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Article ; Online: The immune response to a Coxiella burnetii vaccine in sheep varies according to their natural pre-exposure.

Böttcher, Jens / Bauer, Benjamin U / Ambros, Christina / Alex, Michaela / Domes, Ursula / Roth, Sabine / Boll, Kerstin / Korneli, Martin / Bogner, Karl-Heinz / Randt, Andreas / Janowetz, Britta

Vaccine

2024 Volume 42, Issue 8, Page(s) 1993–2003

Abstract: Q fever in humans is caused by Coxiella (C.) burnetii. In 2008 and 2012, cases of Q fever in humans were linked to an infected flock of approximately 650 ewes. Since 2013 gimmers (G'13, G'14, G'15 etc.) were primary vaccinated (two doses) with an ... ...

Abstract	Q fever in humans is caused by Coxiella (C.) burnetii. In 2008 and 2012, cases of Q fever in humans were linked to an infected flock of approximately 650 ewes. Since 2013 gimmers (G'13, G'14, G'15 etc.) were primary vaccinated (two doses) with an inactivated C.burnetii vaccine without any revaccination. In 2013, 30 ewes were primary vaccinated (A'13). Shedding was annually monitored by qPCR-testing of vaginal and nasal swabs collected at lambing. Animals were tested for Phase I- (PhI) and PhII-antibodies (Ab) and for PhII-specific-interferon-γ (IFN-γ) before and after vaccination. The effect of a revaccination was determined in 2018 and 2023. Groups of randomly selected gimmers primary vaccinated in 2015, 2016 and 2017 and a mixed group of older animals (A'13, G'13 and G'14) were revaccinated once in 2018. The trial was repeated in 2023 on groups primary vaccinated in 2019-2023. Major shedding after the outbreak in 2012 ceased in 2014. Thereafter C.burnetii was only sporadically detected at low-level in 2018, 2021 and 2023. Sheep naturally exposed to C.burnetii during the outbreak in 2012 (A'13, G'13) mounted a strong and complete (PhI, PhII, IFN-γ) recall immune response after vaccination. A serological PhI
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Sheep ; Animals ; Female ; Coxiella burnetii ; Q Fever/prevention & control ; Q Fever/veterinary ; Q Fever/epidemiology ; Antibodies ; Bacterial Vaccines ; Immunity
Chemical Substances	Antibodies ; Bacterial Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-21
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605674-x
ISSN	1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
ISSN (online)	1873-2518
ISSN	0264-410X
DOI	10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.048
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Article: Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma ovis–Emerging Pathogens in the German Sheep Population

Bauer, Benjamin Ulrich / Răileanu, Cristian / Tauchmann, Oliver / Fischer, Susanne / Ambros, Christina / Silaghi, Cornelia / Ganter, Martin

Pathogens. 2021 Oct. 09, v. 10, no. 10

2021

Abstract: Knowledge on the occurrence of pathogenic tick-borne bacteria Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma ovis is scarce in sheep from Germany. In 2020, owners from five flocks reported ill thrift lambs and ewes with tick infestation. Out of 67 affected ... ...

Abstract	Knowledge on the occurrence of pathogenic tick-borne bacteria Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma ovis is scarce in sheep from Germany. In 2020, owners from five flocks reported ill thrift lambs and ewes with tick infestation. Out of 67 affected sheep, 55 animals were clinically examined and hematological values, blood chemistry and fecal examinations were performed to investigate the underlying disease causes. Serological tests (cELISA, IFAT) and qPCR were applied to all affected sheep to rule out A. phagocytophilum and A. ovis as a differential diagnosis. Ticks were collected from selected pastures and tested by qPCR. Most animals (n = 43) suffered from selenium deficiency and endoparasites were detected in each flock. Anaplasma spp. antibodies were determined in 59% of examined sheep. Seventeen animals tested positive for A. phagocytophilum by qPCR from all flocks and A. phagocytophilum was also detected in eight pools of Ixodes ricinus. Anaplasma phagocytophilum isolates from sheep and ticks were genotyped using three genes (16S rRNA, msp4 and groEL). Anaplasma ovis DNA was identified in six animals from one flock. Clinical, hematological and biochemical changes were not significantly associated with Anaplasma spp. infection. The 16S rRNA analysis revealed known variants of A. phagocytophilum, whereas the msp4 and groEL showed new genotypes. Further investigations are necessary to evaluate the dissemination and health impact of both pathogens in the German sheep population particularly in case of comorbidities.
Keywords	Anaplasma ovis ; Anaplasma phagocytophilum ; Ixodes ricinus ; blood chemistry ; endoparasites ; flocks ; genotyping ; selenium ; tick infestations ; Germany
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1009
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2695572-6
ISSN	2076-0817
ISSN	2076-0817
DOI	10.3390/pathogens10101298
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Long-term control of Coxiellosis in sheep by annual primary vaccination of gimmers

Böttcher, Jens / Bauer, Benjamin U. / Ambros, Christina / Alex, Michaela / Domes, Ursula / Roth, Sabine / Boll, Kerstin / Korneli, Martin / Bogner, Karl-Heinz / Randt, Andreas / Janowetz, Britta

Vaccine. 2022 July 21,

2022

Abstract: Coxiella (C.) burnetii, a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium, causes Q fever in humans and Coxiellosis in animals. Ruminants are a primary source of human infection with C.burnetii. In 2013, vaccination was implemented in a sheep flock with 650 ewes ... ...

Abstract	Coxiella (C.) burnetii, a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium, causes Q fever in humans and Coxiellosis in animals. Ruminants are a primary source of human infection with C.burnetii. In 2013, vaccination was implemented in a sheep flock with 650 ewes associated with two outbreaks of Q fever in humans in 2008 and 2012. Only gimmers (yearlings) received two doses of a commercial C.burnetii phase I whole cell vaccine three weeks apart (primary vaccination) without any revaccination. Vaginal and nasal swabs collected shortly after lambing were tested by qPCR. Additionally, a group of non-vaccinated sentinels was serologically monitored for phase I (PhI), II (PhII) antibodies and for Interferon γ (IFN-γ) after stimulation of whole blood cells with PhII-antigen with and without an IL-10-neutralizing monoclonal antibody. In 2021, 679 sera collected in 2014–2021 were retested retrospectively with three commercial ELISA kits and one batch of an in-house PhI/PhII-ELISA. A low-level shedding of C.burnetii (<10³ mean C.burnetii/swab) was observed until 2014. In 2021 C.burnetii was detected in two animals (<10³.¹C.burnetii/swab), but vaginal swabs collected at two subsequent lambing seasons remained negative. Seroconversion of sentinels was detected until 2017. However, the retrospective analysis of sentinels in 2021 revealed additional single seropositive animals from 2018 to 2021. IFN-γ reactivity was observed during the whole study period; it peaked in 2014 and in 2018 and decreased thereafter. The sporadic detection of C.burnetii and the immune responses of sentinels suggested that a subliminal infection persisted despite vaccination. Nevertheless, vaccination of gimmers prevented the development of a major outbreak, it controlled the infection and reduced the risk of human infection.
Keywords	Coxiella ; Q fever ; bacteria ; flocks ; human diseases ; monoclonal antibodies ; nose ; retrospective studies ; seroconversion ; seroprevalence ; vaccination ; vaccines
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0721
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	605674-x
ISSN	1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
ISSN (online)	1873-2518
ISSN	0264-410X
DOI	10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.07.029
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Anaplasma phagocytophilum

Bauer, Benjamin Ulrich / Răileanu, Cristian / Tauchmann, Oliver / Fischer, Susanne / Ambros, Christina / Silaghi, Cornelia / Ganter, Martin

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 10, Issue 10

Abstract: Knowledge on the occurrence of pathogenic tick-borne ... ...

Abstract	Knowledge on the occurrence of pathogenic tick-borne bacteria
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2695572-6
ISSN	2076-0817
ISSN	2076-0817
DOI	10.3390/pathogens10101298
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Article: Prevalence of Dichelobacter nodosus and Ovine Footrot in German Sheep Flocks

Storms, Julia / Wirth, Anna / Vasiliadis, Danae / Brodard, Isabelle / Hamann-Thölken, Antje / Ambros, Christina / Moog, Udo / Jores, Jörg / Kuhnert, Peter / Distl, Ottmar

Animals. 2021 Apr. 12, v. 11, no. 4

2021

Abstract: The bacterium Dichelobacter nodosus (D. nodosus) is the causative agent of ovine footrot. The aim of this field study was to determine the prevalence of D. nodosus in German sheep flocks. The sheep owners participated voluntarily in the study. More than ... ...

Abstract	The bacterium Dichelobacter nodosus (D. nodosus) is the causative agent of ovine footrot. The aim of this field study was to determine the prevalence of D. nodosus in German sheep flocks. The sheep owners participated voluntarily in the study. More than 9000 sheep from 207 flocks were screened for footrot scores using a Footrot Scoring System from 0 to 5 and sampling each sheep using one interdigital swab for all four feet of the sheep. The detection and discrimination between benign and virulent strains was done employing a real-time PCR. Our results showed a mean prevalence of 42.93% of D. nodosus in German sheep on an animal level. Underrunning of hoof horn on at least one foot (Scores 3-5) was detected in 567 sheep (6.13%). Sheep with four clinically healthy feet were found through visual inspection in 47.85% of all animals included in this study. In total, 1117 swabs from sheep with four clinically healthy feet tested positive for D. nodosus. In 90.35% of the positive swabs, virulent D. nodosus were detected. Benign D. nodosus were detected in 4.74% of the D. nodosus-positive swabs while 4.91% tested positive for both, benign and virulent D. nodosus. In 59 flocks D. nodosus were not detected and in 115 flocks only virulent D. nodosus were found while seven flocks tested positive for benign strains.
Keywords	Dichelobacter nodosus ; bacteria ; etiological agents ; footrot ; hooves ; quantitative polymerase chain reaction ; sheep ; virulence
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0412
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani11041102
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Long-term control of Coxiellosis in sheep by annual primary vaccination of gimmers.

Böttcher, Jens / Bauer, Benjamin U / Ambros, Christina / Alex, Michaela / Domes, Ursula / Roth, Sabine / Boll, Kerstin / Korneli, Martin / Bogner, Karl-Heinz / Randt, Andreas / Janowetz, Britta

Vaccine

2022 Volume 40, Issue 35, Page(s) 5197–5206

Abstract	Coxiella (C.) burnetii, a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium, causes Q fever in humans and Coxiellosis in animals. Ruminants are a primary source of human infection with C.burnetii. In 2013, vaccination was implemented in a sheep flock with 650 ewes associated with two outbreaks of Q fever in humans in 2008 and 2012. Only gimmers (yearlings) received two doses of a commercial C.burnetii phase I whole cell vaccine three weeks apart (primary vaccination) without any revaccination. Vaginal and nasal swabs collected shortly after lambing were tested by qPCR. Additionally, a group of non-vaccinated sentinels was serologically monitored for phase I (PhI), II (PhII) antibodies and for Interferon γ (IFN-γ) after stimulation of whole blood cells with PhII-antigen with and without an IL-10-neutralizing monoclonal antibody. In 2021, 679 sera collected in 2014-2021 were retested retrospectively with three commercial ELISA kits and one batch of an in-house PhI/PhII-ELISA. A low-level shedding of C.burnetii (<10
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Coxiella burnetii ; Female ; Humans ; Q Fever/epidemiology ; Q Fever/prevention & control ; Q Fever/veterinary ; Retrospective Studies ; Sheep ; Sheep Diseases/epidemiology ; Sheep Diseases/microbiology ; Sheep Diseases/prevention & control ; Vaccination/veterinary
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	605674-x
ISSN	1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
ISSN (online)	1873-2518
ISSN	0264-410X
DOI	10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.07.029
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Article ; Online: Gesundheitsprobleme und Tierarzneimittelanwendungen auf den Milchviehbetrieben im Netzwerk der Pilotbetriebe

Warnecke, Sylvia / Ambros, Christina / Hinterstoißer, Peter / Lange, Alexandra / Schüler, Maximilian / Schulz, Franziska / Wagner, Kathrin / Paulsen, Hans Marten

2022

Abstract: In der vorliegenden Studie wurden für ein Milchjahr (2015) auf 35 deutschen Milchviehbetrieben (19 ökologisch, 16 konventionell wirtschaftend) im Netzwerk der Pilotbetriebe die medikamentösen Behandlungen in der Milchviehhaltung anhand der tierärztlichen ...

Abstract	In der vorliegenden Studie wurden für ein Milchjahr (2015) auf 35 deutschen Milchviehbetrieben (19 ökologisch, 16 konventionell wirtschaftend) im Netzwerk der Pilotbetriebe die medikamentösen Behandlungen in der Milchviehhaltung anhand der tierärztlichen Anwendungs- und Abgabebelege und der betrieblichen Aufzeichnungen für Kälber, Jungvieh und Milchkühe erfasst. Auf Betrieben mit guter Datenlage wurden auch längere Zeiträume analysiert. Per Interview wurden subjektive Einschätzungen zum Status der Tiergesundheit bei den Betriebsleitenden abgefragt und mit der vorgefundenen Medikation und Gesundheitsdaten der Milchleistungsprüfung verglichen. Die persönliche Einschätzung zum Krankheitsdruck stimmte nicht grundsätzlich mit der Medikation auf den Betrieben und den Gesundheitsdaten der Tiere überein, insbesondere bei Mastitis. In den ökologischen Betrieben wurden im Vergleich mit den konventionellen Betrieben im Median ein höherer Anteil euterkranker Milchkühe (> 100.000 somatische Zellen ml-1 Milch) gefunden. Die Häufigkeit des Medikamenteneinsatzes gegen entzündliche Eutererkrankungen (behandelt als Mastitis während der Laktation und zum Trockenstellen) war dagegen geringer. Möglicherweise zeigt sich hier die Gefahr, dass das Selbstverständnis vieler ökologisch wirtschaftender Betriebe, zum Schutz von Umwelt und Humangesundheit geringe Antimikrobiotikamengen einzusetzen, im Zusammenspiel mit den Öko-Richtlinien zu einer Untermedikation führen kann. Andererseits wiesen die konventionell wirtschaftenden Pilotbetriebe im Median einen ähnlich hohen Anteil eutergesunder Milchkühe auf, unabhängig davon, ob entzündliche Eutererkrankungen als Gesundheitsproblem genannt wurden oder nicht. Allerdings war bei Nennung des Problems der Anteil diesbezüglich antibiotisch behandelter Milchkühe um den Faktor 3,3 höher. Umso wichtiger sind hier konsequente analyse- und datenbasierte Beratungsansätze mit Unterstützung der Tierärzte, deren Rolle diesbezüglich gestärkt werden sollte. Insgesamt waren die Therapiehäufigkeit als ...
Keywords	Text ; ddc:630 ; Tierarzneimittel -- Medikamenteneinsatz -- Milchvieh -- Kälber -- Jungvieh -- Tiergesundheit -- Anwendungs- und Abgabebelege -- Behandlungsgänge -- Therapiehäufigkeit -- Antibiotika -- Antimikrobiotika -- kritische antimikrobiell wirksame Substanzen -- Highest Priority Critically Important Antimicrobials -- HPCIA -- ökologische Landwirtschaft -- konventionelle Landwirtschaft -- veterinary drugs -- medication -- dairy cattle -- calves -- young stock -- animal health -- veterinary pre-scription records -- treatment course -- treatment frequency -- antibiotics -- antimicrobials -- Highest Priority Crit-ically Important Antimicrobials -- HPCIA -- organic agriculture -- conventional agriculture
Subject code	801
Language	German
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Prevalence of

Storms, Julia / Wirth, Anna / Vasiliadis, Danae / Brodard, Isabelle / Hamann-Thölken, Antje / Ambros, Christina / Moog, Udo / Jores, Jörg / Kuhnert, Peter / Distl, Ottmar

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2021 Volume 11, Issue 4

Abstract: ... The ... ...

Abstract	The bacterium
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani11041102
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma ovis – Emerging Pathogens in the German Sheep Population

Bauer, Benjamin Ulrich / Răileanu, Cristian / Tauchmann, Oliver / Fischer, Susanne / Ambros, Christina / Silaghi, Cornelia Hildegard Anita / Ganter, Martin

2021

Abstract	Knowledge on the occurrence of pathogenic tick-borne bacteria Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma ovis is scarce in sheep from Germany. In 2020, owners from five flocks reported ill thrift lambs and ewes with tick infestation. Out of 67 affected sheep, 55 animals were clinically examined and hematological values, blood chemistry and fecal examinations were performed to investigate the underlying disease causes. Serological tests (cELISA, IFAT) and qPCR were applied to all affected sheep to rule out A. phagocytophilum and A. ovis as a differential diagnosis. Ticks were collected from selected pastures and tested by qPCR. Most animals (n = 43) suffered from selenium deficiency and endoparasites were detected in each flock. Anaplasma spp. antibodies were determined in 59% of examined sheep. Seventeen animals tested positive for A. phagocytophilum by qPCR from all flocks and A. phagocytophilum was also detected in eight pools of Ixodes ricinus. Anaplasma phagocytophilum isolates from sheep and ticks were genotyped using three genes (16S rRNA, msp4 and groEL). Anaplasma ovis DNA was identified in six animals from one flock. Clinical, hematological and biochemical changes were not significantly associated with Anaplasma spp. infection. The 16S rRNA analysis revealed known variants of A. phagocytophilum, whereas the msp4 and groEL showed new genotypes. Further investigations are necessary to evaluate the dissemination and health impact of both pathogens in the German sheep population particularly in case of comorbidities.
Keywords	Text ; ddc:570 ; Dermacentor marginatus -- emerging diseases -- Ixodes ricinus -- One Health -- ovine anaplasmosis -- sheep -- tick-borne fever
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-09
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Molecular and subcellular characterisation of oocytes screened for their developmental competence based on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity: Focus on Mammalian Embryogenomics

Torner, Helmut / Ghanem, Nasser / Ambros, Christina / Hölker, Michael / Tomek, Wolfgang / Phatsara, Chirawath / Alm, Hannelore / Sirard, Marc-André / Kanitz, Wilhelm / Schellander, Karl / Tesfaye, Dawit

Reproduction. 2008 Feb., v. 135, no. 2

2008

Abstract: Oocyte selection based on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity has been successfully used to differentiate between competent and incompetent bovine oocytes. However, the intrinsic molecular and subcellular characteristics of these oocytes ... ...

Abstract	Oocyte selection based on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity has been successfully used to differentiate between competent and incompetent bovine oocytes. However, the intrinsic molecular and subcellular characteristics of these oocytes have not yet been investigated. Here, we aim to identify molecular and functional markers associated with oocyte developmental potential when selected based on G6PDH activity. Immature compact cumulus-oocyte complexes were stained with brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) for 90 min. Based on their colouration, oocytes were divided into BCB⁻ (colourless cytoplasm, high G6PDH activity) and BCB⁺ (coloured cytoplasm, low G6PDH activity). The chromatin configuration of the nucleus and the mitochondrial activity of oocytes were determined by fluorescence labelling and photometric measurement. The abundance and phosphorylation pattern of protein kinases Akt and MAP were estimated by Western blot analysis. A bovine cDNA microarray was used to analyse the gene expression profiles of BCB⁺ and BCB⁻ oocytes. Consequently, marked differences were found in blastocyst rate at day 8 between BCB⁺ (33.1±3.1%) and BCB⁻ (12.1±1.5%) oocytes. Moreover, BCB⁺ oocytes were found to show higher phosphorylation levels of Akt and MAP kinases and are enriched with genes regulating transcription (SMARCA5), cell cycle (nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein, NASP) and protein biosynthesis (RPS274A and mRNA for elongation factor 1α, EF1A). BCB⁻ oocytes, which revealed higher mitochondrial activity and still nucleoli in their germinal vesicles, were enriched with genes involved in ATP synthesis (ATP5A1), mitochondrial electron transport (FL405), calcium ion binding (S100A10) and growth factor activity (bone morphogenetic protein 15, BMP15). This study has evidenced molecular and subcellular organisational differences of oocytes with different G6PDH activity.
Keywords	Western blotting ; adenosine triphosphate ; blastocyst ; bone morphogenetic proteins ; calcium ; cattle ; cell cycle ; cell nucleolus ; chromatin ; color ; complementary DNA ; cytoplasm ; electron transfer ; fluorescent labeling ; gene expression ; genes ; glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase ; messenger RNA ; microarray technology ; oocytes ; phosphorylation ; protein kinases ; protein synthesis ; spermatozoa
Language	English
Size	p. 197-212.
Publishing place	BioScientifica Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2034501-X
ISSN	1741-7899 ; 1470-1626 ; 1476-3990
ISSN (online)	1741-7899
ISSN	1470-1626 ; 1476-3990
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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