clinical condition, and type of vaccines). Additionally, questions about safety and willingness to recommend them were included. Study design Phone interviews on post-COVID-19 vaccination adverse effects were utilized to record responses related to reporting at least one side effect post vaccinations across the studied variables. Data collection continued for two months (from 1
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.17055
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Article: Responses to the Pandemic COVID-19 in Primary Health Care in Oman: Muscat Experience.

Al Ghafri, Thamra / Al Ajmi, Fatma / Al Balushi, Lamya / Kurup, Padma Mohan / Al Ghamari, Aysha / Al Balushi, Zainab / Al Fahdi, Fatma / Al Lawati, Huda / Al Hashmi, Salwa / Al Manji, Asim / Al Sharji, Abdallah

Oman medical journal

2021 Volume 36, Issue 1, Page(s) e216

Abstract: Objectives: As coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was pervading different parts of the world, little has been published regarding responses undertaken within primary health care (PHC) facilities in Arabian Gulf countries. This paper describes such responses ...

Abstract	Objectives: As coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was pervading different parts of the world, little has been published regarding responses undertaken within primary health care (PHC) facilities in Arabian Gulf countries. This paper describes such responses from January to mid-April 2020 in PHC, including public health measures in Muscat, Oman. Methods: This is a descriptive study showing the trends of the confirmed positive cases of COVID-19 and the undertaken responses to the evolving epidemiological scenario. These responses were described utilizing the World Health Organizations' building blocks for health care systems: Leadership and governance, Health workforce, Service delivery, Medical products and technologies, and health information management. Results: In mid-April 2020, cases of COVID-19 increased to 685 (particularly among non-nationals). As the cases were surging, the PHC responded by executing all guidelines and policies from the national medical and public health response committees and integrating innovative approaches. These included adapting comprehensive and multi-sectoral strategies, partnering with private establishments, and strengthening technology use (in tracking, testing, managing the cases, and data management). Conclusions: Facilities in the Muscat governorate, with the support from national teams, seemed to continuously scale-up their preparedness and responses to meet the epidemiological expectations in the management of COVID-19.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-24
Publishing country	Oman
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2571431-4
ISSN	2070-5204 ; 1999-768X
ISSN (online)	2070-5204
ISSN	1999-768X
DOI	10.5001/omj.2020.70
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The Experiences and Perceptions of Health-Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Muscat, Oman: A Qualitative Study.

Al Ghafri, Thamra / Al Ajmi, Fatma / Anwar, Huda / Al Balushi, Lamya / Al Balushi, Zainab / Al Fahdi, Fatma / Al Lawati, Anwaar / Al Hashmi, Salwa / Al Ghamari, Aisha / Al Harthi, Mohamed / Kurup, PadmaMohan / Al Lamki, Mustafa / Al Manji, Asim / Al Sharji, Abdallah / Al Harthi, Saud / Gibson, Emma

Journal of primary care & community health

2020 Volume 11, Page(s) 2150132720967514

Abstract: Introduction: Predominantly, studies on COVID-19 report quantitative data that often miss the social implications and other determinants of health. The objective of this study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of health care workers (HCWs) ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Predominantly, studies on COVID-19 report quantitative data that often miss the social implications and other determinants of health. The objective of this study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of health care workers (HCWs) in primary health care in the management of COVID-19 with respect to medical response experiences, socio-cultural and religious reforms, psychological impressions, and lessons learned. Methods: This was a qualitative study using an empirical phenomenological approach. Six focus group discussions were conducted across various stakeholders working frontline in the management of COVID-19 (managerial, public health/field/community and primary care health centers). They participated in semi-structured, in-depth group discussions from 11th to 20th May 2020. All discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Forty participants were involved in this study. Three themes emerged related to the medical response experiences, including the rapid re-structuring of the PHC services, use of technology and challenges of working on COVID-19. Perceptions on the socio-cultural and religious reforms included changes in social and religious norms, and anticipated gaps in accessing health care among the vulnerable groups (elderly, expatriates, and individuals with low economic status). Perceptions on psychological disturbances were themed as consequences of social distancing, management of dead bodies, exhaustion among the health care workers, and risk of exposure. Finally, lessons learned were centered around building on the existing epidemiological and public health capacities, improving access to health care and overcoming resistance to change. Most participants labelled their experience in COVID-19 as an "experience of wisdom" in which learning was a continuous process. Conclusion: This qualitative study amongst primary HCWs revealed certain aspects of response to COVID-19 in Muscat, Oman. Results has unfolded various aspects of COVID-19. The situation was perceived by primary HCWs as a new experience that challenged the primary health care; enforced the utilization of public health/epidemiological skills, and linked to unfavorable socio-religious and psychological events.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/therapy ; Female ; Focus Groups ; Health Personnel/psychology ; Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oman/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/therapy ; Primary Health Care/organization & administration ; Qualitative Research
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2550221-9
ISSN	2150-1327 ; 2150-1319
ISSN (online)	2150-1327
ISSN	2150-1319
DOI	10.1177/2150132720967514
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: The Experiences and Perceptions of Health-Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Muscat, Oman: A Qualitative Study

J Prim Care Community Health

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Predominantly, studies on COVID-19 report quantitative data that often miss the social implications and other determinants of health. The objective of this study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of health care workers (HCWs) ... ...

Abstract	INTRODUCTION: Predominantly, studies on COVID-19 report quantitative data that often miss the social implications and other determinants of health. The objective of this study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of health care workers (HCWs) in primary health care in the management of COVID-19 with respect to medical response experiences, socio-cultural and religious reforms, psychological impressions, and lessons learned. METHODS: This was a qualitative study using an empirical phenomenological approach. Six focus group discussions were conducted across various stakeholders working frontline in the management of COVID-19 (managerial, public health/field/community and primary care health centers). They participated in semi-structured, in-depth group discussions from 11th to 20th May 2020. All discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Forty participants were involved in this study. Three themes emerged related to the medical response experiences, including the rapid re-structuring of the PHC services, use of technology and challenges of working on COVID-19. Perceptions on the socio-cultural and religious reforms included changes in social and religious norms, and anticipated gaps in accessing health care among the vulnerable groups (elderly, expatriates, and individuals with low economic status). Perceptions on psychological disturbances were themed as consequences of social distancing, management of dead bodies, exhaustion among the health care workers, and risk of exposure. Finally, lessons learned were centered around building on the existing epidemiological and public health capacities, improving access to health care and overcoming resistance to change. Most participants labelled their experience in COVID-19 as an "experience of wisdom" in which learning was a continuous process. CONCLUSION: This qualitative study amongst primary HCWs revealed certain aspects of response to COVID-19 in Muscat, Oman. Results has unfolded various aspects of COVID-19. The situation was perceived by primary HCWs as a new experience that challenged the primary health care; enforced the utilization of public health/epidemiological skills, and linked to unfavorable socio-religious and psychological events.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #890050
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: The Experiences and Perceptions of Health-Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Muscat, Oman

Journal of Primary Care & Community Health

A Qualitative Study

2020 Volume 11, Page(s) 215013272096751

Abstract: Introduction Predominantly, studies on COVID-19 report quantitative data that often miss the social implications and other determinants of health. The objective of this study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of health care workers (HCWs) in ...

Abstract	Introduction Predominantly, studies on COVID-19 report quantitative data that often miss the social implications and other determinants of health. The objective of this study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of health care workers (HCWs) in primary health care in the management of COVID-19 with respect to medical response experiences, socio-cultural and religious reforms, psychological impressions, and lessons learned. Methods This was a qualitative study using an empirical phenomenological approach. Six focus group discussions were conducted across various stakeholders working frontline in the management of COVID-19 (managerial, public health/field/community and primary care health centers). They participated in semi-structured, in-depth group discussions from 11th to 20th May 2020. All discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Forty participants were involved in this study. Three themes emerged related to the medical response experiences, including the rapid re-structuring of the PHC services, use of technology and challenges of working on COVID-19. Perceptions on the socio-cultural and religious reforms included changes in social and religious norms, and anticipated gaps in accessing health care among the vulnerable groups (elderly, expatriates, and individuals with low economic status). Perceptions on psychological disturbances were themed as consequences of social distancing, management of dead bodies, exhaustion among the health care workers, and risk of exposure. Finally, lessons learned were centered around building on the existing epidemiological and public health capacities, improving access to health care and overcoming resistance to change. Most participants labelled their experience in COVID-19 as an “experience of wisdom” in which learning was a continuous process. Conclusion This qualitative study amongst primary HCWs revealed certain aspects of response to COVID-19 in Muscat, Oman. Results has unfolded various aspects of COVID-19. The situation was perceived by primary HCWs as a new experience that challenged the primary health care; enforced the utilization of public health/epidemiological skills, and linked to unfavorable socio-religious and psychological events.
Keywords	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ; Community and Home Care ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	SAGE Publications
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2550221-9
ISSN	2150-1327 ; 2150-1319
ISSN (online)	2150-1327
ISSN	2150-1319
DOI	10.1177/2150132720967514
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A second local dengue fever outbreak: A field experience from Muscat Governorate in Oman, 2022.

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Article: Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Among Tuberculosis Patients in Muscat, Oman, 2017-2020.

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Article ; Online: Importance of Tuberculosis Screening of Resident Visa Applicants in Low TB Incidence Settings: Experience from Oman.

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Article: Reporting at Least One Adverse Effect Post-COVID-19 Vaccination From Primary Health Care in Muscat.

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Article: Responses to the Pandemic COVID-19 in Primary Health Care in Oman: Muscat Experience.

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Article ; Online: The Experiences and Perceptions of Health-Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Muscat, Oman: A Qualitative Study.

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Article: The Experiences and Perceptions of Health-Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Muscat, Oman: A Qualitative Study

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Article ; Online: The Experiences and Perceptions of Health-Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Muscat, Oman

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