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  1. Article ; Online: Good manufacturing practice production of self-complementary serotype 8 adeno-associated viral vector for a hemophilia B clinical trial.

    Allay, James A / Sleep, Susan / Long, Scott / Tillman, David M / Clark, Rob / Carney, Gael / Fagone, Paolo / McIntosh, Jenny H / Nienhuis, Arthur W / Davidoff, Andrew M / Nathwani, Amit C / Gray, John T

    Human gene therapy

    2011  Volume 22, Issue 5, Page(s) 595–604

    Abstract: To generate sufficient clinical-grade vector to support a phase I/II clinical trial of adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8)-mediated factor IX (FIX) gene transfer for hemophilia B, we have developed a large-scale, good manufacturing practice (GMP)- ... ...

    Abstract To generate sufficient clinical-grade vector to support a phase I/II clinical trial of adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8)-mediated factor IX (FIX) gene transfer for hemophilia B, we have developed a large-scale, good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compatible method for vector production and purification. We used a 293T-based two-plasmid transient transfection system coupled with a three-column chromatography purification process to produce high-quality self-complementary AAV2/8 FIX clinical-grade vector. Two consecutive production campaigns using a total of 432 independent 10-stack culture chambers produced a total of ∼2 × 10(15) vector genomes (VG) by dot-blot hybridization. Benzonase-treated microfluidized lysates generated from pellets of transfected cells were purified by group separation on Sepharose beads followed by anion-exchange chromatography. The virus-containing fractions were further processed by gel filtration and ultrafiltration, using a 100-kDa membrane. The vector was formulated in phosphate-buffered saline plus 0.25% human serum albumin. Spectrophotometric analysis suggested ∼20% full particles, with only low quantities of nonviral proteins were visible on silver-stained sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. A sensitive assay for the detection of replication-competent AAV was developed, which did reveal trace quantities of such contaminants in the final product. Additional studies have confirmed the long-term stability of the vector at -80°C for at least 24 months and for at least 24 hr formulated in the clinical diluent and stored at room temperature within intravenous bags. This material has been approved for use in clinical trials in the United States and the United Kingdom.
    MeSH term(s) Biotechnology/methods ; Cell Line ; Chromatography, Gel ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dependovirus ; Genetic Therapy/methods ; Genetic Vectors/genetics ; Hemophilia B/genetics ; Hemophilia B/therapy ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Spectrophotometry
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-03-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1028152-6
    ISSN 1557-7422 ; 1043-0342
    ISSN (online) 1557-7422
    ISSN 1043-0342
    DOI 10.1089/hum.2010.202
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Long-term safety and efficacy following systemic administration of a self-complementary AAV vector encoding human FIX pseudotyped with serotype 5 and 8 capsid proteins.

    Nathwani, Amit C / Rosales, Cecilia / McIntosh, Jenny / Rastegarlari, Ghasem / Nathwani, Devhrut / Raj, Deepak / Nawathe, Sushmita / Waddington, Simon N / Bronson, Roderick / Jackson, Scott / Donahue, Robert E / High, Katherine A / Mingozzi, Federico / Ng, Catherine Y C / Zhou, Junfang / Spence, Yunyu / McCarville, M Beth / Valentine, Marc / Allay, James /
    Coleman, John / Sleep, Susan / Gray, John T / Nienhuis, Arthur W / Davidoff, Andrew M

    Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy

    2011  Volume 19, Issue 5, Page(s) 876–885

    Abstract: Adeno-associated virus vectors (AAV) show promise for liver-targeted gene therapy. In this study, we examined the long-term consequences of a single intravenous administration of a self-complementary AAV vector (scAAV2/ 8-LP1-hFIXco) encoding a codon ... ...

    Abstract Adeno-associated virus vectors (AAV) show promise for liver-targeted gene therapy. In this study, we examined the long-term consequences of a single intravenous administration of a self-complementary AAV vector (scAAV2/ 8-LP1-hFIXco) encoding a codon optimized human factor IX (hFIX) gene in 24 nonhuman primates (NHPs). A dose-response relationship between vector titer and transgene expression was observed. Peak hFIX expression following the highest dose of vector (2 × 10(12) pcr-vector genomes (vg)/kg) was 21 ± 3 µg/ml (~420% of normal). Fluorescent in-situ hybridization demonstrated scAAV provirus in almost 100% of hepatocytes at that dose. No perturbations of clinical or laboratory parameters were noted and vector genomes were cleared from bodily fluids by 10 days. Macaques transduced with 2 × 10(11) pcr-vg/kg were followed for the longest period (~5 years), during which time expression of hFIX remained >10% of normal level, despite a gradual decline in transgene copy number and the proportion of transduced hepatocytes. All macaques developed serotype-specific antibodies but no capsid-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes were detected. The liver was preferentially transduced with 300-fold more proviral copies than extrahepatic tissues. Long-term biochemical, ultrasound imaging, and histologic follow-up of this large cohort of NHP revealed no toxicity. These data support further evaluation of this vector in hemophilia B patients.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Capsid Proteins/genetics ; Capsid Proteins/metabolism ; Dependovirus/genetics ; Factor IX/genetics ; Factor IX/metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Therapy/methods ; Genetic Vectors ; HEK293 Cells ; Hemophilia B/genetics ; Hemophilia B/therapy ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Liver/metabolism ; Macaca ; Mice
    Chemical Substances Capsid Proteins ; Factor IX (9001-28-9)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-01-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2010592-7
    ISSN 1525-0024 ; 1525-0016
    ISSN (online) 1525-0024
    ISSN 1525-0016
    DOI 10.1038/mt.2010.274
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Long-term safety and efficacy of factor IX gene therapy in hemophilia B.

    Nathwani, Amit C / Reiss, Ulreke M / Tuddenham, Edward G D / Rosales, Cecilia / Chowdary, Pratima / McIntosh, Jenny / Della Peruta, Marco / Lheriteau, Elsa / Patel, Nishal / Raj, Deepak / Riddell, Anne / Pie, Jun / Rangarajan, Savita / Bevan, David / Recht, Michael / Shen, Yu-Min / Halka, Kathleen G / Basner-Tschakarjan, Etiena / Mingozzi, Federico /
    High, Katherine A / Allay, James / Kay, Mark A / Ng, Catherine Y C / Zhou, Junfang / Cancio, Maria / Morton, Christopher L / Gray, John T / Srivastava, Deokumar / Nienhuis, Arthur W / Davidoff, Andrew M

    The New England journal of medicine

    2014  Volume 371, Issue 21, Page(s) 1994–2004

    Abstract: Background: In patients with severe hemophilia B, gene therapy that is mediated by a novel self-complementary adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8) vector has been shown to raise factor IX levels for periods of up to 16 months. We wanted to determine ...

    Abstract Background: In patients with severe hemophilia B, gene therapy that is mediated by a novel self-complementary adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8) vector has been shown to raise factor IX levels for periods of up to 16 months. We wanted to determine the durability of transgene expression, the vector dose-response relationship, and the level of persistent or late toxicity.
    Methods: We evaluated the stability of transgene expression and long-term safety in 10 patients with severe hemophilia B: 6 patients who had been enrolled in an initial phase 1 dose-escalation trial, with 2 patients each receiving a low, intermediate, or high dose, and 4 additional patients who received the high dose (2×10(12) vector genomes per kilogram of body weight). The patients subsequently underwent extensive clinical and laboratory monitoring.
    Results: A single intravenous infusion of vector in all 10 patients with severe hemophilia B resulted in a dose-dependent increase in circulating factor IX to a level that was 1 to 6% of the normal value over a median period of 3.2 years, with observation ongoing. In the high-dose group, a consistent increase in the factor IX level to a mean (±SD) of 5.1±1.7% was observed in all 6 patients, which resulted in a reduction of more than 90% in both bleeding episodes and the use of prophylactic factor IX concentrate. A transient increase in the mean alanine aminotransferase level to 86 IU per liter (range, 36 to 202) occurred between week 7 and week 10 in 4 of the 6 patients in the high-dose group but resolved over a median of 5 days (range, 2 to 35) after prednisolone treatment.
    Conclusions: In 10 patients with severe hemophilia B, the infusion of a single dose of AAV8 vector resulted in long-term therapeutic factor IX expression associated with clinical improvement. With a follow-up period of up to 3 years, no late toxic effects from the therapy were reported. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00979238.).
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Alanine Transaminase/blood ; Dependovirus/genetics ; Factor IX/genetics ; Factor IX/metabolism ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Therapy/adverse effects ; Genetic Vectors/administration & dosage ; Hemophilia B/blood ; Hemophilia B/genetics ; Hemophilia B/therapy ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Transgenes ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Factor IX (9001-28-9) ; Alanine Transaminase (EC 2.6.1.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-11-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial, Phase I ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa1407309
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Transient in vivo selection of transduced peripheral blood cells using antifolate drug selection in rhesus macaques that received transplants with hematopoietic stem cells expressing dihydrofolate reductase vectors.

    Persons, Derek A / Allay, James A / Bonifacino, Aylin / Lu, Taihe / Agricola, Brian / Metzger, Mark E / Donahue, Robert E / Dunbar, Cynthia E / Sorrentino, Brian P

    Blood

    2003  Volume 103, Issue 3, Page(s) 796–803

    Abstract: One of the main obstacles for effective human gene therapy for hematopoietic disorders remains the achievement of an adequate number of genetically corrected blood cells. One approach to this goal is to incorporate drug resistance genes into vectors to ... ...

    Abstract One of the main obstacles for effective human gene therapy for hematopoietic disorders remains the achievement of an adequate number of genetically corrected blood cells. One approach to this goal is to incorporate drug resistance genes into vectors to enable in vivo selection of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Although a number of drug resistance vectors enable HSC selection in murine systems, little is known about these systems in large animal models. To address this issue, we transplanted cells transduced with dihydrofolate resistance vectors into 6 rhesus macaques and studied whether selection of vector-expressing cells occurred following drug treatment with trimetrexate and nitrobenzylmercaptopurineriboside-phosphate. In some of the 10 administered drug treatment courses, substantial increases in the levels of transduced peripheral blood cells were noted; however, numbers returned to baseline levels within 17 days. Attempts to induce stem cell cycling with stem cell factor and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor prior to drug treatment did not lead to sustained enrichment for transduced cells. These data highlight an important species-specific difference between murine and nonhuman primate models for assessing in vivo HSC selection strategies and emphasize the importance of using drugs capable of inducing selective pressure at the level of HSCs.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Resistance/genetics ; Genetic Therapy/methods ; Genetic Vectors ; Glucuronates/pharmacology ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/drug effects ; Humans ; Luminescent Proteins/genetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Recombinant Proteins/genetics ; Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase/genetics ; Thioinosine/analogs & derivatives ; Thioinosine/pharmacology ; Thionucleotides/pharmacology ; Transduction, Genetic ; Trimetrexate/analogs & derivatives ; Trimetrexate/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Drug Combinations ; Glucuronates ; Luminescent Proteins ; Recombinant Proteins ; Thionucleotides ; Green Fluorescent Proteins (147336-22-9) ; Thioinosine (46S541971T) ; nitrobenzylthioinosine 5'-monophosphate (65199-10-2) ; Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.1.3) ; trimetrexate glucuronate (L137U4A79K) ; Trimetrexate (UPN4ITI8T4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003-08-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 80069-7
    ISSN 1528-0020 ; 0006-4971
    ISSN (online) 1528-0020
    ISSN 0006-4971
    DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-05-1572
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Functional amelioration of murine galactosialidosis by genetically modified bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells.

    Leimig, Thasia / Mann, Linda / Martin, Maria del Pilar / Bonten, Erik / Persons, Derek / Knowles, James / Allay, James A / Cunningham, John / Nienhuis, Arthur W / Smeyne, Richard / d'Azzo, Alessandra

    Blood

    2002  Volume 99, Issue 9, Page(s) 3169–3178

    Abstract: Protective protein/cathepsin A (PPCA), a lysosomal carboxypeptidase, is deficient in the neurodegenerative lysosomal disorder galactosialidosis (GS). PPCA(-/-) mice display a disease course similar to that of severe human GS, resulting in nephropathy, ... ...

    Abstract Protective protein/cathepsin A (PPCA), a lysosomal carboxypeptidase, is deficient in the neurodegenerative lysosomal disorder galactosialidosis (GS). PPCA(-/-) mice display a disease course similar to that of severe human GS, resulting in nephropathy, ataxia, and premature death. Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in mutant animals using transgenic BM overexpressing the corrective enzyme in either erythroid cells or monocytes/macrophages has proven effective for the improvement of the phenotype, and encouraged the use of genetically modified BM cells for ex vivo gene therapy of GS. Here, we established stable donor hematopoiesis in PPCA(-/-) mice that received hematopoietic progenitors transduced with a murine stem cell virus (MSCV)-based, bicistronic retroviral vector overexpressing PPCA and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) marker. We observed complete correction of the disease phenotype in the systemic organs up to 10 months after transplantation. PPCA(+) BM-derived cells were detected in all tissues, with the highest expression in liver, spleen, BM, thymus, and lung. In addition, a lysosomal immunostaining was seen in nonhematopoietic cells, indicating efficient uptake of the corrective protein by these cells and cross-correction. Expression in the brain occurred throughout the parenchyma but was mainly localized on perivascular areas. However, PPCA expression in the central nervous system was apparently sufficient to delay the onset of Purkinje cell degeneration and to correct the ataxia. The long-term expression and internalization of the PPCA by cells of systemic organs and the clear improvement of the neurologic phenotype support the use of this approach for the treatment of GS in humans. (Blood. 2002;99:3169-3178)
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Ataxia/etiology ; Ataxia/therapy ; Bone Marrow Cells/cytology ; Carboxypeptidases/administration & dosage ; Carboxypeptidases/genetics ; Carboxypeptidases/pharmacokinetics ; Cathepsin A ; Central Nervous System Diseases/etiology ; Central Nervous System Diseases/therapy ; Genetic Therapy/methods ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism ; Kidney Diseases/etiology ; Kidney Diseases/therapy ; Luminescent Proteins/genetics ; Lysosomal Storage Diseases/therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mucolipidoses/complications ; Mucolipidoses/pathology ; Mucolipidoses/therapy ; Neuraminidase/deficiency ; Organ Specificity ; Tissue Distribution ; Treatment Outcome ; beta-Galactosidase/deficiency
    Chemical Substances Luminescent Proteins ; Green Fluorescent Proteins (147336-22-9) ; Neuraminidase (EC 3.2.1.18) ; beta-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) ; Carboxypeptidases (EC 3.4.-) ; Cathepsin A (EC 3.4.16.5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2002-05-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 80069-7
    ISSN 1528-0020 ; 0006-4971
    ISSN (online) 1528-0020
    ISSN 0006-4971
    DOI 10.1182/blood.v99.9.3169
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Transrectal gene therapy of the prostate in the canine model.

    Weld, Kyle J / Mayher, Brant E / Allay, James A / Cockroft, Jody L / Reed, Christopher P / Randolph, Mildred M / Lu, Yi / Steiner, Mitchell S / Gingrich, Jeffrey R

    Cancer gene therapy

    2002  Volume 9, Issue 2, Page(s) 189–196

    Abstract: Direct transrectal delivery of therapeutic genes utilizing adenoviral vectors for advanced prostate cancer may offer effective treatment at the molecular level. Large animal models to assess feasibility and the intraprostatic and systemic dissemination ... ...

    Abstract Direct transrectal delivery of therapeutic genes utilizing adenoviral vectors for advanced prostate cancer may offer effective treatment at the molecular level. Large animal models to assess feasibility and the intraprostatic and systemic dissemination patterns of these vectors have not been reported. For these studies, a replication-deficient (E1(-)/E3(-)) recombinant adenovirus (AdRSVlacZ) expressing bacterial beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) was delivered under transrectal ultrasound guidance. Two prostate biopsies, followed by concurrent injection of 4.8 x 10(9) pfu of the adenoviral vector divided into either 1 or 2 mL of diluent, were performed (n=4). Swabs of the rectum, sputum, and urine were collected and after 72 hours, the animals were sacrificed. Specimens were assayed for the presence of virus and beta-gal activity. Rectal swabs were transiently positive, whereas urine and sputum samples showed no detectable vector throughout the experiment. Beta-gal activity was observed at the prostate injection sites with detectable activity noted up to 7.5 mm away from the injection site. Systemic dissemination was observed regardless of the injected volume. In conclusion, transrectal prostate biopsy with concurrent prostate injection is a feasible method to deliver therapeutic adenoviral vectors for the treatment of prostate cancer; however, systemic distribution and temporary rectal shedding of virus should be anticipated.
    MeSH term(s) Adenoviridae/genetics ; Animals ; DNA/metabolism ; DNA Primers ; Dogs ; Genetic Therapy/methods ; Genetic Vectors/administration & dosage ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prostate/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/therapy ; Rectum/metabolism ; Sputum/metabolism ; Tissue Distribution ; beta-Galactosidase/metabolism ; beta-Galactosidase/pharmacokinetics ; beta-Galactosidase/urine
    Chemical Substances DNA Primers ; DNA (9007-49-2) ; beta-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2002-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1212513-1
    ISSN 0929-1903
    ISSN 0929-1903
    DOI 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700425
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Adenovirus-associated virus vector-mediated gene transfer in hemophilia B.

    Nathwani, Amit C / Tuddenham, Edward G D / Rangarajan, Savita / Rosales, Cecilia / McIntosh, Jenny / Linch, David C / Chowdary, Pratima / Riddell, Anne / Pie, Arnulfo Jaquilmac / Harrington, Chris / O'Beirne, James / Smith, Keith / Pasi, John / Glader, Bertil / Rustagi, Pradip / Ng, Catherine Y C / Kay, Mark A / Zhou, Junfang / Spence, Yunyu /
    Morton, Christopher L / Allay, James / Coleman, John / Sleep, Susan / Cunningham, John M / Srivastava, Deokumar / Basner-Tschakarjan, Etiena / Mingozzi, Federico / High, Katherine A / Gray, John T / Reiss, Ulrike M / Nienhuis, Arthur W / Davidoff, Andrew M

    The New England journal of medicine

    2011  Volume 365, Issue 25, Page(s) 2357–2365

    Abstract: Background: Hemophilia B, an X-linked disorder, is ideally suited for gene therapy. We investigated the use of a new gene therapy in patients with the disorder.: Methods: We infused a single dose of a serotype-8-pseudotyped, self-complementary ... ...

    Abstract Background: Hemophilia B, an X-linked disorder, is ideally suited for gene therapy. We investigated the use of a new gene therapy in patients with the disorder.
    Methods: We infused a single dose of a serotype-8-pseudotyped, self-complementary adenovirus-associated virus (AAV) vector expressing a codon-optimized human factor IX (FIX) transgene (scAAV2/8-LP1-hFIXco) in a peripheral vein in six patients with severe hemophilia B (FIX activity, <1% of normal values). Study participants were enrolled sequentially in one of three cohorts (given a high, intermediate, or low dose of vector), with two participants in each group. Vector was administered without immunosuppressive therapy, and participants were followed for 6 to 16 months.
    Results: AAV-mediated expression of FIX at 2 to 11% of normal levels was observed in all participants. Four of the six discontinued FIX prophylaxis and remained free of spontaneous hemorrhage; in the other two, the interval between prophylactic injections was increased. Of the two participants who received the high dose of vector, one had a transient, asymptomatic elevation of serum aminotransferase levels, which was associated with the detection of AAV8-capsid-specific T cells in the peripheral blood; the other had a slight increase in liver-enzyme levels, the cause of which was less clear. Each of these two participants received a short course of glucocorticoid therapy, which rapidly normalized aminotransferase levels and maintained FIX levels in the range of 3 to 11% of normal values.
    Conclusions: Peripheral-vein infusion of scAAV2/8-LP1-hFIXco resulted in FIX transgene expression at levels sufficient to improve the bleeding phenotype, with few side effects. Although immune-mediated clearance of AAV-transduced hepatocytes remains a concern, this process may be controlled with a short course of glucocorticoids without loss of transgene expression. (Funded by the Medical Research Council and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00979238.).
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Dependovirus/genetics ; Factor IX/genetics ; Factor IX/therapeutic use ; Genetic Therapy/adverse effects ; Genetic Vectors/immunology ; Hemophilia B/therapy ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Middle Aged ; Transgenes/immunology
    Chemical Substances Factor IX (9001-28-9)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-12-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial, Phase I ; Clinical Trial, Phase II ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa1108046
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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