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  1. Article ; Online: A Critical Analysis of the Evidence for the SARS-CoV-2 Origin Hypotheses.

    Alwine, James C / Casadevall, Arturo / Enquist, Lynn W / Goodrum, Felicia D / Imperiale, Michael J

    Journal of virology

    2023  Volume 97, Issue 4, Page(s) e0036523

    Abstract: When humans experience a new, devastating viral infection such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), significant challenges arise. How should individuals as well as societies respond to the situation? One of the primary ... ...

    Abstract When humans experience a new, devastating viral infection such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), significant challenges arise. How should individuals as well as societies respond to the situation? One of the primary questions concerns the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that infected and was transmitted efficiently among humans, resulting in a pandemic. At first glance, the question appears straightforward to answer. However, the origin of SARS-CoV-2 has been the topic of substantial debate primarily because we do not have access to some relevant data. At least two major hypotheses have been suggested: a natural origin through zoonosis followed by sustained human-to-human spread or the introduction of a natural virus into humans from a laboratory source. Here, we summarize the scientific evidence that informs this debate to provide our fellow scientists and the public with the tools to join the discussion in a constructive and informed manner. Our goal is to dissect the evidence to make it more accessible to those interested in this important problem. The engagement of a broad representation of scientists is critical to ensure that the public and policy-makers can draw on relevant expertise in navigating this controversy.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/transmission ; COVID-19/virology ; Laboratories/standards ; Pandemics ; Research/standards ; SARS-CoV-2/classification ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Scientific Experimental Error ; Viral Zoonoses/transmission ; Viral Zoonoses/virology ; Chiroptera/virology ; Animals, Wild/virology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 80174-4
    ISSN 1098-5514 ; 0022-538X
    ISSN (online) 1098-5514
    ISSN 0022-538X
    DOI 10.1128/jvi.00365-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  2. Article ; Online: A Critical Analysis of the Evidence for the SARS-CoV-2 Origin Hypotheses.

    Alwine, James C / Casadevall, Arturo / Enquist, Lynn W / Goodrum, Felicia D / Imperiale, Michael J

    mBio

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) e0058323

    Abstract: When humans experience a new, devastating viral infection such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), significant challenges arise. How should individuals as well as societies respond to the situation? One of the primary ... ...

    Abstract When humans experience a new, devastating viral infection such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), significant challenges arise. How should individuals as well as societies respond to the situation? One of the primary questions concerns the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that infected and was transmitted efficiently among humans, resulting in a pandemic. At first glance, the question appears straightforward to answer. However, the origin of SARS-CoV-2 has been the topic of substantial debate primarily because we do not have access to some relevant data. At least two major hypotheses have been suggested: a natural origin through zoonosis followed by sustained human-to-human spread or the introduction of a natural virus into humans from a laboratory source. Here, we summarize the scientific evidence that informs this debate to provide our fellow scientists and the public with the tools to join the discussion in a constructive and informed manner. Our goal is to dissect the evidence to make it more accessible to those interested in this important problem. The engagement of a broad representation of scientists is critical to ensure that the public and policy-makers can draw on relevant expertise in navigating this controversy.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Pandemics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2557172-2
    ISSN 2150-7511 ; 2161-2129
    ISSN (online) 2150-7511
    ISSN 2161-2129
    DOI 10.1128/mbio.00583-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A Critical Analysis of the Evidence for the SARS-CoV-2 Origin Hypotheses.

    Alwine, James C / Casadevall, Arturo / Enquist, Lynn W / Goodrum, Felicia D / Imperiale, Michael J

    mSphere

    2023  Volume 8, Issue 2, Page(s) e0011923

    Abstract: When humans experience a new, devastating viral infection such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), significant challenges arise. How should individuals as well as societies respond to the situation? One of the primary ... ...

    Abstract When humans experience a new, devastating viral infection such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), significant challenges arise. How should individuals as well as societies respond to the situation? One of the primary questions concerns the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that infected and was transmitted efficiently among humans, resulting in a pandemic. At first glance, the question appears straightforward to answer. However, the origin of SARS-CoV-2 has been the topic of substantial debate primarily because we do not have access to some relevant data. At least two major hypotheses have been suggested: a natural origin through zoonosis followed by sustained human-to-human spread or the introduction of a natural virus into humans from a laboratory source. Here, we summarize the scientific evidence that informs this debate to provide our fellow scientists and the public with the tools to join the discussion in a constructive and informed manner. Our goal is to dissect the evidence to make it more accessible to those interested in this important problem. The engagement of a broad representation of scientists is critical to ensure that the public and policy-makers can draw on relevant expertise in navigating this controversy.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/etiology ; COVID-19/transmission ; COVID-19/virology ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Viral Zoonoses/etiology ; Viral Zoonoses/transmission ; Viral Zoonoses/virology ; Furin/metabolism ; RNA Cleavage/genetics ; Genome, Viral ; Chiroptera/virology ; Animals
    Chemical Substances Furin (EC 3.4.21.75)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 2379-5042
    ISSN (online) 2379-5042
    DOI 10.1128/msphere.00119-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: What Is the Price of Science?

    Alwine, James C / Enquist, Lynn W / Dermody, Terence S / Goodrum, Felicia

    mBio

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 2

    Abstract: The peer-reviewed scientific literature is the bedrock of science. However, scientific publishing is undergoing dramatic changes, which include the expansion of open access, an increased number of for-profit publication houses, and ready availability of ... ...

    Abstract The peer-reviewed scientific literature is the bedrock of science. However, scientific publishing is undergoing dramatic changes, which include the expansion of open access, an increased number of for-profit publication houses, and ready availability of preprint manuscripts that have not been peer reviewed. In this opinion article, we discuss the inequities and concerns that these changes have wrought.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Information Dissemination ; Peer Review, Research/ethics ; Peer Review, Research/standards ; Publishing/ethics ; Publishing/standards
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2557172-2
    ISSN 2150-7511 ; 2161-2129
    ISSN (online) 2150-7511
    ISSN 2161-2129
    DOI 10.1128/mBio.00117-21
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Oversight of Pathogen Research Must Be Carefully Calibrated and Clearly Defined.

    Lowen, Anice C / Casadevall, Arturo / Alwine, James C / Enquist, Lynn W / Goodrum, Felicia D / Imperiale, Michael J / Lakdawala, Seema S

    mSphere

    2023  Volume 8, Issue 2, Page(s) e0006623

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 2379-5042
    ISSN (online) 2379-5042
    DOI 10.1128/msphere.00066-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Oversight of Pathogen Research Must Be Carefully Calibrated and Clearly Defined.

    Lowen, Anice C / Casadevall, Arturo / Alwine, James C / Enquist, Lynn W / Goodrum, Felicia D / Imperiale, Michael J / Lakdawala, Seema S

    Journal of virology

    2023  Volume 97, Issue 3, Page(s) e0017623

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 80174-4
    ISSN 1098-5514 ; 0022-538X
    ISSN (online) 1098-5514
    ISSN 0022-538X
    DOI 10.1128/jvi.00176-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 609: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  7. Article ; Online: Oversight of Pathogen Research Must Be Carefully Calibrated and Clearly Defined.

    Lowen, Anice C / Casadevall, Arturo / Alwine, James C / Enquist, Lynn W / Goodrum, Felicia D / Imperiale, Michael J / Lakdawala, Seema S

    mBio

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) e0032323

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2557172-2
    ISSN 2150-7511 ; 2161-2129
    ISSN (online) 2150-7511
    ISSN 2161-2129
    DOI 10.1128/mbio.00323-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: The human cytomegalovirus assembly compartment: a masterpiece of viral manipulation of cellular processes that facilitates assembly and egress.

    Alwine, James C

    PLoS pathogens

    2012  Volume 8, Issue 9, Page(s) e1002878

    MeSH term(s) Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/ultrastructure ; Cell Nucleus/virology ; Cytomegalovirus/metabolism ; Cytomegalovirus/pathogenicity ; Cytomegalovirus Infections/virology ; Humans ; Nuclear Envelope/metabolism ; Nuclear Envelope/ultrastructure ; Nuclear Envelope/virology ; Nucleocapsid/biosynthesis ; Virus Assembly/physiology ; Virus Release/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-09-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2205412-1
    ISSN 1553-7374 ; 1553-7366
    ISSN (online) 1553-7374
    ISSN 1553-7366
    DOI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002878
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Human Cytomegalovirus: Coordinating Cellular Stress, Signaling, and Metabolic Pathways.

    Shenk, Thomas / Alwine, James C

    Annual review of virology

    2014  Volume 1, Issue 1, Page(s) 355–374

    Abstract: Viruses face a multitude of challenges when they infect a host cell. Cells have evolved innate defenses to protect against pathogens, and an infecting virus may induce a stress response that antagonizes viral replication. Further, the metabolic, ... ...

    Abstract Viruses face a multitude of challenges when they infect a host cell. Cells have evolved innate defenses to protect against pathogens, and an infecting virus may induce a stress response that antagonizes viral replication. Further, the metabolic, oxidative, and cell cycle state may not be conducive to the viral infection. But viruses are fabulous manipulators, inducing host cells to use their own characteristic mechanisms and pathways to provide what the virus needs. This article centers on the manipulation of host cell metabolism by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). We review the features of the metabolic program instituted by the virus, discuss the mechanisms underlying these dramatic metabolic changes, and consider how the altered program creates a synthetic milieu that favors efficient HCMV replication and spread.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2764224-0
    ISSN 2327-0578 ; 2327-056X
    ISSN (online) 2327-0578
    ISSN 2327-056X
    DOI 10.1146/annurev-virology-031413-085425
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Dynein mediates the localization and activation of mTOR in normal and human cytomegalovirus-infected cells.

    Clippinger, Amy J / Alwine, James C

    Genes & development

    2012  Volume 26, Issue 18, Page(s) 2015–2026

    Abstract: Activation of stress signaling pathways normally leads to inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1); however, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection maintains mTORC1 activity in the presence of numerous types of stress. We ... ...

    Abstract Activation of stress signaling pathways normally leads to inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1); however, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection maintains mTORC1 activity in the presence of numerous types of stress. We previously demonstrated that HCMV infection maintains mTORC1 activity during amino acid deprivation through a Ras-related GTP-binding (Rag) protein-independent mechanism. This depends on the colocalization of mTOR and its activator, Rheb (Ras homology enriched in brain)-GTP, to a perinuclear position that corresponds to the viral cytoplasmic assembly compartment (AC). The data presented here show that the HCMV-induced, amino acid depletion-resistant perinuclear localization and activation of mTORC1 occurs as early as 8 h post-infection, prior to AC formation. We show that the molecular motor dynein is required for perinuclear localization of mTORC1 in both uninfected and HCMV-infected cells. Association between dynein and mTOR is shown by coimmunoprecipitation, and inhibition of dynein function using RNAi or the small molecule inhibitor ciliobrevin A inhibits mTORC1 activity in both uninfected and HCMV-infected cells. The data suggest that mTORC1 activation requires dynein-dependent transport to a position in the cell where it can be activated. Thus, the HCMV commandeers a cellular dynein-dependent mTORC1 activation mechanism to maintain stress-resistant mTORC1 activity during infection and to form the AC.
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acids/deficiency ; Amino Acids/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytomegalovirus Infections/physiopathology ; Dyneins/genetics ; Dyneins/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; Humans ; Immunoprecipitation ; Protein Transport ; RNA Interference ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Amino Acids ; MTOR protein, human (EC 2.7.1.1) ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.1.1) ; Dyneins (EC 3.6.4.2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-09-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 806684-x
    ISSN 1549-5477 ; 0890-9369
    ISSN (online) 1549-5477
    ISSN 0890-9369
    DOI 10.1101/gad.196147.112
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.MG 54: Show issues

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