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  1. Article: Regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress by hesperetin: Focus on antitumor and cytoprotective effects

    Hussain, Yaseen / Khan, Haroon / Efferth, Thomas / Alam, Waqas

    Phytomedicine. 2022 Feb. 10,

    2022  

    Abstract: Cancer is still an all-times issue due to a large and even increasing number of deaths. Impaired genes regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis are targets for the development of novel cancer treatments. Increased transcription of NADPH oxidase ... ...

    Abstract Cancer is still an all-times issue due to a large and even increasing number of deaths. Impaired genes regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis are targets for the development of novel cancer treatments. Increased transcription of NADPH oxidase activator (NOXA), Bcl2-like11 (BIM), BH3-only proteins and p53 unregulated apoptosis modulator (PUMA) is caused by the imbalance between pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins due to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The membranous network of ER is present in all eukaryotic cells. ER stress facilitates the interaction between Bax and PUMA, triggering the release of cytochrome C. As a main intracellular organelle, ER is responsible for translocation as well as post-translation modification and protein folding. Hesperetin is a cytoprotective flavonone, which acts against ER stress and protects from cell damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Hesperetin inhibits lipid peroxidation induced by Fe²⁺ and L-ascorbic acid in rat brain homogenates. This review deals with the anticancer effects of hesperetin regarding the regulation of ER stress as a principal mechanism in the pathogenesis of tumors.
    Keywords NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming) ; apoptosis ; ascorbic acid ; brain ; cell proliferation ; endoplasmic reticulum ; endoplasmic reticulum stress ; hesperetin ; lipid peroxidation ; pathogenesis ; post-translational modification ; rats ; reactive nitrogen species ; reactive oxygen species
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0210
    Publishing place Elsevier GmbH
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 1205240-1
    ISSN 1618-095X ; 0944-7113
    ISSN (online) 1618-095X
    ISSN 0944-7113
    DOI 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153985
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress by hesperetin: Focus on antitumor and cytoprotective effects.

    Hussain, Yaseen / Khan, Haroon / Efferth, Thomas / Alam, Waqas

    Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology

    2022  Volume 100, Page(s) 153985

    Abstract: Background: Cancer is still an all-times issue due to a large and even increasing number of deaths. Impaired genes regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis are targets for the development of novel cancer treatments.: Hypothesis: Increased ... ...

    Abstract Background: Cancer is still an all-times issue due to a large and even increasing number of deaths. Impaired genes regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis are targets for the development of novel cancer treatments.
    Hypothesis: Increased transcription of NADPH oxidase activator (NOXA), Bcl2-like11 (BIM), BH3-only proteins and p53 unregulated apoptosis modulator (PUMA) is caused by the imbalance between pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins due to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The membranous network of ER is present in all eukaryotic cells. ER stress facilitates the interaction between Bax and PUMA, triggering the release of cytochrome C. As a main intracellular organelle, ER is responsible for translocation as well as post-translation modification and protein folding.
    Results: Hesperetin is a cytoprotective flavonone, which acts against ER stress and protects from cell damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Hesperetin inhibits lipid peroxidation induced by Fe
    Conclusion: This review deals with the anticancer effects of hesperetin regarding the regulation of ER stress as a principal mechanism in the pathogenesis of tumors.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Hesperidin/pharmacology ; Rats
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Hesperidin (E750O06Y6O) ; hesperetin (Q9Q3D557F1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1205240-1
    ISSN 1618-095X ; 0944-7113
    ISSN (online) 1618-095X
    ISSN 0944-7113
    DOI 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153985
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Synthesis,

    Alam, Waqas / Khan, Haroon / Saeed Jan, Muhammad / Rashid, Umer / Abusharha, Ali / Daglia, Maria

    Frontiers in chemistry

    2023  Volume 11, Page(s) 1222047

    Abstract: Isoxazole belongs to the class of five-membered heterocyclic compounds. The process of developing new drugs has significantly gained attention due to inadequate pharmacokinetic and safety attributes of the available drugs. This study aimed to design a ... ...

    Abstract Isoxazole belongs to the class of five-membered heterocyclic compounds. The process of developing new drugs has significantly gained attention due to inadequate pharmacokinetic and safety attributes of the available drugs. This study aimed to design a new diverse array of ten novel isoxazole derivatives via Claisen Schmidt condensation reaction.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711776-5
    ISSN 2296-2646
    ISSN 2296-2646
    DOI 10.3389/fchem.2023.1222047
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic studies, DFT approach, and antioxidant activity of nitro and chloro indolinone derivatives.

    Pirzada, Abdul Saboor / Khan, Haroon / Alam, Waqas / Darwish, Hany W / Elhenawy, Ahmed A / Kuznetsov, Aleksey / Daglia, Maria

    Frontiers in chemistry

    2024  Volume 12, Page(s) 1360719

    Abstract: The process of developing of new drugs is greatly hampered by their inadequate physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and intrinsic characteristics. In this regard, the selected chloro indolinone, (Z)-6-chloro-3-(2-chlorobenzylidene)indolin-2-one (C1), and ... ...

    Abstract The process of developing of new drugs is greatly hampered by their inadequate physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and intrinsic characteristics. In this regard, the selected chloro indolinone, (Z)-6-chloro-3-(2-chlorobenzylidene)indolin-2-one (C1), and nitro indolinone, (Z)-6-chloro-3-(2-nitrobenzylidene)indolin-2-one (C2), were subjected to SwissADME and density function theory (DFT) analysis. For compounds C1 and C2, the BOILED-Egg pharmacokinetic model predicted intestinal absorption, blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, and p-glycoprotein interaction. According to the physicochemical analysis, C1 has exceptional drug-like characteristics suitable for oral absorption. Despite only being substrates for some of the major CYP 450 isoforms, compounds C1 and C2 were anticipated to have strong plasma protein binding and efficient distribution and block these isoforms. The DFT study using the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) approach with implicit water effects was performed to assess the structural features, electronic properties, and global reactivity parameters (GRP) of C1 and C2. The DFT results provided further support for other studies, implying that C2 is more water-soluble than C1 and that both compounds can form hydrogen bonds and (weak) dispersion interactions with other molecules, such as solvents and biomolecules. Furthermore, the GRP study suggested that C1 should be more stable and less reactive than C2. A concentration-dependent 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity was shown by both C1 and C2. In brief, this finding has provided a strong foundation to explore further the therapeutic potential of these molecules against a variety of human disorders.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711776-5
    ISSN 2296-2646
    ISSN 2296-2646
    DOI 10.3389/fchem.2024.1360719
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Role of Quercetin in DNA Repair: Possible Target to Combat Drug Resistance in Diabetes.

    Hussain, Yaseen / Abdullah, - / Khan, Fazlullah / Alam, Waqas / Sardar, Haseeba / Khan, Muhammad Ajmal / Shen, Xiaoyan / Khan, Haroon

    Current drug targets

    2024  

    Abstract: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is referred to as hyperglycemia in either fasting or postprandial phases. Oxidative stress, which is defined by an excessive amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increased exposure to external stress, and an ... ...

    Abstract Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is referred to as hyperglycemia in either fasting or postprandial phases. Oxidative stress, which is defined by an excessive amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increased exposure to external stress, and an excessive amount of the cellular defense system against them, results in cellular damage. Increased DNA damage is one of the main causes of genomic instability, and genetic changes are an underlying factor in the emergence of cancer. Through covalent connections with DNA and proteins, quercetin has been demonstrated to offer protection against the creation of oxidative DNA damage. It has been found that quercetin shields DNA from possible oxidative stress-related harm by reducing the production of ROS. Therefore, Quercetin helps to lessen DNA damage and improve the ability of DNA repair mechanisms. This review mainly focuses on the role of quercetin in repairing DNA damage and compensating for drug resistance in diabetic patients. Data on the target topic was obtained from major scientific databases, including SpringerLink, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Medline Plus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Elsevier. In preclinical studies, quercetin guards against DNA deterioration by regulating the degree of lipid peroxidation and enhancing the antioxidant defense system. By reactivating antioxidant enzymes, decreasing ROS levels, and decreasing the levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, Quercetin protects DNA from oxidative damage. In clinical studies, it was found that quercetin supplementation was related to increased antioxidant capacity and decreased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the experimental group as compared to the placebo group. It is concluded that quercetin has a significant role in DNA repair in order to overcome drug resistance in diabetes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-14
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2064859-5
    ISSN 1873-5592 ; 1389-4501
    ISSN (online) 1873-5592
    ISSN 1389-4501
    DOI 10.2174/0113894501302098240430164446
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Nanoscale delivery of phytochemicals targeting CRISPR/Cas9 for cancer therapy

    Hussain, Yaseen / Khan, Haroon / Ahmad, Imad / Efferth, Thomas / Alam, Waqas

    Phytomedicine. 2022 Jan., v. 94

    2022  

    Abstract: With growing global prevalence, cancer is a major cause of disease-related deaths. The understanding of the fundamental tumor pathology has contributed to the development of agents targeting oncogenic signaling pathways. Although these agents have ... ...

    Abstract With growing global prevalence, cancer is a major cause of disease-related deaths. The understanding of the fundamental tumor pathology has contributed to the development of agents targeting oncogenic signaling pathways. Although these agents have increased survival for defined cancers, the therapeutic choices are still limited due to the development of drug resistance. CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful new technology in cancer therapy by facilitating the identification of novel treatment targets and development of cell-based treatment strategies. We focused on applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in cancer therapy and discuss nanoscale delivery of cytotoxic phytochemical targeting the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Genome engineering has been significantly accelerated by the advancement of the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. Phytochemicals play a key role in treating cancer by targeting various mechanisms and pathways. The use of CRISPR/Cas9 for nanoscale delivery of phytochemicals opens new avenues in cancer therapy. One of the main obstacles in the clinical application of CRISPR/Cas9 is safe and efficient delivery. As viral delivery methods have certain drawbacks, there is an urgent need to develop non-viral delivery systems for therapeutic applications.
    Keywords CRISPR-Cas systems ; cancer therapy ; cytotoxicity ; drug development ; drug resistance ; neoplasms ; phytochemicals
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-01
    Publishing place Elsevier GmbH
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1205240-1
    ISSN 1618-095X ; 0944-7113
    ISSN (online) 1618-095X
    ISSN 0944-7113
    DOI 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153830
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Nanoscale delivery of phytochemicals targeting CRISPR/Cas9 for cancer therapy.

    Hussain, Yaseen / Khan, Haroon / Ahmad, Imad / Efferth, Thomas / Alam, Waqas

    Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology

    2021  Volume 94, Page(s) 153830

    Abstract: Background: With growing global prevalence, cancer is a major cause of disease-related deaths. The understanding of the fundamental tumor pathology has contributed to the development of agents targeting oncogenic signaling pathways. Although these ... ...

    Abstract Background: With growing global prevalence, cancer is a major cause of disease-related deaths. The understanding of the fundamental tumor pathology has contributed to the development of agents targeting oncogenic signaling pathways. Although these agents have increased survival for defined cancers, the therapeutic choices are still limited due to the development of drug resistance. CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful new technology in cancer therapy by facilitating the identification of novel treatment targets and development of cell-based treatment strategies.
    Purpose: We focused on applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in cancer therapy and discuss nanoscale delivery of cytotoxic phytochemical targeting the CRISPR/Cas9 system.
    Results: Genome engineering has been significantly accelerated by the advancement of the CRISPR/Cas9 technique. Phytochemicals play a key role in treating cancer by targeting various mechanisms and pathways.
    Conclusions: The use of CRISPR/Cas9 for nanoscale delivery of phytochemicals opens new avenues in cancer therapy. One of the main obstacles in the clinical application of CRISPR/Cas9 is safe and efficient delivery. As viral delivery methods have certain drawbacks, there is an urgent need to develop non-viral delivery systems for therapeutic applications.
    MeSH term(s) CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Gene Editing ; Humans ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Phytochemicals
    Chemical Substances Phytochemicals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-30
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1205240-1
    ISSN 1618-095X ; 0944-7113
    ISSN (online) 1618-095X
    ISSN 0944-7113
    DOI 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153830
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Flavonoids Targeting the mTOR Signaling Cascades in Cancer: A Potential Crosstalk in Anti-Breast Cancer Therapy.

    Hussain, Yaseen / Khan, Haroon / Alam, Waqas / Aschner, Michael / Abdullah / Alsharif, Khalaf F / Saso, Luciano

    Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity

    2022  Volume 2022, Page(s) 4831833

    Abstract: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women, with triple-negative breast cancer being the most lethal and aggressive form. Conventional therapies, such as radiation, surgery, ... ...

    Abstract Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women, with triple-negative breast cancer being the most lethal and aggressive form. Conventional therapies, such as radiation, surgery, hormonal, immune, gene, and chemotherapy, are widely used, but their therapeutic efficacy is limited due to adverse side effects, toxicities, resistance, recurrence, and therapeutic failure. Many molecules have been identified and investigated as potential therapeutic agents for breast cancer, with a focus on various signaling pathways. Flavonoids are a versatile class of phytochemicals that have been used in cancer treatment to overcome issues with traditional therapies. Cell proliferation, growth, apoptosis, autophagy, and survival are all controlled by mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. Flavonoids target mTOR signaling in breast cancer, and when this signaling pathway is regulated or deregulated, various signaling pathways provide potential therapeutic means. The role of various flavonoids as phytochemicals in targeting mTOR signaling pathways in breast cancer is highlighted in this review.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Flavonoids/pharmacology ; Flavonoids/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
    Chemical Substances Flavonoids ; MTOR protein, human (EC 2.7.1.1) ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2455981-7
    ISSN 1942-0994 ; 1942-0994
    ISSN (online) 1942-0994
    ISSN 1942-0994
    DOI 10.1155/2022/4831833
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Alkaloids and Colon Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications for Cell Cycle Arrest.

    Khan, Haroon / Alam, Waqas / Alsharif, Khalaf F / Aschner, Michael / Pervez, Samreen / Saso, Luciano

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 3

    Abstract: Cancer is the second most fatal disease worldwide, with colon cancer being the third most prevalent and fatal form of cancer in several Western countries. The risk of acquisition of resistance to chemotherapy remains a significant hurdle in the ... ...

    Abstract Cancer is the second most fatal disease worldwide, with colon cancer being the third most prevalent and fatal form of cancer in several Western countries. The risk of acquisition of resistance to chemotherapy remains a significant hurdle in the management of various types of cancer, especially colon cancer. Therefore, it is essential to develop alternative treatment modalities. Naturally occurring alkaloids have been shown to regulate various mechanistic pathways linked to cell proliferation, cell cycle, and metastasis. This review aims to shed light on the potential of alkaloids as anti-colon-cancer chemotherapy agents that can modulate or arrest the cell cycle. Preclinical investigated alkaloids have shown anti-colon cancer activities and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation via cell cycle arrest at different stages, suggesting that alkaloids may have the potential to act as anticancer molecules.
    MeSH term(s) Alkaloids/chemistry ; Alkaloids/pharmacology ; Alkaloids/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism ; Colonic Neoplasms/pathology ; Drug Discovery ; Humans
    Chemical Substances Alkaloids ; Antineoplastic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-28
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules27030920
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  10. Article: Marine Cyanobacterial Peptides in Neuroblastoma: Search for Better Therapeutic Options.

    Ahmed, Salman / Alam, Waqas / Aschner, Michael / Filosa, Rosanna / Cheang, Wai San / Jeandet, Philippe / Saso, Luciano / Khan, Haroon

    Cancers

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 9

    Abstract: Neuroblastoma is the most prevalent extracranial solid tumor in pediatric patients, originating from sympathetic nervous system cells. Metastasis can be observed in approximately 70% of individuals after diagnosis, and the prognosis is poor. The current ... ...

    Abstract Neuroblastoma is the most prevalent extracranial solid tumor in pediatric patients, originating from sympathetic nervous system cells. Metastasis can be observed in approximately 70% of individuals after diagnosis, and the prognosis is poor. The current care methods used, which include surgical removal as well as radio and chemotherapy, are largely unsuccessful, with high mortality and relapse rates. Therefore, attempts have been made to incorporate natural compounds as new alternative treatments. Marine cyanobacteria are a key source of physiologically active metabolites, which have recently received attention owing to their anticancer potential. This review addresses cyanobacterial peptides' anticancer efficacy against neuroblastoma. Numerous prospective studies have been carried out with marine peptides for pharmaceutical development including in research for anticancer potential. Marine peptides possess several advantages over proteins or antibodies, including small size, simple manufacturing, cell membrane crossing capabilities, minimal drug-drug interactions, minimal changes in blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, selective targeting, chemical and biological diversities, and effects on liver and kidney functions. We discussed the significance of cyanobacterial peptides in generating cytotoxic effects and their potential to prevent cancer cell proliferation via apoptosis, the activation of caspases, cell cycle arrest, sodium channel blocking, autophagy, and anti-metastasis behavior.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2527080-1
    ISSN 2072-6694
    ISSN 2072-6694
    DOI 10.3390/cancers15092515
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