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  1. AU="Alipour, Elnaz"
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  1. Article ; Online: Concentration, spatial distribution, and non-carcinogenic risk assessment of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead in drinking water in rural areas of eight cities of West Azarbaijan province, Iran.

    Alipour, Elnaz / Aghapour, Ali Ahmad / Bahrami Asl, Farshad

    Environmental science and pollution research international

    2024  Volume 31, Issue 13, Page(s) 20222–20233

    Abstract: Exposure to heavy metals through drinking water can cause significant adverse health effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the concentration, spatial distribution, and assessment of non-carcinogenic risk attributed to exposure to ... ...

    Abstract Exposure to heavy metals through drinking water can cause significant adverse health effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the concentration, spatial distribution, and assessment of non-carcinogenic risk attributed to exposure to arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in rural areas of eight cities of the West Azerbaijan province of Iran. Eighty-five water samples were taken from randomly selected drinking water wells in the rural areas, and the concentration of the heavy metals was measured by using standard methods. The concentration distribution maps were drawn, and the non-carcinogenic health risks for ingestion and dermal exposure pathways were calculated in four age groups (including infants, children, teenagers, and adults). According to the obtained results, arsenic is considered as the most worrying pollutant among the investigated heavy metals. The maximum measured concentration for arsenic was 371.9 μg/L, which is 37 times the maximum permissible limit. The results of the health risk assessment illustrate that exposure to heavy metals via dermal contact do not pose significant non-carcinogenic risks. However, the calculated non-carcinogenic risks for oral exposure to arsenic were very high and concerning. The highest hazard quotient for oral exposure to arsenic was related to rural of city G (82.64). It is recommended to take the necessary measures as soon as possible regarding the supply of safe drinking water in the studied areas.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Child ; Infant ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Arsenic/analysis ; Cadmium ; Drinking Water/analysis ; Chromium ; Lead ; Cities ; Iran ; Metals, Heavy/analysis ; Risk Assessment/methods ; Environmental Monitoring
    Chemical Substances Arsenic (N712M78A8G) ; Cadmium (00BH33GNGH) ; Drinking Water ; Chromium (0R0008Q3JB) ; Lead (2P299V784P) ; Metals, Heavy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-19
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1178791-0
    ISSN 1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
    ISSN (online) 1614-7499
    ISSN 0944-1344
    DOI 10.1007/s11356-024-32433-8
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  2. Article ; Online: Self-organization of domain structures by DNA-loop-extruding enzymes.

    Alipour, Elnaz / Marko, John F

    Nucleic acids research

    2012  Volume 40, Issue 22, Page(s) 11202–11212

    Abstract: The long chromosomal DNAs of cells are organized into loop domains much larger in size than individual DNA-binding enzymes, presenting the question of how formation of such structures is controlled. We present a model for generation of defined ... ...

    Abstract The long chromosomal DNAs of cells are organized into loop domains much larger in size than individual DNA-binding enzymes, presenting the question of how formation of such structures is controlled. We present a model for generation of defined chromosomal loops, based on molecular machines consisting of two coupled and oppositely directed motile elements which extrude loops from the double helix along which they translocate, while excluding one another sterically. If these machines do not dissociate from DNA (infinite processivity), a disordered, exponential steady-state distribution of small loops is obtained. However, if dissociation and rebinding of the machines occurs at a finite rate (finite processivity), the steady state qualitatively changes to a highly ordered 'stacked' configuration with suppressed fluctuations, organizing a single large, stable loop domain anchored by several machines. The size of the resulting domain can be simply regulated by boundary elements, which halt the progress of the extrusion machines. Possible realizations of these types of molecular machines are discussed, with a major focus on structural maintenance of chromosome complexes and also with discussion of type I restriction enzymes. This mechanism could explain the geometrically uniform folding of eukaryote mitotic chromosomes, through extrusion of pre-programmed loops and concomitant chromosome compaction.
    MeSH term(s) Chromosomes/chemistry ; Computer Simulation ; DNA/chemistry ; DNA/metabolism ; Enzymes/metabolism ; Models, Genetic ; Nucleic Acid Conformation
    Chemical Substances Enzymes ; DNA (9007-49-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-10-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 186809-3
    ISSN 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954 ; 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    ISSN (online) 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954
    ISSN 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    DOI 10.1093/nar/gks925
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  3. Article ; Online: Phospholipid Bilayers: Stability and Encapsulation of Nanoparticles.

    Alipour, Elnaz / Halverson, Duncan / McWhirter, Samantha / Walker, Gilbert C

    Annual review of physical chemistry

    2017  Volume 68, Page(s) 261–283

    Abstract: Nanoparticles are widely studied for their potential medical uses in diagnostics and therapeutics. The interface between a nanoparticle and its target has been a focus of research, both to guide the nanoparticle and to prevent it from deactivating. Given ...

    Abstract Nanoparticles are widely studied for their potential medical uses in diagnostics and therapeutics. The interface between a nanoparticle and its target has been a focus of research, both to guide the nanoparticle and to prevent it from deactivating. Given nature's frequent use of phospholipid vesicles as carriers, much attention has been paid to phospholipids as a vehicle for drug delivery. The physical chemistry of bilayer formation and nanoparticle encapsulation is complex, touching on fundamental properties of hydrophobicity. Understanding the design rules for particle synthesis and encapsulation is an active area of research. The aim of this review is to provide a perspective on what preparative guideposts have been empirically discovered and how these are related to theoretical understanding. In addition, we aim to summarize how modern theory is beginning to help guide the design of functional particles that can effectively cross biological membranes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017--05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1470474-2
    ISSN 1545-1593 ; 0066-426X
    ISSN (online) 1545-1593
    ISSN 0066-426X
    DOI 10.1146/annurev-physchem-040215-112634
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