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Article: In vitro

Aljohani, Maher M

2022 Volume 25, Issue 8, Page(s) 1318–1323

Abstract: Background: Although, sickle cell trait (SCT) was considered a benign condition with most patients being asymptomatic, however, there is an impressive increase in the number of sudden deaths in the military recruits and athletes, which has led to SCT as ...

Abstract	Background: Although, sickle cell trait (SCT) was considered a benign condition with most patients being asymptomatic, however, there is an impressive increase in the number of sudden deaths in the military recruits and athletes, which has led to SCT as a rapidly emerging medical issue. Genetic factors have been extensively investigated in the etiopathogenesis of SCT but, environmental factors have not been studied in depth. Aims: The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high temperature on the red blood cells (RBCs) in those with SCT and compare this to a control group lacking SCT. Patients and methods: Heat stress to RBCs was induced by in vitro incubation of freshly drawn blood at high temperatures (45°C for 35 min). Additional information such as hemoglobin (Hb) level, RBC count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and hemoglobin S level was obtained from the medical record of the case and control groups. Data were entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, United States) and analyzed to examine the research hypothesis. Results: A total of 17 blood samples from SCT (HbAS subjects) labeled as cases and 16 samples from controls (HbAA subjects) were included in this study. The results of this study showed no significant change in sickled erythrocytes in SCT in response to in vitro heat stress. Conclusion: This study's findings appear to suggest that hyperthermia could be excluded as one of the major factors inducing sickling complications during exhausting exercise. Long-term studies in the future are recommended in this area, particularly to assess the effect of high temperature and sudden death in SCT.
MeSH term(s)	Athletes ; Erythrocyte Indices ; Erythrocytes/pathology ; Humans ; Sickle Cell Trait ; Temperature ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-17
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1458330-6
ISSN	1119-3077
ISSN	1119-3077
DOI	10.4103/njcp.njcp_141_22
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Article: Highly sensitive and selective lateral flow aptasensor for anti-coagulant dabigatran etexilate determination in blood

Alnajrani, Mohammed N. / Aljohani, Maher M. / Chinnappan, Raja / Zourob, Mohammed / Alsager, Omar A.

Talanta. 2022 Jan. 01, v. 236

2022

Abstract: Dabigatran etexilate (DBG) is a new anticoagulant drug (commercially sold under the names Pradaxa® and Pradax™) that replaces Warfarin, the landmark agent for anticoagulation therapy. Inadequate administration of DBG or in the cases of massive bleeding ... ...

Abstract	Dabigatran etexilate (DBG) is a new anticoagulant drug (commercially sold under the names Pradaxa® and Pradax™) that replaces Warfarin, the landmark agent for anticoagulation therapy. Inadequate administration of DBG or in the cases of massive bleeding that occurs after renal impairment, DBG therapy can carry a substantial life-threatening risks. One of the major limitations of DBG treatment is the lack of a simple and quick tool for measuring its level in blood in the case of massive bleedings or emergency operations. In this work, we have incorporated a previously isolated aptamer for DBG to develop a simple competitive lateral flow aptasensor (LFA) for the determination of DBG in buffer and blood samples. A full-length 60-mer aptamer as well as a truncated 38-mer aptamer were conjugated to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) via thiol-Au coupling chemistry. After appropriate AuNP surface passivation steps, the aptamer's core region was hybridized with 8-mer biotinylated sequences. The conjugated particles could be capture on the test line by the interaction of the biotin molecules with a previously deposited streptavidin. Incubation of the conjugated particles with DBG causes the aptamer to undergo a conformational change that releases the 8-mer biotinylated sequences and result in the disappearance of the test line. Lysozyme protein was used to construct the control line that non-specifically interacts with the conjugated particles whether or not the target compound is present. The developed LFA achieves 20 nM detection level in buffer and blood samples, operates within the nanomolar range, and shows excellent selectivity against potential interfering molecules. The developed sensor could help assessing the levels of DBG in medical conditions that require rapid interventions.
Keywords	anticoagulants ; aptasensors ; biotin ; blood ; chemistry ; lysozyme ; nanogold ; oligonucleotides ; streptavidin ; therapeutics ; warfarin
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0101
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1500969-5
ISSN	1873-3573 ; 0039-9140
ISSN (online)	1873-3573
ISSN	0039-9140
DOI	10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122887
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Article ; Online: Highly sensitive and selective lateral flow aptasensor for anti-coagulant dabigatran etexilate determination in blood.

Alnajrani, Mohammed N / Aljohani, Maher M / Chinnappan, Raja / Zourob, Mohammed / Alsager, Omar A

Talanta

2021 Volume 236, Page(s) 122887

Abstract	Dabigatran etexilate (DBG) is a new anticoagulant drug (commercially sold under the names Pradaxa® and Pradax™) that replaces Warfarin, the landmark agent for anticoagulation therapy. Inadequate administration of DBG or in the cases of massive bleeding that occurs after renal impairment, DBG therapy can carry a substantial life-threatening risks. One of the major limitations of DBG treatment is the lack of a simple and quick tool for measuring its level in blood in the case of massive bleedings or emergency operations. In this work, we have incorporated a previously isolated aptamer for DBG to develop a simple competitive lateral flow aptasensor (LFA) for the determination of DBG in buffer and blood samples. A full-length 60-mer aptamer as well as a truncated 38-mer aptamer were conjugated to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) via thiol-Au coupling chemistry. After appropriate AuNP surface passivation steps, the aptamer's core region was hybridized with 8-mer biotinylated sequences. The conjugated particles could be capture on the test line by the interaction of the biotin molecules with a previously deposited streptavidin. Incubation of the conjugated particles with DBG causes the aptamer to undergo a conformational change that releases the 8-mer biotinylated sequences and result in the disappearance of the test line. Lysozyme protein was used to construct the control line that non-specifically interacts with the conjugated particles whether or not the target compound is present. The developed LFA achieves 20 nM detection level in buffer and blood samples, operates within the nanomolar range, and shows excellent selectivity against potential interfering molecules. The developed sensor could help assessing the levels of DBG in medical conditions that require rapid interventions.
MeSH term(s)	Aptamers, Nucleotide ; Dabigatran/analysis ; Dabigatran/blood ; Gold ; Humans ; Metal Nanoparticles ; Streptavidin
Chemical Substances	Aptamers, Nucleotide ; Gold (7440-57-5) ; Streptavidin (9013-20-1) ; Dabigatran (I0VM4M70GC)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1500969-5
ISSN	1873-3573 ; 0039-9140
ISSN (online)	1873-3573
ISSN	0039-9140
DOI	10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122887
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Article ; Online: Aptamers: Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Agents for Blood Diseases.

Aljohani, Maher M / Cialla-May, Dana / Popp, Jürgen / Chinnappan, Raja / Al-Kattan, Khaled / Zourob, Mohammed

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 27, Issue 2

Abstract: Aptamers are RNA/DNA oligonucleotide molecules that specifically bind to a targeted complementary molecule. As potential recognition elements with promising diagnostic and therapeutic applications, aptamers, such as monoclonal antibodies, could provide ... ...

Abstract	Aptamers are RNA/DNA oligonucleotide molecules that specifically bind to a targeted complementary molecule. As potential recognition elements with promising diagnostic and therapeutic applications, aptamers, such as monoclonal antibodies, could provide many treatment and diagnostic options for blood diseases. Aptamers present several superior features over antibodies, including a simple in vitro selection and production, ease of modification and conjugation, high stability, and low immunogenicity. Emerging as promising alternatives to antibodies, aptamers could overcome the present limitations of monoclonal antibody therapy to provide novel diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive treatments for blood diseases. Researchers in several biomedical areas, such as biomarker detection, diagnosis, imaging, and targeted therapy, have widely investigated aptamers, and several aptamers have been developed over the past two decades. One of these is the pegaptanib sodium injection, an aptamer-based therapeutic that functions as an anti-angiogenic medicine, and it is the first aptamer approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for therapeutic use. Several other aptamers are now in clinical trials. In this review, we highlight the current state of aptamers in the clinical trial program and introduce some promising aptamers currently in pre-clinical development for blood diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Aptamers, Nucleotide
Chemical Substances	Aptamers, Nucleotide
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules27020383
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Article ; Online: Vaginal preparation with different antiseptic solutions before cesarean section for preventing postoperative infections: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Fadlalmola, Hammad Ali / Al-Sayaghi, Khaled Mohammed / Al-Hebshi, Abdulqader Abdlah / Alshengeti, Amer Mohammad / Almohammadi, Nawal H / Alawfi, Abdulsalam Dakheel / Aljohani, Maher M / Elhaddad, Nourhan F

The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research

2022 Volume 48, Issue 11, Page(s) 2659–2676

Abstract: Aims: We aimed to investigate the effect of various vaginal wash solutions on reducing risks of post-cesarean endometritis, wound infections, fever, and hospital stay duration.: Methods: Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library were ... ...

Abstract	Aims: We aimed to investigate the effect of various vaginal wash solutions on reducing risks of post-cesarean endometritis, wound infections, fever, and hospital stay duration. Methods: Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized clinical trials that compared different vaginal wash solutions to each other or to "no vaginal cleaning"; without restriction on the age of parturients or site where trials were conducted. We analyzed this frequentist network meta-analysis using the netmeta package in R software version 4.1.2; synthesized data as mean difference or risk ratio with their 95% confidence intervals. Results: Our network meta-analysis included 29 RCTs with a total sample size of 9311 women undergoing CS. Regarding post-cesarean endometritis, we found that povidone-iodine had the highest significant risk reduction compared to "no vaginal cleaning" (RR = 0.08, 95% CI [0.01, 0.69]). While regarding post-cesarean reduction of wound infection, fever, and hospital stay duration, we found that chlorhexidine 4% (RR = 0.17, 95% CI [0.05, 0.65]), saline 0.9% (RR = 0.12, 95% CI [0.03; 0.48]), and saline 0.9% (MD = -1.29, 95% CI [-2.18; -0.39]), respectively, had the highest significant risk reduction compared to "no vaginal cleaning." Conclusion: Vaginal wash solutions were associated with a significant reduction of post-cesarean endometritis, wound infection, fever, and hospital stay duration. Since povidone-iodine had the highest significant reduction of post-cesarean endometritis, we recommend setting povidone-iodine as the standard practice as pre cesarean vaginal wash solution; consistent practice guidelines of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS).
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Povidone-Iodine/therapeutic use ; Cesarean Section ; Endometritis/drug therapy ; Anti-Infective Agents, Local/therapeutic use ; Network Meta-Analysis ; Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control ; Postoperative Complications/drug therapy ; Fever
Chemical Substances	Povidone-Iodine (85H0HZU99M) ; Anti-Infective Agents, Local
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-29
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1327307-3
ISSN	1447-0756 ; 1341-8076
ISSN (online)	1447-0756
ISSN	1341-8076
DOI	10.1111/jog.15377
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Zs.A 1810: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activity of Greenly Synthesized Selenium and Zinc Composite Nanoparticles Using

El-Zayat, Mustafa Mohsen / Eraqi, Mostafa M / Alrefai, Hani / El-Khateeb, Ayman Y / Ibrahim, Marwan A / Aljohani, Hashim M / Aljohani, Maher M / Elshaer, Moustafa Mohammed

Biomolecules

2021 Volume 11, Issue 3

Abstract: The current work aimed to synthesize selenium and zinc nanoparticles using the aqueous extract ... ...

Abstract	The current work aimed to synthesize selenium and zinc nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of
MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Infective Agents/chemical synthesis ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Antioxidants/chemical synthesis ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Candida albicans/drug effects ; Ephedra/chemistry ; Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects ; Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects ; Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects ; Zinc/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Antioxidants ; Plant Extracts ; Zinc (J41CSQ7QDS)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2701262-1
ISSN	2218-273X ; 2218-273X
ISSN (online)	2218-273X
ISSN	2218-273X
DOI	10.3390/biom11030470
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Article ; Online: In Vitro Selection of Specific DNA Aptamers Against the Anti-Coagulant Dabigatran Etexilate.

Aljohani, Maher M / Chinnappan, Raja / Eissa, Shimaa / Alsager, Omar A / Weber, Karina / Cialla-May, Dana / Popp, Jürgen / Zourob, Mohammed

Scientific reports

2018 Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 13290

Abstract: Dabigatran Etexilate (PRADAXA) is a new oral anticoagulant increasingly used for a number of blood thrombosis conditions, prevention of strokes and systemic emboli among patients with atrial fibrillation. It provides safe and adequate anticoagulation for ...

Abstract	Dabigatran Etexilate (PRADAXA) is a new oral anticoagulant increasingly used for a number of blood thrombosis conditions, prevention of strokes and systemic emboli among patients with atrial fibrillation. It provides safe and adequate anticoagulation for prevention and treatment of thrombus in several clinical settings. However, anticoagulation therapy can be associated with an increased risk of bleeding. There is a lack of specific laboratory tests to determine the level of this drug in blood. This is considered the most important obstacles of using this medication, particularly for patients with trauma, drug toxicity, in urgent need for surgical interventions or uncontrolled bleeding. In this work, we performed Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) to select specific DNA aptamers against dabigatran etexilate. Following multiple rounds of selection and enrichment with a randomized 60-mer DNA library, specific DNA aptamers for dabigatran were selected. We investigated the affinity and specificity of generated aptamers to the drug showing dissociation constants (K
MeSH term(s)	Anticoagulants/pharmacology ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use ; Aptamers, Nucleotide/genetics ; Aptamers, Nucleotide/pharmacology ; Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy ; Dabigatran/chemistry ; Dabigatran/pharmacology ; Dabigatran/therapeutic use ; Embolism/drug therapy ; Gene Library ; Hemorrhage/drug therapy ; Humans ; Ligands ; SELEX Aptamer Technique/methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Stroke/prevention & control
Chemical Substances	Anticoagulants ; Aptamers, Nucleotide ; Ligands ; Dabigatran (I0VM4M70GC)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-09-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-018-31327-3
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Article ; Online: Mapping the binding region of aptamer targeting small molecule: Dabigatran etexilate, an anti-coagulant.

Aljohani, Maher M / Chinnappan, Raja / Alsager, Omar A / AlZabn, Razan / Alhoshani, Ali / Weber, Karina / Cialla-May, Dana / Popp, Jürgen / Zourob, Mohammed

Talanta

2020 Volume 218, Page(s) 121132

Abstract: Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA, which have attracted considerable scientific interest due to their characteristic of specific and selective binding to target molecules. They are evolved from the in vitro process known as systematic evolution of ... ...

Abstract	Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA, which have attracted considerable scientific interest due to their characteristic of specific and selective binding to target molecules. They are evolved from the in vitro process known as systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). This paper reports a simple experimental approach to elucidate the binding region of small targets binding aptamers. A previously isolated 60-mer aptamer for the anti-coagulant dabigatran etexilate (DBG) was used for this investigation. Complimentary sequences labelled with a fluorophore and a quencher were used for testing the binding region by change in the fluorescence signal. The full-length aptamer was truncated to multiple shorter copies including a 38 nucleotides sequence that showed 47 fold high affinity compared to the original aptamer. Circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD) measurements indicate that the 38-mer is remarkably more sensitive than the parent aptamer. The truncated 38-mer sequence was used to construct a turn-on fluorescence sensor with the detection limit of 1 nM. The performance of the sensor was examined in blood serum samples and showed excellent recovery percentages exceeding 98%. The reported screening protocol could be applied to the growing small targets aptasensors that require efficient binding aptamer sequences coupled with optimum signal transduction methods.
MeSH term(s)	Aptamers, Nucleotide ; DNA, Single-Stranded ; Dabigatran ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescent Dyes ; SELEX Aptamer Technique
Chemical Substances	Aptamers, Nucleotide ; DNA, Single-Stranded ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Dabigatran (I0VM4M70GC)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1500969-5
ISSN	1873-3573 ; 0039-9140
ISSN (online)	1873-3573
ISSN	0039-9140
DOI	10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121132
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