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  1. Article ; Online: Diagnostic Agent Based Inter-Process Communication Aware Monitoring System for Wireless Sensor Networks

    Amna Zafar / Ali Hammad Akbar

    Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol 38, Iss 2, Pp 321-

    2019  Volume 334

    Abstract: Process failures are instigated by underlying errors and faults in various layers of WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) communication protocol stack. Therefore, efficient and effective monitoring systems for fault detection and diagnosis are imperative for ... ...

    Abstract Process failures are instigated by underlying errors and faults in various layers of WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) communication protocol stack. Therefore, efficient and effective monitoring systems for fault detection and diagnosis are imperative for fault tolerance and robust operation of WSN to meet critical application requirements for reliability and throughput. Existing detection-diagnosis regimen are either centralized or distributed and network monitoring is performed passively or actively. This work presents a diagnostic agent based inter-process communication aware monitoring system for WSNs. Diagnostic agent actively performs probe-based process execution tracking and examines the effects of errors, omissions and channel misbehavior on process execution at node, link and network levels to implement failure detection and fault diagnosis. Such diagnosis is performed through the inference of inter-process communication of stacked and peer layer processes on sender and receiver side. The monitoring system has been implemented in Castalia simulator for WSN. Local diagnostic agent is implemented on sensor nodes for self-monitoring and network wide fault diagnosis is performed by global diagnostic agent on cluster head. Simulation results show that the system performs robust root cause analysis of critical process failures due to errors in stacked and peer layer processes. The decentralized distribution of diagnostic load on sensor nodes and cluster head produces lesser communication overhead and is energy efficient.
    Keywords Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 006
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Mehran University of Engineering and Technology
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: Study of weed infestation in wheat fields at south punjab region pakistan

    Parveen, Zahida / Umar, Shamim / Muhammad Ajmal / Haider, Bilal / Iqbal, Amna Zafar / Asghar, Ansa

    Earth sciences Pakistan. 2020 Nov., v. 4, no. 1

    2020  

    Abstract: Weeds are one of the major threats to the natural environment. They are destroying native habitats, threatening native plants and animals, and choking our natural systems including rivers and forests. Aiming to explore the existing situation of weed ... ...

    Abstract Weeds are one of the major threats to the natural environment. They are destroying native habitats, threatening native plants and animals, and choking our natural systems including rivers and forests. Aiming to explore the existing situation of weed infestation and assessing its impact, present research work was conducted in south Punjab region, focusing on District Layyah and Muzaffargarh. Weed flora of wheat crop at 3 sites i.e. Nawan Kot, Fethpur, and Karor Lal-e-son in district Layyah; and three sites (Kot Addu, Chowk Sarwar Shaheed, and Sultan Nagar) in district Muzaffargarh was observed using quadrat method. Ten quadrats measuring 1.0 m2 were randomly selected to record the data. From each quadrat soil samples (from top 3 cm) were also taken. Different ecological parameters (i. e. Frequency (%) density (%), (%), relative density (%), relative frequency (%) and important value (%) were worked out using proper formulae. Weed species related to 9 families were classified into different frequency classes. Two most important families of these sites were found Poaceae and Papilionaceae each one represented by four species. Chenopodium album, Cynodon dactylon and Anagallis arvensis were observed the most frequent species at these sites.
    Keywords Anagallis arvensis ; Chenopodium album ; Cynodon dactylon ; flora ; soil ; weeds ; wheat ; Pakistan
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-11
    Size p. 70-77.
    Publishing place Zibeline International
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2975541-4
    ISSN 2521-2907 ; 2521-2893
    ISSN (online) 2521-2907
    ISSN 2521-2893
    DOI 10.26480/esp.02.2020.70.77
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: Change Detection Algorithms for Surveillance in Visual IoT

    Beenish Ayesha Akram / Amna Zafar / Ali Hammad Akbar / Bilal Wajid / Shafique Ahmad Chaudhry

    Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol 37, Iss

    A Comparative Study

    2018  Volume 1

    Abstract: The VIoT (Visual Internet of Things) connects virtual information world with real world objects using sensors and pervasive computing. For video surveillance in VIoT, ChD (Change Detection) is a critical component. ChD algorithms identify regions of ... ...

    Abstract The VIoT (Visual Internet of Things) connects virtual information world with real world objects using sensors and pervasive computing. For video surveillance in VIoT, ChD (Change Detection) is a critical component. ChD algorithms identify regions of change in multiple images of the same scene recorded at different time intervals for video surveillance. This paper presents performance comparison of histogram thresholding and classification ChD algorithms using quantitative measures for video surveillance in VIoT based on salient features of datasets. The thresholding algorithms Otsu, Kapur, Rosin and classification methods k-means, EM (Expectation Maximization) were simulated in MATLAB using diverse datasets. For performance evaluation, the quantitative measures used include OSR (Overall Success Rate), YC (Yule’s Coefficient) and JC (Jaccard’s Coefficient), execution time and memory consumption. Experimental results showed that Kapur’s algorithm performed better for both indoor and outdoor environments with illumination changes, shadowing and medium to fast moving objects. However, it reflected degraded performance for small object size with minor changes. Otsu algorithm showed better results for indoor environments with slow to medium changes and nomadic object mobility. k-means showed good results in indoor environment with small object size producing slow change, no shadowing and scarce illumination changes.
    Keywords Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 006
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Mehran University of Engineering and Technology
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Sex Differences in Left Ventricular Remodeling and Outcomes in Chronic Aortic Regurgitation

    Andreas A. Kammerlander / Carolina Donà / Christian Nitsche / Matthias Koschutnik / Amna Zafar / Parastou Eslami / Franz Duca / Stefan Aschauer / Robert Schönbauer / Dietrich Beitzke / Christian Loewe / Udo Hoffmann / Cathérine Gebhard / Christian Hengstenberg / Julia Mascherbauer

    Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 9, Iss 4100, p

    2020  Volume 4100

    Abstract: Background: Left ventricular (LV) dilatation is a key compensatory feature in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation (AR). However, sex-differences in LV remodeling and outcomes in chronic AR have been poorly investigated so far. Methods: We ... ...

    Abstract Background: Left ventricular (LV) dilatation is a key compensatory feature in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation (AR). However, sex-differences in LV remodeling and outcomes in chronic AR have been poorly investigated so far. Methods: We performed cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) including phase-contrast velocity-encoded imaging for the measurement of regurgitant fraction (RegF) at the sinotubular junction, in consecutive patients with at least mild AR on echocardiography. We assessed LV size (end-diastolic volume indexed to body surface area, LVEDV/BSA) and investigated sex differences between LV remodeling and increasing degrees of AR severity. Cox-regression models were used to test differences in outcomes between men and women using a composite of heart failure hospitalization, unscheduled AR intervention, and cardiovascular death. Results: 270 consecutive patients (59.6% male, 59.8 ± 20.8 y/o, 59.6% with at least moderate AR on echocardiography) were included. On CMR, mean RegF was 18.1 ± 17.9% and a total of 65 (24.1%) had a RegF ≥ 30%. LVEDV/BSA was markedly closer related with AR severity (RegF) in men compared to women. Each 1-SD increase in LVEDV/BSA (mL/m 2 ) was associated with a 9.7% increase in RegF in men and 5.9% in women, respectively ( p -value for sex-interaction < 0.001). Based on previously published reference values, women—in contrast to men—frequently had a normal LV size despite severe AR (e.g., for LVEDV/BSA on CMR: 35.3% versus 8.7%, p < 0.001). In a Cox-regression model adjusted for age, LVEDV/BSA and RegF, women were at significantly higher risk for the composite endpoint when compared to men (adj. HR 1.81 (95%CI 1.09–3.03), p = 0.022). Conclusion: In patients with chronic AR, LV remodeling is a hallmark feature in men but not in women. Severity of AR may be underdiagnosed in female patients in the absence of LV dilatation. Future studies need to address the dismal prognosis in female patients with chronic AR.
    Keywords aortic regurgitation ; sex differences ; cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: The efficacy and safety of cardio-protective therapy in patients with 5-FU (Fluorouracil)-associated coronary vasospasm.

    Amna Zafar / Zsofia D Drobni / Matthew Lei / Carlos A Gongora / Thiago Quinaglia / Uvette Y Lou / Ramya Mosarla / Sean P Murphy / Maeve Jones-O'Connor / Ali Mahmood / Sarah Hartmann / Hannah K Gilman / Colin D Weekes / Ryan Nipp / John R Clark / Jeffrey W Clark / Lawrence S Blaszkowsky / Erica Tavares / Tomas G Neilan

    PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 4, p e

    2022  Volume 0265767

    Abstract: Background Coronary vasospasm is a known side effect of 5-FU (fluorouracil) therapy. Beyond switching to non-5FU-based chemotherapy, there are no established treatments for 5-FU associated coronary vasospam. Our objective was to assess the safety and ... ...

    Abstract Background Coronary vasospasm is a known side effect of 5-FU (fluorouracil) therapy. Beyond switching to non-5FU-based chemotherapy, there are no established treatments for 5-FU associated coronary vasospam. Our objective was to assess the safety and efficacy of re-challenge with 5-FU after pre-treatment with calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and long-acting nitrates among patients 5-FU associated coronary vasospasm. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of patients with 5-FU coronary vasospasm at a single academic center. By protocol, those referred to cardio-oncology received pre-treatment with either combination [nitrates and CCBs] or single-agent therapy [nitrates or CCBs]) prior to re-challenge with 5-FU. Our primary outcome was overall survival. Other important outcomes included progression-free survival and safety. Results Among 6,606 patients who received 5-FU from January 2001 to Dec 2020, 115 (1.74%) developed coronary vasospasm. Of these 115 patients, 81 patients continued 5-FU therapy, while 34 stopped. Of the 81 who continued, 78 were referred to cardio-oncology and prescribed CCBs and/or nitrates prior to subsequent 5-FU, while the remaining 3 continued 5-FU without cardiac pre-treatment. Of the 78, 56.4% (44/78) received both nitrates and CCBs, 19.2% (15/78) received CCBs alone, and 24.4% (19/78) received nitrates alone. When compared to patients who stopped 5-FU, those who continued 5-FU after pre-treatment (single or combination therapy) had a decreased risk of death (HR 0.42, P = 0.005 [95% CI 0.23-0.77]) and a trend towards decreased cancer progression (HR 0.60, P = 0.08 [95% CI 0.34-1.06]). No patient in the pre-treatment group had a myocardial infarct after re-challenge; however, chest pain (without myocardial infarction) recurred in 19.2% (15/78) among those who received cardiac pre-treatment vs. 66.7% (2/3) among those who did not (P = 0.048). There was no difference in efficacy or the recurrence of vasospasm among patients who received pre-treatment with a single agent (nitrates or ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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