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  1. Article: Can YouTube Be Considered a Reliable Learning Tool for Urology Trainees Seeking Information on Testicular Exploration?

    Al-Ghazawi, Munir / Saad, Mohammed / Salameh, Hamza / Amo-Afful, Samuel / Khasawneh, Seren / Ghanem, Rami

    Cureus

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 10, Page(s) e47340

    Abstract: Introduction YouTube, the world's largest video platform, hosts thousands of educational surgical videos that many trainees rely on to enhance their understanding and proficiency in various surgical procedures. Consequently, a crucial inquiry arises ... ...

    Abstract Introduction YouTube, the world's largest video platform, hosts thousands of educational surgical videos that many trainees rely on to enhance their understanding and proficiency in various surgical procedures. Consequently, a crucial inquiry arises regarding the trustworthiness of these videos as a valuable resource for these trainees. In this article, we address this question by focusing on one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in the field of urology and assessing the effectiveness of these videos as an educational tool for urology trainees (ST3+: Specialty Training Year 3 and above). Methodology We conducted a comprehensive search on YouTube for all videos related to 'Testicular Exploration'. After applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, we identified a total of nine eligible videos for analysis. These videos were assessed using the LAParoscopic Surgery Video Educational GuidelineS (LAP-VEGaS) scoring system, which categorized them into two distinct groups. The first group, known as the 'high-quality group', included videos that scored 11 points or higher according to the LAP-VEGaS scoring criteria. The second group, termed the 'low-quality group', consisted of videos that scored less than 11 points using the LAP-VEGaS scoring tool. Additionally, we collected data on various metrics, such as video view counts, duration, likes and dislikes counts, comments count, like ratio, view ratio, and power index, and performed a comparative analysis between the two aforementioned groups. Results  Between April 2013 and September 2023, the selected videos exhibited an average total view count of 95,546±138,000. The videos had an average duration of 6.35±2.26 minutes. Furthermore, the mean values for both likes and dislikes were 461.55±581 and 2.89±2.86, respectively. In contrast, the mean like ratio, view ratio, and power index were 0.98±0.0112, 176,00±13,100, and 173.80±131, respectively. The mean LAP-VEGaS scores for videos related to testicular exploration were 9.94±2.05. It is noteworthy that the first group had a statistically higher number of dislikes; however, the view count, comments count, likes count, and view ratio were statistically lower in the same group. Conclusion Videos related to testicular exploration on YouTube exhibit notably low quality and do not serve as a valuable resource for urology trainees. Key factors such as video duration, total view count, and viewer interactions (including likes, dislikes, and comments) should not be relied upon as indicators of educational video quality. Consequently, it is advisable for urology trainees to refrain from using YouTube as a primary source for learning about testicular exploration. Instead, they should seek guidance and support from experienced senior colleagues, educational supervisors, or consultants to explore more reliable sources of information for this surgical procedure.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.47340
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: An In-Depth Look Into the Epidemiological and Etiological Aspects of Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review.

    Al-Ghazawi, Munir / Salameh, Hamza / Amo-Afful, Samuel / Khasawneh, Seren / Ghanem, Rami

    Cureus

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 11, Page(s) e48252

    Abstract: Prostate cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer among men worldwide, and it represents a substantial worldwide health issue, primarily impacting men as they grow older. Understanding its epidemiology and etiology is crucial for crafting ... ...

    Abstract Prostate cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer among men worldwide, and it represents a substantial worldwide health issue, primarily impacting men as they grow older. Understanding its epidemiology and etiology is crucial for crafting efficient preventive measures and enhancing treatment results. The epidemiology of this disease provides valuable insights into its prevalence and distribution. Age is a critical factor, with the risk of prostate cancer increasing with advancing years. Incidence rates are notably higher in developed countries, suggesting a role for lifestyle and environmental factors. Furthermore, there are significant racial and geographical disparities in prostate cancer incidence, with African-American men experiencing both a higher incidence and more aggressive forms of the disease. On the other hand, hormones, especially testosterone and its conversion to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), contribute to prostate cell growth and, potentially, cancer. Genetics also plays a pivotal role, with certain gene mutations, like Breast Cancer gene 1 & 2 (BRCA1 and BRCA2), elevating risk. Dietary habits and lifestyle choices influence susceptibility, with diets low in fruits and vegetables and high in saturated fats linked to higher risk. Chronic inflammation, often tied to prostatitis, may further increase susceptibility to prostate cancer. This review article explores the complex realm of prostate cancer, providing insights into its occurrence, factors that elevate risks, and the fundamental factors that play a role in its emergence and how we can prevent it.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2747273-5
    ISSN 2168-8184
    ISSN 2168-8184
    DOI 10.7759/cureus.48252
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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