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  1. Artikel: Spaceflight Induced Disorders: Potential Nutritional Countermeasures.

    Costa, Fabio / Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio / Beccari, Tommaso / Conte, Carmela / Cataldi, Samuela / Curcio, Francesco / Albi, Elisabetta

    Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology

    2021  Band 9, Seite(n) 666683

    Abstract: Space travel is an extreme experience even for the astronaut who has received extensive basic training in various fields, from aeronautics to engineering, from medicine to physics and biology. Microgravity puts a strain on members of space crews, both ... ...

    Abstract Space travel is an extreme experience even for the astronaut who has received extensive basic training in various fields, from aeronautics to engineering, from medicine to physics and biology. Microgravity puts a strain on members of space crews, both physically and mentally: short-term or long-term travel in orbit the International Space Station may have serious repercussions on the human body, which may undergo physiological changes affecting almost all organs and systems, particularly at the muscular, cardiovascular and bone compartments. This review aims to highlight recent studies describing damages of human body induced by the space environment for microgravity, and radiation. All novel conditions, to ally unknown to the Darwinian selection strategies on Earth, to which we should add the psychological stress that astronauts suffer due to the inevitable forced cohabitation in claustrophobic environments, the deprivation from their affections and the need to adapt to a new lifestyle with molecular changes due to the confinement. In this context, significant nutritional deficiencies with consequent molecular mechanism changes in the cells that induce to the onset of physiological and cognitive impairment have been considered.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-04-21
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2719493-0
    ISSN 2296-4185
    ISSN 2296-4185
    DOI 10.3389/fbioe.2021.666683
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Radiation and Thyroid Cancer.

    Albi, Elisabetta / Cataldi, Samuela / Lazzarini, Andrea / Codini, Michela / Beccari, Tommaso / Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio / Curcio, Francesco

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2017  Band 18, Heft 5

    Abstract: Radiation-induced damage is a complex network of interlinked signaling pathways, which may result in apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and cancer. The development of thyroid cancer in response to radiation, from nuclear catastrophes to ... ...

    Abstract Radiation-induced damage is a complex network of interlinked signaling pathways, which may result in apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and cancer. The development of thyroid cancer in response to radiation, from nuclear catastrophes to chemotherapy, has long been an object of study. A basic overview of the ionizing and non-ionizing radiation effects of the sensitivity of the thyroid gland on radiation and cancer development has been provided. In this review, we focus our attention on experiments in cell cultures exposed to ionizing radiation, ultraviolet light, and proton beams. Studies on the involvement of specific genes, proteins, and lipids are also reported. This review also describes how lipids are regulated in response to the radiation-induced damage and how they are involved in thyroid cancer etiology, invasion, and migration and how they can be used as both diagnostic markers and drug targets.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2017-04-26
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms18050911
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  3. Artikel ; Online: Impact of Gravity on Thyroid Cells.

    Albi, Elisabetta / Krüger, Marcus / Hemmersbach, Ruth / Lazzarini, Andrea / Cataldi, Samuela / Codini, Michela / Beccari, Tommaso / Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio / Curcio, Francesco

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2017  Band 18, Heft 5

    Abstract: Physical and mental health requires a correct functioning of the thyroid gland, which controls cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, nervous, and immune systems, and affects behavior and cognitive functions. Microgravity, as occurs during space missions, ... ...

    Abstract Physical and mental health requires a correct functioning of the thyroid gland, which controls cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, nervous, and immune systems, and affects behavior and cognitive functions. Microgravity, as occurs during space missions, induces morphological and functional changes within the thyroid gland. Here, we review relevant experiments exposing cell cultures (normal and cancer thyroid cells) to simulated and real microgravity, as well as wild-type and transgenic mice to hypergravity and spaceflight conditions. Well-known mechanisms of damage are presented and new ones, such as changes of gene expression for extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton proteins, thyrocyte phenotype, sensitivity of thyrocytes to thyrotropin due to thyrotropin receptor modification, parafollicular cells and calcitonin production, sphingomyelin metabolism, and the expression and movement of cancer molecules from thyrocytes to colloids are highlighted. The identification of new mechanisms of thyroid injury is essential for the development of countermeasures, both on the ground and in space, against thyroid cancer. We also address the question whether normal and cancer cells show a different sensitivity concerning changes of environmental conditions.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Humans ; Space Flight ; Thyroid Gland/cytology ; Thyroid Gland/pathology ; Thyroid Gland/physiology ; Thyroid Neoplasms/etiology ; Weightlessness/adverse effects
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2017-05-04
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms18050972
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel ; Online: Acid and Neutral Sphingomyelinase Behavior in Radiation-Induced Liver Pyroptosis and in the Protective/Preventive Role of rMnSOD.

    Cataldi, Samuela / Borrelli, Antonella / Ceccarini, Maria Rachele / Nakashidze, Irina / Codini, Michela / Belov, Oleg / Ivanov, Alexander / Krasavin, Eugene / Ferri, Ivana / Conte, Carmela / Patria, Federica Filomena / Beccari, Tommaso / Mancini, Aldo / Curcio, Francesco / Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio / Albi, Elisabetta

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2020  Band 21, Heft 9

    Abstract: Sphingomyelins (SMs) are a class of relevant bioactive molecules that act as key modulators of different cellular processes, such as growth arrest, exosome formation, and the inflammatory response influenced by many environmental conditions, leading to ... ...

    Abstract Sphingomyelins (SMs) are a class of relevant bioactive molecules that act as key modulators of different cellular processes, such as growth arrest, exosome formation, and the inflammatory response influenced by many environmental conditions, leading to pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death due to Caspase-1 involvement. To study liver pyroptosis and hepatic SM metabolism via both lysosomal acid SMase (aSMase) and endoplasmic reticulum/nucleus neutral SMase (nSMase) during the exposure of mice to radiation and to ascertain if this process can be modulated by protective molecules, we used an experimental design (previously used by us) to evaluate the effects of both ionizing radiation and a specific protective molecule (rMnSOD) in the brain in collaboration with the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna (Russia). As shown by the Caspase-1 immunostaining of the liver sections, the radiation resulted in the loss of the normal cell structure alongside a progressive and dose-dependent increase of the labelling, treatment, and pretreatment with rMnSOD, which had a significant protective effect on the livers. SM metabolic analyses, performed on aSMase and nSMase gene expression, as well as protein content and activity, proved that rMnSOD was able to significantly reduce radiation-induced damage by playing both a protective role via aSMase and a preventive role via nSMase.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Caspase 1/metabolism ; Female ; Liver/drug effects ; Liver/metabolism ; Liver/radiation effects ; Mice ; Pyroptosis ; Radiation Injuries/drug therapy ; Radiation Injuries/metabolism ; Radiation-Protective Agents/pharmacology ; Radiation-Protective Agents/therapeutic use ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/metabolism ; Sphingomyelins/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Radiation-Protective Agents ; Sphingomyelins ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.12) ; Caspase 1 (EC 3.4.22.36)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-05-06
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms21093281
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Artikel ; Online: Nuclear Lipid Microdomains Regulate Daunorubicin Resistance in Hepatoma Cells.

    Codini, Michela / Conte, Carmela / Cataldi, Samuela / Arcuri, Cataldo / Lazzarini, Andrea / Ceccarini, Maria Rachele / Patria, Federica / Floridi, Alessandro / Mecca, Carmen / Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio / Beccari, Tommaso / Curcio, Francesco / Albi, Elisabetta

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2018  Band 19, Heft 11

    Abstract: Daunorubicin is an anticancer drug, and cholesterol is involved in cancer progression, but their relationship has not been defined. In this study, we developed a novel experimental model that utilizes daunorubicin, cholesterol, and daunorubicin plus ... ...

    Abstract Daunorubicin is an anticancer drug, and cholesterol is involved in cancer progression, but their relationship has not been defined. In this study, we developed a novel experimental model that utilizes daunorubicin, cholesterol, and daunorubicin plus cholesterol in the same cells (H35) to search for the role of nuclear lipid microdomains, rich in cholesterol and sphingomyelin, in drug resistance. We find that the daunorubicin induces perturbation of nuclear lipid microdomains, localized in the inner nuclear membrane, where active chromatin is anchored. As changes of sphingomyelin species in nuclear lipid microdomains depend on neutral sphingomyelinase activity, we extended our studies to investigate whether the enzyme is modulated by daunorubicin. Indeed the drug stimulated the sphingomyelinase activity that induced reduction of saturated long chain fatty acid sphingomyelin species in nuclear lipid microdomains. Incubation of untreated-drug cells with high levels of cholesterol resulted in the inhibition of sphingomyelinase activity with increased saturated fatty acid sphingomyelin species. In daunodubicin-treated cells, incubation with cholesterol reversed the action of the drug by acting via neutral sphingomyelinase. In conclusion, we suggest that cholesterol and sphingomyelin-forming nuclear lipid microdomains are involved in the drug resistance.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Nucleus/drug effects ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Daunorubicin/pharmacology ; Down-Regulation/drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects ; Golgi Matrix Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Lamin Type B/metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology ; Membrane Microdomains/drug effects ; Membrane Microdomains/metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/metabolism ; Sphingomyelins/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Golgi Matrix Proteins ; Lamin Type B ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; Sphingomyelins ; macrogolgin ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J) ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.12) ; Daunorubicin (ZS7284E0ZP)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2018-11-01
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms19113424
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Artikel ; Online: VDR independent induction of acid-sphingomyelinase by 1,23(OH)

    Albi, Elisabetta / Cataldi, Samuela / Ferri, Ivana / Sidoni, Angelo / Traina, Giovanna / Fettucciari, Katia / Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio / Lazzarini, Andrea / Curcio, Francesco / Ceccarini, Maria Rachele / Beccari, Tommaso / Codini, Michela

    Biochimie

    2018  Band 146, Seite(n) 35–42

    Abstract: 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin ... ...

    Abstract 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Apoptosis/drug effects ; Calcitriol/pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Enzyme Induction/drug effects ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic/drug effects ; Receptors, Calcitriol/genetics ; Receptors, Calcitriol/metabolism ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/biosynthesis ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/genetics
    Chemische Substanzen Receptors, Calcitriol ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.12) ; Calcitriol (FXC9231JVH)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2018-03
    Erscheinungsland France
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120345-9
    ISSN 1638-6183 ; 0300-9084
    ISSN (online) 1638-6183
    ISSN 0300-9084
    DOI 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.11.011
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel ; Online: Gentamicin arrests cancer cell growth: the intriguing involvement of nuclear sphingomyelin metabolism.

    Codini, Michela / Cataldi, Samuela / Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio / Lazzarini, Andrea / Floridi, Alessandro / Lazzarini, Remo / Curcio, Francesco / Beccari, Tommaso / Albi, Elisabetta

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2015  Band 16, Heft 2, Seite(n) 2307–2319

    Abstract: The use of gentamicin for the treatment of bacterial infection has always been an interesting and highly speculated issue for the scientific community. Conversely, its effect on cancer cells has been very little investigated. We studied the effect of ... ...

    Abstract The use of gentamicin for the treatment of bacterial infection has always been an interesting and highly speculated issue for the scientific community. Conversely, its effect on cancer cells has been very little investigated. We studied the effect of high doses of gentamicin on non-Hodgkin's T-cell human lymphoblastic lymphoma (SUP-T1). We showed that gentamicin delayed cell growth and induced cell death in lymphoma cells with a rather mild effect on lymphocytes. In SUP-T1 cells, GAPDH, B2M, CDKN1A and CDKN1B were down-expressed in comparison with lymphocytes. Gentamicin treatment in SUP-T1 cells restored the expression of GAPDH, B2M and CDKN1A to values similar to those of lymphocytes and caused overexpression of CDKN1B. The drug acted via sphingomyelin metabolism; in whole cells, sphingomyelinase activity was stimulated, whereas in purified nuclei, sphingomyelinase activity was inhibited and that of sphingomyelin-synthase was stimulated, with a consequent high level of nuclear sphingomyelin content. We suggest that the increase of nuclear sphingomyelin might enrich the nucleus of lipid microdomains that act as a platform for active chromatin and, thus, might be responsible for gene expression. It is possible that in lymphoblastic lymphoma, high doses of gentamicin induce a beneficial therapeutic outcome.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Anti-Bacterial Agents/toxicity ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/genetics ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27/genetics ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27/metabolism ; Down-Regulation/drug effects ; Gentamicins/toxicity ; Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases/genetics ; Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases/metabolism ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism/drug effects ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/metabolism ; Sphingomyelins/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; Gentamicins ; Sphingomyelins ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 (147604-94-2) ; Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases (EC 1.2.1.-) ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.12)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2015-01-22
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms16022307
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  8. Artikel ; Online: Neutral Sphingomyelinase Modulation in the Protective/Preventive Role of rMnSOD from Radiation-Induced Damage in the Brain.

    Cataldi, Samuela / Borrelli, Antonella / Ceccarini, Maria Rachele / Nakashidze, Irina / Codini, Michela / Belov, Oleg / Ivanov, Alexander / Krasavin, Eugene / Ferri, Ivana / Conte, Carmela / Patria, Federica Filomena / Traina, Giovanna / Beccari, Tommaso / Mancini, Aldo / Curcio, Francesco / Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio / Albi, Elisabetta

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2019  Band 20, Heft 21

    Abstract: Studies on the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS)/manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and sphingomyelinase (SMase) are controversial. It has been demonstrated that SMase increases the intracellular ROS level and induces gene expression ...

    Abstract Studies on the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS)/manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and sphingomyelinase (SMase) are controversial. It has been demonstrated that SMase increases the intracellular ROS level and induces gene expression for MnSOD protein. On the other hand, some authors showed that ROS modulate the activation of SMase. The human recombinant manganese superoxide dismutase (rMnSOD) exerting a radioprotective effect on normal cells, qualifies as a possible pharmaceutical tool to prevent and/or cure damages derived from accidental exposure to ionizing radiation. This study aimed to identify neutral SMase (nSMase) as novel molecule connecting rMnSOD to its radiation protective effects. We used a new, and to this date, unique, experimental model to assess the effect of both radiation and rMnSOD in the brain of mice, within a collaborative project among Italian research groups and the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna (Russia). Mice were exposed to a set of minor γ radiation and neutrons and a spectrum of neutrons, simulating the radiation levels to which cosmonauts will be exposed during deep-space, long-term missions. Groups of mice were treated or not-treated (controls) with daily subcutaneous injections of rMnSOD during a period of 10 days. An additional group of mice was also pretreated with rMnSOD for three days before irradiation, as a model for preventive measures. We demonstrate that rMnSOD significantly protects the midbrain cells from radiation-induced damage, inducing a strong upregulation of nSMase gene and protein expression. Pretreatment with rMnSOD before irradiation protects the brain with a value of very high nSMase activity, indicating that high levels of activity might be sufficient to exert the rMnSOD preventive role. In conclusion, the protective effect of rMnSOD from radiation-induced brain damage may require nSMase enzyme.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Brain/drug effects ; Brain/pathology ; Brain/radiation effects ; Female ; Gene Expression/drug effects ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Radiation-Protective Agents/administration & dosage ; Radiation-Protective Agents/pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage ; Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/genetics ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase/administration & dosage ; Superoxide Dismutase/genetics ; Superoxide Dismutase/pharmacology
    Chemische Substanzen Radiation-Protective Agents ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Recombinant Proteins ; Superoxide Dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.12)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2019-10-31
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms20215431
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Artikel ; Online: Critical role for the protons in FRTL-5 thyroid cells: nuclear sphingomyelinase induced-damage.

    Albi, Elisabetta / Perrella, Giuseppina / Lazzarini, Andrea / Cataldi, Samuela / Lazzarini, Remo / Floridi, Alessandro / Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio / Curcio, Francesco

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2014  Band 15, Heft 7, Seite(n) 11555–11565

    Abstract: Proliferating thyroid cells are more sensitive to UV-C radiations than quiescent cells. The effect is mediated by nuclear phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin metabolism. It was demonstrated that proton beams arrest cell growth and stimulate apoptosis ... ...

    Abstract Proliferating thyroid cells are more sensitive to UV-C radiations than quiescent cells. The effect is mediated by nuclear phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin metabolism. It was demonstrated that proton beams arrest cell growth and stimulate apoptosis but until now there have been no indications in the literature about their possible mechanism of action. Here we studied the effect of protons on FRTL-5 cells in culture. We showed that proton beams stimulate slightly nuclear neutral sphingomyelinase activity and inhibit nuclear sphingomyelin-synthase activity in quiescent cells whereas stimulate strongly nuclear neutral sphingomyelinase activity and do not change nuclear sphingomyelin-synthase activity in proliferating cells. The study of neutral sphingomyelinase/sphingomyelin-synthase ratio, a marker of functional state of the cells, indicated that proton beams induce FRTL-5 cells in a proapoptotic state if the cells are quiescent and in an initial apoptotic state if the cells are proliferating. The changes of cell life are accompanied by a decrease of nuclear sphingomyelin and increase of bax protein.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/radiation effects ; Protons ; Rats ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/metabolism ; Thyroid Gland/cytology ; Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups)/metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein/genetics ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Protons ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups) (EC 2.7.8.-) ; phosphatidylcholine-ceramide phosphocholine transferase (EC 2.7.8.-) ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.12)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2014-06-27
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms150711555
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Artikel ; Online: A firmer understanding of the effect of hypergravity on thyroid tissue: cholesterol and thyrotropin receptor.

    Albi, Elisabetta / Curcio, Francesco / Lazzarini, Andrea / Floridi, Alessandro / Cataldi, Samuela / Lazzarini, Remo / Loreti, Elisabetta / Ferri, Ivana / Ambesi-Impiombato, Francesco Saverio

    PloS one

    2014  Band 9, Heft 5, Seite(n) e98250

    Abstract: Maintaining a good health requires the maintenance of a body homeostasis which largely depends on correct functioning of thyroid gland. The cells of the thyroid tissue are strongly sensitive to hypogravity, as already proven in mice after returning to ... ...

    Abstract Maintaining a good health requires the maintenance of a body homeostasis which largely depends on correct functioning of thyroid gland. The cells of the thyroid tissue are strongly sensitive to hypogravity, as already proven in mice after returning to the earth from long-term space missions. Here we studied whether hypergravity may be used to counteract the physiological deconditioning of long-duration spaceflight. We investigated the influence of hypergravity on key lipids and proteins involved in thyroid tissue function. We quantified cholesterol (CHO) and different species of sphingomyelin (SM) and ceramide, analysed thyrotropin (TSH) related molecules such as thyrotropin-receptor (TSHR), cAMP, Caveolin-1 and molecule signalling such as Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3). The hypergravity treatment resulted in the upregulation of the TSHR and Caveolin-1 and downregulation of STAT3 without changes of cAMP. TSHR lost its specific localization and spread throughout the cell membrane; TSH treatment facilitated the shedding of α subunit of TSHR and its releasing into the extracellular space. No specific variations were observed for each species of SM and ceramide. Importantly, the level of CHO was strongly reduced. In conclusion, hypergravity conditions induce change in CHO and TSHR of thyroid gland. The possibility that lipid rafts are strongly perturbed by hypergravity-induced CHO depletion by influencing TSH-TSHR interaction was discussed.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Caveolin 1/metabolism ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Hypergravity ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Receptors, Thyrotropin/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Thyroid Gland/cytology ; Thyroid Gland/physiology ; Thyrotropin/metabolism
    Chemische Substanzen Caveolin 1 ; Receptors, Thyrotropin ; Thyrotropin (9002-71-5) ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J) ; Cyclic AMP (E0399OZS9N)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2014-05-27
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0098250
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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