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  1. Article ; Online: Exposure of children to brominated flame retardants and heavy metals in Morocco

    Kaoutar Chbihi / Aziza Menouni / Emilie Hardy / Matteo Creta / Nathalie Grova / An Van Nieuwenhuyse / Lode Godderis / Samir El Jaafari / Radu-Corneliu Duca

    Environment International, Vol 183, Iss , Pp 108409- (2024)

    Urine and blood levels in association with global cytosine and adenine methylation

    2024  

    Abstract: Persistent pollutants, namely brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and heavy metals, are compounds that are added to a wide range of products and materials for preventing ignition, increasing the functionality of materials or improving their performance, e. ...

    Abstract Persistent pollutants, namely brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and heavy metals, are compounds that are added to a wide range of products and materials for preventing ignition, increasing the functionality of materials or improving their performance, e.g. electric conductivity. The exposure of children might consequently be inferred, through indoor dust and hand-to-mouth or toy-chewing behaviors. The current study is aimed at assessing the exposure of Moroccan children to BFRs and heavy metal elements, and evaluating their associations with global DNA methylation. First, parents responded to a questionnaire pertaining to children’s lifestyle, then blood and urine samples were collected from (n = 93) children aged between 5 and 11 years for biomonitoring and DNA methylation analysis. BFRs were detected in 54.84% of samples with a median concentration of 0.01 nmol/mL (range: 0.004–0.051 nmol/mL) while metal elements were detected in more than 90% of samples. BFRs showed no variations with global DNA methylation, unlike metal elements, which revealed significant associations with global DNA methylation markers, namely 5-mC, 5-hmC and N⁶-mA levels. Moroccan children may be exposed to flame retardants and heavy metals through several routes. Further research is required to assess the exposure and the health impacts of environmental pollutants and ultimately protect the Moroccan population by the prevention of adverse health effects.
    Keywords Children ; DNA methylation ; Flame retardants ; Heavy metals ; Human biomonitoring ; Morocco ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Epimerization of ergot alkaloids in feed

    Claude Schummer / Irène Zandonella / An van Nieuwenhuyse / Gilbert Moris

    Heliyon, Vol 6, Iss 6, Pp e04336- (2020)

    2020  

    Abstract: Chronic intake of cereals contaminated with ergot alkaloids can cause ergotism and result in the loss of toes and fingers or even death. Today, due to common risk management practices, ergotism is rare as a human disease but remains a problem in ... ...

    Abstract Chronic intake of cereals contaminated with ergot alkaloids can cause ergotism and result in the loss of toes and fingers or even death. Today, due to common risk management practices, ergotism is rare as a human disease but remains a problem in livestock husbandry. Each alkaloid coexists under two forms (R and S), though only the R-form presents toxic effects. The epimerization occurs spontaneously but the mechanisms remain globally unknown. Therefore, different processing methods were evaluated for their respective influences on the epimerization. The results suggest that ergotamine and ergosine are very stable ergot alkaloids, and neither their concentrations, nor their respective R/S ratios, are significantly influenced by heating, protic solvents or UV light. In contrast, for ergocristine, ergokryptine, ergocornine and ergometrine, heating can decrease the concentrations of these alkaloids and heat, protic solvents and UV light influence the R/S ratio towards the S-form, though the respective influence on the epimerization of these compounds is variable. In addition, the total concentration of all ergot alkaloids is reduced through heating. However, all these effects are not strong enough to change the composition of ergot alkaloids in feed substantially and to transform toxic feed into non-toxic feed.
    Keywords Food analysis ; Food safety ; Food technology ; Ergot alkaloids ; Epimerization ; Feed processing ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: A Human Biomonitoring Strategy For Exposure Assessment In Occupational Settings With Unpredictable Peaks Of Solvents Exposure

    Radu Corneliu Duca / Matteo Creta / Nicole Majery / Carole Eicher / Katrine Poels / Jeroen Vanoirbeek / Robert Goerens / An Van Nieuwenhuyse

    Safety and Health at Work, Vol 13, Iss , Pp S243- (2022)

    2022  

    Keywords Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: The European exposure science strategy 2020–2030

    Peter Fantke / Yuri Bruinen de Bruin / Urs Schlüter / Alison Connolly / Jos Bessems / Stylianos Kephalopoulos / Maryam Zare Jeddi / An van Nieuwenhuyse / Tatsiana Dudzina / Paul T.J. Scheepers / Natalie von Goetz

    Environment International, Vol 170, Iss , Pp 107555- (2022)

    2022  

    Abstract: Exposure science is an emerging and rapidly growing field dedicated to all aspects concerning the contact between chemical, biological, physical or psycho-social stressors and human and ecological receptors. With that, exposure science plays a central ... ...

    Abstract Exposure science is an emerging and rapidly growing field dedicated to all aspects concerning the contact between chemical, biological, physical or psycho-social stressors and human and ecological receptors. With that, exposure science plays a central role in protecting human and ecosystem health, and contributes to the global transition towards a green and sustainable society. In Europe, however, exposure science is currently not sufficiently recognised as a scientific field, resulting in inefficient uptake into policies. In response, the wider European exposure science community developed elements and actions under the auspices of the Europe Regional Chapter of the International Society of Exposure Science (ISES Europe), for identified priority areas, namely education, exposure models, exposure data, human biomonitoring, and policy uptake. In the present document, we synthesize these strategic elements into an overarching ‘European Exposure Science Strategy 2020–2030’, following three strategic objectives that focus on acknowledging exposure science as an independent and interconnected field, harmonizing approaches and tools across regulations, and exploring collaboration, education and funding mechanisms. To operationalise this strategy, we present concrete key actions and propose initiatives and funding options for advancing the underlying science, cultivating broader education and cross-sector exposure knowledge transfer, and fostering effective uptake of exposure information into policy. We aim at anchoring European efforts in the global exposure science context, with a special focus on the interface between scientific advancements, application in decision support, and dissemination and training. This will help to develop exposure science as a strong scientific field with the ultimate goal to successfully assess and manage various stressors across sectors and geographic scales.
    Keywords Human exposure ; Ecosystem exposure ; Exposure assessment ; Risk assessment ; Safe and sustainable-by-design (SSbD) ; International Society of Exposure Science ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Surveillance of Indoor Air Concentration of Volatile Organic Compounds in Luxembourgish Households

    Daniel Alvarez-Vaca / Radu Corneliu Duca / Alicia Borras-Santos / Emilie Hardy / Matteo Creta / Carole Eicher / Laurence Wurth / Anne Vergison / An Van Nieuwenhuyse

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 5467, p

    2022  Volume 5467

    Abstract: Exposure to air pollution is a well-known health risk. For instance, volatile and very volatile organic compounds (VOCs and VVOCs) are known to cause respiratory, haematologic or immune diseases, and even cancer. Based on the Luxembourgish indoor ... ...

    Abstract Exposure to air pollution is a well-known health risk. For instance, volatile and very volatile organic compounds (VOCs and VVOCs) are known to cause respiratory, haematologic or immune diseases, and even cancer. Based on the Luxembourgish indoor pollution surveillance program, we performed an exploratory analysis for the period 2014–2019, in order (1) to evaluate the prevalence of VOCs and VVOCs in households, and (2) to estimate the risks of lifelong exposure to selected VOCs on the health of the adult population. The database included 715 indoor air samples from 159 different households. Observed VOC and VVOC levels were similar to those in neighbouring countries. Our health impact assessment identified some health risks associated with the observed concentrations in Luxembourg. Furthermore, this study shows the major public health importance of having a national indoor pollution surveillance system in place. Highlights: (1) This study provides an overview of the domestic indoor pollution in Luxembourg. (2) (V)VOCs levels in Luxembourg were similar to those in neighbouring countries. (3) The results clearly show the importance of having a surveillance system in place.
    Keywords indoor pollution ; indoor air quality ; volatile organic compounds ; risk assessment ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Residing in urban areas with higher green space is associated with lower mortality risk

    Mariska Bauwelinck / Lidia Casas / Tim S. Nawrot / Benoit Nemery / Sonia Trabelsi / Isabelle Thomas / Raf Aerts / Wouter Lefebvre / Charlotte Vanpoucke / An Van Nieuwenhuyse / Patrick Deboosere / Hadewijch Vandenheede

    Environment International, Vol 148, Iss , Pp 106365- (2021)

    A census-based cohort study with ten years of follow-up

    2021  

    Abstract: Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that residing close to green space reduce mortality rates. We investigated the relationship between long-term exposure to residential green space and non-accidental and cardio-respiratory mortality. Methods: We ...

    Abstract Background: Epidemiological studies suggest that residing close to green space reduce mortality rates. We investigated the relationship between long-term exposure to residential green space and non-accidental and cardio-respiratory mortality. Methods: We linked the Belgian 2001 census to population and mortality register follow-up data (2001–2011) among adults aged 30 years and older residing in the five largest urban areas in Belgium (n = 2,185,170 and mean follow-up time 9.4 years). Residential addresses were available at baseline. Exposure to green space was defined as 1) surrounding greenness (2006) [normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and modified soil-adjusted vegetation index (MSAVI2)] within buffers of 300 m, 500 m, and 1000 m; 2) surrounding green space (2006) [Urban Atlas (UA) and CORINE Land Cover (CLC)] within buffers of 300 m, 500 m, and 1000 m; and 3) perceived neighborhood green space (2001). Cox proportional hazards models with age as the underlying time scale were used to probe into cause-specific mortality (non-accidental, respiratory, COPD, cardiovascular, ischemic heart disease (IHD), and cerebrovascular). Models were adjusted for several sociodemographic variables (age, sex, marital status, country of birth, education level, employment status, and area mean income). We further adjusted our main models for annual mean (2010) values of ambient air pollution (PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and BC, one at a time), and we additionally explored potential mediation with the aforementioned pollutants. Results: Higher degrees of residential green space were associated with lower rates of non-accidental and respiratory mortality. In fully adjusted models, hazard ratios (HR) per interquartile range (IQR) increase in NDVI 500 m buffer (IQR: 0.24) and UA 500 m buffer (IQR: 0.31) were 0.97 (95%CI 0.96–0.98) and 0.99 (95%CI 0.98–0.99) for non-accidental mortality, and 0.95 (95%CI 0.93–0.98) and 0.97 (95%CI 0.96–0.99) for respiratory mortality. For perceived neighborhood green space, HRs were 0.93 (95%CI ...
    Keywords Greenspace ; Greenness ; Population-based ; Perception ; Ischemic heart disease ; COPD ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 310
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Lessons learned from Chernobyl and Fukushima on thyroid cancer screening and recommendations in case of a future nuclear accident

    Enora Cléro / Evgenia Ostroumova / Claire Demoury / Bernd Grosche / Ausrele Kesminiene / Liudmila Liutsko / Yvon Motreff / Deborah Oughton / Philippe Pirard / Agnès Rogel / An Van Nieuwenhuyse / Dominique Laurier / Elisabeth Cardis

    Environment International, Vol 146, Iss , Pp 106230- (2021)

    2021  

    Abstract: Exposure of the thyroid gland to ionizing radiation at a young age is the main recognized risk factor for differentiated thyroid cancer. After the Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear accidents, thyroid cancer screening was implemented mainly for children, ... ...

    Abstract Exposure of the thyroid gland to ionizing radiation at a young age is the main recognized risk factor for differentiated thyroid cancer. After the Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear accidents, thyroid cancer screening was implemented mainly for children, leading to case over-diagnosis as seen in South Korea after the implementation of opportunistic screening (where subjects are recruited at healthcare sites). The aim of cancer screening is to reduce morbidity and mortality, but screening can also cause negative effects on health (with unnecessary treatment if over-diagnosis) and on quality of life.This paper from the SHAMISEN special issue (Nuclear Emergency Situations - Improvement of Medical And Health Surveillance) presents the principles of cancer screening, the lessons learned from thyroid cancer screening, as well as the knowledge on thyroid cancer incidence after exposure to iodine-131.The SHAMISEN Consortium recommends to envisage systematic health screening after a nuclear accident, only when appropriately justified, i.e. ensuring that screening will do more good than harm. Based on the experience of the Fukushima screening, the consortium does not recommend mass or population-based thyroid cancer screening, as the negative psychological and physical effects are likely to outweigh any possible benefit in affected populations; thyroid health monitoring should however be made available to persons who request it (regardless of whether they are at increased risk or not), accompanied with appropriate information and support.
    Keywords Thyroid cancer ; Screening ; Health monitoring ; Nuclear accident ; Recommendation ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Personal exposure to traffic-related air pollutants and relationships with respiratory symptoms and oxidative stress: A pilot cross-sectional study among urban green space workers

    Guilbert, Ariane / Koen De Cremer / Billie Heene / Claire Demoury / Raf Aerts / Priscilla Declerck / Olivier Brasseur / An Van Nieuwenhuyse

    Science of the total environment. 2019 Feb. 01, v. 649

    2019  

    Abstract: Exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with various adverse health effects including respiratory, cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Exposure data for some specific pollutants and settings are however still insufficient and ... ...

    Abstract Exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with various adverse health effects including respiratory, cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Exposure data for some specific pollutants and settings are however still insufficient and mechanisms underlying negative health outcomes are not fully elucidated. This pilot study aimed to assess individual exposure to three traffic-related air pollutants, black carbon (BC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and benzene, and the relationship with respiratory and oxidative stress outcomes in a cross-sectional sample of 48 green space workers in Brussels, Belgium. Participants were followed during four consecutive working days in 2016–2017 during which their individual exposure to BC, PAHs, benzene and more generally air pollution was measured using aethalometers, urinary biomarkers (1-hydroxypyrene, 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, S-phenylmercapturic acid) and questionnaires. Data on respiratory health and oxidative stress were collected using questionnaires and respiratory/urinary biomarkers (exhaled nitric oxide [NO], 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine [8-OHdG]). Associations between exposure and health outcomes were investigated using comparison tests and linear regression models, after stratification by present-day smoking status. Spatial variation in BC exposure was high, with concentrations varying between 0.26 and 5.69 μg/m3. The highest levels were recorded during transport and, to a lesser extent, in green spaces located in the vicinity of roads with high traffic intensity. Concentrations of PAHs and benzene biomarkers did not systematically exceed the limits of detection. Among smokers, respiratory inflammation increased linearly with exposure to BC measured over the four days of follow-up (β = 8.73, 95% CI: 4.04, 13.41). Among non-smokers, oxidative stress increased linearly with BC measured on the fourth day (β = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.52, 4.24). Despite some limitations, this work supports the hypothesis that BC induces respiratory inflammation and oxidative stress. It also highlights the value of this compound as well as exhaled NO and urinary 8-OHdG biomarkers to detect early/mild effects of air pollution.
    Keywords 1-naphthol ; 2-naphthol ; adverse effects ; air pollutants ; air pollution ; benzene ; biomarkers ; carbon ; cross-sectional studies ; detection limit ; green infrastructure ; inflammation ; nervous system diseases ; nitric oxide ; oxidative stress ; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; questionnaires ; regression analysis ; roads ; smoking (habit) ; traffic ; Belgium
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0201
    Size p. 620-628.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.338
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Urban environment and mental health

    Laura Lauwers / Sonia Trabelsi / Ingrid Pelgrims / Hilde Bastiaens / Eva De Clercq / Ariane Guilbert / Madeleine Guyot / Michael Leone / Tim Nawrot / An Van Nieuwenhuyse / Roy Remmen / Nelly Saenen / Hans Keune

    BMJ Open, Vol 10, Iss

    the NAMED project, protocol for a mixed-method study

    2020  Volume 2

    Abstract: IntroductionMental health issues appear as a growing problem in modern societies and tend to be more frequent in big cities. Where increased evidence exists for positive links between nature and mental health, associations between urban environment ... ...

    Abstract IntroductionMental health issues appear as a growing problem in modern societies and tend to be more frequent in big cities. Where increased evidence exists for positive links between nature and mental health, associations between urban environment characteristics and mental health are still not well understood. These associations are highly complex and require an interdisciplinary and integrated research approach to cover the broad range of mitigating factors. This article presents the study protocol of a project called Nature Impact on Mental Health Distribution that aims to generate a comprehensive understanding of associations between mental health and the urban residential environment.Methods and analysisFollowing a mixed-method approach, this project combines quantitative and qualitative research. In the quantitative part, we analyse among the Brussels urban population associations between the urban residential environment and mental health, taking respondents’ socioeconomic status and physical health into account. Mental health is determined by the mental health indicators in the national Health Interview Survey (HIS). The urban residential environment is described by subjective indicators for the participant’s dwelling and neighbourhood present in the HIS and objective indicators for buildings, network infrastructure and green environment developed for the purpose of this project. We assess the mediating role of physical activity, social life, noise and air pollution. In the qualitative part, we conduct walking interviews with Brussels residents to record their subjective well-being in association with their neighbourhood. In the validation part, results from these two approaches are triangulated and evaluated through interviews and focus groups with stakeholders of healthcare and urban planning sectors.Ethics and disseminationThe Privacy Commission of Belgium and ethical committee from University Hospital of Antwerp respectively approved quantitative database merging and qualitative interviewing. We ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Determinants of exposure to acrylamide in European children and adults based on urinary biomarkers

    Sandra F. Fernández / Michael Poteser / Eva Govarts / Olga Pardo / Clara Coscollà / Thomas Schettgen / Nina Vogel / Till Weber / Aline Murawski / Marike Kolossa-Gehring / Maria Rüther / Phillipp Schmidt / Sónia Namorado / An Van Nieuwenhuyse / Brice Appenzeller / Kristín Ólafsdóttir / Thorhallur I. Halldorsson / Line S. Haug / Cathrine Thomsen /
    Fabio Barbone / Marika Mariuz / Valentina Rosolen / Loïc Rambaud / Margaux Riou / Thomas Göen / Stefanie Nübler / Moritz Schäfer / Karin H. A. Zarrabi / Ovnair Sepai / Laura Rodriguez Martin / Greet Schoeters / Liese Gilles / Karin Leander / Hanns Moshammer / Agneta Akesson / Laguzzi Federica

    Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    results from the “European Human Biomonitoring Initiative” HBM4EU participating studies

    2023  Volume 11

    Abstract: Abstract Little is known about exposure determinants of acrylamide (AA), a genotoxic food-processing contaminant, in Europe. We assessed determinants of AA exposure, measured by urinary mercapturic acids of AA (AAMA) and glycidamide (GAMA), its main ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Little is known about exposure determinants of acrylamide (AA), a genotoxic food-processing contaminant, in Europe. We assessed determinants of AA exposure, measured by urinary mercapturic acids of AA (AAMA) and glycidamide (GAMA), its main metabolite, in 3157 children/adolescents and 1297 adults in the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative. Harmonized individual-level questionnaires data and quality assured measurements of AAMA and GAMA (urine collection: 2014–2021), the short-term validated biomarkers of AA exposure, were obtained from four studies (Italy, France, Germany, and Norway) in children/adolescents (age range: 3–18 years) and six studies (Portugal, Spain, France, Germany, Luxembourg, and Iceland) in adults (age range: 20–45 years). Multivariable-adjusted pooled quantile regressions were employed to assess median differences (β coefficients) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) in AAMA and GAMA (µg/g creatinine) in relation to exposure determinants. Southern European studies had higher AAMA than Northern studies. In children/adolescents, we observed significant lower AA associated with high socioeconomic status (AAMA:β = − 9.1 µg/g creatinine, 95% CI − 15.8, − 2.4; GAMA: β = − 3.4 µg/g creatinine, 95% CI − 4.7, − 2.2), living in rural areas (AAMA:β = − 4.7 µg/g creatinine, 95% CI − 8.6, − 0.8; GAMA:β = − 1.1 µg/g creatinine, 95% CI − 1.9, − 0.4) and increasing age (AAMA:β = − 1.9 µg/g creatinine, 95% CI − 2.4, − 1.4; GAMA:β = − 0.7 µg/g creatinine, 95% CI − 0.8, − 0.6). In adults, higher AAMA was also associated with high consumption of fried potatoes whereas lower AAMA was associated with higher body-mass-index. Based on this large-scale study, several potential determinants of AA exposure were identified in children/adolescents and adults in European countries.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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