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  1. Article ; Online: Women's Participation in Household Decision Making and Justification of Wife Beating: A Secondary Data Analysis from Pakistan's Demographic and Health Survey.

    Lassi, Zohra S / Ali, Anna / Meherali, Salima

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2021  Volume 18, Issue 19

    Abstract: Introduction: ...

    Abstract Introduction:
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Data Analysis ; Decision Making ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Pakistan ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Spouses
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph181910011
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  2. Article ; Online: Modelling the Validity of Periodontal Disease Screening Questions in a Nondental Clinical Setting.

    Kapellas, Kostas / Ali, Anna / Jamieson, Lisa M

    International dental journal

    2021  Volume 71, Issue 5, Page(s) 407–413

    Abstract: Objective: Periodontal examinations are time-consuming and potentially uncomfortable for recipients. We modelled if self-reported questions alone, or combined with objective evidence of periodontal bone loss observable from radiographs, are accurate ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Periodontal examinations are time-consuming and potentially uncomfortable for recipients. We modelled if self-reported questions alone, or combined with objective evidence of periodontal bone loss observable from radiographs, are accurate predictors of periodontitis.
    Methods: Self-reported data from the Australian National Survey of Adult Oral Heath 2004-06 were compared with clinical periodontal examinations to assess the validity of 8 periodontitis screening questions in predicting moderate/severe periodontitis. To model alveolar bone loss, a proxy variable simulating radiographic clinical attachment level (rCAL) was created. Three multivariable binary logistic regression models were constructed: responses to 8 screening questions alone (Model 1), screening questions combined with 5 classic periodontitis risk indicators (age, sex, smoking status, country of birth, and diabetes status) (Model 2), and the addition of rCAL (Model 3). Predictive validity was determined via sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) scores and graphically represented using area under the receiver operator characteristic curves (AUROC).
    Results: Data from 3630 participants periodontally examined determined that 32.4% exhibited periodontitis. Periodontitis risk indicators were all significantly associated with periodontitis case status. Six of 8 screening questions (Model 1) were weak periodontitis predictors (Se = 0.28; Sp = 0.89; AUROC = 0.61). Combining 13 variables for (Model 2) improved prediction (Se = 0.55; Sp = 0.81; AUROC = 0.77). The addition of rCAL (Model 3) improved diagnostic capacity considerably (AUROC = 0.86).
    Conclusions: Self-reported questions combined with classic risk indicators are "useful" for periodontitis screening. Addition of radiographs markedly improved diagnostic validity. Based on modelling, nondental health care professionals may provisionally screen for periodontitis with minimal training.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Australia/epidemiology ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Periodontal Attachment Loss ; Periodontitis/diagnosis ; Periodontitis/epidemiology ; Self Report ; Sensitivity and Specificity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218262-2
    ISSN 1875-595X ; 0020-6539
    ISSN (online) 1875-595X
    ISSN 0020-6539
    DOI 10.1016/j.identj.2020.12.013
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  3. Article ; Online: Thirty-Day Unplanned Readmissions Following Elective and Acute Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

    Nguyen, Mau T / Ali, Anna / Ngo, Linh / Ellis, Chris / Psaltis, Peter J / Ranasinghe, Isuru

    Heart, lung & circulation

    2023  Volume 32, Issue 5, Page(s) 619–628

    Abstract: Background: Prior studies have reported a high rate of unplanned readmissions following acute percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Data outside the USA comparing 30-day unplanned readmissions following elective PCI to those who undergo acute PCI ... ...

    Abstract Background: Prior studies have reported a high rate of unplanned readmissions following acute percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Data outside the USA comparing 30-day unplanned readmissions following elective PCI to those who undergo acute PCI remain limited.
    Methods: Patients who underwent a PCI procedure in Australia and New Zealand between 2010 and 2015 were included. We determined the rates, causes and predictors of 30-day unplanned readmissions, as well as rates of repeat revascularisation procedures, for patients who underwent an elective or acute PCI. Predictors of readmissions were identified using logistic regression.
    Results: A total of 199,686 PCI encounters were included, of which 74,890 (37.5%) were elective and 124,796 (62.5%) were acute procedures. Overall, 10.6% of patients had at least one unplanned readmission within 30 days of discharge with lower rates following elective PCI (7.0%) compared to acute PCI (12.7%) (p<0.01). Non-specific chest pain was the commonest cause of readmission after elective and acute PCI, accounting for 20.7% and 21.5% of readmission diagnoses, respectively. Readmissions for acute myocardial infarction (13.0% vs 4.6%, p<0.01) and heart failure (6.5% vs 3.3%, p<0.01) were higher following acute PCI compared to elective PCI. Among readmitted patients, 16.7% had a coronary catheterisation, 12.2% had a PCI and 0.7% had coronary artery bypass surgery. Multivariable predictors of 30-day unplanned readmission included female sex and comorbidities such as heart failure, metastatic disease, chronic lung disease and renal failure (p<0.0001 for all).
    Conclusions: Unplanned readmissions following elective or acute PCI are high. Clinical and quality-control measures are required to prevent avoidable readmissions in both settings.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Patient Readmission ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/adverse effects ; Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology ; Comorbidity ; Heart Failure ; Risk Factors ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-30
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2020980-0
    ISSN 1444-2892 ; 1443-9506
    ISSN (online) 1444-2892
    ISSN 1443-9506
    DOI 10.1016/j.hlc.2023.02.013
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    Zs.A 4988: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
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  4. Article ; Online: Prevalence and determinants of contraception use in Pakistan: trend analysis from the Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys (PDHS) dataset from 1990 to 2018.

    Meherali, Salima / Ali, Anna / Khaliq, Asif / Lassi, Zohra S

    F1000Research

    2021  Volume 10, Page(s) 790

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    MeSH term(s) Contraception ; Contraception Behavior ; Family Planning Services ; Female ; Humans ; Pakistan/epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2699932-8
    ISSN 2046-1402 ; 2046-1402
    ISSN (online) 2046-1402
    ISSN 2046-1402
    DOI 10.12688/f1000research.55204.1
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  5. Article ; Online: Multiple Rebound-Associated Vertebral Fractures after Denosumab Discontinuation: Is Prompt Antiresorptive Therapy Always Recommended,Even When the Risk of Fracture Seems Low? A Case Report.

    Osella, Giangiacomo / Puglisi, Soraya / Alì, Anna / Reimondo, Giuseppe / Terzolo, Massimo

    Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 12, Page(s) 2303–2306

    Abstract: Background: Non-osteoporotic patients with endocrine-sensitive breast cancer are often treated with denosumab only during the anti-aromatase treatment, and when the anti-aromatase therapy is discontinued, no antiresorptive drug is prescribed. This case ... ...

    Abstract Background: Non-osteoporotic patients with endocrine-sensitive breast cancer are often treated with denosumab only during the anti-aromatase treatment, and when the anti-aromatase therapy is discontinued, no antiresorptive drug is prescribed. This case report clearly shows how even a patient with a low risk of fractures could have multiple rebound vertebral fractures after denosumab discontinuation.
    Case presentation: We report the case of a 60-year-old woman who suffered from multiple vertebral fractures only seven months after discontinuation of denosumab that had been administered to prevent bone loss related to three years of aromatase inhibitors as adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. No antiresorptive therapy was prescribed at the time of denosumab discontinuation, assuming that the patient had a low absolute risk of fracture after the withdrawal of the aromatase inhibitor.
    Conclusion: This case underlines the relative irrelevance of bone mineral density and clinical algorithms in predicting the risk of rebound-associated vertebral fractures after denosumab discontinuation and the strong recommendation to always switch to another antiresorptive therapy (such as zoledronic acid) immediately at the time of denosumab discontinuation.
    MeSH term(s) Bone Density ; Bone Density Conservation Agents/adverse effects ; Denosumab/adverse effects ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/complications ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/drug therapy ; Spinal Fractures/diagnostic imaging ; Spinal Fractures/etiology
    Chemical Substances Bone Density Conservation Agents ; Denosumab (4EQZ6YO2HI)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-08
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2228325-0
    ISSN 2212-3873 ; 1871-5303
    ISSN (online) 2212-3873
    ISSN 1871-5303
    DOI 10.2174/1871530321666210708142127
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    Zs.A 5824: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Ten-year trends in mortality and complications following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.

    Ngo, Linh / Ali, Anna / Ganesan, Anand / Woodman, Richard / Adams, Robert / Ranasinghe, Isuru

    European heart journal. Quality of care & clinical outcomes

    2022  Volume 8, Issue 4, Page(s) 398–408

    Abstract: Aims: Recent US studies report rising rates of mortality and in-hospital complications following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF), but whether this is a global phenomenon is uncertain. The aim of this study was to examine trends in 30-day ... ...

    Abstract Aims: Recent US studies report rising rates of mortality and in-hospital complications following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF), but whether this is a global phenomenon is uncertain. The aim of this study was to examine trends in 30-day mortality and complications following AF ablation in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) from 2008 to 2017.
    Methods and results: We identified 37 243 AF (mean age 62.4 ± 11.5 years, 29.6% females, 94.5% elective procedures) ablations using national hospitalization data. The primary outcome was occurrence of any complication, including all-cause mortality, within 30 days of discharge. Trends were evaluated using logistic regression adjusting for changes in patient characteristics. The annual number of ablations increased from 1359 (2008) to 5115 (2017). Patients' age and rates of heart failure (9.8-10.6%), diabetes (6.8-12.4%), and chronic kidney disease (2.2-4.1%) also increased over time. From 2008 to 2017, the overall rate of complications declined from 7.51% to 5.04% [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.96 (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.94-0.97)/year]. Rates of pericardial effusion [1.69-0.70%, aOR 0.93 (0.89-0.97)], bleeding [4.49-2.74%, aOR 0.94 (0.92-0.96)], and vascular injury [0.52-0.16%, aOR 0.91 (0.85-0.98)] declined, but rates of acute kidney injury [0.15-0.68%, aOR 1.16 (1.08-1.25)] and infection [0.15-0.57%, aOR 1.07 (1.01-1.14)] increased over time. The overall 30-day mortality rate was low (0.11%) and unchanged [0.00-0.16%, aOR 0.99 (0.88-1.11)].
    Conclusion: Despite a five-fold increase in AF ablations and the rising risk profile of patients, complications following AF ablation declined by 30% from 2008 to 2017 in ANZ. Procedure-related death was uncommon and occurred in less than 1 in 850 patients.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology ; Atrial Fibrillation/surgery ; Catheter Ablation/adverse effects ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Discharge ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2823451-0
    ISSN 2058-1742 ; 2058-5225
    ISSN (online) 2058-1742
    ISSN 2058-5225
    DOI 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcab102
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  7. Article ; Online: Association between self-reported periodontitis and high-risk oral human papillomavirus infection among Indigenous South Australians: A cross-sectional study.

    Ali, Anna / Rumbold, Alice R / Kapellas, Kostas / Lassi, Zohra S / Hedges, Joanne / Jamieson, Lisa

    PloS one

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 3, Page(s) e0265840

    Abstract: Introduction: The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is increasing globally, reflecting an increase in human papillomavirus (HPV)-related lesions. Indigenous populations are disproportionately affected by OPSCCs. Currently, ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is increasing globally, reflecting an increase in human papillomavirus (HPV)-related lesions. Indigenous populations are disproportionately affected by OPSCCs. Currently, testing for oral HPV is not recommended as a screening tool to permit early detection of OPSCCs due to the high population prevalence of HPV infection. Periodontitis may be a marker of oral HPV infection, but previous research evaluating this association has been inconclusive. Here we report a large population-based study examining the association between high-risk oral HPV infection and periodontitis among Indigenous South Australians.
    Methods: We utilised a large convenience sample of Indigenous South Australians aged 18+ years recruited between February 2018 and February 2020. Of the original cohort (n = 1011), 748 (73.9%) participants participated in the 12 month follow-up. Detailed information on sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviours, and sexual history were collected at enrolment. Saliva samples were collected at 12 months and tested for the presence of oral HPV DNA using the optimized general primer (GP) + PCR system. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of any high-risk oral HPV DNA, and separately, HPV 16 and/or 18. Periodontitis was assessed at follow-up by using validated self-reported periodontitis screening questions. Logistic regression analyses were undertaken to assess the association between self-reported periodontitis and oral HPV infection with adjustment for potential sociodemographic and behavioural confounders, with estimates presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
    Results: Data on 673 participants (89.9% of the follow-up cohort) were available. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 80 (mean age 42.2, SD 14.7) and 31.5% were male. Overall, 115 (17.1%) participants had self-reported periodontitis, 40 (5.9%) had any high-risk oral HPV and 14 (2.1%) had HPV 16 and/or 18. Any high-risk HPV was detected among seven (17.5%) participants and HPV 16 and/or 18 was detected in three (21.4%) who self-reported periodontitis. In the regression analyses no significant association was found between self-reported periodontitis and high-risk oral HPV (adjusted OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 0.45-2.70) or HPV 16 and/or 18 (adjusted OR: 1.27; 95% CI: 0.32-5.03).
    Conclusion: This study did not find any association between self-reported periodontitis and high-risk oral HPV among Indigenous South Australians. Further targeted studies with standardized clinical measures of periodontal disease are needed to clarify the link between high-risk oral HPV and periodontal disease. If confirmed this would add further weight to the importance of recommendations about the utility of periodontitis screening to identify individuals at risk of carrying high-risk oral HPV, who may benefit from more intensive screening and ongoing monitoring.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Alphapapillomavirus ; Australia/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Humans ; Male ; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/complications ; Papillomaviridae/genetics ; Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Periodontitis/complications ; Periodontitis/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Self Report ; South Australia
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0265840
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  8. Article ; Online: Modifiable and Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for Premature Coronary Heart Disease (PCHD): Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Khoja, Adeel / Andraweera, Prabha H / Lassi, Zohra S / Padhani, Zahra A / Ali, Anna / Zheng, Mingyue / Pathirana, Maleesa M / Aldridge, Emily / Wittwer, Melanie R / Chaudhuri, Debajyoti D / Tavella, Rosanna / Arstall, Margaret A

    Heart, lung & circulation

    2024  Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) 265–280

    Abstract: Aim: We aimed to compare the prevalence of modifiable and non-modifiable coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors among those with premature CHD and healthy individuals.: Methods: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched ( ... ...

    Abstract Aim: We aimed to compare the prevalence of modifiable and non-modifiable coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors among those with premature CHD and healthy individuals.
    Methods: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched (review protocol is registered in PROSPERO CRD42020173216). The quality of studies was assessed using the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute tool for cross-sectional, cohort and case-control studies. Meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3. Effect sizes for categorical and continuous variables, odds ratio (OR) and mean differences (MD)/standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported.
    Results: A total of n=208 primary studies were included in this review. Individuals presenting with premature CHD (PCHD, age ≤65 years) had higher mean body mass index (MD 0.54 kg/m
    Conclusion: This meta-analysis confirms current knowledge of risk factors for PCHD, and identifying these early may reduce CHD in young adults.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Risk Factors ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Cholesterol
    Chemical Substances Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-16
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2020980-0
    ISSN 1444-2892 ; 1443-9506
    ISSN (online) 1444-2892
    ISSN 1443-9506
    DOI 10.1016/j.hlc.2023.12.012
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  9. Article ; Online: Gender differences in complications following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.

    Ngo, Linh / Ali, Anna / Ganesan, Anand / Woodman, Richard / Adams, Robert / Ranasinghe, Isuru

    European heart journal. Quality of care & clinical outcomes

    2021  Volume 7, Issue 5, Page(s) 458–467

    Abstract: Aims: Population studies that provide unbiased estimates of gender differences in risk of complications following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) are sparse. We sought to evaluate the association of female gender and risk of complications ... ...

    Abstract Aims: Population studies that provide unbiased estimates of gender differences in risk of complications following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) are sparse. We sought to evaluate the association of female gender and risk of complications following AF ablation in a nationwide cohort.
    Methods and results: We identified 35 211 patients (29.5% females) undergoing AF ablations from 2008 to 2017 using national hospitalization data from Australia and New Zealand. The primary outcome was any procedural complication occurring up to 30-days after discharge. Logistic regression was used to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics between sexes. Compared with males, females were older (mean age 64.9 vs. 61.2 years), had higher rates of hypertension (14.0% vs. 11.6%) and haematological disorders (5.3% vs. 3.8%) and experienced a higher rate of procedural complications (6.96% vs. 5.41%) (all P < 0.001). This gender disparity remained significant after adjustment [odds ratio (OR) 1.25 (95% confidence interval 1.14-1.38), P < 0.001] and was driven by an increased risk of vascular injury [OR 1.86 (1.23-2.82), P = 0.003], pericarditis [OR 1.86 (1.16-2.67), P = 0.008], pericardial effusion [OR 1.71 (1.35-2.17), P < 0.001), and bleeding [OR 1.30 (1.15-1.46), P < 0.001]. Notably, the gender difference persisted over time [OR for the most recent period 1.19 (1.003-1.422), P = 0.046] despite a declining complication rate in both men and women.
    Conclusion: Females undergoing AF ablations experienced a 25% higher risk of procedural complications compared with males, a disparity that has persisted over time despite a falling complication rate. Efforts to reduce this gender disparity should focus on reducing the incidence of pericardial effusion, pericarditis, vascular injury, and bleeding.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology ; Atrial Fibrillation/etiology ; Atrial Fibrillation/surgery ; Catheter Ablation/adverse effects ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sex Factors ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2823451-0
    ISSN 2058-1742 ; 2058-5225
    ISSN (online) 2058-1742
    ISSN 2058-5225
    DOI 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcab035
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  10. Article ; Online: Utilisation and safety of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in public and private sector hospitals.

    Ngo, Linh / Ali, Anna / Ganesan, Anand / Woodman, Richard J / Adams, Robert / Ranasinghe, Isuru

    BMC health services research

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 883

    Abstract: Background: Little is known about the utilisation and safety of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) among public and private sector hospitals.: Aims: To examine the uptake of AF ablations and compare procedural safety between the sectors.!## ...

    Abstract Background: Little is known about the utilisation and safety of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) among public and private sector hospitals.
    Aims: To examine the uptake of AF ablations and compare procedural safety between the sectors.
    Method: Hospitalisation data from all public and private hospitals in four large Australian states (NSW, QLD, VIC and WA) were used to identify patients undergoing AF ablation from 2012 to 17. The primary endpoint was any procedure-related complications up to 30-days post-discharge. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between treatment at a public hospital and risk of complications adjusting for covariates.
    Results: Private hospitals performed most of the 21,654 AF ablations identified (n = 16,992, 78.5 %), on patients who were older (63.5 vs. 59.9y) but had lower rates of heart failure (7.9 % vs. 10.4 %), diabetes (10.2 % vs. 14.1 %), and chronic kidney diseases (2.4 % vs. 5.2 %) (all p < 0.001) than those treated in public hospitals. When compared with private hospitals, public hospitals had a higher crude rate of complications (7.25 % vs. 4.70 %, p < 0.001). This difference remained significant after adjustment (OR 1.74 [95 % CI 1.54-2.04]) and it occurred with both in-hospital (OR 1.83 [1.57-2.14]) and post-discharge (OR 1.39 [1.06-1.83]) complications, with certain complications including acute kidney injury (OR 5.31 [3.02-9.36]), cardiac surgery (OR 5.18 [2.19-12.27]), and pericardial effusion (OR 2.18 [1.50-3.16]).
    Conclusions: Private hospitals performed most of AF ablations in Australia with a lower rate of complications when compared with public hospitals. Further investigations are needed to identify the precise mechanisms of this observed difference.
    MeSH term(s) Aftercare ; Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology ; Atrial Fibrillation/surgery ; Australia/epidemiology ; Catheter Ablation/adverse effects ; Hospitals, Private ; Humans ; Patient Discharge ; Private Sector ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1472-6963
    ISSN (online) 1472-6963
    DOI 10.1186/s12913-021-06874-7
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