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  1. Article ; Online: Light alters the impacts of nitrogen and foliar pathogens on the performance of early successional tree seedlings

    Alexander Brown / Robert W. Heckman

    PeerJ, Vol 9, p e

    2021  Volume 11587

    Abstract: Light limitation is a major driver of succession and an important determinant of the performance of shade-intolerant tree seedlings. Shade intolerance may result from a resource allocation strategy characterized by rapid growth and high metabolic costs, ... ...

    Abstract Light limitation is a major driver of succession and an important determinant of the performance of shade-intolerant tree seedlings. Shade intolerance may result from a resource allocation strategy characterized by rapid growth and high metabolic costs, which may make shade-intolerant species particularly sensitive to nutrient limitation and pathogen pressure. In this study, we evaluated the degree to which nitrogen availability and fungal pathogen pressure interact to influence plant performance across different light environments. To test this, we manipulated nitrogen availability (high, low) and access by foliar fungal pathogens (sprayed with fungicide, unsprayed) to seedlings of the shade-intolerant tree, Liquidambar styraciflua, growing at low and high light availability, from forest understory to adjacent old field. Foliar fungal damage varied with light and nitrogen availability; in low light, increasing nitrogen availability tripled foliar damage, suggesting that increased nutrient availability in low light makes plants more susceptible to disease. Despite higher foliar damage under low light, spraying fungicide to exclude pathogens promoted 14% greater plant height only under high light conditions. Thus, although nitrogen availability and pathogen pressure each influenced aspects of plant performance, these effects were context dependent and overwhelmed by light limitation. This suggests that failure of shade-intolerant species to invade closed-canopy forest can be explained by light limitation alone.
    Keywords American sweetgum ; Foliar fungal pathogens ; Old field succession ; Pseudocercospora liquidambaricola ; Shade tolerance ; Top-down ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher PeerJ Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Open-source five degree of freedom motion platform for investigating fish-robot interaction

    Brent Utter / Alexander Brown

    HardwareX, Vol 7, Iss , Pp - (2020)

    2020  

    Abstract: This paper presents the design, construction, operation, and validation of a robotic gantry platform specifically designed for studying fish-robot interaction. The platform has five degrees of freedom to manipulate the three-dimensional position, yaw ... ...

    Abstract This paper presents the design, construction, operation, and validation of a robotic gantry platform specifically designed for studying fish-robot interaction. The platform has five degrees of freedom to manipulate the three-dimensional position, yaw angle, and the pitch of a lure. Additionally, it has a four-conductor slip ring that allows power and data to be transmitted to the lure for the operation of fins and other actuators that increase realism or act as stimuli to focal fish during an ethorobotic experiment. The design is open-source, low-cost, and includes purpose-built electronics, software, and hardware to make it extensible and customizable for a number of applications with varying requirements.
    Keywords Open-source hardware ; Ethorobotics ; Robotics ; Mechatronics ; Fish-robot interaction ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Appendiceal disease in hematopoietic cell transplantation

    Zachary Wright / Francis Essien / John Renshaw / Michael Wiggins / Alexander Brown / Michael Osswald

    Clinical Case Reports, Vol 10, Iss 2, Pp n/a-n/a (2022)

    2022  

    Abstract: Abstract Appendiceal diseases are rare reported complications during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with no guidance on management in the published literature. Medical therapy may be considered in selected patients prior to surgical solutions. ...

    Abstract Abstract Appendiceal diseases are rare reported complications during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with no guidance on management in the published literature. Medical therapy may be considered in selected patients prior to surgical solutions.
    Keywords appendiceal disease ; chemotherapy ; hematopoietic stem cell transplant ; immunocompromised ; medical management ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Identifying Patterns of Human and Bird Activities Using Bioacoustic Data

    Renjie Li / Saurabh Garg / Alexander Brown

    Forests, Vol 10, Iss 10, p

    2019  Volume 917

    Abstract: In general, humans and animals often interact within the same environment at the same time. Human activities may disturb or affect some bird activities. Therefore, it is important to monitor and study the relationships between human and animal activities. ...

    Abstract In general, humans and animals often interact within the same environment at the same time. Human activities may disturb or affect some bird activities. Therefore, it is important to monitor and study the relationships between human and animal activities. This paper proposed a system able not only to automatically classify human and bird activities using bioacoustic data, but also to automatically summarize patterns of events over time. To perform automatic summarization of acoustic events, a frequency−duration graph (FDG) framework was proposed to summarize the patterns of human and bird activities. This system first performs data pre-processing work on raw bioacoustic data and then applies a support vector machine (SVM) model and a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) model to classify human and bird chirping activities before using the FDG framework to summarize results. The SVM model achieved 98% accuracy on average and the MLP model achieved 98% accuracy on average across several day-long recordings. Three case studies with real data show that the FDG framework correctly determined the patterns of human and bird activities over time and provided both statistical and graphical insight into the relationships between these two events.
    Keywords bioacoustics ; patterns of events ; event classification ; human activities ; Plant ecology ; QK900-989
    Subject code 006
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Scalable preprocessing of high volume environmental acoustic data for bioacoustic monitoring.

    Alexander Brown / Saurabh Garg / James Montgomery

    PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 8, p e

    2018  Volume 0201542

    Abstract: In this work, we examine the problem of efficiently preprocessing and denoising high volume environmental acoustic data, which is a necessary step in many bird monitoring tasks. Preprocessing is typically made up of multiple steps which are considered ... ...

    Abstract In this work, we examine the problem of efficiently preprocessing and denoising high volume environmental acoustic data, which is a necessary step in many bird monitoring tasks. Preprocessing is typically made up of multiple steps which are considered separately from each other. These are often resource intensive, particularly because the volume of data involved is high. We focus on addressing two challenges within this problem: how to combine existing preprocessing tasks while maximising the effectiveness of each step, and how to process this pipeline quickly and efficiently, so that it can be used to process high volumes of acoustic data. We describe a distributed system designed specifically for this problem, utilising a master-slave model with data parallelisation. By investigating the impact of individual preprocessing tasks on each other, and their execution times, we determine an efficient and accurate order for preprocessing tasks within the distributed system. We find that, using a single core, our pipeline executes 1.40 times faster compared to manually executing all preprocessing tasks. We then apply our pipeline in the distributed system and evaluate its performance. We find that our system is capable of preprocessing bird acoustic recordings at a rate of 174.8 seconds of audio per second of real time with 32 cores over 8 virtual machines, which is 21.76 times faster than a serial process.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 004
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Levels for Hotline Miami 2

    Joseph Alexander Brown / Bulat Lutfullin / Pavel Oreshin / Ilya Pyatkin

    Computers, Vol 7, Iss 2, p

    Wrong Number Using Procedural Content Generations

    2018  Volume 22

    Abstract: Procedural Content Generation is the automatic process for generating game content in order to allow for a decrease in developer resources while adding to the replayability of a digital game. It has been found to be highly effective as a method when ... ...

    Abstract Procedural Content Generation is the automatic process for generating game content in order to allow for a decrease in developer resources while adding to the replayability of a digital game. It has been found to be highly effective as a method when utilized in rougelike games, of which Hotline Miami 2: Wrong Number shares a number of factors. Search based procedural content, in this case, a genetic algorithm, allows for the creation of levels which meet with a number of designer set requirements. The generator proposed provides for an automatic creation of game content for a commercially available game: the level design, object placement, and enemy placement.
    Keywords procedural content generation ; digital games ; genetic algorithms ; petri nets ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: “Time to Talk About It

    Christopher Nagy / Donna Schwabe / Woodson Jones / Alexander Brown / Matthew Shupe / Angelica Mancone / James Camillocci

    MedEdPORTAL, Vol

    Physician Depression and Suicide” Video/Discussion Session for Interns, Residents, and Fellows

    2016  Volume 12

    Abstract: Abstract Introduction Physician wellness has garnered significant recent national attention within graduate medical education (GME). Unfortunately, the resources to proactively address burnout, depression, and suicide are lacking. The “Time to Talk About ...

    Abstract Abstract Introduction Physician wellness has garnered significant recent national attention within graduate medical education (GME). Unfortunately, the resources to proactively address burnout, depression, and suicide are lacking. The “Time to Talk About It: Physician Depression and Suicide” video/discussion session is specifically designed for the GME community. Methods The primary focus of this 60-minute video/discussion session is to promote an open dialogue among interns, residents, and fellows about depression and suicide within the profession of medicine. The centerpiece of the session is a 7-minute video featuring personal accounts from physicians at the San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium (SAUSHEC). The materials associated with the publication include the video, a guide for facilitating group discussion following the video, a list of questions to guide small-group discussions, a session evaluation form, and examples of mental health resources for distribution at the end of the session. Results A field test of the video/discussion session with 22 trainees from the pediatrics residency program at SAUSHEC was very well received. Their average response to “This session was an effective first step in promoting an open dialogue among physicians about depression and suicide within the profession” was 4.5 out of 5 (i.e., Strongly Agree). One hundred percent of participants answered “Yes” to the question “Would you recommend this session to other physicians?” Discussion We hope that this resource will be useful to other institutions around the country as they confront physician burnout, depression, and suicide.
    Keywords Physician Wellness ; Physician Depression ; Physician Suicide ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Education ; L
    Subject code 302
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Association of American Medical Colleges
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Repetitive Traumatic Brain Injury Causes Neuroinflammation before Tau Pathology in Adolescent P301S Mice

    Saef Izzy / Alexander Brown-Whalen / Taha Yahya / Aliyah Sarro-Schwartz / Gina Jin / Joon Yong Chung / Sevda Lule / Liza M. Morsett / Ali Alquraini / Limin Wu / Suzanne E. Hickman / Michael J. Whalen / Joseph El Khoury

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 2, p

    2021  Volume 907

    Abstract: Repetitive closed head injury (rCHI) is commonly encountered in young athletes engaged in contact and collision sports. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) including rCHI has been reported to be an important risk factor for several tauopathies in studies of ... ...

    Abstract Repetitive closed head injury (rCHI) is commonly encountered in young athletes engaged in contact and collision sports. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) including rCHI has been reported to be an important risk factor for several tauopathies in studies of adult humans and animals. However, the link between rCHI and the progression of tau pathology in adolescents remains to be elucidated. We evaluated whether rCHI can trigger the initial acceleration of pathological tau in adolescent mice and impact the long-term outcomes post-injury. To this end, we subjected adolescent transgenic mice expressing the P301S tau mutation to mild rCHI and assessed tau hyperphosphorylation, tangle formation, markers of neuroinflammation, and behavioral deficits at 40 days post rCHI. We report that rCHI did not accelerate tau pathology and did not worsen behavioral outcomes compared to control mice. However, rCHI induced cortical and hippocampal microgliosis and corpus callosum astrocytosis in P301S mice by 40 days post-injury. In contrast, we did not find significant microgliosis or astrocytosis after rCHI in age-matched WT mice or sham-injured P301S mice. Our data suggest that neuroinflammation precedes the development of Tau pathology in this rCHI model of adolescent repetitive mild TBI.
    Keywords concussion ; tau ; adolescents ; traumatic brain injury ; CTE ; microglia ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 572
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Structural characterization of a novel human adeno-associated virus capsid with neurotropic properties

    Hung-Lun Hsu / Alexander Brown / Anna B. Loveland / Anoushka Lotun / Meiyu Xu / Li Luo / Guangchao Xu / Jia Li / Lingzhi Ren / Qin Su / Dominic J. Gessler / Yuquan Wei / Phillip W. L. Tai / Andrei A. Korostelev / Guangping Gao

    Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 14

    Abstract: Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are vehicles for gene therapy in humans, but currently only a limited amount of AAV serotypes is available. Here, the authors identify a novel AAV, AAVv66, and demonstrate enhanced production yields, virion stability, and ... ...

    Abstract Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are vehicles for gene therapy in humans, but currently only a limited amount of AAV serotypes is available. Here, the authors identify a novel AAV, AAVv66, and demonstrate enhanced production yields, virion stability, and CNS transduction compared to the clinically approved serotype AAV2.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Structural characterization of a novel human adeno-associated virus capsid with neurotropic properties

    Hung-Lun Hsu / Alexander Brown / Anna B. Loveland / Anoushka Lotun / Meiyu Xu / Li Luo / Guangchao Xu / Jia Li / Lingzhi Ren / Qin Su / Dominic J. Gessler / Yuquan Wei / Phillip W. L. Tai / Andrei A. Korostelev / Guangping Gao

    Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 14

    Abstract: Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are vehicles for gene therapy in humans, but currently only a limited amount of AAV serotypes is available. Here, the authors identify a novel AAV, AAVv66, and demonstrate enhanced production yields, virion stability, and ... ...

    Abstract Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are vehicles for gene therapy in humans, but currently only a limited amount of AAV serotypes is available. Here, the authors identify a novel AAV, AAVv66, and demonstrate enhanced production yields, virion stability, and CNS transduction compared to the clinically approved serotype AAV2.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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