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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2-specific mucosal immune response in vaccinated versus infected children.

Conti, Maria Giulia / Piano Mortari, Eva / Nenna, Raffaella / Pierangeli, Alessandra / Sorrentino, Leonardo / Frasca, Federica / Petrarca, Laura / Mancino, Enrica / Di Mattia, Greta / Matera, Luigi / Fracella, Matteo / Albano, Christian / Scagnolari, Carolina / Capponi, Martina / Cinicola, Bianca / Carsetti, Rita / Midulla, Fabio

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

2024 Volume 14, Page(s) 1231697

Abstract: The anti-COVID-19 intramuscular vaccination induces a strong systemic but a weak mucosal immune response in adults. Little is known about the mucosal immune response in children infected or vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. We found that 28% of children had ...

Abstract	The anti-COVID-19 intramuscular vaccination induces a strong systemic but a weak mucosal immune response in adults. Little is known about the mucosal immune response in children infected or vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. We found that 28% of children had detectable salivary IgA against SARS-CoV-2 even before vaccination, suggesting that, in children, SARS-CoV-2 infection may be undiagnosed. After vaccination, only receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific IgA1 significantly increased in the saliva. Conversely, infected children had significantly higher salivary RBD-IgA2 compared to IgA1, indicating that infection more than vaccination induces a specific mucosal immune response in children. Future efforts should focus on development of vaccine technologies that also activate mucosal immunity.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Immunity, Mucosal ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Immunoglobulin A ; Mucous Membrane ; Vaccination ; Antibodies, Viral
Chemical Substances	Immunoglobulin A ; Antibodies, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2619676-1
ISSN	2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
ISSN (online)	2235-2988
ISSN	2235-2988
DOI	10.3389/fcimb.2024.1231697
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Article ; Online: Comprehensive phenotyping of human peripheral blood B lymphocytes in healthy conditions.

Carsetti, Rita / Terreri, Sara / Conti, Maria Giulia / Fernandez Salinas, Ane / Corrente, Francesco / Capponi, Claudia / Albano, Christian / Piano Mortari, Eva

Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology

2021 Volume 101, Issue 2, Page(s) 131–139

Abstract: The B cell compartment provides innate and adaptive immune defenses against pathogens. Different B cell subsets, reflecting the maturation stages of B cells, have noninterchangeable functions and roles in innate and adaptive immune responses. In this ... ...

Abstract	The B cell compartment provides innate and adaptive immune defenses against pathogens. Different B cell subsets, reflecting the maturation stages of B cells, have noninterchangeable functions and roles in innate and adaptive immune responses. In this review, we provide an overview of the B cell subsets present in peripheral blood of healthy individuals. A specific gating strategy is also described to clearly and univocally identify B cell subsets based on the their phenotypic traits by flow cytometric analysis.
MeSH term(s)	B-Lymphocytes ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Phenotype
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2099868-5
ISSN	1552-4930 ; 0196-4763 ; 1552-4922
ISSN (online)	1552-4930
ISSN	0196-4763 ; 1552-4922
DOI	10.1002/cyto.a.24507
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Zs.A 1688: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Integration of physical assessment within a pathophysiology course for pharmacy.

Albano, Christian B / Brown, Wendy

American journal of pharmaceutical education

2012 Volume 76, Issue 1, Page(s) 14

Abstract: Objective: To determine first-year pharmacy students' analysis, confidence, and knowledge of patient physical assessment integrated within a pathophysiology curriculum.: Design: A prospective quasi-experimental study using validated pre- and post- ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To determine first-year pharmacy students' analysis, confidence, and knowledge of patient physical assessment integrated within a pathophysiology curriculum. Design: A prospective quasi-experimental study using validated pre- and post-surveys and follow-up examinations was conducted to objectively assess the confidence and knowledge of pharmacy students' physical assessment skills. Assessment: Students' perceived ability to perform physical assessment techniques improved. Topic mastery was demonstrated by a final comprehensive examination with a composite student class score of 83%. Conclusion: First-year pharmacy students demonstrated acquisition of patient physical assessment skills when integrated into a pathophysiology course.
MeSH term(s)	Clinical Competence/standards ; Curriculum/standards ; Education, Pharmacy/methods ; Education, Pharmacy/standards ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Pathology, Clinical/education ; Physical Examination/methods ; Physiology/education ; Prospective Studies ; Reproducibility of Results ; Students, Pharmacy
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-03-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603807-4
ISSN	1553-6467 ; 0002-9459
ISSN (online)	1553-6467
ISSN	0002-9459
DOI	10.5688/ajpe76114
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Article ; Online: Association between sex hormones and anti-S/RBD antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccines in healthcare workers.

Anticoli, Simona / Dorrucci, Maria / Iessi, Elisabetta / Chiarotti, Flavia / Di Prinzio, Reparata Rosa / Vinci, Maria Rosaria / Zaffina, Salvatore / Puro, Vincenzo / Colavita, Francesca / Mizzoni, Klizia / Meschi, Silvia / Vonesch, Nicoletta / Albano, Christian / Ortona, Elena / Ruggieri, Anna / Tomao, Paola

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

2023 Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) 2273697

Abstract: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are the target population for vaccination against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as they are at a high risk of exposure and transmission of pathogens to patients. Neutralizing antibodies developed after COVID-19 vaccination ... ...

Abstract	Healthcare workers (HCWs) are the target population for vaccination against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as they are at a high risk of exposure and transmission of pathogens to patients. Neutralizing antibodies developed after COVID-19 vaccination decline within few months of vaccination. Several factors, including age and sex, can affect the intensity, efficacy, and duration of immune response to vaccines. However, sex-specific analyses of humoral responses to COVID-19 vaccines are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate sex-based differences in anti-S/RBD (Receptor Binding Domain) responses at three different time points after the second dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in HCWs in relation to age, and to investigate the role of sex hormones as potential markers of response. Anti-S/RBD levels after two doses of the mRNA vaccine were collected from 521 HCWs naïve to COVID-19, working at two Italian Clinical Centers. Multiple regression analysis was applied to evaluate the association between anti-S levels and sex, age, and plasma levels of sex hormones. Significantly higher anti-S/RBD response to the COVID-19 vaccination was found in female HCWs, and a significant and more abrupt decline in response with time was observed in women than that in men. A novel, positive association of testosterone plasma levels and higher anti-S levels in male HCWs was found, suggesting its potential role as sex specific marker in males. In conclusion, understanding the sex-based differences in humoral immune responses to vaccines may potentially improve vaccination strategies and optimize surveillance programs for HCWs.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Male ; Antibody Formation ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Vaccination ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Health Personnel ; Antibodies, Viral
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2664176-8
ISSN	2164-554X ; 2164-5515
ISSN (online)	2164-554X
ISSN	2164-5515
DOI	10.1080/21645515.2023.2273697
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Article ; Online: T-Cell Defects Associated to Lack of Spike-Specific Antibodies after BNT162b2 Full Immunization Followed by a Booster Dose in Patients with Common Variable Immune Deficiencies.

Pulvirenti, Federica / Di Cecca, Stefano / Sinibaldi, Matilde / Piano Mortari, Eva / Terreri, Sara / Albano, Christian / Guercio, Marika / Sculco, Eleonora / Milito, Cinzia / Ferrari, Simona / Locatelli, Franco / Quintarelli, Concetta / Carsetti, Rita / Quinti, Isabella

Cells

2022 Volume 11, Issue 12

Abstract: Following the third booster dose of the mRNA vaccine, Common Variable Immune Deficiencies (CVID) patients may not produce specific antibodies against the virus spike protein. The T-cell abnormalities associated with the absence of antibodies are still a ... ...

Abstract	Following the third booster dose of the mRNA vaccine, Common Variable Immune Deficiencies (CVID) patients may not produce specific antibodies against the virus spike protein. The T-cell abnormalities associated with the absence of antibodies are still a matter of investigation. Spike-specific IgG and IgA, peripheral T cell subsets, CD40L and cytokine expression, and Spike-specific specific T-cells responses were evaluated in 47 CVID and 26 healthy donors after three doses of BNT162b2 vaccine. Testing was performed two weeks after the third vaccine dose. Thirty-six percent of the patients did not produce anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG or IgA antibodies. Non responder patients had lower peripheral blood lymphocyte counts, circulating naïve and central memory T-cells, low CD40L expression on the CD4+CD45+RO+ and CD8+CD45+RO+ T-cells, high frequencies of TNFα and IFNγ expressing CD8+ T-cells, and defective release of IFNγ and TNFα following stimulation with Spike peptides. Non responders had a more complex disease phenotype, with higher frequencies of structural lung damage and autoimmunity, especially autoimmune cytopenia. Thirty-five percent of them developed a SARS-CoV-2 infection after immunization in comparison to twenty percent of CVID who responded to immunization with antibodies production. CVID-associated T cell abnormalities contributed to the absence of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies after full immunization.
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Viral ; BNT162 Vaccine ; CD40 Ligand ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Humans ; Immunization ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; mRNA Vaccines
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; mRNA Vaccines ; CD40 Ligand (147205-72-9) ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells11121918
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Article ; Online: Best Practices in Establishing and Sustaining Consortia in Pharmacy Education.

Danielson, Jennifer / Hincapie, Ana / Baugh, Gina / Rice, Luke / Sy, Erin / Penm, Jonathan / Albano, Christian

American journal of pharmaceutical education

2017 Volume 81, Issue 2, Page(s) 27

Abstract: Objective. ...

Abstract	Objective.
MeSH term(s)	Cooperative Behavior ; Education, Pharmacy/methods ; Education, Pharmacy/standards ; Educational Measurement/methods ; Educational Measurement/standards ; Faculty, Pharmacy ; Humans ; Schools, Pharmacy/standards ; Students, Pharmacy
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-03-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603807-4
ISSN	1553-6467 ; 0002-9459
ISSN (online)	1553-6467
ISSN	0002-9459
DOI	10.5688/ajpe81227
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Article ; Online: B Cell Response Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Boosted by the BNT162b2 Vaccine in Primary Antibody Deficiencies.

Pulvirenti, Federica / Fernandez Salinas, Ane / Milito, Cinzia / Terreri, Sara / Piano Mortari, Eva / Quintarelli, Concetta / Di Cecca, Stefano / Lagnese, Gianluca / Punziano, Alessandra / Guercio, Marika / Bonanni, Livia / Auria, Stefania / Villani, Francesca / Albano, Christian / Locatelli, Franco / Spadaro, Giuseppe / Carsetti, Rita / Quinti, Isabella

Cells

2021 Volume 10, Issue 11

Abstract: Background: Patients with primary antibody deficiencies are at risk in the current COVID-19 pandemic due to their impaired response to infection and vaccination. Specifically, patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) generated poor spike- ... ...

Abstract	Background: Patients with primary antibody deficiencies are at risk in the current COVID-19 pandemic due to their impaired response to infection and vaccination. Specifically, patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) generated poor spike-specific antibody and T cell responses after immunization. Methods: Thirty-four CVID convalescent patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection, 38 CVID patients immunized with two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, and 20 SARS-CoV-2 CVID convalescents later and immunized with BNT162b2 were analyzed for the anti-spike IgG production and the generation of spike-specific memory B cells and T cells. Results: Spike-specific IgG was induced more frequently after infection than after vaccination (82% vs. 34%). The antibody response was boosted in convalescents by vaccination. Although immunized patients generated atypical memory B cells possibly by extra-follicular or incomplete germinal center reactions, convalescents responded to infection by generating spike-specific memory B cells that were improved by the subsequent immunization. Poor spike-specific T cell responses were measured independently from the immunological challenge. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection primed a more efficient classical memory B cell response, whereas the BNT162b2 vaccine induced non-canonical B cell responses in CVID. Natural infection responses were boosted by subsequent immunization, suggesting the possibility to further stimulate the immune response by additional vaccine doses in CVID.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; BNT162 Vaccine/immunology ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Convalescence ; Female ; Humans ; Immunization ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; Male ; Memory B Cells/immunology ; Middle Aged ; Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases/complications ; Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin G ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 ; BNT162 Vaccine (N38TVC63NU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2661518-6
ISSN	2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
ISSN (online)	2073-4409
ISSN	2073-4409
DOI	10.3390/cells10112915
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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Induced Atypical Immune Responses in Antibody Defects: Everybody Does their Best.

Salinas, Ane Fernandez / Mortari, Eva Piano / Terreri, Sara / Quintarelli, Concetta / Pulvirenti, Federica / Di Cecca, Stefano / Guercio, Marika / Milito, Cinzia / Bonanni, Livia / Auria, Stefania / Romaggioli, Laura / Cusano, Giuseppina / Albano, Christian / Zaffina, Salvatore / Perno, Carlo Federico / Spadaro, Giuseppe / Locatelli, Franco / Carsetti, Rita / Quinti, Isabella

Journal of clinical immunology

2021 Volume 41, Issue 8, Page(s) 1709–1722

Abstract: Background: Data on immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies (PAD) are limited to infected patients and to heterogeneous cohorts after immunization.: Methods: Forty-one patients with Common Variable Immune ... ...

Abstract	Background: Data on immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies (PAD) are limited to infected patients and to heterogeneous cohorts after immunization. Methods: Forty-one patients with Common Variable Immune Deficiencies (CVID), six patients with X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (XLA), and 28 healthy age-matched controls (HD) were analyzed for anti-Spike and anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody production, generation of Spike-specific memory B-cells, and Spike-specific T-cells before vaccination and one week after the second dose of BNT162b2 vaccine. Results: The vaccine induced Spike-specific IgG and IgA antibody responses in all HD and in 20% of SARS-CoV-2 naive CVID patients. Anti-Spike IgG were detectable before vaccination in 4 out 7 CVID previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 and were boosted in six out of seven patients by the subsequent immunization raising higher levels than patients naïve to infection. While HD generated Spike-specific memory B-cells, and RBD-specific B-cells, CVID generated Spike-specific atypical B-cells, while RBD-specific B-cells were undetectable in all patients, indicating the incapability to generate this new specificity. Specific T-cell responses were evident in all HD and defective in 30% of CVID. All but one patient with XLA responded by specific T-cell only. Conclusion: In PAD patients, early atypical immune responses after BNT162b2 immunization occurred, possibly by extra-follicular or incomplete germinal center reactions. If these responses to vaccination might result in a partial protection from infection or reinfection is now unknown. Our data suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection more effectively primes the immune response than the immunization alone, possibly suggesting the need for a third vaccine dose for patients not previously infected.
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Viral/blood ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/immunology ; Immunologic Memory ; Lymphocytes/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Immunoglobulin G ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-20
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	779361-3
ISSN	1573-2592 ; 0271-9142
ISSN (online)	1573-2592
ISSN	0271-9142
DOI	10.1007/s10875-021-01133-0
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Article ; Online: Report of the 2013-2014 AACP Standing Committee on Advocacy: improving advocacy through the use of implementation science concepts and frameworks.

Bell, Hershey S / Albano, Christian B / Kennedy, Kathleen B / Young, Veronica / Lang, William G / Liason, Staff

American journal of pharmaceutical education

2015 Volume 78, Issue 10, Page(s) S20

MeSH term(s)	Advisory Committees ; Annual Reports as Topic ; Consumer Advocacy ; Education, Pharmacy ; Humans ; Schools, Pharmacy ; Societies, Pharmaceutical/organization & administration ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-02-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603807-4
ISSN	1553-6467 ; 0002-9459
ISSN (online)	1553-6467
ISSN	0002-9459
DOI	10.5688/ajpe7810S20
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Article ; Online: Functional CVIDs phenotype clusters identified by the integration of immune parameters after BNT162b2 boosters.

Piano Mortari, Eva / Pulvirenti, Federica / Marcellini, Valentina / Terreri, Sara / Salinas, Ane Fernandez / Ferrari, Simona / Di Napoli, Giulia / Guadagnolo, Daniele / Sculco, Eleonora / Albano, Christian / Guercio, Marika / Di Cecca, Stefano / Milito, Cinzia / Garzi, Giulia / Pesce, Anna Maria / Bonanni, Livia / Sinibaldi, Matilde / Bordoni, Veronica / Di Cecilia, Serena /

Accordini, Silvia / Castilletti, Concetta / Agrati, Chiara / Quintarelli, Concetta / Zaffina, Salvatore / Locatelli, Franco / Carsetti, Rita / Quinti, Isabella

Frontiers in immunology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1194225

Abstract: Introduction: Assessing the response to vaccinations is one of the diagnostic criteria for Common Variable Immune Deficiencies (CVIDs). Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 offered the unique opportunity to analyze the immune response to a novel antigen. We ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Assessing the response to vaccinations is one of the diagnostic criteria for Common Variable Immune Deficiencies (CVIDs). Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 offered the unique opportunity to analyze the immune response to a novel antigen. We identify four CVIDs phenotype clusters by the integration of immune parameters after BTN162b2 boosters. Methods: We performed a longitudinal study on 47 CVIDs patients who received the 3rd and 4th vaccine dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine measuring the generation of immunological memory. We analyzed specific and neutralizing antibodies, spike-specific memory B cells, and functional T cells. Results: We found that, depending on the readout of vaccine efficacy, the frequency of responders changes. Although 63.8% of the patients have specific antibodies in the serum, only 30% have high-affinity specific memory B cells and generate recall responses. Discussion: Thanks to the integration of our data, we identified four functional groups of CVIDs patients with different B cell phenotypes, T cell functions, and clinical diseases. The presence of antibodies alone is not sufficient to demonstrate the establishment of immune memory and the measurement of the in-vivo response to vaccination distinguishes patients with different immunological defects and clinical diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; BNT162 Vaccine ; Longitudinal Studies ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Common Variable Immunodeficiency ; Phenotype
Chemical Substances	BNT162 Vaccine ; Antibodies, Neutralizing
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2023.1194225
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