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Article ; Online: Effect of putrescine supplementation to in vitro maturation medium on embryo development and quality in cattle.

Bicici, Esra / Satilmis, Fatma / Bodu, Mustafa / Demirel, Mehmet Akif / Karakas Alkan, Kubra / Alkan, Hasan

2023 Volume 34, Issue 8, Page(s) 3887–3896

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effect of putrescine supplementation to maturation medium ... ...

Abstract	This study aimed to investigate the effect of putrescine supplementation to maturation medium during
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Female ; Cattle ; Animals ; Putrescine/pharmacology ; Semen ; Oocytes ; Embryonic Development ; Blastocyst ; Dietary Supplements ; In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques/veterinary ; In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques/methods ; Fertilization in Vitro/veterinary ; Cumulus Cells
Chemical Substances	Putrescine (V10TVZ52E4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2043243-4
ISSN	1532-2378 ; 1049-5398
ISSN (online)	1532-2378
ISSN	1049-5398
DOI	10.1080/10495398.2023.2236660
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Article ; Online: Post‐mating diclofenac vs. carprofen treatment on serum progesterone levels and reproductive outcomes in Hungarian‐Merino ewes during the non‐breeding season

Kutlu, Metehan / Doğan, Halef / Alkan, Hasan / Serbester, Uğur / Kutlu, Hasan Rüştü

Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2022 Dec., v. 57, no. 12 p.1529-1535

2022

Abstract: The maternal recognition process is crucial for the establishment of healthy pregnancy. In this process, anti‐luteolytic applications are one of the main reproductive strategies to manage the embryonic losses and maximize reproductive profitability in ... ...

Abstract	The maternal recognition process is crucial for the establishment of healthy pregnancy. In this process, anti‐luteolytic applications are one of the main reproductive strategies to manage the embryonic losses and maximize reproductive profitability in farm animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of post‐mating NSAID treatments on reproductive parameters (pregnancy rate, lambing rate, multiple birth rate, litter size) and serum progesterone levels in ewes stimulated with progesterone non‐breeding season. For this purpose, two different experiments (diclofenac and carprofen) were conducted in the same ewe flock induced with short‐term progestogen‐based protocol in the non‐breeding season for two consecutive years. In experiment 1 (n = 85), 42 ewes were injected with 2.5 mg/kg diclofenac on the 9th and 10th days post‐mating, and the rest were not treated and served as control. In experiment 2 (n = 82), 40 ewes were injected with 1.4 mg/kg carprofen on the 9th days post‐mating, and the rest were not treated as control. In both experiments, blood samples were collected from all ewes on days 9, 12 and 13 post‐mating to measure serum progesterone levels. In both experiments, there were no differences both reproductive parameters and serum progesterone levels when compared to the control groups. It was concluded that post‐mating diclofenac and carprofen treatments in the critical period have no significant effects on both reproductive parameters and serum progesterone levels in ewes in the non‐breeding season.
Keywords	birth rate ; blood serum ; diclofenac ; ewes ; farms ; flocks ; litter size ; pregnancy rate ; profitability ; progesterone
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-12
Size	p. 1529-1535.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1015187-4
ISSN	1439-0531 ; 0936-6768
ISSN (online)	1439-0531
ISSN	0936-6768
DOI	10.1111/rda.14229
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Article: The effect of anti-müllerian hormone and progesterone concentrations on superovulation response and embryo yield in goats

Karakas Alkan, Kubra / Alkan, Hasan / Kaymaz, Mustafa

Theriogenology. 2020 Feb., v. 143

2020

Abstract: We aimed to evaluate the relationship of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and progesterone concentrations with superovulation response in goats and to determine donors exhibiting better superovulation response by measuring AMH concentrations. For this, blood ...

Abstract	We aimed to evaluate the relationship of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and progesterone concentrations with superovulation response in goats and to determine donors exhibiting better superovulation response by measuring AMH concentrations. For this, blood samples were collected from multiparous Angora goats (n = 24) for measuring the progesterone and AMH concentrations on the day the synchronization protocol was initiated (Day 0), on the day of the first FSH administration (Day 9), on the day the progesterone source was removed (Day 11), and on the day of uterine flushing. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, median, minimum value, maximum value, and percentile) were given for superovulation response and embryo yield. To compare the differences between the two groups, the Student’s t-test was used. The relationship between two continuous variables was assessed by the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The AMH cutoff values in superovulation responses were evaluated by ROC analysis on the day the synchronization protocol was initiated. A strong positive correlation was found between the AMH concentrations measured on the day the synchronization protocol was initiated (Day 0), on the day of the first FSH administration (Day 9), and on the day of removal of the progesterone source (Day 11) and the count of total corpus luteum (CL), total oocyte/embryo, transferable embryo, and Code I quality embryo (P < 0.05). Furthermore, AMH concentration increased on the day the synchronization protocol was initiated, the donor’s superovulation response increased as well. The cutoff value was 4.74 ng/ml, as assessed by the ROC curve analysis conducted for selecting donors exhibiting better superovulation responses. The sensitivity and specificity of the selected cutoff value were found to be quite high (P < 0.01). However, a positive correlation was noted between the progesterone concentrations measured on the day of uterine flushing and total CL count, total oocyte/embryo count, transferable embryo count, and Code I quality embryo count (P < 0.01). In conclusion, it was determined that an increase in AMH concentrations in goats led to an increase in the total CL count, embryo count, and embryo quality and that AMH measurement could be used to identify donors that responded better to superovulation. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between the progesterone concentration measured on the day of uterine flushing and the total CL count, transferable embryo count, and embryo quality.
Keywords	Angora (goat breed) ; anti-Mullerian hormone ; blood sampling ; corpus luteum ; descriptive statistics ; follicle-stimulating hormone ; goats ; oocytes ; progesterone ; standard deviation ; superovulation ; t-test
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-02
Size	p. 1-9.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	189232-0
ISSN	1879-3231 ; 0093-691X
ISSN (online)	1879-3231
ISSN	0093-691X
DOI	10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.11.041
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Article: Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer during the breeding season in Angora goats: A comparison of fresh and vitrified-thawed embryo transfer.

Alkan, Kubra Karakas / Alkan, Hasan / Kaymaz, Mustafa / Izgur, Ismail Hakki

Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal

2021 Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) 143–148

Abstract: This study aimed to assess the superovulation response and pregnancy rates of fresh and vitrified-thawed embryos after transfer in Angora goats with comparing transfer at the beginning (BS) and end (ES) of the breeding season. Nine Angora goats were used ...

Abstract	This study aimed to assess the superovulation response and pregnancy rates of fresh and vitrified-thawed embryos after transfer in Angora goats with comparing transfer at the beginning (BS) and end (ES) of the breeding season. Nine Angora goats were used as donors in both periods. Donor goats were synchronized and superovulated with the FSH and mated with five fertile bucks. At 156 hr following mating, embryos were collected surgically. Recipient Angora goats were divided into two groups at the beginning (fresh, n = 15; vitrified-thawed, n = 15) and end (fresh, n = 8; vitrified-thawed, n = 8) of the breeding season. Fresh or vitrified-thawed grade I embryos (early blastocyst/blastocyst) were transferred surgically to synchronized recipients. On the 30
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-15
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2008-8140
ISSN	2008-8140
DOI	10.30466/vrf.2020.107064.2544
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the relationship between serum paraoxonase-1 activity and superovulation response/embryo yield in Holstein cows.

Alkan, Hasan / Satilmis, Fatma / Karasahin, Tahir / Dursun, Sukru / Erdem, Huseyin

The Journal of veterinary medical science

2021 Volume 83, Issue 3, Page(s) 535–541

Abstract: In this study, the effect of serum paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity on superovulation response and embryo yield was evaluated. The study material comprised 50 Holstein cows aged 3-4 years on postpartum day 90-120 with a body condition score of 3-3.25. A ... ...

Abstract	In this study, the effect of serum paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity on superovulation response and embryo yield was evaluated. The study material comprised 50 Holstein cows aged 3-4 years on postpartum day 90-120 with a body condition score of 3-3.25. A progesterone-based estrus synchronization protocol was initially administered to the selected donors. For this purpose, progesterone source was inserted intravaginally (day 0) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone injection was performed (day 6). Seven days after the insertion of progesterone device, follicle-stimulating hormone injections (total dose of 500 µg in decreasing doses for 4 days) were administered for superovulation. On the morning of the ninth day, prostaglandin (PG) F2α was administered, and the progesterone device was removed from the vagina in the evening on the same day. Two days after PGF2α administration, fixed-time artificial insemination was performed in the morning and in the evening. On the day of artificial insemination, blood samples were taken from the donors to determine the serum PON-1 activity. Uterine flushing was performed seven days after insemination. The results revealed that the serum PON-1 activity (mean ± SD, 562.71 ± 140.23 U/l) of the cows that responded to superovulation (donors with total corpus luteum count of ≥3 in both ovaries) was higher than those (389.91 ± 80.51 U/l) that did not (P<0.05). On the day of insemination, a positive correlation was determined between serum PON-1 activity and the counts of total corpus luteum (r=0.398), total oocyte/embryo (r=0.468), transferable embryo (r=0.453), and Code I embryos (r=0.315, P<0.05). Unlike the Code I embryos, there was no significant correlation between serum PON-1 activity and the number of Code III embryos. Moreover, no significant difference in the number of Code III embryos between the two PON-1 groups was observed. However, embryo yield and quality were found to have increased with increased PON-1 activity. Therefore, it was concluded that serum PON-1 activity may be associated with superovulation response, embryo yield and quality in donor cows.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Aryldialkylphosphatase ; Cattle ; Estrus Synchronization ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; Insemination, Artificial/veterinary ; Progesterone ; Superovulation
Chemical Substances	Progesterone (4G7DS2Q64Y) ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone (9002-68-0) ; Aryldialkylphosphatase (EC 3.1.8.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-04
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1071753-5
ISSN	1347-7439 ; 0916-7250
ISSN (online)	1347-7439
ISSN	0916-7250
DOI	10.1292/jvms.20-0578
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Article ; Online: Effect of flunixin meglumine treatment during and after embryo transfer on the pregnancy rate in cattle.

Karasahin, Tahir / Alkan, Hasan / Satilmis, Fatma / Dursun, Sukru / Erdem, Huseyin

Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene

2021 Volume 56, Issue 12, Page(s) 1555–1561

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the effect of flunixin meglumine treatment during and after the transfer of in vivo produced embryos to Angus (cows) and Holstein (cows and heifers) breeds of cattle on pregnancy rate. Holstein cows were used as donors in ... ...

Abstract	This study aimed to determine the effect of flunixin meglumine treatment during and after the transfer of in vivo produced embryos to Angus (cows) and Holstein (cows and heifers) breeds of cattle on pregnancy rate. Holstein cows were used as donors in the study. A double dose of prostaglandin F2α was administered to the recipient animals for synchronization. Uterine flushing was performed in donors on day 7 after artificial insemination. A total of 295 transferable embryos were obtained. These embryos were transferred to Angus cows (n = 85), Holstein heifers (n = 80) and Holstein cows (n = 130). After the transfer, these animals were divided into three subgroups. The first subgroup (TI) was administered flunixin meglumine during embryo transfer, and the second subgroup (TII) was administered flunixin meglumine both during embryo transfer and on days 8 and 9 after the transfer. The third subgroup (TIII) was not administered anything and it was considered the control group. Pregnancy examination of the recipients was performed on days 30-35 after the transfer using real-time ultrasonography. The pregnancy rates after embryo transfer were found to be 43.52% in Angus cows, 42.5% in Holstein heifers, and 24.61% in Holstein cows (p < .05). When the animals were not classified according to breed, the pregnancy rates in subgroups TI, TII and TIII were found to be 29.29%, 45.10% and 29.79%, respectively (p < .05). In addition, the pregnancy rates were higher in TII and TIII subgroups of Angus cows and Holstein heifers compared to that of Holstein cows (p < .05). As a result, the pregnancy rates obtained after embryo transfer in Angus cows and Holstein heifers were found to be higher than that in Holstein cows. In addition, it was concluded that the administration of flunixin meglumine during and during/after embryo transfer has a positive effect on pregnancy rates in Angus cows and Holstein heifers.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Clonixin/analogs & derivatives ; Clonixin/pharmacology ; Embryo Transfer/veterinary ; Female ; Insemination, Artificial/veterinary ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate
Chemical Substances	flunixin meglumine (8Y3JK0JW3U) ; Clonixin (V7DXN0M42R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-17
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1015187-4
ISSN	1439-0531 ; 0936-6768
ISSN (online)	1439-0531
ISSN	0936-6768
DOI	10.1111/rda.14019
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Article ; Online: Post-mating diclofenac vs. carprofen treatment on serum progesterone levels and reproductive outcomes in Hungarian-Merino ewes during the non-breeding season.

Kutlu, Metehan / Doğan, Halef / Alkan, Hasan / Serbester, Uğur / Kutlu, Hasan Rüştü

Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene

2022 Volume 57, Issue 12, Page(s) 1529–1535

Abstract: The maternal recognition process is crucial for the establishment of healthy pregnancy. In this process, anti-luteolytic applications are one of the main reproductive strategies to manage the embryonic losses and maximize reproductive profitability in ... ...

Abstract	The maternal recognition process is crucial for the establishment of healthy pregnancy. In this process, anti-luteolytic applications are one of the main reproductive strategies to manage the embryonic losses and maximize reproductive profitability in farm animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of post-mating NSAID treatments on reproductive parameters (pregnancy rate, lambing rate, multiple birth rate, litter size) and serum progesterone levels in ewes stimulated with progesterone non-breeding season. For this purpose, two different experiments (diclofenac and carprofen) were conducted in the same ewe flock induced with short-term progestogen-based protocol in the non-breeding season for two consecutive years. In experiment 1 (n = 85), 42 ewes were injected with 2.5 mg/kg diclofenac on the 9th and 10th days post-mating, and the rest were not treated and served as control. In experiment 2 (n = 82), 40 ewes were injected with 1.4 mg/kg carprofen on the 9th days post-mating, and the rest were not treated as control. In both experiments, blood samples were collected from all ewes on days 9, 12 and 13 post-mating to measure serum progesterone levels. In both experiments, there were no differences both reproductive parameters and serum progesterone levels when compared to the control groups. It was concluded that post-mating diclofenac and carprofen treatments in the critical period have no significant effects on both reproductive parameters and serum progesterone levels in ewes in the non-breeding season.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Sheep ; Animals ; Female ; Progesterone ; Diclofenac/pharmacology ; Seasons ; Hungary ; Reproduction ; Sheep, Domestic
Chemical Substances	Progesterone (4G7DS2Q64Y) ; Diclofenac (144O8QL0L1) ; carprofen (FFL0D546HO)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-25
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1015187-4
ISSN	1439-0531 ; 0936-6768
ISSN (online)	1439-0531
ISSN	0936-6768
DOI	10.1111/rda.14229
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Effect of strategies to increase progesterone levels on fertility of bovine embryo transfer recipients - A meta-analysis.

Alkan, Hasan / Tekindal, Mustafa Agah / Demirel, Mehmet Akif / Soyturk, Berrak Isik / Golbasi, Maide / Deniz, Yunus Emre / Satilmis, Fatma / Alkan, Kubra Karakas

Theriogenology

2023 Volume 215, Page(s) 177–186

Abstract: The pregnancy rate following embryo transfer (ET) is a very important factor in the success of embryo production programs. Different strategies were therefore developed to increase pregnancy rates. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the ... ...

Abstract	The pregnancy rate following embryo transfer (ET) is a very important factor in the success of embryo production programs. Different strategies were therefore developed to increase pregnancy rates. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effects of hormone treatments used to increase the success of embryo transfer programs on pregnancy rates. A meta-analysis was performed of 46 trials from 39 publications involving treated (n = 7856) and control (n = 6663) cattle. The meta-analysis explained the effect size with its 95 % confidence interval (CI) for pregnancy per embryo transfer (P/ET) after hormonal treatment under different moderators. Hormonal support was found to increase P/ET compared to the control group (P < 0.05). However, GnRH treatment was found to increase P/ET by approximately 4.3 % and hCG treatment by 8.0 %. Progesterone supplementation was not found to have a statistically significant effect on P/ET. In addition, GnRH treatment significantly increased P/ET when used to transfer in vitro or frozen-thawed embryos or in studies using cows as recipients. It was observed that hCG treatment had a positive effect on P/ET according to all moderators. Progesterone supplementation significantly increased P/ET when frozen embryos were transferred and reduced P/ET, especially in publications where fresh or in vitro produced embryos were transferred or cows were used as recipients. The results of this meta-analysis showed that the use of GnRH, and hCG, in bovine embryo transfer programs increased P/ET, whereas the use of progesterone had no effect on P/ET. However, it was found that P/ET could increase/decrease depending on the moderator.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Embryo Transfer/veterinary ; Embryo Transfer/methods ; Fertility ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/pharmacology ; Pregnancy Rate ; Progesterone/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (33515-09-2) ; Progesterone (4G7DS2Q64Y)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	189232-0
ISSN	1879-3231 ; 0093-691X
ISSN (online)	1879-3231
ISSN	0093-691X
DOI	10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.12.005
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Article: The pharmacokinetics of letrozole and its effect on gonadotropins in anestrous ewes

Bugra Kivrak, Mehmet / Corum, Orhan / Alkan, Hasan / Atik, Orkun / Aydin, Ibrahim / Uney, Kamil

Theriogenology. 2021 Dec., v. 176

2021

Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of letrozole and its effect on FSH and LH concentrations after single (IV, IM, SC) and repeated IV doses in anestrous ewes. This study was conducted in experiments 1 and 2 by randomly dividing ... ...

Abstract	The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of letrozole and its effect on FSH and LH concentrations after single (IV, IM, SC) and repeated IV doses in anestrous ewes. This study was conducted in experiments 1 and 2 by randomly dividing 24 healthy Akkaraman ewes in anestrus into two equal groups. In experiment 1, the pharmacokinetics of letrozole following single IV, IM, and SC administration at 1 mg/kg dose and its effect of a single IV dose on plasma FSH and LH concentration were determined. In experiment 2, the effect of repeated IV doses of letrozole on FSH and LH concentrations was established. Plasma concentration of letrozole was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by non-compartmental analysis. FSH and LH concentrations were quantified using ELISA. The elimination half-life (t₁/₂ʎz) for IV, IM, and SC routes were 9.94, 37.29, and 41.07 h, respectively. The IV route for letrozole had a total clearance of 0.11 L/h/kg and a volume of distribution at a steady state of 1.50 L/kg. The peak plasma concentration was 0.11 μg/mL for the IM route and 0.14 μg/mL for the SC routes. The bioavailability was 55.18% for the IM route and 75.34% for the SC route. Letrozole following single and repeated (every 24 h for 3 days) IV administrations at 1 mg/kg dose did not affect LH concentration in anestrous ewes but caused an increase in the FSH concentration. This increase in FSH concentration may create a potential for the use of letrozole in ovarian superstimulation protocols. Favorable pharmacokinetic properties (long t₁/₂ʎz and good bioavailability) of letrozole for IM and SC routes require further investigation before use in estrus induction or estrus synchronization protocols in sheep.
Keywords	anestrus ; bioavailability ; estrus ; estrus synchronization ; half life ; high performance liquid chromatography ; pharmacokinetics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Size	p. 225-232.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	189232-0
ISSN	1879-3231 ; 0093-691X
ISSN (online)	1879-3231
ISSN	0093-691X
DOI	10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.09.033
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Article: Effect of flunixin meglumine treatment during and after embryo transfer on the pregnancy rate in cattle

Karasahin, Tahir / Alkan, Hasan / Satilmis, Fatma / Dursun, Sukru / Erdem, Huseyin

Reproduction in domestic animals. 2021 Dec., v. 56, no. 12

2021

Abstract	This study aimed to determine the effect of flunixin meglumine treatment during and after the transfer of in vivo produced embryos to Angus (cows) and Holstein (cows and heifers) breeds of cattle on pregnancy rate. Holstein cows were used as donors in the study. A double dose of prostaglandin F2α was administered to the recipient animals for synchronization. Uterine flushing was performed in donors on day 7 after artificial insemination. A total of 295 transferable embryos were obtained. These embryos were transferred to Angus cows (n = 85), Holstein heifers (n = 80) and Holstein cows (n = 130). After the transfer, these animals were divided into three subgroups. The first subgroup (TI) was administered flunixin meglumine during embryo transfer, and the second subgroup (TII) was administered flunixin meglumine both during embryo transfer and on days 8 and 9 after the transfer. The third subgroup (TIII) was not administered anything and it was considered the control group. Pregnancy examination of the recipients was performed on days 30–35 after the transfer using real‐time ultrasonography. The pregnancy rates after embryo transfer were found to be 43.52% in Angus cows, 42.5% in Holstein heifers, and 24.61% in Holstein cows (p < .05). When the animals were not classified according to breed, the pregnancy rates in subgroups TI, TII and TIII were found to be 29.29%, 45.10% and 29.79%, respectively (p < .05). In addition, the pregnancy rates were higher in TII and TIII subgroups of Angus cows and Holstein heifers compared to that of Holstein cows (p < .05). As a result, the pregnancy rates obtained after embryo transfer in Angus cows and Holstein heifers were found to be higher than that in Holstein cows. In addition, it was concluded that the administration of flunixin meglumine during and during/after embryo transfer has a positive effect on pregnancy rates in Angus cows and Holstein heifers.
Keywords	Angus ; Holstein ; artificial insemination ; embryo transfer ; flunixin ; pregnancy rate ; prostaglandins ; ultrasonography
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Size	p. 1555-1561.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1015187-4
ISSN	1439-0531 ; 0936-6768
ISSN (online)	1439-0531
ISSN	0936-6768
DOI	10.1111/rda.14019
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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