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  1. Article ; Online: Prevalence and association of hyperuricemia with liver function in Saudi Arabia: a large cross-sectional study.

    Almuqrin, Abdulaziz / Alshuweishi, Yazeed Abdullah / Alfaifi, Mohammed / Daghistani, Hussam / Al-Sheikh, Yazeed A / Alfhili, Mohammad A

    Annals of Saudi medicine

    2024  Volume 44, Issue 1, Page(s) 18–25

    Abstract: Background: Hyperuricemia is linked to an increased risk of various chronic diseases, but data on the prevalence and association of hyperuricemia with liver function in Saudi Arabia are scarce.: Objectives: Evaluate the prevalence, association, and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Hyperuricemia is linked to an increased risk of various chronic diseases, but data on the prevalence and association of hyperuricemia with liver function in Saudi Arabia are scarce.
    Objectives: Evaluate the prevalence, association, and risk measures of hyperuricemia and liver function in the Saudi population.
    Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional analysis.
    Setting: Database on large portion of Saudi population.
    Patients and methods: Laboratory data, age, and gender of the studied subjects were collected from Al Borg Diagnostics. Subjects were stratified, based on their uric acid (UA) levels, into three groups: hypouricemic, normouricemic, and hyperuricemic. The association of UA with liver enzymes was examined in all three groups.
    Main outcome measures: Association of serum UA levels with alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin (TB).
    Sample size: 13 314 subjects.
    Results: Our study showed that the prevalence of hyperuricemia in the Saudi population is 17.3% (20.3% in males and 15.1% in females). We also found a positive correlation between ALT, AST, and TB with UA levels. The risk of being hyperuricemic was significantly increased in individuals with elevated ALT, AST, and TB. Individuals with elevated ALT, AST, and total TB had a higher chance of having hyperuricemia than those with normal activity. Notably, ALT, AST, and TB had good discriminating capacity for hyperuricemia.
    Conclusions: Hyperuricemia is highly prevalent in the Saudi population and is associated with compromised liver function. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these findings in large prospective cohort studies in different populations.
    Limitations: Lack of data on other potential confounding variables.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Female ; Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Hyperuricemia/epidemiology ; Hyperuricemia/complications ; Saudi Arabia/epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Alanine Transaminase ; Liver
    Chemical Substances Alanine Transaminase (EC 2.6.1.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01
    Publishing country Saudi Arabia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639014-6
    ISSN 0975-4466 ; 0256-4947
    ISSN (online) 0975-4466
    ISSN 0256-4947
    DOI 10.5144/0256-4947.2024.18
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: A Retrospective Analysis of the Association of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) with Anemia in the Saudi Population.

    Alshuweishi, Yazeed / Alfaifi, Mohammed / Almoghrabi, Yousef / Al-Sheikh, Yazeed A / Alfhili, Mohammad A

    Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

    2023  Volume 59, Issue 9

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Background
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2188113-3
    ISSN 1648-9144 ; 1010-660X
    ISSN (online) 1648-9144
    ISSN 1010-660X
    DOI 10.3390/medicina59091592
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Blood indices of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids are altered in hyperglycemia.

    Alfhili, Mohammad A / Alsughayyir, Jawaher / Basudan, Ahmed / Alfaifi, Mohammed / Awan, Zuhier A / Algethami, Mohammed R / Al-Sheikh, Yazeed A

    Saudi journal of biological sciences

    2023  Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 103577

    Abstract: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may favorably influence the risk and clinical course of diabetes mellitus (DM). In particular, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid (AA) alleviate oxidative injury and insulin ... ...

    Abstract Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may favorably influence the risk and clinical course of diabetes mellitus (DM). In particular, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid (AA) alleviate oxidative injury and insulin resistance characteristic of DM. Uncertainty still remains, however, as to the composition and proportions of blood PUFAs in relation to fasting blood glucose levels. This study, thus, aims to examine the patterns of blood PUFA indices in normoglycemic (NG) and hyperglycemic (HG) Saudi subjects. Age, gender, FA profiles, and laboratory records of 143 subjects collected from September 2014 to March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Means, prevalence rates, associations, risk measures, and the diagnostic accuracy of PUFAs were determined. HG subjects had significantly lower AA (0.70%, 95% CI: 0.59-0.80%
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-27
    Publishing country Saudi Arabia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2515206-3
    ISSN 2213-7106 ; 1319-562X
    ISSN (online) 2213-7106
    ISSN 1319-562X
    DOI 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103577
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Inflammatory Cytokines, Redox Status, and Cardiovascular Diseases Risk after Weight Loss via Bariatric Surgery and Lifestyle Intervention.

    Abulmeaty, Mahmoud M A / Ghneim, Hazem K / Alkhathaami, Abdulaziz / Alnumair, Khalid / Al Zaben, Mohamed / Razak, Suhail / Al-Sheikh, Yazeed A

    Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

    2023  Volume 59, Issue 4

    Abstract: Background and ... ...

    Abstract Background and Objectives
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Obesity, Morbid/surgery ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Cytokines ; Bariatric Surgery ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/surgery ; Weight Loss ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Life Style ; Retrospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Cytokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2188113-3
    ISSN 1648-9144 ; 1010-660X
    ISSN (online) 1648-9144
    ISSN 1010-660X
    DOI 10.3390/medicina59040751
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  5. Article ; Online: Comprehensive analysis of different solvent extracts of Ferula communis L. fruit reveals phenolic compounds and their biological properties via in vitro and in silico assays.

    Nouioura, Ghizlane / El Fadili, Mohamed / El Barnossi, Azeddin / Loukili, El Hassania / Laaroussi, Hassan / Bouhrim, Mohammed / Giesy, John P / Aboul-Soud, Mourad A M / Al-Sheikh, Yazeed A / Lyoussi, Badiaa / Derwich, El Houssine

    Scientific reports

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 8325

    Abstract: Although giant fennel is recognized as a "superfood" rich in phytochemicals with antioxidant activity, research into the antibacterial properties of its fruits has been relatively limited, compared to studies involving the root and aerial parts of the ... ...

    Abstract Although giant fennel is recognized as a "superfood" rich in phytochemicals with antioxidant activity, research into the antibacterial properties of its fruits has been relatively limited, compared to studies involving the root and aerial parts of the plant. In this study, seven solvents-acetone, methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, water, and hexane-were used to extract the chemical constituents of the fruit of giant fennel (Ferula communis), a species of flowering plant in the carrot family Apiaceae. Specific attributes of these extracts were investigated using in silico simulations and in vitro bioassays. High-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) identified 15 compounds in giant fennel extract, with p-coumaric acid, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, sinapic acid, and syringic acid being dominant. Among the solvents tested, ethanol demonstrated superior antioxidant activity and phenolic and flavonoid contents. F. communis extracts showed advanced inhibition of gram-negative pathogens (Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis) and variable antifungal activity against tested strains. Molecular docking simulations assessed the antioxidative, antibacterial, and antifungal properties of F. communis, facilitating innovative therapeutic development through predicted compound-protein interactions. In conclusion, the results validate the ethnomedicinal use and potential of F. communis. This highlights its significance in natural product research and ethnopharmacology.
    MeSH term(s) Solvents/chemistry ; Fruit/chemistry ; Ferula ; Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Antioxidants/chemistry ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Ethanol/analysis
    Chemical Substances Solvents ; Antifungal Agents ; Plant Extracts ; Antioxidants ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-59087-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The Status of Biochemical and Molecular Markers of Oxidative Stress in Preeclamptic Saudi Patients.

    Al-Sheikh, Yazeed A / Al-Zahrani, Khaled Y

    Current molecular medicine

    2019  Volume 18, Issue 7, Page(s) 475–485

    Abstract: Purpose: In the light of contradictory results and paucity of information, this comprehensive study examines the activities and levels of key antioxidants and oxidants/pro-oxidants in preeclamptic patients.: Methods: Antioxidants including ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: In the light of contradictory results and paucity of information, this comprehensive study examines the activities and levels of key antioxidants and oxidants/pro-oxidants in preeclamptic patients.
    Methods: Antioxidants including glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, selenium, zinc, copper and manganese, as well as marker oxidants/pro-oxidants including hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anions, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyls and oxidized glutathione were determined in plasma and placental tissues of nonpregnant, healthy pregnant and preeclamptic subjects.
    Results: Data indicated that all plasma antioxidants underwent moderate but significant decreases (p< 0.05) in healthy pregnant women, , and much more significant ones (p< 0.0001) in preeclamptic patients, when both were compared to non-pregnant subjects. Furthermore, whereas all plasma antioxidants underwent significant decreases (p< 0.001) in preeclamptic patients compared to healthy pregnant subjects, their placental activities and levels were very significantly decreased (p< 0.0001). However, copper plasma and placental levels were unchanged in all study groups. In contrast, there were increases similar in magnitude and significance of all plasma and placental oxidants/prooxidants compared among the three study groups leading to equally significant decreases in the reduced/oxidized glutathione ratios. In addition, gene transcripts of all antioxidant enzymes underwent marked downregulation (p< 0.0001) in placental tissue of preeclamptic patients compared to healthy pregnant subjects.
    Conclusion: Data indicated a metabolic shift in favor of oxidative stress more pronounced in placental tissue of preeclamptic patients compared to healthy pregnant/non-pregnant subjects. We postulate that selenium, zinc and manganese supplements could be beneficial for alleviation of the noted oxidative stress in preeclamptic patients.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Biomarkers/blood ; Female ; Glutathione/blood ; Humans ; Oxidative Stress ; Placenta/metabolism ; Placenta/pathology ; Pre-Eclampsia/blood ; Pre-Eclampsia/pathology ; Pregnancy ; Saudi Arabia
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Biomarkers ; Glutathione (GAN16C9B8O)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-04
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2064873-X
    ISSN 1875-5666 ; 1566-5240
    ISSN (online) 1875-5666
    ISSN 1566-5240
    DOI 10.2174/1566524019666190104105843
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Green synthesis of Kickxia elatine-induced silver nanoparticles and their role as anti-acetylcholinesterase in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

    Huda Noor Ul / Ghneim Hazem K. / Fozia Fozia / Ahmed Mushtaq / Mushtaq Nadia / Sher Naila / Khan Rahmat Ali / Ahmad Ijaz / Al-Sheikh Yazeed A. / Giesy John P. / Aboul-Soud Mourad A. M.

    Green Processing and Synthesis, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp e6950-

    2023  Volume 23

    Abstract: The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by the green method is favored as compared to chemical synthesis due to their appreciable properties of less toxicity and simple synthesis. The current study designed the biosynthesis of AgNPs in one step by ... ...

    Abstract The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by the green method is favored as compared to chemical synthesis due to their appreciable properties of less toxicity and simple synthesis. The current study designed the biosynthesis of AgNPs in one step by using the plant Kickxia elatine (KE) extract and then investigated its inhibiting activity against rat’s brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) ex vivo. Ultraviolet spectrum at 416 nm confirmed the formation of AgNPs. X-ray diffractometer calculated size was reported to be 42.47 nm. The SEM analysis confirmed spherical-shaped AgNPs. FT-IR suggested that the phytochemical groups present in the KE extract and their nanoparticles (NPs) are responsible for the biosynthesized of NPs. EDX analysis presented that Ag was the chief element with 61.67%. Both KE extract and AgNPs showed significant anti-AChE activity at 175 µg·mL−1. Statistical analysis showed that both KE and AgNPs exhibited non-competitive type inhibition against AChE, i.e. V max decreased (34.17–68.64% and 22.29–62.10%), while K m values remained constant. It is concluded that KE and AgNPs can be considered an inhibitor of rats’ brain AChE. Furthermore, the synthesis of AgNP-based drugs can be used as a cheaper and alternative option against diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.
    Keywords kickxia elatine ; agnps ; brain homogenate ; acetylcholinesterase ; kinetics ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 540
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher De Gruyter
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Comprehensive investigations of key mitochondrial metabolic changes in senescent human fibroblasts.

    Ghneim, Hazem K / Alfhili, Mohammad A / Alharbi, Sami O / Alhusayni, Shady M / Abudawood, Manal / Aljaser, Feda S / Al-Sheikh, Yazeed A

    The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology : official journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology

    2022  Volume 26, Issue 4, Page(s) 263–275

    Abstract: There is a paucity of detailed data related to the effect of senescence on the mitochondrial antioxidant capacity and redox state of senescent human cells. Activities of TCA cycle enzymes, respiratory chain complexes, hydrogen peroxide ( ... ...

    Abstract There is a paucity of detailed data related to the effect of senescence on the mitochondrial antioxidant capacity and redox state of senescent human cells. Activities of TCA cycle enzymes, respiratory chain complexes, hydrogen peroxide (H
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-29
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1387595-4
    ISSN 2093-3827 ; 1226-4512
    ISSN (online) 2093-3827
    ISSN 1226-4512
    DOI 10.4196/kjpp.2022.26.4.263
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  9. Article: Biochemical and molecular assessment of selenium forms for the alleviation of oxidative stress in senescent human fibroblasts.

    Ghneim, Hazem K / Alfhili, Mohammad A / Alharbi, Sami O / Alhusayni, Shady M / Abudawood, Manal / Al-Sheikh, Yazeed A

    General physiology and biophysics

    2022  Volume 41, Issue 4, Page(s) 309–318

    Abstract: Selenium enhances the cellular antioxidant capacity and alleviates oxidative stress. We investigated the transcriptional and enzymatic activities of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase 1 and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1), and levels of ... ...

    Abstract Selenium enhances the cellular antioxidant capacity and alleviates oxidative stress. We investigated the transcriptional and enzymatic activities of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase 1 and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1), and levels of glutathione, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxides, and protein carbonyls in primary passage 5 (P5) and senescent passage 25 (P25) and 30 (P30) fibroblasts. Cells were incubated in either standard Dulbecco growth medium (CM1) containing normal plasma selenium levels (0.8 μmol/l), or in CM2, CM3, and CM4 containing 3 μmol/l (5 μmol/l for TrxR1) sodium selenite, L-hydroxyselenomethionine, or Se-methylselenocysteine, respectively. Gene transcripts and activities of both investigated enzymes as well as the levels of reduced glutathione were significantly increased in CM2-, CM3-, and CM4-incubated senescent P25 and P35 cells compared against those incubated in CM1. In congruence, although all oxidative stress parameters including oxidized glutathione were significantly lower in CM2-, CM3-, and CM4-incubated senescent cells compared against those incubated in CM1, such reductions were of significantly higher magnitude in CM3 and CM4 cells compared against those in CM2. In conclusion, organic L-hydroxyselenomethionine and Se-methylselenocysteine are equally more potent at alleviating oxidative stress in senescent cells than inorganic sodium selenite, and thus could be beneficial for use in elderly subjects and those with oxidative stress-associated disease.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Fibroblasts ; Glutathione/metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase/genetics ; Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism ; Humans ; Oxidative Stress ; Selenium/pharmacology ; Sodium Selenite/pharmacology ; Thioredoxin Reductase 1/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Glutathione Peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) ; Thioredoxin Reductase 1 (EC 1.8.1.9) ; Glutathione (GAN16C9B8O) ; Selenium (H6241UJ22B) ; Sodium Selenite (HIW548RQ3W)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-08
    Publishing country Slovakia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 791184-1
    ISSN 0231-5882
    ISSN 0231-5882
    DOI 10.4149/gpb_2022024
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  10. Article: Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio and Dysglycemia: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study of the Saudi Population.

    Alfhili, Mohammad A / Alsughayyir, Jawaher / Basudan, Ahmed M / Alsubki, Roua / Alqahtani, Saleh / Awan, Zuhier A / Algethami, Mohammed R / Al-Sheikh, Yazeed A

    Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 10, Issue 11

    Abstract: Background: Abnormalities in fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting in hypoglycemia (OG), impaired fasting glycemia (IFG), or hyperglycemia (HG) arise from disordered metabolic regulation caused in part by inflammation. To date, there is a dearth of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Abnormalities in fasting blood glucose (FBG) resulting in hypoglycemia (OG), impaired fasting glycemia (IFG), or hyperglycemia (HG) arise from disordered metabolic regulation caused in part by inflammation. To date, there is a dearth of evidence regarding the clinical utility of the monocyte−lymphocyte ratio (MLR), an emerging inflammatory index, in the management of dysglycemia. Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study explored MLR fluctuations as a function of glycemic control in 14,173 Saudi subjects. Data collected from 11 August 2014 to 18 July 2020 were retrieved from Al-Borg Medical Laboratories. Medians were compared by Mann−Whitney U or Kruskal−Wallis tests and the prevalence, relative risk (RR), and odds ratio (OR) were calculated. Results: MLR was significantly elevated in IFG (p < 0.0001) and HG (p < 0.05) groups compared to the normoglycemia (NG) group, and individuals with elevated MLR (>0.191) had significantly increased FBG (p < 0.001). The risk of IFG (RR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.06−1.19, p < 0.0002) and HG (RR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01−1.20, p < 0.0216) was significantly increased if MLR was elevated, and individuals with elevated MLR were 1.17 times more likely to have IFG (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.08−1.26, p < 0.0002) and 1.13 times more likely to have HG (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.02−1.24, p < 0.0216). Conclusion: Elevated MLR is correlated with and carries a greater risk for IFG and HG. However, large prospective cohort studies are needed to establish the temporal relationship between MLR and FBG and to examine the prognostic value of this novel marker.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2721009-1
    ISSN 2227-9032
    ISSN 2227-9032
    DOI 10.3390/healthcare10112289
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