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Article ; Online: Muscular endurance and its association with neck pain, disability, neck awareness, and kinesiophobia in patients with chronic neck pain.

Dere, Tuğba / Alemdaroğlu-Gürbüz, İpek

2023 , Page(s) 1–8

Abstract: Background: Recent studies revealed the connection between the endurance of neck muscles and pain, neck awareness, and fear of movement in patients with chronic neck pain in literature.: Objectives: To investigate the association between cervical, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Recent studies revealed the connection between the endurance of neck muscles and pain, neck awareness, and fear of movement in patients with chronic neck pain in literature. Objectives: To investigate the association between cervical, scapular, trunk, and upper extremity muscles' endurance and neck pain, disability, neck awareness, and kinesiophobia in patients with chronic neck pain. Design: Cross-sectional, observational study. Methods: Thirty-six patients with chronic neck pain (aged 18-65 years) were included in the study. Endurance tests were performed for 9 muscles/muscle groups in the cervical and scapular region, upper limb, and trunk. Pain severity, neck disability, neck awareness, and fear of movement were measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Fremantle Neck Awareness Questionnaire (FreNAQ), and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), respectively. Results: Negative, weak-to-moderate relations were found between VAS (at rest and during activity) and the endurance of muscles evaluated in the cervical and scapular regions, upper extremity, and trunk as well as between NDI and endurance of the same muscles, similar to the relations between FreNAQ scores and the endurance of the cervical flexor, anterior trunk flexor, and upper extremity muscles ( Conclusions: Since the decrease in upper extremity, scapular region, and trunk muscles' endurance may contribute to neck pain and disability, and decrease neck awareness in patients with chronic neck pain; the evaluation of muscular endurance of upper body and trunk should also be considered. Clinical trials: NCT05121467.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1042336-9
ISSN	1369-1651 ; 0899-0220
ISSN (online)	1369-1651
ISSN	0899-0220
DOI	10.1080/08990220.2023.2186390
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Article ; Online: Validity and reliability of the turkish version of the early activity scale for endurance in preschool children with cerebral palsy.

Dere, Tuğba / Serel Arslan, Selen / Alemdaroğlu-Gürbüz, İpek

Developmental neurorehabilitation

2023 Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 101–108

Abstract: This study presented the Turkish translation of the Early Activity Scale for Endurance (T-EASE) which was developed to evaluate the endurance for physical activity of preschool children with Cerebral Palsy (CP), and its validity and reliability. Fifty- ... ...

Abstract	This study presented the Turkish translation of the Early Activity Scale for Endurance (T-EASE) which was developed to evaluate the endurance for physical activity of preschool children with Cerebral Palsy (CP), and its validity and reliability. Fifty-five children with CP aged between 2 and 5 years were included in the study. The Gross Motor Function Classification Scale (GMFCS) and Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI) were used to determine motor function levels and quality of life of the study population. The T-EASE had good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.996), internal consistency (α = 0.903), higher construct validity approved by confirmatory factor analysis, and criterion validity supported by the weak-to-strong correlations between T-EASE and GMFCS, and PODCI. The T-EASE scores were significantly different between GMFCS levels (p < .05). The T-EASE was found to be valid and reliable to determine the endurance for physical activity of Turkish pre-school children with CP with the sensitivity to changes in motor function levels.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Cerebral Palsy ; Quality of Life ; Reproducibility of Results ; Exercise ; Translations ; Disability Evaluation
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2280007-4
ISSN	1751-8431 ; 1751-8423
ISSN (online)	1751-8431
ISSN	1751-8423
DOI	10.1080/17518423.2023.2166616
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Article ; Online: Lower extremity proprioception and its association with activity and participation in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy.

Ipek Erdem, Fulya / Gunel, Mintaze Kerem / Alemdaroglu-Gurbuz, Ipek

Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie

2023 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 158–164

Abstract: Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess lower extremity proprioception and investigate its relationship to activity and participation levels in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP).: Methods: A total of 22 children ... ...

Abstract	Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess lower extremity proprioception and investigate its relationship to activity and participation levels in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP). Methods: A total of 22 children with USCP between the ages of 5 and 16 years participated in this study. Lower extremity proprioception was evaluated with a protocol that consisted of verbal and location identification, unilateral and contralateral limb matching, and static and dynamic balance tests performed with the impaired and less impaired lower extremities under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. Furthermore, the Functional Independence Measure (WeeFIM) and Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI) were used to evaluate the independence levels in daily living activities and participation levels. Results: Children demonstrated proprioceptive loss, as evidenced by an increase in matching errors under the eyes-closed condition compared to the eyes-open condition (p<0.05). Also, the impaired extremity had greater proprioceptive loss than the less impaired extremity (p<0.05). The 5-6-year age group experienced greater proprioceptive deficits than did the 7-11 and 12-16 age groups (p<0.05). Children's lower extremity proprioceptive deficit was moderately associated with their activity and participation levels (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that treatment programs based on comprehensive assessments, including proprioception, may be more effective in these children.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Adolescent ; Cerebral Palsy/complications ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Proprioception ; Activities of Daily Living ; Lower Extremity ; Upper Extremity
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-10
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1181947-9
ISSN	1769-664X ; 0929-693X
ISSN (online)	1769-664X
ISSN	0929-693X
DOI	10.1016/j.arcped.2023.01.007
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Article ; Online: Development of a new instrument to evaluate gait characteristics of individuals with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Gait Assessment Scale for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, and its validity and reliability.

Aydın Yağcıoğlu, Güllü / Alemdaroğlu Gürbüz, İpek / Topuz, Semra / Yılmaz, Öznur

Early human development

2023 Volume 185, Page(s) 105843

Abstract: Background: Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) have gait disorders. Therefore, specific gait assessment tools are needed.: Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a gait assessment instrument for DMD patients (DMD-GAS), and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) have gait disorders. Therefore, specific gait assessment tools are needed. Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a gait assessment instrument for DMD patients (DMD-GAS), and investigate its validity and reliability. Study design: The scale was developed considering the expert opinions which included 10 physiotherapists who had experience in the management of patients with DMD, and the Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated. The final version of the DMD-GAS that was agreed upon the experts consisted of 10 items, and each item scored between 0 and 2. The intra-rater reliability was established by the video analysis of children with a 1-month interval and inter-rater reliability was determined by the scores of 3 physiotherapists. Subjects: The study included 56 patients with DMD. Outcome measures: The criterion validity was determined by investigating the relationship between the total score of the DMD-GAS and Motor Function Measure (MFM), 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and the data obtained from GAITRite. Results: The CVI of the DMD-GAS was 0.90 (p < 0.05). The construct validity and internal consistency of the DMD-GAS were excellent as well as the intra- and inter-rater reliability (>0.90). Moderate-to-very strong correlations were found between the total score of the DMD-GAS and the MFM-total score (r = 0.78), 6MWT (r = 0.71), gait speed (r = 0.50), stride length (r = 0.56), and base of support (r = -0.70) (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The results indicated that DMD-GAS was a reliable and valid instrument to determine gait characteristics of the patients with DMD in clinical settings. Clinical trial number: NCT05244395.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-23
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	752532-1
ISSN	1872-6232 ; 0378-3782
ISSN (online)	1872-6232
ISSN	0378-3782
DOI	10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2023.105843
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Article ; Online: The effects of virtual reality augmented robot-assisted gait training on dual-task performance and functional measures in chronic stroke: a randomized controlled single-blind trial.

Kayabinar, Büşra / Alemdaroğlu-Gürbüz, İpek / Yilmaz, Öznur

European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine

2021 Volume 57, Issue 2, Page(s) 227–237

Abstract: Background: Many studies have demonstrated positive effects of virtual reality (VR) and robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) on balance, gait skills, functional capacity, active participation, and motivation in stroke patients, previously. However, the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Many studies have demonstrated positive effects of virtual reality (VR) and robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) on balance, gait skills, functional capacity, active participation, and motivation in stroke patients, previously. However, the effects of VR augmented RAGT on dual-task performance which requires simultaneous use of motor and cognitive parameters have not been investigated. Aim: To primarily investigate the effects of virtual reality (VR) augmented robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) on dual-task performance and secondarily, functional measurements in chronic stroke patients. Design: A randomized, single-blind trial. Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation center. Population: The study included 30 chronic stroke patients aged between 40-65 with the level of ≥3 from Functional Ambulation Classification and ≥24 from the Standardized Mini Mental State Examination. Methods: Fifteen patients in the study group received VR augmented RAGT and 15 patients in the control group received only RAGT during 12 sessions (six weeks). All patients received neurodevelopmental therapy in addition to their treatments, simultaneously. To evaluate dual-task performance, motor and cognitive tasks were given in addition to the 10 Meter Walk (first motor task), and durations were recorded in seconds. Functional measures such as Functional Gait Assessment, Rivermead Mobility Index, Berg Balance Scale, Fall Activity Scale International, and the Functional Independence Measure for gait, mobility, balance, fear of falling, and independence in daily living activities were also applied, consecutively. Results: The mean age of the study population was 57.93±5.91. After the treatment, single and dual-task gait speeds and cognitive dual-task performance increased in the study group (P<0.05), while no change was observed in the control group (P>0.05). No significant difference was detected between the groups in terms of all assessments after the treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that VR augmented RAGT improved dual-task gait speeds and dual-task performance of chronic stroke patients; however, there were no difference between the two groups after the treatment. Although functional improvements were determined with VR combined RAGT approach, it was not superior to RAGT only treatment. Clinical rehabilitation impact: The results of current study suggest the simultaneous use of VR as an adjunct therapy method to the functional training to obtain functional gains in ambulant patients with chronic stroke.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Exoskeleton Device ; Female ; Gait Disorders, Neurologic/rehabilitation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Robotics/methods ; Single-Blind Method ; Stroke Rehabilitation/methods ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Virtual Reality ; Walk Test
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-04
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	2426908-6
ISSN	1973-9095 ; 1973-9087
ISSN (online)	1973-9095
ISSN	1973-9087
DOI	10.23736/S1973-9087.21.06441-8
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Article ; Online: The Impact of "Fear of Falling" on Physical Performance, Balance, and Ambulation in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Alemdaroğlu-Gürbüz, İpek / İpek, Canan / Bulut, Numan / Karaduman, Ayşe / Yılmaz, Öznur

Neuropediatrics

2022 Volume 53, Issue 5, Page(s) 330–337

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate falls and the fear of falling (FOF) in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and to determine the relationships between the FOF and physical performance, balance, and ambulation.: Methods: ...

Abstract	Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate falls and the fear of falling (FOF) in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and to determine the relationships between the FOF and physical performance, balance, and ambulation. Methods: Thirty-eight ambulatory children with DMD were included in the study. The functional level, falling history, FOF, physical performance, balance, and ambulation were assessed by using Brooke Lower Extremity Functional Classification, History of Falls Questionnaire, Pediatric Fear of Falling Questionnaire (Ped-FOF), timed performance tests, Timed "Up and Go" (TUG) test, and North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA), respectively. Results: Of the 38 children (mean age: 9.00 ± 2.03 years) 97.4% had a history of serious fall last year and 62.2% were injured due to this fall. The Ped-FOF score was 13.79 ± 7.20. Weak to moderate relations were determined between Ped-FOF and functional level ( Conclusion: Ambulatory children with better performance scores had lower levels of FOF despite their history of serious falls and injuries. FOF tends to increase as the symptoms of the disease progresses. Investigating the history of falls and FOF from the earliest period will guide to take precautions and make necessary interventions on time in treatment programs.
MeSH term(s)	Accidental Falls ; Child ; Fear ; Humans ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne ; Physical Functional Performance ; Walking
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-28
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	573291-8
ISSN	1439-1899 ; 0174-304X
ISSN (online)	1439-1899
ISSN	0174-304X
DOI	10.1055/s-0042-1750722
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Article ; Online: Ultrasonographic assessment of lower limb muscle architecture in children with early-stage Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Bulut, Numan / Karaduman, Ayşe / Alemdaroğlu-Gürbüz, İpek / Yilmaz, Öznur / Topaloğlu, Haluk / Özçakar, Levent

Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria

2022 Volume 80, Issue 5, Page(s) 475–481

Abstract: Background: Muscle imaging methods such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging have been used for many years to determine the dystrophic process in muscular dystrophies. However, the knowledge regarding muscle architecture in children at early- ... ...

Abstract	Background: Muscle imaging methods such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging have been used for many years to determine the dystrophic process in muscular dystrophies. However, the knowledge regarding muscle architecture in children at early-stage Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) with different functional levels is limited. Objective: To explore the effect of functional level on muscle architectural properties in children with early stage DMD and the difference between DMD and typically developing (TD) peers. Methods: Thirty children with DMD (15 Grade 1 and 15 Grade 2 according to the Vignos Scale) and 5 TD peers were included. Ultrasound imaging was used to measure muscle thickness (MT), fascicle length (FL), and pennation angle (PA) of vastus lateralis (VL) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscles bilaterally. Results: The MT and FL values for VL, and MT, FL and PA values for MG muscles were higher in children with DMD compared with those of TD peers (p<0.05). The FL of VL, and MT and FL of GM muscles of children with DMD Grade 2 were higher than those of children with DMD Grade 1 (p<0.05). Conclusions: MT and FL are increased in children with DMD compared with TD peers. Additionally, muscle architecture seems to be affected even at the early stages of the disease.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Lower Extremity/diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/diagnostic imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-22
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	418916-4
ISSN	1678-4227 ; 0004-282X
ISSN (online)	1678-4227
ISSN	0004-282X
DOI	10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2021-0038
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Article ; Online: The effect of aerobic training on motor function and muscle architecture in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy:

Bulut, Numan / Karaduman, Ayşe / Alemdaroğlu-Gürbüz, İpek / Yılmaz, Öznur / Topaloğlu, Haluk / Özçakar, Levent

Clinical rehabilitation

2022 Volume 36, Issue 8, Page(s) 1062–1071

Abstract: Objective: To explore the effects of aerobic training adding to home-based exercise program on motor function and muscle architectural properties in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.: Design: This is a prospective randomized controlled study. ...

Abstract	Objective: To explore the effects of aerobic training adding to home-based exercise program on motor function and muscle architectural properties in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Design: This is a prospective randomized controlled study. Setting: Pediatric neuromuscular clinic in a tertiary care center. Subjects: Children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Interventions: Children were randomly divided into two groups whereby 12-weeks aerobic training was additionally given in treatment group in contrast to the control group which received only home-based exercise program. Main measures: Motor Function Measure and Six Minute Walk Test were used for clinical evaluation, and muscle architectural properties (thickness, pennation angle and fascicle length) were measured by ultrasound imaging. Both groups were assessed at baseline and after 12-weeks of training. Results: Median age of children was 7.9 years in the treatment group and 8.6 years in the control group ( Conclusion: Aerobic training may be of additional value in improving motor function and performance with no remarkable effect on muscle architectural properties.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Exercise Therapy ; Humans ; Muscles ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/drug therapy ; Prospective Studies ; Walk Test
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	639276-3
ISSN	1477-0873 ; 0269-2155
ISSN (online)	1477-0873
ISSN	0269-2155
DOI	10.1177/02692155221095491
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Article ; Online: A New Instrument to Assess Dynamic Balance in Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Four Square Step Test and Its Validity, Reliability and Feasibility.

Aldirmaz, Esra / Uğur, Fatma / Yilmaz, Öznur / Karaduman, Ayşe / Alemdaroğlu-Gürbüz, İpek

Developmental neurorehabilitation

2022 , Page(s) 1–10

Abstract: Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate validity, reliability and feasibility of the Four Square Step Test (FSST) in children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD).: Methods: The study included 44 children with DMD aged 5-12 years. The ... ...

Abstract	Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate validity, reliability and feasibility of the Four Square Step Test (FSST) in children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Methods: The study included 44 children with DMD aged 5-12 years. The functional level of the children was determined by using the Brooke Lower Extremity Functional Classification (BLEFC). The concurrent validity of the FSST, a dynamic balance assessment, was investigated by analyzing the association between FSST and Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA) and Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) distance. The intra- and inter-rater reliability of the FSST was determined by using the Intra Class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) while the feasibility of the test was determined by calculating the percentage of children who successfully completed the test in accordance with the test instructions. Results: The FSST score of the children (mean age 9.25 ± 2.14 years) was 11.91 ± 3.43 and the BLEFC level ranged from Level 1 (65.9%) to Level 3 (9.1%). FSST had positive, moderate relation with BLEFC (r = 0.447; p = .002); positive, strong relation with TUG (r Discussion: The FSST is a valid, reliable and feasible instrument to assess dynamic balance as well as having the ability to reflect falling risk and different functional levels of children with DMD.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2280007-4
ISSN	1751-8431 ; 1751-8423
ISSN (online)	1751-8431
ISSN	1751-8423
DOI	10.1080/17518423.2022.2143924
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Article ; Online: Examining mobility, independence, motor function, participation, and parental stress in a school-aged Turkish cerebral palsy population: a cross-sectional study.

Alemdaroğlu-Gürbüz, İpek / Karakuş, Arzu Burcu

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology

2019 Volume 40, Issue 12, Page(s) 2493–2500

Abstract: Aims: This study aimed to describe a school-aged Turkish cerebral palsy (CP) population in terms of gross motor function, mobility, independence, and participation, and to investigate parental stress.: Methods: Mobility (Functional Mobility Scale ( ... ...

Abstract	Aims: This study aimed to describe a school-aged Turkish cerebral palsy (CP) population in terms of gross motor function, mobility, independence, and participation, and to investigate parental stress. Methods: Mobility (Functional Mobility Scale (FMS)), independence (Barthel Index (BI)), motor function (Gross Motor Function Measurement (GMFM)), functional classification (Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS)), participation (Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI)), and parents' stress (Parental Stress Scale (PSS)) of 100 school-aged children with CP aged 5-15 years old were evaluated. School-related difficulties and restrictions were also questioned. Results: Of the 100 children with GMFCS levels I-V, almost half had independent mobility on level or all surfaces according to the FMS, with a relatively high GMFM score (72.8%), and above average BI (12 from 20), and PODCI Global Functioning (62.8%) scores. Strong-to-very strong correlations were determined between all test batteries. A mean score of 42.3 ± 9.92 out of 90 was obtained for parental stress with a weak correlation to the GMFCS and the child's mobility distance according to family (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Turkish school-aged children with CP displayed functional abilities that are above average besides experiencing restrictions in the school environment. Parents' view on the physical condition of the school varied depending on functional and mobility levels of their children.
MeSH term(s)	Activities of Daily Living ; Adolescent ; Cerebral Palsy/complications ; Cerebral Palsy/epidemiology ; Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mobility Limitation ; Motor Disorders/epidemiology ; Motor Disorders/etiology ; Motor Disorders/physiopathology ; Parents/psychology ; Schools/statistics & numerical data ; Severity of Illness Index ; Stress, Psychological/epidemiology ; Stress, Psychological/psychology ; Turkey/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-01
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2016546-8
ISSN	1590-3478 ; 1590-1874
ISSN (online)	1590-3478
ISSN	1590-1874
DOI	10.1007/s10072-019-03994-1
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