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Article ; Online: Assessing landscape suitability and connectivity for effective conservation of two semi‐desert ungulates in Iran

Kamran Almasieh / Alireza Mohammadi

Conservation Science and Practice, Vol 5, Iss 12, Pp n/a-n/a (2023)

2023

Abstract: Abstract Conservation outside conservation areas (CAs) is more challenging due to increased exposure to human‐induced disturbances. Therefore, it is important to identify and designate new CAs that can protect core wildlife habitat patches, as well as ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Conservation outside conservation areas (CAs) is more challenging due to increased exposure to human‐induced disturbances. Therefore, it is important to identify and designate new CAs that can protect core wildlife habitat patches, as well as key linkages to promote connectivity. We performed this study to identify and prioritize core habitat patches and corridors for two semi‐desert sympatric gazelles in Iran (i.e., goitered gazelle Gazella subgutturosa and jebeer gazelle G. bennettii) in order to propose the expansion of existing CAs. We used an ensemble distribution modeling approach based on three algorithms (random forest, maximum entropy, and generalized boosting models) for habitat suitability assessment and a combination of resistant kernel and factorial least‐cost path analysis for connectivity modeling. Our results revealed that distance to CAs, elevation, and annual mean temperature were the most influential variables for predicting the distribution of the two gazelle species. We identified 12 and six core habitat patches for goitered gazelle and jebeer gazelle, respectively with a minimum area of 210 km2. Core habitat patches were mainly occurred in the north of the central basin of Iran with a high priority for the conservation of both species. CAs protected up to half of core habitat patches for goitered gazelle and one‐third of core habitat patches for jebeer gazelle. Due to human‐induced disturbances (e.g., vehicle collisions and poaching) outside CAs, it is necessary to increase regular monitoring and establish new CAs based on the identified core habitat patches for the two gazelles. Our findings highlight opportunities of designating new CAs for wildlife habitat and corridors conservation and for promoting connectivity by limiting road impacts.
Keywords	conservation areas ; corridors ; goitered gazelle ; habitat suitability ; jebeer gazelle ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5 ; General. Including nature conservation ; geographical distribution ; QH1-199.5
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wiley
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Pedestrian Road Traffic Accidents in Metropolitan Areas

Alireza Mohammadi / Behzad Kiani / Hassan Mahmoudzadeh / Robert Bergquist

Sustainability, Vol 15, Iss 10576, p

GIS-Based Prediction Modelling of Cases in Mashhad, Iran

2023 Volume 10576

Abstract: This study utilised multi-year data from 5354 incidents to predict pedestrian–road traffic accidents (PTAs) based on twelve socioeconomic and built-environment factors. The research employed the logistic regression model (LRM) and the fuzzy-analytical ... ...

Abstract	This study utilised multi-year data from 5354 incidents to predict pedestrian–road traffic accidents (PTAs) based on twelve socioeconomic and built-environment factors. The research employed the logistic regression model (LRM) and the fuzzy-analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) techniques to evaluate and assign weights to each factor. The susceptibility map for PTAs is generated using the “Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)”. Subsequently, the probability of accidents in 2020 was predicted using real multi-year accident data and the Markov chain (MC) and cellular automata Markov chain (CA-MC) models, with the prediction accuracy assessed using the Kappa index. Building upon promising results, the model was extrapolated to forecast the probability of accidents in 2023. The findings of the LRM demonstrated the significance of the selected variables as predictors of accident likelihood. The prediction approaches identified areas prone to high-risk accidents. Additionally, the Kappa for no information (KNO) statistical value was calculated for both the MC and CA-MC models, which yielded values of 0.94 and 0.88, respectively, signifying a high level of accuracy. The proposed methodology is generalizable, and the identification of high-risk locations can aid urban planners in devising appropriate preventive measures.
Keywords	pedestrian road traffic accident ; spatial susceptibility index ; cellular automata ; Markov chain ; traffic injury ; spatial modelling ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	380
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Quantifying Landscape Degradation Following Construction of a Highway Using Landscape Metrics in Southern Iran

Alireza Mohammadi / Faezeh Fatemizadeh

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Vol

2021 Volume 9

Abstract: Rapid expansion of roads is among the strongest drivers of the loss and degradation of natural habitats. The goal of the present study is to quantify landscape fragmentation and degradation before and after the construction of the Isfahan-Shiraz highway ... ...

Abstract	Rapid expansion of roads is among the strongest drivers of the loss and degradation of natural habitats. The goal of the present study is to quantify landscape fragmentation and degradation before and after the construction of the Isfahan-Shiraz highway in southern Iran. To this end, the ecological impacts of the highway on forests, rangelands, and protected areas were evaluated. Impacts of the construction of the highway were studied within a 1,000-m buffer around the road, which was then overlaid on maps of forests, rangelands, and protected areas. Class area, number of patches, largest patch index, edge density, landscape shape index, mean patch size, and patch cohesion index were used to gauge changes in the spatial configuration of the landscape; the ecological impacts of the highway were quantified using effective mesh size (MESH), division index, and splitting index. The results indicated that after the construction of the highway, 6,406.9 ha of forest habitat, 16,647.1 ha of rangeland habitat, and 912 of the Tang-e Bostanak Protected Area will be lost. The effective MESH metric showed that after the construction of the highway, the area of forest, rangeland habitats and protected area will decrease by 20,537, 49,149, and 71,822 ha, respectively. Our findings revealed drastic habitat loss and landscape fragmentation associated with construction of the highway, serving as references for conservation planning and development.
Keywords	habitat fragmentation ; highway construction ; forest ; rangeland ; Tang-e Bostanak Protected Area ; Evolution ; QH359-425 ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
Subject code	710
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Capacity Assessment of Flood Crisis Management Stages in Ilam City from the Perspective of Target Groups

Qobad Tahmasebi / Alireza Mohammadi

جغرافیا و توسعه, Vol 19, Iss 65, Pp 227-

2021 Volume 256

Abstract: One of the so-called hidden challenges is the occurrence of floods as an increasing risk. However, effective policy-making, providing the necessary facilities and resources, formulating appropriate forecasts, preparing appropriate scenarios and ... ...

Abstract	One of the so-called hidden challenges is the occurrence of floods as an increasing risk. However, effective policy-making, providing the necessary facilities and resources, formulating appropriate forecasts, preparing appropriate scenarios and implementing planned actions in the pre-crisis, post-crisis and post-crisis stages are among the main tasks of institutions. It is governmental, but the way these tasks are performed varies at the levels of political management. In this research, while assessing the capacity of crisis management stages of flood occurrence in Ilam city, this issue is examined from the perspective of the target groups. The research approach is applied in terms of purpose and methodologically. The study of the basics and extraction of study indicators by the library method and in the field section was based on the survey method of the target groups and the use of questionnaires and interviews. In the work process, one-sample t-tests and factor analysis have been used. According to the theoretical approaches of crisis management and by measuring how to react to it, 45 variables extracted from the basics were provided to 73 experts, experts, managers, members of associations and relevant urban institutions in the form of a Likert questionnaire in the form of a snowball questionnaire. Evaluating the variables with unfavorable status among the variables measured by flood crisis management based on the sample test of multivariate variables of management and vulnerability, are directly related to each other and lack of physical management and lack of sustainable regeneration of worn urban structures as undesirable
Keywords	crisis management ; urban flood ; urban management integrity ; target groups ; ilam city ; Geography (General) ; G1-922
Subject code	710 ; 650
Language	Persian
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	University of Sistan and Baluchestan
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Correction

Sahar Rezaei / Alireza Mohammadi / Roberta Bencini / Thomas Rooney / Morteza Naderi

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 10, p e

Identifying connectivity for two sympatric carnivores in human-dominated landscapes in central Iran.

2023 Volume 0293794

Abstract: This corrects the article DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0269179.]. ...

Abstract	[This corrects the article DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0269179.].
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Determining the distribution factors of an endangered large carnivore

Mohammad Reza Ashrafzadeh / Kamalaldin Shahbazinasab / Alireza Mohammadi / Vincenzo Penteriani

Global Ecology and Conservation, Vol 46, Iss , Pp e02590- (2023)

A case study of the brown bear Ursus arctos population in the Central Zagros Mountains, Southwest Iran

2023

Abstract: Human encroachment in natural habitats and consequent landscape modifications pose significant threats to animal populations, particularly endangered species. Therefore, studying the factors that determine the spatial distribution of large carnivores, ... ...

Abstract	Human encroachment in natural habitats and consequent landscape modifications pose significant threats to animal populations, particularly endangered species. Therefore, studying the factors that determine the spatial distribution of large carnivores, including those at risk, holds great significance in developing effective conservation strategies. Among the most endangered bear populations worldwide, the conservation of the brown bear Ursus arctos population in the Central Zagros Mountains (southwestern Iran), which represents the species’ southernmost geographical range, is currently facing serious challenges. However, little is known about the species’ geographical range and the critical factors affecting its distribution in this area. Here, we employed a modelling approach to estimate the geographical distribution of this brown bear population and identify the primary landscape features that contribute to the species’ distribution. Our analysis revealed the following findings: (1) about 45% of the study area comprises suitable habitat for brown bears; (2) main factors influencing bear distribution, along with their respective contributions, are (a) distance to conservation areas and prohibited hunting areas (CAs/PHAs; 33.7%), (b) maximum temperature during the warmest month (21.6%), (c) landscape roughness (14.8%), (d) forest density (11.2%) and (e) mean annul precipitation (10.6%); and (3) roughly 69% the predicted suitable habitats exist outside CAs/PHAs. This highlights the importance of considering areas beyond CAs/PHAs in future conservation strategies, were the connectivity among forest patches is crucial for bear survival. The recent escalation of human activities, such as the harvesting of natural resources (e.g., medicinal and aromatic plants, fruits and honey), orchard and agricultural development, overgrazing of livestock, and the construction of water transfer infrastructures from the mountains to downstream regions, raises significant concerns for bear conservation in the study area. These ...
Keywords	Human encroachment ; Landscape alterations ; Large carnivores ; Brown bear ; Conservation areas ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Identifying core habitats and corridors of a near threatened carnivore, striped hyaena (Hyaena hyaena) in southwestern Iran

Kamran Almasieh / Alireza Mohammadi / Rahim Alvandi

Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract Conservation of large carnivores requires preservation of extensive core habitats and linkages among them. The goal of this study was to identify core habitats and corridors by predicting habitat suitability (an ensemble approach), and ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Conservation of large carnivores requires preservation of extensive core habitats and linkages among them. The goal of this study was to identify core habitats and corridors by predicting habitat suitability (an ensemble approach), and calculating resistant kernel and factorial least-cost path modeling for a relatively unknown carnivore, the striped hyaena in Khuzestan area in southwestern Iran. We used the procedure of spatial randomization test to evaluate the coincidence of striped hyaena road crossing with the predicted corridors. The results revealed that elevation, distance to conservation areas, categorical climate and grasslands density were the most influential variables for predicting the occurrence of the striped hyaena in the study area. In the estimated dispersal distance of 70 km, four core habitats were identified. The largest core habitat was located in the northeast of the study area with the highest connectivity contribution. Only about 12% and 1.5% of core habitats and corridors were protected by conservation areas, respectively. Predicted corridors, crossed by roads represented a high risk for striped hyaenas. Adaptive management plan throughout the landscape (conservation of core habitats and corridors, and reducing species mortality on the roads) must be considered by wildlife managers in Iran.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Combining multiscale niche modeling, landscape connectivity, and gap analysis to prioritize habitats for conservation of striped hyaena (Hyaena hyaena).

Sahar Rezaei / Alireza Mohammadi / Shima Malakoutikhah / Rasoul Khosravi

PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 2, p e

2022 Volume 0260807

Abstract: Identifying spatial gaps in conservation networks requires information on species-environment relationships, and prioritization of habitats and corridors. We combined multi-extent niche modeling, landscape connectivity, and gap analysis to investigate ... ...

Abstract	Identifying spatial gaps in conservation networks requires information on species-environment relationships, and prioritization of habitats and corridors. We combined multi-extent niche modeling, landscape connectivity, and gap analysis to investigate scale-dependent environmental relationships, and identify core habitats and corridors for a little-known carnivore in Iran, the striped hyaena (Hyaena hyaena). This species is threatened in Iran by road vehicle collisions and direct killing. Therefore, understanding the factors that affect its habitat suitability, spatial pattern of distribution, and connectivity among them are prerequisite steps to delineate strategies aiming at human-striped hyaena co-existence. The results showed that the highest predictive power and extent of habitats was obtained at the extent sizes of 4 and 2 km, respectively. Also, connectivity analysis revealed that the extent and number of core habitats and corridors changed with increasing dispersal distance, and approximately 21% of the landscape was found to support corridors. The results of gap analysis showed that 15-17% of the core habitats overlapped with conservation areas. Given the body size of the species, its mobility, and lack of significant habitat specialization we conclude that this species would be more strongly influenced by changes in habitat amount rather than landscape configuration. Our approach showed that the scale of variables and dispersal ability must be accounted for in conservation efforts to prioritize habitats and corridors, and designing conservation areas. Our results could facilitate the conservation of striped hyaena through the identification and prioritization of habitats, establishment of conservation areas, and mitigating conflicts in corridors.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Analysis of Spatial Distribution Pattern of Ardabil Province ‎Industries ‎by Using Spatial Statistics in GIS Environment

Sepideh Noori / Alireza Mohammadi

تحقيقات جغرافيايی, Vol 34, Iss 1, Pp 97-

2019 Volume 108

Abstract: Background and Amis: Unbalanced spatial distribution of industries in most regions of the developing countries, can be have undesirable economic, environmental and social effects. Understanding the spatial distribution patterns of industries is essential ...

Abstract	Background and Amis: Unbalanced spatial distribution of industries in most regions of the developing countries, can be have undesirable economic, environmental and social effects. Understanding the spatial distribution patterns of industries is essential for their planning and distribution in the regions.The aim of present study is to analyze the distribution and spatial patterns of Ardabil ‎province industries. Another purpose of this study is to identify the main hubs of ‎industries and the relationship between the spatial distribution of industries with ‎economic, social and environmental variables. Recognition of spatial patterns and ‎spatial behavior of industries is essential for proper spatial planning of the regions. ‎This knowledge helps decision makers and planners to take proper measures.‎ Methodology: This research methods are descriptive and analytic. The statistical population of this research includes 1700 active industrial spaces in Ardebil province. The data of these industrial spaces were obtained from the organization of industry, mining and trade of Ardebil province and recorded in the geographic information system (GIS). In this research, spatial statistical methods such as standard distance, Moran’s spatial correlation index, General G* ord statistical model and geographic weighted regression (GWR) model are used. Findings:The research findings show that: a) the spatial distribution pattern of industries in Ardebil province is highly unbalanced and cluster; b) the geographical distribution of the northern part of the industry; c) the center of gravity of the focus of the industrial spaces towards the central parts of the province , C) Ardebil city is the dominant center of attraction of industrial activities; d) There is a significant relationship between population variables, migration rate, urbanization rate, employment rate in industrial sector, topography and hydrology, with the distribution pattern of industries. Conclusion: As a result, the distribution of industries in the province of Ardebil is clustered and unbalanced. At the end, recommendations are presented based on research findings.
Keywords	spatial analysis ; industry distribution ; spatial planning ; spatial justice ; spatial statistics ; gis ; ‎ardebil province. ‎ ; Geography (General) ; G1-922
Subject code	910
Language	Persian
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Afarand Scholarly Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Identifying connectivity for two sympatric carnivores in human-dominated landscapes in central Iran

Sahar Rezaei / Alireza Mohammadi / Roberta Bencini / Thomas Rooney / Morteza Naderi

PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss

2022 Volume 6

Abstract: Central Iran supports a diversity of carnivores, most of which are threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. Carnivore conservation requires the identification and preservation of core habitats and ensuring connectivity between them. In the present ... ...

Abstract	Central Iran supports a diversity of carnivores, most of which are threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. Carnivore conservation requires the identification and preservation of core habitats and ensuring connectivity between them. In the present study, we used species distribution modeling to predict habitat suitability and connectivity modeling to predict linkage (resistant kernel and factorial least-cost path analyses) for grey wolf and golden jackal in central Iran. For grey wolf, elevation, topographic ruggedness, and distance to Conservation Areas (CAs) were the strongest predictors; for golden jackal, distance to human settlements, dump sites and topographic ruggedness were the most influential variables in predicting the occurrence of this species. Our results also indicated a high potential for large parts of the landscape to support the occurrence of these two canid species. The largest and the most crucial core habitats and corridor paths for the conservation of both species are located in the southern part of the study landscape. We found a small overlap between golden jackal corridor paths and core habitats with CAs, which has important implications for conservation and future viability of the golden jackal populations. Some sections of core areas are bisected by roads, where most vehicle collisions with grey wolf and golden jackal occurred. To minimize mortality risk, we propose that successful conservation of both species will necessitate integrated landscape-level management, as well as conservation of core areas and corridors and development of mitigation strategies to reduce vehicle collisions.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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