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Article: Unusual increase of cesarean section delivery in Bangladesh: correspondence.

Jamil, Safayet / Obaidullah, Md / Alam, Morshed

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)

2023 Volume 85, Issue 5, Page(s) 2242

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2745440-X
ISSN	2049-0801
ISSN	2049-0801
DOI	10.1097/MS9.0000000000000488
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Article ; Online: STRETCHing HIV treatment: A replication study of task shifting in South Africa.

Chen, Baojiang / Alam, Morshed

PloS one

2019 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) e0206677

Abstract: The Streamlining Tasks & Roles to Expand Treatment and Care for HIV (STRETCH) program was developed to increase the reach of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV/AIDS patients in Sub-Saharan Africa by training nurses to prescribe, initiate, and maintain ... ...

Abstract	The Streamlining Tasks & Roles to Expand Treatment and Care for HIV (STRETCH) program was developed to increase the reach of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV/AIDS patients in Sub-Saharan Africa by training nurses to prescribe, initiate, and maintain ART. Fairall and colleagues conducted a cluster-randomized trial to determine the effects/impact of STRETCH on patient health outcomes in South Africa between 2008 and 2010. The purpose of our replication study is to evaluate Fairall and colleagues' findings. We conducted push button and pure replication studies and measurement and estimation analyses (MEA). Our MEA validates the original findings: (1) overall, time to death did not differ between intervention (STRETCH) and control (ART) patients; (2) in a subgroup analysis of patients with CD4 counts of 201-350 cells per μL, the intervention group patients had a 30% lower risk of death than those in the control group, when controlling for baseline characteristics; (3) in a subgroup analysis of patients with CD4 counts of ≤200 cells per μL, time to death did not differ between the two groups; and (4) rates of viral suppression one year after enrollment did not differ between the intervention and control groups. This set of results have more caveats in the MEA. Although the intervention did not lead to improvements in the main outcomes, the effectiveness of STRETCH was proven to be similar to standard care while increasing the pool of prescribers, expanding their geographical range, and improving the quality of care for patients. Therefore, our analyses support the implementation of task shifting of antiretroviral therapy from doctors to trained nurses, which enhances confidence in the implementation of the intervention program and policymaking not only in South Africa but also in other developing countries that have similar circumstances.
MeSH term(s)	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/blood ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology ; Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage ; CD4 Lymphocyte Count ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; South Africa/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Anti-HIV Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0206677
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Article: Predictors of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Reyaz, Ibrahim / Wei, Calvin R / Rawat, Anurag / Nathaniel, Eemaz / Alam, Morshed / Tarboush, Abdullah / Bseiso, Omair / Ali, Neelum

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 11, Page(s) e48609

Abstract: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) refers to the abrupt stoppage of the heart's mechanical activity, primarily triggered by coronary artery disease. OHCA represents a significant global cause of death. The aim of this study was to assess the ... ...

Abstract	Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) refers to the abrupt stoppage of the heart's mechanical activity, primarily triggered by coronary artery disease. OHCA represents a significant global cause of death. The aim of this study was to assess the predictors of OHCA in patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This meta-analysis was conducted following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Two investigators performed a comprehensive search of online databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, from their inception to October 15, 2023. Keywords such as "predictors," "out-of-hospital cardiac arrest," and "acute coronary syndrome" were used to identify relevant articles. To enhance the search, synonyms and their corresponding Medical Subject Heading terms were included. A total of six studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest was 4% (95% confidence interval, 3%-5%). The current meta-analysis reports that age, gender, having multivessel disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and having ST-elevation myocardial infarction were some of the significant factors associated with OHCA in patients hospitalized with ACS.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.48609
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Article: Meta-Analysis on the Impact of Inflammatory Rheumatological Conditions on Outcomes Following Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Omer, Marah M / Alam, Morshed / Rawat, Anurag / Lakhdhir, Fahad / Alhneif, Mohammad / Rabadia, Dhaval / Wei, Calvin R / Hirani, Shamsha

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 11, Page(s) e49376

Abstract: Inflammatory rheumatological conditions, also known as inflammatory rheumatic conditions (IRC), constitute a category of autoimmune and inflammatory ailments primarily affecting the musculoskeletal system, encompassing the joints, muscles, and connective ...

Abstract	Inflammatory rheumatological conditions, also known as inflammatory rheumatic conditions (IRC), constitute a category of autoimmune and inflammatory ailments primarily affecting the musculoskeletal system, encompassing the joints, muscles, and connective tissues. The objective of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the impact of inflammatory rheumatological conditions (IRC) on post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) outcomes. This study was performed as per the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched by two authors without any language constraints from January 1, 2015, to October 15, 2023. The primary outcome assessed in this meta-analysis was all-cause mortality. Other outcomes included myocardial infarction and revascularization. A total of 11 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The risk of all-cause mortality was significantly higher in patients with IRC compared to non-IRC patients (RR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.26, p-value: 0.04). There is a significantly higher risk of myocardial infarction and revascularization in patients with IRC as opposed to those without IRC. Furthermore, while there was a higher risk of stroke in the IRC group compared to the non-IRC group, this disparity did not reach statistical significance. Future research should focus on specific inflammatory rheumatoid conditions, a comprehensive evaluation of cardiovascular events, and targeted interventions to enhance patient outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.49376
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Article ; Online: Discrimination and social exclusion of third-gender population (Hijra) in Bangladesh: A brief review

Al-Mamun, Md / Hossain, Md. Jamal / Alam, Morshed / Parvez, Md. Shahin / Dhar, Bablu Kumar / Isalāma, Moḥ. Rabiula

Heliyon. 2022 Oct., v. 8, no. 10 p.e10840-

2022

Abstract: The Hijra community is marginalized in social, political, and economic life and especially stigmatized in society. It is their birthright to make use of society's opportunities and amenities. This overview aimed to summarize the stigma, prejudice, ... ...

Abstract	The Hijra community is marginalized in social, political, and economic life and especially stigmatized in society. It is their birthright to make use of society's opportunities and amenities. This overview aimed to summarize the stigma, prejudice, exclusions, and discriminatory attitudes toward third-gender populations (Hijra) in Bangladesh from the mainstream society based on a critical assessment of available data and evidence. The paper also explored the socio-economic situation of the third-gender community in Bangladesh regarding income, education, health, housing, social relations, and outcome through a critical literature review. Here, we have highlighted the magnitudes of social exclusion that the Hijra minority group in Bangladesh experiences. The Hijra in Bangladesh faces severe mistreatment due to socio-cultural norms. This minority group suffers from extreme social, cultural, political, and economic exclusion in Bangladesh. Their livelihood is different than other communities in the society. The primary source of income for hijras in Bangladesh is begging and prostitution. They have no access within civil society, even in times of recreational and marital practices. People are unreasonably afraid of their presence in public places. Apart from that, they are physically and psychologically abused and deprived of appropriate medical and civil support. Hijras are deprived of government facilities and are accustomed to miserable lifestyles in Bangladesh. They are the most vulnerable and disadvantaged minority as they lack access to quality services, health care, and employment opportunities. Social recognition and financial independence may be the first step to alleviating discrimination toward the third-gender population. Government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) should be concerned about ensuring the rights of the Hijra community must be protected.
Keywords	education ; employment ; health services ; income ; livelihood ; minorities (people) ; politics ; society ; socioeconomics ; stigma ; Bangladesh ; Hijra community ; Third gender ; Prejudice ; Discriminatory attitudes ; COVID-19 pandemic
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-10
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Pre-press version ; Use and reproduction
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10840
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: The impact of immunotherapy on the survival of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients who do not receive definitive surgery of the tumor.

Amin, Saber / Baine, Michael / Meza, Jane / Alam, Morshed / Lin, Chi

Clinical and translational radiation oncology

2020 Volume 24, Page(s) 34–40

Abstract: Background and purpose: Immunotherapy has shown great efficacy in many cancers, but its role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of immunotherapy on the overall survival ... ...

Abstract	Background and purpose: Immunotherapy has shown great efficacy in many cancers, but its role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of immunotherapy on the overall survival of PDAC patients who did not receive definitive surgery of the pancreatic primary tumor site using the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Materials and methods: Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who did not receive surgery were identified from NCDB. Cox proportional hazard models were employed to assess the impact of immunotherapy on survival after adjusting for age at diagnosis, race, sex, place of living, income, education, treatment facility type, insurance status, year of diagnosis, and treatment types such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Results: Of 263,886 patients who were analyzed, 911 (0.35%) received immunotherapy. Among patients who received chemotherapy (101,546), and chemoradiation (30,226) therapy, 555/101,546 (0.55%) received chemotherapy plus immunotherapy, and 299/3,022 (9.9%) received chemoradiation plus immunotherapy. In a multivariable analysis adjusted for the factors mentioned above, immunotherapy was associated with significantly improved OS (HR: 0.866 (0.800-0.937); P < 0.001) compared to no immunotherapy. Chemotherapy plus immunotherapy was significantly associated with improved OS (HR: 0.848 (0.766-0.938); P < 0.001) compared to chemotherapy without immunotherapy. Further, chemoradiation plus immunotherapy was associated with significantly improved OS (HR: 0.813 (0.707-0.936); P < 0.001) compared to chemoradiation alone. Conclusion: In this study, the addition of immunotherapy to chemotherapy and chemoradiation therapy was associated with significantly improved OS in PDAC patients without definitive surgery. The study warrants future clinical trials of immunotherapy in PDAC.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-07
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2405-6308
ISSN (online)	2405-6308
DOI	10.1016/j.ctro.2020.06.003
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The impact of immunotherapy on the survival of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients who received definitive surgery of the pancreatic tumor: a retrospective analysis of the National Cancer Database.

Amin, Saber / Baine, Michael / Meza, Jane / Alam, Morshed / Lin, Chi

Radiation oncology (London, England)

2020 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 139

Abstract: Background: Immunotherapy has paved the way for new therapeutic opportunities in cancer but has failed to show any efficacy in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and its therapeutic role remains unclear. The objective of this study is to examine the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Immunotherapy has paved the way for new therapeutic opportunities in cancer but has failed to show any efficacy in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and its therapeutic role remains unclear. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy, RT, and chemoradiation on the overall survival (OS) of PDAC patients who received definitive surgery of the tumor using the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Methods: Patients with PDAC who received definitive surgery of the pancreatic tumor and were diagnosed between 2004 and 2016 from the NCDB were identified. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to assess the survival difference between patients who received chemotherapy plus immunotherapy and chemoradiation therapy plus immunotherapy and their counterparts who only receive these treatments without immunotherapy. The multivariable analysis was adjusted for age of diagnosis, race, sex, place of living, income, education, treatment facility type, insurance status, year of diagnosis, and treatment types such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Results: In total, 63,154 PDAC patients who received definitive surgery of the tumor were included in the analysis. Among the 63,154 patients, 636 (1.01%) received immunotherapy. Among patients who received chemotherapy (21,355), and chemoradiation (21,875), 157/21,355 (0.74%) received chemotherapy plus immunotherapy, and 451/21,875 (2.06%) received chemoradiation plus immunotherapy. Patients who received chemoradiation plus immunotherapy had significantly improved median OS compared to patients who only received chemoradiation with an absolute median OS benefit of 5.7 [29.31 vs. 23.66, p < 0.0001] months. In the multivariable analysis, patients who received immunotherapy had significantly improved OS compared to patients who did not receive immunotherapy (HR: 0.900; CI: 0.814-0.995; P < 0.039). Patients who received chemoradiation plus immunotherapy had significantly improved OS compared to their counterparts who only received chemoradiation without immunotherapy (HR: 0.852 CI: 0.757-0.958; P < 0.008). Conclusions: In this study, the addition of immunotherapy to chemoradiation therapy was associated with significantly improved OS in PDAC patients who received definitive surgery. The study warrants further future clinical trials of immunotherapy in PDAC.
MeSH term(s)	Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy ; Adenocarcinoma/mortality ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant/methods ; Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant/mortality ; Combined Modality Therapy/methods ; Combined Modality Therapy/mortality ; Female ; Humans ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Immunotherapy/mortality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatectomy/methods ; Pancreatectomy/mortality ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult ; Pancreatic Neoplasms
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2224965-5
ISSN	1748-717X ; 1748-717X
ISSN (online)	1748-717X
ISSN	1748-717X
DOI	10.1186/s13014-020-01569-5
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Article: Discrimination and social exclusion of third-gender population (Hijra) in Bangladesh: A brief review.

Al-Mamun, Md / Hossain, Md Jamal / Alam, Morshed / Parvez, Md Shahin / Dhar, Bablu Kumar / Islam, Md Rabiul

Heliyon

2022 Volume 8, Issue 10, Page(s) e10840

Abstract	The Hijra community is marginalized in social, political, and economic life and especially stigmatized in society. It is their birthright to make use of society's opportunities and amenities. This overview aimed to summarize the stigma, prejudice, exclusions, and discriminatory attitudes toward third-gender populations (Hijra) in Bangladesh from the mainstream society based on a critical assessment of available data and evidence. The paper also explored the socio-economic situation of the third-gender community in Bangladesh regarding income, education, health, housing, social relations, and outcome through a critical literature review. Here, we have highlighted the magnitudes of social exclusion that the Hijra minority group in Bangladesh experiences. The Hijra in Bangladesh faces severe mistreatment due to socio-cultural norms. This minority group suffers from extreme social, cultural, political, and economic exclusion in Bangladesh. Their livelihood is different than other communities in the society. The primary source of income for hijras in Bangladesh is begging and prostitution. They have no access within civil society, even in times of recreational and marital practices. People are unreasonably afraid of their presence in public places. Apart from that, they are physically and psychologically abused and deprived of appropriate medical and civil support. Hijras are deprived of government facilities and are accustomed to miserable lifestyles in Bangladesh. They are the most vulnerable and disadvantaged minority as they lack access to quality services, health care, and employment opportunities. Social recognition and financial independence may be the first step to alleviating discrimination toward the third-gender population. Government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) should be concerned about ensuring the rights of the Hijra community must be protected.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10840
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Article ; Online: Child drownings in Bangladesh: need for action.

Hossain, Md Jamal / Al-Mamun, Md / Alam, Morshed / Khatun, Mst Rukaia / Sarker, Md Moklesur Rahman / Islam, Md Rabiul

BMJ paediatrics open

2022 Volume 6, Issue 1

Abstract: Drowning is one of the major public health concerns, and children are the most vulnerable victims of drowning death in Bangladesh, which has been a paramount threat to child survival. Based on available data, we intend to underline the prevalence and ... ...

Abstract	Drowning is one of the major public health concerns, and children are the most vulnerable victims of drowning death in Bangladesh, which has been a paramount threat to child survival. Based on available data, we intend to underline the prevalence and associated risk factors for child drowning deaths in Bangladesh. According to the Center for Injury Prevention and Research, Bangladesh, about 19 000 people of all ages drown per year across the country, where approximately 77% are children (<18 years), which means that over 40 Bangladeshi children drown per day. A recent survey reported that as of data collected from January 2020 to June 2021, 83% of drowning victims were children. Insufficient parental supervision, mother's illiteracy, lack of swimming ability, male gender, children under 5 years, geographical and environmental conditions, seasonality, and disasters significantly contribute to child drowning deaths in Bangladesh. We urge the governments and local administrations to address the current crisis by coordinating and integrating several effective efforts to prevent child drowning deaths.
MeSH term(s)	Bangladesh/epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drowning/epidemiology ; Family ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2399-9772
ISSN (online)	2399-9772
DOI	10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001464
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Article ; Online: Stereotactic body radiation therapy mitigates radiation induced lymphopenia in early stage non-small cell lung cancer.

McLaughlin, Mark F / Alam, Morshed / Smith, Lynnette / Ryckman, Jeffrey / Lin, Chi / Baine, Michael J

PloS one

2020 Volume 15, Issue 11, Page(s) e0241505

Abstract: Introduction: Radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) occurs during treatment with conventional radiation in multiple organ sites. Development of RIL portends poor prognosis. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) spares RIL in pancreatic cancer, but ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) occurs during treatment with conventional radiation in multiple organ sites. Development of RIL portends poor prognosis. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) spares RIL in pancreatic cancer, but has not been examined in other sites commonly treated with SBRT. This work examines if SBRT similarly spares RIL in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis was done at a single institution on 40 distinct cases of SBRT for early stage NSCLC from 2006-2017. Incidentally collected lymphocyte counts collected within 6 months of SBRT treatment were analyzed to determine if RIL occurred. The presence of RIL was correlated with location of initial failure and survival endpoints. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed with significance defined at the level p < 0.05. Results: RIL was observed in 35% of the analyzed patients. Patterns of failure and survival data were comparable to prior SBRT literature. There was no observed association in two year local, nodal, or distant failure, progression free survival, or overall survival based on the presence of RIL. Discussion: SBRT spares RIL in NSCLC compared to historical rates observed with conventionally fractionated radiation. As understanding of the role of the immune system in cancer control continues to evolve, the importance of RIL sparing techniques take on increasing importance. This study represents further analysis of RIL sparing in SBRT in an early stage NSCLC cohort without the confounding influence of chemotherapy.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/radiotherapy ; Disease Progression ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology ; Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Lymphopenia/etiology ; Lymphopenia/radiotherapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Radiation Injuries/radiotherapy ; Radiosurgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0241505
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