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  1. Article ; Online: Demonstrating Agreement between Radio and Fluorescence Measurements of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory.

    Abdul Halim, A / Abreu, P / Aglietta, M / Allekotte, I / Cheminant, K Almeida / Almela, A / Aloisio, R / Alvarez-Muñiz, J / Yebra, J Ammerman / Anastasi, G A / Anchordoqui, L / Andrada, B / Andringa, S / Anukriti / Apollonio, L / Aramo, C / Ferreira, P R Araújo / Arnone, E / Velázquez, J C Arteaga /
    Assis, P / Avila, G / Avocone, E / Bakalova, A / Barbato, F / Mocellin, A Bartz / Bellido, J A / Berat, C / Bertaina, M E / Bhatta, G / Bianciotto, M / Biermann, P L / Binet, V / Bismark, K / Bister, T / Biteau, J / Blazek, J / Bleve, C / Blümer, J / Boháčová, M / Boncioli, D / Bonifazi, C / Arbeletche, L Bonneau / Borodai, N / Brack, J / Orchera, P G Brichetto / Briechle, F L / Bueno, A / Buitink, S / Buscemi, M / Büsken, M / Bwembya, A / Caballero-Mora, K S / Cabana-Freire, S / Caccianiga, L / Caruso, R / Castellina, A / Catalani, F / Cataldi, G / Cazon, L / Cerda, M / Cermenati, A / Chinellato, J A / Chudoba, J / Chytka, L / Clay, R W / Cerutti, A C Cobos / Colalillo, R / Coleman, A / Coluccia, M R / Conceição, R / Condorelli, A / Consolati, G / Conte, M / Convenga, F / Dos Santos, D Correia / Costa, P J / Covault, C E / Cristinziani, M / Sanchez, C S Cruz / Dasso, S / Daumiller, K / Dawson, B R / de Almeida, R M / de Jesús, J / de Jong, S J / Neto, J R T de Mello / De Mitri, I / de Oliveira, J / Franco, D de Oliveira / de Palma, F / de Souza, V / de Errico, B P de Souza / De Vito, E / Del Popolo, A / Deligny, O / Denner, N / Deval, L / di Matteo, A / Dobre, M / Dobrigkeit, C / D'Olivo, J C / Mendes, L M Domingues / Dorosti, Q / Dos Anjos, J C / Dos Anjos, R C / Ebr, J / Ellwanger, F / Emam, M / Engel, R / Epicoco, I / Erdmann, M / Etchegoyen, A / Evoli, C / Falcke, H / Farmer, J / Farrar, G / Fauth, A C / Fazzini, N / Feldbusch, F / Fenu, F / Fernandes, A / Fick, B / Figueira, J M / Filipčič, A / Fitoussi, T / Flaggs, B / Fodran, T / Fujii, T / Fuster, A / Galea, C / Galelli, C / García, B / Gaudu, C / Gemmeke, H / Gesualdi, F / Gherghel-Lascu, A / Ghia, P L / Giaccari, U / Glombitza, J / Gobbi, F / Gollan, F / Golup, G / Berisso, M Gómez / Vitale, P F Gómez / Gongora, J P / González, J M / González, N / Goos, I / Góra, D / Gorgi, A / Gottowik, M / Grubb, T D / Guarino, F / Guedes, G P / Guido, E / Gülzow, L / Hahn, S / Hamal, P / Hampel, M R / Hansen, P / Harari, D / Harvey, V M / Haungs, A / Hebbeker, T / Hojvat, C / Hörandel, J R / Horvath, P / Hrabovský, M / Huege, T / Insolia, A / Isar, P G / Janecek, P / Jilek, V / Johnsen, J A / Jurysek, J / Kampert, K-H / Keilhauer, B / Khakurdikar, A / Covilakam, V V Kizakke / Klages, H O / Kleifges, M / Knapp, F / Köhler, J / Kunka, N / Lago, B L / Langner, N / de Oliveira, M A Leigui / Lema-Capeans, Y / Letessier-Selvon, A / Lhenry-Yvon, I / Lopes, L / Lu, L / Luce, Q / Lundquist, J P / Payeras, A Machado / Majercakova, M / Mandat, D / Manning, B C / Mantsch, P / Marafico, S / Mariani, F M / Mariazzi, A G / Mariş, I C / Marsella, G / Martello, D / Martinelli, S / Bravo, O Martínez / Martins, M A / Mathes, H-J / Matthews, J / Matthiae, G / Mayotte, E / Mayotte, S / Mazur, P O / Medina-Tanco, G / Meinert, J / Melo, D / Menshikov, A / Merx, C / Michal, S / Micheletti, M I / Miramonti, L / Mollerach, S / Montanet, F / Morejon, L / Morello, C / Mulrey, K / Mussa, R / Namasaka, W M / Negi, S / Nellen, L / Nguyen, K / Nicora, G / Niechciol, M / Nitz, D / Nosek, D / Novotny, V / Nožka, L / Nucita, A / Núñez, L A / Oliveira, C / Palatka, M / Pallotta, J / Panja, S / Parente, G / Paulsen, T / Pawlowsky, J / Pech, M / Pękala, J / Pelayo, R / Pereira, L A S / Martins, E E Pereira / Armand, J Perez / Bertolli, C Pérez / Perrone, L / Petrera, S / Petrucci, C / Pierog, T / Pimenta, M / Platino, M / Pont, B / Pothast, M / Shahvar, M Pourmohammad / Privitera, P / Prouza, M / Puyleart, A / Querchfeld, S / Rautenberg, J / Ravignani, D / Akim, J V Reginatto / Reininghaus, M / Ridky, J / Riehn, F / Risse, M / Rizi, V / de Carvalho, W Rodrigues / Rodriguez, E / Rojo, J Rodriguez / Roncoroni, M J / Rossoni, S / Roth, M / Roulet, E / Rovero, A C / Ruehl, P / Saftoiu, A / Saharan, M / Salamida, F / Salazar, H / Salina, G / Gomez, J D Sanabria / Sánchez, F / Santos, E M / Santos, E / Sarazin, F / Sarmento, R / Sato, R / Savina, P / Schäfer, C M / Scherini, V / Schieler, H / Schimassek, M / Schimp, M / Schmidt, D / Scholten, O / Schoorlemmer, H / Schovánek, P / Schröder, F G / Schulte, J / Schulz, T / Sciutto, S J / Scornavacche, M / Segreto, A / Sehgal, S / Shivashankara, S U / Sigl, G / Silli, G / Sima, O / Simkova, K / Simon, F / Smau, R / Šmída, R / Sommers, P / Soriano, J F / Squartini, R / Stadelmaier, M / Stanič, S / Stasielak, J / Stassi, P / Strähnz, S / Straub, M / Suomijärvi, T / Supanitsky, A D / Svozilikova, Z / Szadkowski, Z / Tairli, F / Tapia, A / Taricco, C / Timmermans, C / Tkachenko, O / Tobiska, P / Peixoto, C J Todero / Tomé, B / Torrès, Z / Travaini, A / Travnicek, P / Trimarelli, C / Tueros, M / Unger, M / Vaclavek, L / Vacula, M / Galicia, J F Valdés / Valore, L / Varela, E / Vásquez-Ramírez, A / Veberič, D / Ventura, C / Quispe, I D Vergara / Verzi, V / Vicha, J / Vink, J / Vorobiov, S / Watanabe, C / Watson, A A / Weindl, A / Wiencke, L / Wilczyński, H / Wittkowski, D / Wundheiler, B / Yue, B / Yushkov, A / Zapparrata, O / Zas, E / Zavrtanik, D / Zavrtanik, M

    Physical review letters

    2024  Volume 132, Issue 2, Page(s) 21001

    Abstract: We show, for the first time, radio measurements of the depth of shower maximum (X_{max}) of air showers induced by cosmic rays that are compared to measurements of the established fluorescence method at the same location. Using measurements at the Pierre ...

    Abstract We show, for the first time, radio measurements of the depth of shower maximum (X_{max}) of air showers induced by cosmic rays that are compared to measurements of the established fluorescence method at the same location. Using measurements at the Pierre Auger Observatory we show full compatibility between our radio and the previously published fluorescence dataset, and between a subset of air showers observed simultaneously with both radio and fluorescence techniques, a measurement setup unique to the Pierre Auger Observatory. Furthermore, we show radio X_{max} resolution as a function of energy and demonstrate the ability to make competitive high-resolution X_{max} measurements with even a sparse radio array. With this, we show that the radio technique is capable of cosmic-ray mass composition studies, both at Auger and at other experiments.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.021001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Limits to Gauge Coupling in the Dark Sector Set by the Nonobservation of Instanton-Induced Decay of Super-Heavy Dark Matter in the Pierre Auger Observatory Data.

    Abreu, P / Aglietta, M / Albury, J M / Allekotte, I / Almeida Cheminant, K / Almela, A / Aloisio, R / Alvarez-Muñiz, J / Alves Batista, R / Ammerman Yebra, J / Anastasi, G A / Anchordoqui, L / Andrada, B / Andringa, S / Aramo, C / Araújo Ferreira, P R / Arnone, E / Arteaga Velázquez, J C / Asorey, H /
    Assis, P / Avila, G / Avocone, E / Badescu, A M / Bakalova, A / Balaceanu, A / Barbato, F / Bellido, J A / Berat, C / Bertaina, M E / Bhatta, G / Biermann, P L / Binet, V / Bismark, K / Bister, T / Biteau, J / Blazek, J / Bleve, C / Blümer, J / Boháčová, M / Boncioli, D / Bonifazi, C / Bonneau Arbeletche, L / Borodai, N / Botti, A M / Brack, J / Bretz, T / Brichetto Orchera, P G / Briechle, F L / Buchholz, P / Bueno, A / Buitink, S / Buscemi, M / Büsken, M / Caballero-Mora, K S / Caccianiga, L / Canfora, F / Caracas, I / Caruso, R / Castellina, A / Catalani, F / Cataldi, G / Cazon, L / Cerda, M / Chinellato, J A / Chudoba, J / Chytka, L / Clay, R W / Cobos Cerutti, A C / Colalillo, R / Coleman, A / Coluccia, M R / Conceição, R / Condorelli, A / Consolati, G / Contreras, F / Convenga, F / Correia Dos Santos, D / Covault, C E / Dasso, S / Daumiller, K / Dawson, B R / Day, J A / de Almeida, R M / de Jesús, J / de Jong, S J / de Mello Neto, J R T / De Mitri, I / de Oliveira, J / de Oliveira Franco, D / de Palma, F / de Souza, V / De Vito, E / Del Popolo, A / Del Río, M / Deligny, O / Deval, L / di Matteo, A / Dobre, M / Dobrigkeit, C / D'Olivo, J C / Domingues Mendes, L M / Dos Anjos, R C / Dova, M T / Ebr, J / Engel, R / Epicoco, I / Erdmann, M / Escobar, C O / Etchegoyen, A / Falcke, H / Farmer, J / Farrar, G / Fauth, A C / Fazzini, N / Feldbusch, F / Fenu, F / Fick, B / Figueira, J M / Filipčič, A / Fitoussi, T / Fodran, T / Fujii, T / Fuster, A / Galea, C / Galelli, C / García, B / Garcia Vegas, A L / Gemmeke, H / Gesualdi, F / Gherghel-Lascu, A / Ghia, P L / Giaccari, U / Giammarchi, M / Glombitza, J / Gobbi, F / Gollan, F / Golup, G / Gómez Berisso, M / Gómez Vitale, P F / Gongora, J P / González, J M / González, N / Goos, I / Góra, D / Gorgi, A / Gottowik, M / Grubb, T D / Guarino, F / Guedes, G P / Guido, E / Hahn, S / Hamal, P / Hampel, M R / Hansen, P / Harari, D / Harvey, V M / Haungs, A / Hebbeker, T / Heck, D / Hill, G C / Hojvat, C / Hörandel, J R / Horvath, P / Hrabovský, M / Huege, T / Insolia, A / Isar, P G / Janecek, P / Johnsen, J A / Jurysek, J / Kääpä, A / Kampert, K H / Keilhauer, B / Khakurdikar, A / Kizakke Covilakam, V V / Klages, H O / Kleifges, M / Kleinfeller, J / Knapp, F / Kunka, N / Lago, B L / Langner, N / Leigui de Oliveira, M A / Lenok, V / Letessier-Selvon, A / Lhenry-Yvon, I / Lo Presti, D / Lopes, L / López, R / Lu, L / Luce, Q / Lundquist, J P / Machado Payeras, A / Mancarella, G / Mandat, D / Manning, B C / Manshanden, J / Mantsch, P / Marafico, S / Mariani, F M / Mariazzi, A G / Mariş, I C / Marsella, G / Martello, D / Martinelli, S / Martínez Bravo, O / Mastrodicasa, M / Mathes, H J / Matthews, J / Matthiae, G / Mayotte, E / Mayotte, S / Mazur, P O / Medina-Tanco, G / Melo, D / Menshikov, A / Michal, S / Micheletti, M I / Miramonti, L / Mollerach, S / Montanet, F / Morejon, L / Morello, C / Mostafá, M / Müller, A L / Muller, M A / Mulrey, K / Mussa, R / Muzio, M / Namasaka, W M / Nasr-Esfahani, A / Nellen, L / Nicora, G / Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M / Niechciol, M / Nitz, D / Norwood, I / Nosek, D / Novotny, V / Nožka, L / Nucita, A / Núñez, L A / Oliveira, C / Palatka, M / Pallotta, J / Papenbreer, P / Parente, G / Parra, A / Pawlowsky, J / Pech, M / Pękala, J / Pelayo, R / Peña-Rodriguez, J / Pereira Martins, E E / Perez Armand, J / Pérez Bertolli, C / Perrone, L / Petrera, S / Petrucci, C / Pierog, T / Pimenta, M / Pirronello, V / Platino, M / Pont, B / Pothast, M / Privitera, P / Prouza, M / Puyleart, A / Querchfeld, S / Rautenberg, J / Ravignani, D / Reininghaus, M / Ridky, J / Riehn, F / Risse, M / Rizi, V / Rodrigues de Carvalho, W / Rodriguez Rojo, J / Roncoroni, M J / Rossoni, S / Roth, M / Roulet, E / Rovero, A C / Ruehl, P / Saftoiu, A / Saharan, M / Salamida, F / Salazar, H / Salina, G / Sanabria Gomez, J D / Sánchez, F / Santos, E M / Santos, E / Sarazin, F / Sarmento, R / Sarmiento-Cano, C / Sato, R / Savina, P / Schäfer, C M / Scherini, V / Schieler, H / Schimassek, M / Schimp, M / Schlüter, F / Schmidt, D / Scholten, O / Schoorlemmer, H / Schovánek, P / Schröder, F G / Schulte, J / Schulz, T / Sciutto, S J / Scornavacche, M / Segreto, A / Sehgal, S / Shellard, R C / Sigl, G / Silli, G / Sima, O / Smau, R / Šmída, R / Sommers, P / Soriano, J F / Squartini, R / Stadelmaier, M / Stanca, D / Stanič, S / Stasielak, J / Stassi, P / Streich, A / Suárez-Durán, M / Sudholz, T / Suomijärvi, T / Supanitsky, A D / Szadkowski, Z / Tapia, A / Taricco, C / Timmermans, C / Tkachenko, O / Tobiska, P / Todero Peixoto, C J / Tomé, B / Torrès, Z / Travaini, A / Travnicek, P / Trimarelli, C / Tueros, M / Ulrich, R / Unger, M / Vaclavek, L / Vacula, M / Valdés Galicia, J F / Valore, L / Varela, E / Vásquez-Ramírez, A / Veberič, D / Ventura, C / Vergara Quispe, I D / Verzi, V / Vicha, J / Vink, J / Vorobiov, S / Wahlberg, H / Watanabe, C / Watson, A A / Weindl, A / Wiencke, L / Wilczyński, H / Wittkowski, D / Wundheiler, B / Yushkov, A / Zapparrata, O / Zas, E / Zavrtanik, D / Zavrtanik, M / Zehrer, L

    Physical review letters

    2023  Volume 130, Issue 6, Page(s) 61001

    Abstract: Instantons, which are nonperturbative solutions to Yang-Mills equations, provide a signal for the occurrence of quantum tunneling between distinct classes of vacua. They can give rise to decays of particles otherwise forbidden. Using data collected at ... ...

    Abstract Instantons, which are nonperturbative solutions to Yang-Mills equations, provide a signal for the occurrence of quantum tunneling between distinct classes of vacua. They can give rise to decays of particles otherwise forbidden. Using data collected at the Pierre Auger Observatory, we search for signatures of such instanton-induced processes that would be suggestive of super-heavy particles decaying in the Galactic halo. These particles could have been produced during the post-inflationary epoch and match the relic abundance of dark matter inferred today. The nonobservation of the signatures searched for allows us to derive a bound on the reduced coupling constant of gauge interactions in the dark sector: α_{X}≲0.09, for 10^{9}≲M_{X}/GeV<10^{19}. Conversely, we obtain that, for instance, a reduced coupling constant α_{X}=0.09 excludes masses M_{X}≳3×10^{13}  GeV. In the context of dark matter production from gravitational interactions alone, we illustrate how these bounds are complementary to those obtained on the Hubble rate at the end of inflation from the nonobservation of tensor modes in the cosmological microwave background.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.061001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Measurement of the Fluctuations in the Number of Muons in Extensive Air Showers with the Pierre Auger Observatory.

    Aab, A / Abreu, P / Aglietta, M / Albury, J M / Allekotte, I / Almela, A / Alvarez-Muñiz, J / Alves Batista, R / Anastasi, G A / Anchordoqui, L / Andrada, B / Andringa, S / Aramo, C / Araújo Ferreira, P R / Asorey, H / Assis, P / Avila, G / Badescu, A M / Bakalova, A /
    Balaceanu, A / Barbato, F / Barreira Luz, R J / Becker, K H / Bellido, J A / Berat, C / Bertaina, M E / Bertou, X / Biermann, P L / Bister, T / Biteau, J / Blazek, J / Bleve, C / Boháčová, M / Boncioli, D / Bonifazi, C / Bonneau Arbeletche, L / Borodai, N / Botti, A M / Brack, J / Bretz, T / Briechle, F L / Buchholz, P / Bueno, A / Buitink, S / Buscemi, M / Caballero-Mora, K S / Caccianiga, L / Cancio, A / Canfora, F / Caracas, I / Carceller, J M / Caruso, R / Castellina, A / Catalani, F / Cataldi, G / Cazon, L / Cerda, M / Chinellato, J A / Choi, K / Chudoba, J / Chytka, L / Clay, R W / Cobos Cerutti, A C / Colalillo, R / Coleman, A / Coluccia, M R / Conceição, R / Condorelli, A / Consolati, G / Contreras, F / Convenga, F / Covault, C E / Dasso, S / Daumiller, K / Dawson, B R / Day, J A / de Almeida, R M / de Jesús, J / de Jong, S J / De Mauro, G / de Mello Neto, J R T / De Mitri, I / de Oliveira, J / de Oliveira Franco, D / de Souza, V / De Vito, E / Debatin, J / Del Río, M / Deligny, O / Dembinski, H / Dhital, N / Di Matteo, A / Dobrigkeit, C / D'Olivo, J C / Dos Anjos, R C / Dova, M T / Ebr, J / Engel, R / Epicoco, I / Erdmann, M / Escobar, C O / Etchegoyen, A / Falcke, H / Farmer, J / Farrar, G / Fauth, A C / Fazzini, N / Feldbusch, F / Fenu, F / Fick, B / Figueira, J M / Filipčič, A / Fodran, T / Freire, M M / Fujii, T / Fuster, A / Galea, C / Galelli, C / García, B / Garcia Vegas, A L / Gemmeke, H / Gesualdi, F / Gherghel-Lascu, A / Ghia, P L / Giaccari, U / Giammarchi, M / Giller, M / Glombitza, J / Gobbi, F / Gollan, F / Golup, G / Gómez Berisso, M / Gómez Vitale, P F / Gongora, J P / González, N / Goos, I / Góra, D / Gorgi, A / Gottowik, M / Grubb, T D / Guarino, F / Guedes, G P / Guido, E / Hahn, S / Halliday, R / Hampel, M R / Hansen, P / Harari, D / Harvey, V M / Haungs, A / Hebbeker, T / Heck, D / Hill, G C / Hojvat, C / Hörandel, J R / Horvath, P / Hrabovský, M / Huege, T / Hulsman, J / Insolia, A / Isar, P G / Johnsen, J A / Jurysek, J / Kääpä, A / Kampert, K H / Keilhauer, B / Kemp, J / Klages, H O / Kleifges, M / Kleinfeller, J / Köpke, M / Kukec Mezek, G / Lago, B L / LaHurd, D / Lang, R G / Langner, N / Leigui de Oliveira, M A / Lenok, V / Letessier-Selvon, A / Lhenry-Yvon, I / Lo Presti, D / Lopes, L / López, R / Lorek, R / Luce, Q / Lucero, A / Lundquist, J P / Machado Payeras, A / Mancarella, G / Mandat, D / Manning, B C / Manshanden, J / Mantsch, P / Marafico, S / Mariazzi, A G / Mariş, I C / Marsella, G / Martello, D / Martinez, H / Martínez Bravo, O / Mastrodicasa, M / Mathes, H J / Matthews, J / Matthiae, G / Mayotte, E / Mazur, P O / Medina-Tanco, G / Melo, D / Menshikov, A / Merenda, K-D / Michal, S / Micheletti, M I / Miramonti, L / Mollerach, S / Montanet, F / Morello, C / Mostafá, M / Müller, A L / Muller, M A / Mulrey, K / Mussa, R / Muzio, M / Namasaka, W M / Nellen, L / Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M / Niechciol, M / Nitz, D / Nosek, D / Novotny, V / Nožka, L / Nucita, A / Núñez, L A / Palatka, M / Pallotta, J / Papenbreer, P / Parente, G / Parra, A / Pech, M / Pedreira, F / Pȩkala, J / Pelayo, R / Peña-Rodriguez, J / Perez Armand, J / Perlin, M / Perrone, L / Petrera, S / Pierog, T / Pimenta, M / Pirronello, V / Platino, M / Pont, B / Pothast, M / Privitera, P / Prouza, M / Puyleart, A / Querchfeld, S / Rautenberg, J / Ravignani, D / Reininghaus, M / Ridky, J / Riehn, F / Risse, M / Ristori, P / Rizi, V / Rodrigues de Carvalho, W / Rodriguez Rojo, J / Roncoroni, M J / Roth, M / Roulet, E / Rovero, A C / Ruehl, P / Saffi, S J / Saftoiu, A / Salamida, F / Salazar, H / Salina, G / Sanabria Gomez, J D / Sánchez, F / Santos, E M / Santos, E / Sarazin, F / Sarmento, R / Sarmiento-Cano, C / Sato, R / Savina, P / Schäfer, C M / Scherini, V / Schieler, H / Schimassek, M / Schimp, M / Schlüter, F / Schmidt, D / Scholten, O / Schovánek, P / Schröder, F G / Schröder, S / Schulte, J / Sciutto, S J / Scornavacche, M / Shellard, R C / Sigl, G / Silli, G / Sima, O / Šmída, R / Sommers, P / Soriano, J F / Souchard, J / Squartini, R / Stadelmaier, M / Stanca, D / Stanič, S / Stasielak, J / Stassi, P / Streich, A / Suárez-Durán, M / Sudholz, T / Suomijärvi, T / Supanitsky, A D / Šupík, J / Szadkowski, Z / Taboada, A / Tapia, A / Timmermans, C / Tkachenko, O / Tobiska, P / Todero Peixoto, C J / Tomé, B / Torralba Elipe, G / Travaini, A / Travnicek, P / Trimarelli, C / Trini, M / Tueros, M / Ulrich, R / Unger, M / Vaclavek, L / Vacula, M / Valdés Galicia, J F / Valiño, I / Valore, L / Varela, E / Varma K C, V / Vásquez-Ramírez, A / Veberič, D / Ventura, C / Vergara Quispe, I D / Verzi, V / Vicha, J / Vink, J / Vorobiov, S / Wahlberg, H / Watson, A A / Weber, M / Weindl, A / Wiencke, L / Wilczyński, H / Winchen, T / Wirtz, M / Wittkowski, D / Wundheiler, B / Yushkov, A / Zapparrata, O / Zas, E / Zavrtanik, D / Zavrtanik, M / Zehrer, L / Zepeda, A

    Physical review letters

    2021  Volume 126, Issue 15, Page(s) 152002

    Abstract: We present the first measurement of the fluctuations in the number of muons in extensive air showers produced by ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. We find that the measured fluctuations are in good agreement with predictions from air shower simulations. This ...

    Abstract We present the first measurement of the fluctuations in the number of muons in extensive air showers produced by ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. We find that the measured fluctuations are in good agreement with predictions from air shower simulations. This observation provides new insights into the origin of the previously reported deficit of muons in air shower simulations and constrains models of hadronic interactions at ultrahigh energies. Our measurement is compatible with the muon deficit originating from small deviations in the predictions from hadronic interaction models of particle production that accumulate as the showers develop.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.152002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Features of the Energy Spectrum of Cosmic Rays above 2.5×10^{18}  eV Using the Pierre Auger Observatory.

    Aab, A / Abreu, P / Aglietta, M / Albury, J M / Allekotte, I / Almela, A / Alvarez Castillo, J / Alvarez-Muñiz, J / Alves Batista, R / Anastasi, G A / Anchordoqui, L / Andrada, B / Andringa, S / Aramo, C / Araújo Ferreira, P R / Asorey, H / Assis, P / Avila, G / Badescu, A M /
    Bakalova, A / Balaceanu, A / Barbato, F / Barreira Luz, R J / Becker, K H / Bellido, J A / Berat, C / Bertaina, M E / Bertou, X / Biermann, P L / Bister, T / Biteau, J / Blanco, A / Blazek, J / Bleve, C / Boháčová, M / Boncioli, D / Bonifazi, C / Bonneau Arbeletche, L / Borodai, N / Botti, A M / Brack, J / Bretz, T / Briechle, F L / Buchholz, P / Bueno, A / Buitink, S / Buscemi, M / Caballero-Mora, K S / Caccianiga, L / Calcagni, L / Cancio, A / Canfora, F / Caracas, I / Carceller, J M / Caruso, R / Castellina, A / Catalani, F / Cataldi, G / Cazon, L / Cerda, M / Chinellato, J A / Choi, K / Chudoba, J / Chytka, L / Clay, R W / Cobos Cerutti, A C / Colalillo, R / Coleman, A / Coluccia, M R / Conceição, R / Condorelli, A / Consolati, G / Contreras, F / Convenga, F / Covault, C E / Dasso, S / Daumiller, K / Dawson, B R / Day, J A / de Almeida, R M / de Jesús, J / de Jong, S J / De Mauro, G / de Mello Neto, J R T / De Mitri, I / de Oliveira, J / de Oliveira Franco, D / de Souza, V / De Vito, E / Debatin, J / Del Río, M / Deligny, O / Dembinski, H / Dhital, N / Di Giulio, C / Di Matteo, A / Díaz Castro, M L / Dobrigkeit, C / D'Olivo, J C / Dorosti, Q / Dos Anjos, R C / Dova, M T / Ebr, J / Engel, R / Epicoco, I / Erdmann, M / Escobar, C O / Etchegoyen, A / Falcke, H / Farmer, J / Farrar, G / Fauth, A C / Fazzini, N / Feldbusch, F / Fenu, F / Fick, B / Figueira, J M / Filipčič, A / Fodran, T / Freire, M M / Fujii, T / Fuster, A / Galea, C / Galelli, C / García, B / Garcia Vegas, A L / Gemmeke, H / Gesualdi, F / Gherghel-Lascu, A / Ghia, P L / Giaccari, U / Giammarchi, M / Giller, M / Glombitza, J / Gobbi, F / Gollan, F / Golup, G / Gómez Berisso, M / Gómez Vitale, P F / Gongora, J P / González, N / Goos, I / Góra, D / Gorgi, A / Gottowik, M / Grubb, T D / Guarino, F / Guedes, G P / Guido, E / Hahn, S / Halliday, R / Hampel, M R / Hansen, P / Harari, D / Harvey, V M / Haungs, A / Hebbeker, T / Heck, D / Hill, G C / Hojvat, C / Hörandel, J R / Horvath, P / Hrabovský, M / Huege, T / Hulsman, J / Insolia, A / Isar, P G / Johnsen, J A / Jurysek, J / Kääpä, A / Kampert, K H / Keilhauer, B / Kemp, J / Klages, H O / Kleifges, M / Kleinfeller, J / Köpke, M / Kukec Mezek, G / Lago, B L / LaHurd, D / Lang, R G / Leigui de Oliveira, M A / Lenok, V / Letessier-Selvon, A / Lhenry-Yvon, I / Lo Presti, D / Lopes, L / López, R / Lorek, R / Luce, Q / Lucero, A / Machado Payeras, A / Malacari, M / Mancarella, G / Mandat, D / Manning, B C / Manshanden, J / Mantsch, P / Marafico, S / Mariazzi, A G / Mariş, I C / Marsella, G / Martello, D / Martinez, H / Martínez Bravo, O / Mastrodicasa, M / Mathes, H J / Matthews, J / Matthiae, G / Mayotte, E / Mazur, P O / Medina-Tanco, G / Melo, D / Menshikov, A / Merenda, K-D / Michal, S / Micheletti, M I / Miramonti, L / Mockler, D / Mollerach, S / Montanet, F / Morello, C / Mostafá, M / Müller, A L / Muller, M A / Mulrey, K / Mussa, R / Muzio, M / Namasaka, W M / Nellen, L / Nguyen, P H / Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M / Niechciol, M / Nitz, D / Nosek, D / Novotny, V / Nožka, L / Nucita, A / Núñez, L A / Palatka, M / Pallotta, J / Panetta, M P / Papenbreer, P / Parente, G / Parra, A / Pech, M / Pedreira, F / Pȩkala, J / Pelayo, R / Peña-Rodriguez, J / Perez Armand, J / Perlin, M / Perrone, L / Peters, C / Petrera, S / Pierog, T / Pimenta, M / Pirronello, V / Platino, M / Pont, B / Pothast, M / Privitera, P / Prouza, M / Puyleart, A / Querchfeld, S / Rautenberg, J / Ravignani, D / Reininghaus, M / Ridky, J / Riehn, F / Risse, M / Ristori, P / Rizi, V / Rodrigues de Carvalho, W / Rodriguez Fernandez, G / Rodriguez Rojo, J / Roncoroni, M J / Roth, M / Roulet, E / Rovero, A C / Ruehl, P / Saffi, S J / Saftoiu, A / Salamida, F / Salazar, H / Salina, G / Sanabria Gomez, J D / Sánchez, F / Santos, E M / Santos, E / Sarazin, F / Sarmento, R / Sarmiento-Cano, C / Sato, R / Savina, P / Schäfer, C / Scherini, V / Schieler, H / Schimassek, M / Schimp, M / Schlüter, F / Schmidt, D / Scholten, O / Schovánek, P / Schröder, F G / Schröder, S / Schulz, A / Sciutto, S J / Scornavacche, M / Shellard, R C / Sigl, G / Silli, G / Sima, O / Šmída, R / Sommers, P / Soriano, J F / Souchard, J / Squartini, R / Stadelmaier, M / Stanca, D / Stanič, S / Stasielak, J / Stassi, P / Streich, A / Suárez-Durán, M / Sudholz, T / Suomijärvi, T / Supanitsky, A D / Šupík, J / Szadkowski, Z / Taboada, A / Tapia, A / Timmermans, C / Tkachenko, O / Tobiska, P / Todero Peixoto, C J / Tomé, B / Torralba Elipe, G / Travaini, A / Travnicek, P / Trimarelli, C / Trini, M / Tueros, M / Ulrich, R / Unger, M / Urban, M / Vaclavek, L / Vacula, M / Valdés Galicia, J F / Valiño, I / Valore, L / van Vliet, A / Varela, E / Vargas Cárdenas, B / Vásquez-Ramírez, A / Veberič, D / Ventura, C / Vergara Quispe, I D / Verzi, V / Vicha, J / Villaseñor, L / Vink, J / Vorobiov, S / Wahlberg, H / Watson, A A / Weber, M / Weindl, A / Wiencke, L / Wilczyński, H / Winchen, T / Wirtz, M / Wittkowski, D / Wundheiler, B / Yushkov, A / Zapparrata, O / Zas, E / Zavrtanik, D / Zavrtanik, M / Zehrer, L / Zepeda, A / Ziolkowski, M / Zuccarello, F

    Physical review letters

    2020  Volume 125, Issue 12, Page(s) 121106

    Abstract: We report a measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic rays above 2.5×10^{18}  eV based on 215 030 events. New results are presented: at about 1.3×10^{19}  eV, the spectral index changes from 2.51±0.03(stat)±0.05(syst) to 3.05±0.05(stat)±0.10(syst), ... ...

    Abstract We report a measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic rays above 2.5×10^{18}  eV based on 215 030 events. New results are presented: at about 1.3×10^{19}  eV, the spectral index changes from 2.51±0.03(stat)±0.05(syst) to 3.05±0.05(stat)±0.10(syst), evolving to 5.1±0.3(stat)±0.1(syst) beyond 5×10^{19}  eV, while no significant dependence of spectral features on the declination is seen in the accessible range. These features of the spectrum can be reproduced in models with energy-dependent mass composition. The energy density in cosmic rays above 5×10^{18}  eV is [5.66±0.03(stat)±1.40(syst)]×10^{53}  erg Mpc^{-3}.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.121106
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Book ; Online: The FRAM robotic telescope for atmospheric monitoring at the Pierre Auger Observatory

    The Pierre Auger Collaboration / Aab, A. / Abreu, P. / Aglietta, M. / Albury, J. M. / Allekotte, I. / Almela, A. / Alvarez-Muñiz, J. / Batista, R. Alves / Anastasi, G. A. / Anchordoqui, L. / Andrada, B. / Andringa, S. / Aramo, C. / Ferreira, P. R. Araújo / Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga / Asorey, H. / Assis, P. / Avila, G. /
    Badescu, A. M. / Bakalova, A. / Balaceanu, A. / Barbato, F. / Luz, R. J. Barreira / Becker, K. H. / Bellido, J. A. / Berat, C. / Bertaina, M. E. / Bertou, X. / Biermann, P. L. / Bister, T. / Biteau, J. / Blazek, J. / Bleve, C. / Boháčová, M. / Boncioli, D. / Bonifazi, C. / Arbeletche, L. Bonneau / Borodai, N. / Botti, A. M. / Brack, J. / Bretz, T. / Orchera, P. G. Brichetto / Briechle, F. L. / Buchholz, P. / Bueno, A. / Buitink, S. / Buscemi, M. / Caballero-Mora, K. S. / Caccianiga, L. / Canfora, F. / Caracas, I. / Carceller, J. M. / Caruso, R. / Castellina, A. / Catalani, F. / Cataldi, G. / Cazon, L. / Cerda, M. / Chinellato, J. A. / Choi, K. / Chudoba, J. / Chytka, L. / Clay, R. W. / Cerutti, A. C. Cobos / Colalillo, R. / Coleman, A. / Coluccia, M. R. / Conceição, R. / Condorelli, A. / Consolati, G. / Contreras, F. / Convenga, F. / Santos, D. Correia dos / Covault, C. E. / Dasso, S. / Daumiller, K. / Dawson, B. R. / Day, J. A. / de Almeida, R. M. / de Jesús, J. / de Jong, S. J. / De Mauro, G. / Neto, J. R. T. de Mello / De Mitri, I. / de Oliveira, J. / Franco, D. de Oliveira / de Palma, F. / de Souza, V. / De Vito, E. / del Río, M. / Deligny, O. / Di Matteo, A. / Dobrigkeit, C. / D'Olivo, J. C. / Anjos, R. C. dos / Dova, M. T. / Ebr, J. / Engel, R. / Epicoco, I. / Erdmann, M. / Escobar, C. O. / Etchegoyen, A. / Falcke, H. / Farmer, J. / Farrar, G. / Fauth, A. C. / Fazzini, N. / Feldbusch, F. / Fenu, F. / Fick, B. / Figueira, J. M. / Filipčič, A. / Fodran, T. / Freire, M. M. / Fujii, T. / Fuster, A. / Galea, C. / Galelli, C. / García, B. / Vegas, A. L. Garcia / Gemmeke, H. / Gesualdi, F. / Gherghel-Lascu, A. / Ghia, P. L. / Giaccari, U. / Giammarchi, M. / Giller, M. / Glombitza, J. / Gobbi, F. / Gollan, F. / Golup, G. / Berisso, M. Gómez / Vitale, P. F. Gómez / Gongora, J. P. / González, J. M. / González, N. / Goos, I. / Góra, D. / Gorgi, A. / Gottowik, M. / Grubb, T. D. / Guarino, F. / Guedes, G. P. / Guido, E. / Hahn, S. / Hamal, P. / Hampel, M. R. / Hansen, P. / Harari, D. / Harvey, V. M. / Haungs, A. / Hebbeker, T. / Heck, D. / Hill, G. C. / Hojvat, C. / Hörandel, J. R. / Horvath, P. / Hrabovský, M. / Huege, T. / Hulsman, J. / Insolia, A. / Isar, P. G. / Janecek, P. / Johnsen, J. A. / Jurysek, J. / Kääpä, A. / Kampert, K. H. / Keilhauer, B. / Kemp, J. / Klages, H. O. / Kleifges, M. / Kleinfeller, J. / Köpke, M. / Kunka, N. / Lago, B. L. / Lang, R. G. / Langner, N. / de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui / Lenok, V. / Letessier-Selvon, A. / Lhenry-Yvon, I. / Presti, D. Lo / Lopes, L. / López, R. / Lu, L. / Luce, Q. / Lucero, A. / Lundquist, J. P. / Payeras, A. Machado / Mancarella, G. / Mandat, D. / Manning, B. C. / Manshanden, J. / Mantsch, P. / Marafico, S. / Mariazzi, A. G. / Mariş, I. C. / Marsella, G. / Martello, D. / Martinez, H. / Bravo, O. Martínez / Mastrodicasa, M. / Mathes, H. J. / Matthews, J. / Matthiae, G. / Mayotte, E. / Mazur, P. O. / Medina-Tanco, G. / Melo, D. / Menshikov, A. / Merenda, K. -D. / Michal, S. / Micheletti, M. I. / Miramonti, L. / Mollerach, S. / Montanet, F. / Morello, C. / Mostafá, M. / Müller, A. L. / Muller, M. A. / Mulrey, K. / Mussa, R. / Muzio, M. / Namasaka, W. M. / Nasr-Esfahani, A. / Nellen, L. / Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M. / Niechciol, M. / Nitz, D. / Nosek, D. / Novotny, V. / Nožka, L. / Nucita, A / Núñez, L. A. / Palatka, M. / Pallotta, J. / Papenbreer, P. / Parente, G. / Parra, A. / Pech, M. / Pedreira, F. / Pękala, J. / Pelayo, R. / Peña-Rodriguez, J. / Martins, E. E. Pereira / Armand, J. Perez / Bertolli, C. Pérez / Perlin, M. / Perrone, L. / Petrera, S. / Pierog, T. / Pimenta, M. / Pirronello, V. / Platino, M. / Pont, B. / Pothast, M. / Privitera, P. / Prouza, M. / Puyleart, A. / Querchfeld, S. / Rautenberg, J. / Ravignani, D. / Reininghaus, M. / Ridky, J. / Riehn, F. / Risse, M. / Rizi, V. / de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues / Rojo, J. Rodriguez / Roncoroni, M. J. / Roth, M. / Roulet, E. / Rovero, A. C. / Ruehl, P. / Saffi, S. J. / Saftoiu, A. / Salamida, F. / Salazar, H. / Salina, G. / Gomez, J. D. Sanabria / Sánchez, F. / Santos, E. M. / Santos, E. / Sarazin, F. / Sarmento, R. / Sarmiento-Cano, C. / Sato, R. / Savina, P. / Schäfer, C. M. / Scherini, V. / Schieler, H. / Schimassek, M. / Schimp, M. / Schlüter, F. / Schmidt, D. / Scholten, O. / Schovánek, P. / Schröder, F. G. / Schröder, S. / Schulte, J. / Sciutto, S. J. / Scornavacche, M. / Segreto, A. / Sehgal, S. / Shellard, R. C. / Sigl, G. / Silli, G. / Sima, O. / Šmída, R. / Sommers, P. / Soriano, J. F. / Souchard, J. / Squartini, R. / Stadelmaier, M. / Stanca, D. / Stanič, S. / Stasielak, J. / Stassi, P. / Streich, A. / Suárez-Durán, M. / Sudholz, T. / Suomijärvi, T. / Supanitsky, A. D. / Šupík, J. / Szadkowski, Z. / Taboada, A. / Tapia, A. / Taricco, C. / Timmermans, C. / Tkachenko, O. / Tobiska, P. / Peixoto, C. J. Todero / Tomé, B. / Travaini, A. / Travnicek, P. / Trimarelli, C. / Trini, M. / Tueros, M. / Ulrich, R. / Unger, M. / Vaclavek, L. / Vacula, M. / Galicia, J. F. Valdés / Valore, L. / Varela, E. / C., V. Varma K. / Vásquez-Ramírez, A. / Veberič, D. / Ventura, C. / Quispe, I. D. Vergara / Verzi, V. / Vicha, J. / Vink, J. / Vorobiov, S. / Wahlberg, H. / Watanabe, C. / Watson, A. A. / Weber, M. / Weindl, A. / Wiencke, L. / Wilczyński, H. / Winchen, T. / Wirtz, M. / Wittkowski, D. / Wundheiler, B. / Yushkov, A. / Zapparrata, O. / Zas, E. / Zavrtanik, D. / Zavrtanik, M. / Zehrer, L. / Zepeda, A. / Cunniffe, R. / Eliášek, J. / Ebrová, I. / Jelínek, M. / Karpov, S. / Kubánek, P. / Mašek, M.

    2021  

    Abstract: FRAM (F/Photometric Robotic Atmospheric Monitor) is a robotic telescope operated at the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina for the purposes of atmospheric monitoring using stellar photometry. As a passive system which does not produce any light that ... ...

    Abstract FRAM (F/Photometric Robotic Atmospheric Monitor) is a robotic telescope operated at the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina for the purposes of atmospheric monitoring using stellar photometry. As a passive system which does not produce any light that could interfere with the observations of the fluorescence telescopes of the observatory, it complements the active monitoring systems that use lasers. We discuss the applications of stellar photometry for atmospheric monitoring at optical observatories in general and the particular modes of operation employed by the Auger FRAM. We describe in detail the technical aspects of FRAM, the hardware and software requirements for a successful operation of a robotic telescope for such a purpose and their implementation within the FRAM system.

    Comment: Published version, 27 pages, 8 figures
    Keywords Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ; Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
    Subject code 629
    Publishing date 2021-01-27
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Testing Hadronic Interactions at Ultrahigh Energies with Air Showers Measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory.

    Aab, A / Abreu, P / Aglietta, M / Ahn, E J / Al Samarai, I / Albuquerque, I F M / Allekotte, I / Allen, J D / Allison, P / Almela, A / Alvarez Castillo, J / Alvarez-Muñiz, J / Ambrosio, M / Anastasi, G A / Anchordoqui, L / Andrada, B / Andringa, S / Aramo, C / Arqueros, F /
    Arsene, N / Asorey, H / Assis, P / Aublin, J / Avila, G / Badescu, A M / Baus, C / Beatty, J J / Becker, K H / Bellido, J A / Berat, C / Bertaina, M E / Bertou, X / Biermann, P L / Billoir, P / Biteau, J / Blaess, S G / Blanco, A / Blazek, J / Bleve, C / Blümer, H / Boháčová, M / Boncioli, D / Bonifazi, C / Borodai, N / Botti, A M / Brack, J / Brancus, I / Bretz, T / Bridgeman, A / Briechle, F L / Buchholz, P / Bueno, A / Buitink, S / Buscemi, M / Caballero-Mora, K S / Caccianiga, B / Caccianiga, L / Cancio, A / Canfora, F / Caramete, L / Caruso, R / Castellina, A / Cataldi, G / Cazon, L / Cester, R / Chavez, A G / Chiavassa, A / Chinellato, J A / Chirinos Diaz, J C / Chudoba, J / Clay, R W / Colalillo, R / Coleman, A / Collica, L / Coluccia, M R / Conceição, R / Contreras, F / Cooper, M J / Coutu, S / Covault, C E / Cronin, J / Dallier, R / D'Amico, S / Daniel, B / Dasso, S / Daumiller, K / Dawson, B R / de Almeida, R M / de Jong, S J / De Mauro, G / de Mello Neto, J R T / De Mitri, I / de Oliveira, J / de Souza, V / Debatin, J / Del Peral, L / Deligny, O / Dhital, N / Di Giulio, C / Di Matteo, A / Díaz Castro, M L / Diogo, F / Dobrigkeit, C / D'Olivo, J C / Dorofeev, A / Dos Anjos, R C / Dova, M T / Dundovic, A / Ebr, J / Engel, R / Erdmann, M / Erfani, M / Escobar, C O / Espadanal, J / Etchegoyen, A / Falcke, H / Fang, K / Farrar, G R / Fauth, A C / Fazzini, N / Ferguson, A P / Fick, B / Figueira, J M / Filevich, A / Filipčič, A / Fratu, O / Freire, M M / Fujii, T / Fuster, A / Gallo, F / García, B / Garcia-Pinto, D / Gate, F / Gemmeke, H / Gherghel-Lascu, A / Ghia, P L / Giaccari, U / Giammarchi, M / Giller, M / Głas, D / Glaser, C / Glass, H / Golup, G / Gómez Berisso, M / Gómez Vitale, P F / González, N / Gookin, B / Gordon, J / Gorgi, A / Gorham, P / Gouffon, P / Griffith, N / Grillo, A F / Grubb, T D / Guarino, F / Guedes, G P / Hampel, M R / Hansen, P / Harari, D / Harrison, T A / Harton, J L / Hasankiadeh, Q / Haungs, A / Hebbeker, T / Heck, D / Heimann, P / Herve, A E / Hill, G C / Hojvat, C / Hollon, N / Holt, E / Homola, P / Hörandel, J R / Horvath, P / Hrabovský, M / Huege, T / Hulsman, J / Insolia, A / Isar, P G / Jandt, I / Jansen, S / Jarne, C / Johnsen, J A / Josebachuili, M / Kääpä, A / Kambeitz, O / Kampert, K H / Kasper, P / Katkov, I / Keilhauer, B / Kemp, E / Kieckhafer, R M / Klages, H O / Kleifges, M / Kleinfeller, J / Krause, R / Krohm, N / Kuempel, D / Kukec Mezek, G / Kunka, N / Kuotb Awad, A / LaHurd, D / Latronico, L / Lauscher, M / Lautridou, P / Lebrun, P / Legumina, R / Leigui de Oliveira, M A / Letessier-Selvon, A / Lhenry-Yvon, I / Link, K / Lopes, L / López, R / López Casado, A / Lucero, A / Malacari, M / Mallamaci, M / Mandat, D / Mantsch, P / Mariazzi, A G / Marin, V / Mariş, I C / Marsella, G / Martello, D / Martinez, H / Martínez Bravo, O / Masías Meza, J J / Mathes, H J / Mathys, S / Matthews, J / Matthews, J A J / Matthiae, G / Maurizio, D / Mayotte, E / Mazur, P O / Medina, C / Medina-Tanco, G / Mello, V B B / Melo, D / Menshikov, A / Messina, S / Micheletti, M I / Middendorf, L / Minaya, I A / Miramonti, L / Mitrica, B / Molina-Bueno, L / Mollerach, S / Montanet, F / Morello, C / Mostafá, M / Moura, C A / Müller, G / Muller, M A / Müller, S / Naranjo, I / Navas, S / Necesal, P / Nellen, L / Nelles, A / Neuser, J / Nguyen, P H / Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M / Niechciol, M / Niemietz, L / Niggemann, T / Nitz, D / Nosek, D / Novotny, V / Nožka, H / Núñez, L A / Ochilo, L / Oikonomou, F / Olinto, A / Pakk Selmi-Dei, D / Palatka, M / Pallotta, J / Papenbreer, P / Parente, G / Parra, A / Paul, T / Pech, M / Pedreira, F / Pękala, J / Pelayo, R / Peña-Rodriguez, J / Pepe, I M / Pereira, L A S / Perrone, L / Petermann, E / Peters, C / Petrera, S / Phuntsok, J / Piegaia, R / Pierog, T / Pieroni, P / Pimenta, M / Pirronello, V / Platino, M / Plum, M / Porowski, C / Prado, R R / Privitera, P / Prouza, M / Quel, E J / Querchfeld, S / Quinn, S / Rautenberg, J / Ravel, O / Ravignani, D / Revenu, B / Ridky, J / Risse, M / Ristori, P / Rizi, V / Rodrigues de Carvalho, W / Rodriguez Rojo, J / Rodríguez-Frías, M D / Rogozin, D / Rosado, J / Roth, M / Roulet, E / Rovero, A C / Saffi, S J / Saftoiu, A / Salazar, H / Saleh, A / Salesa Greus, F / Salina, G / Sanabria Gomez, J D / Sánchez, F / Sanchez-Lucas, P / Santos, E M / Santos, E / Sarazin, F / Sarkar, B / Sarmento, R / Sarmiento-Cano, C / Sato, R / Scarso, C / Schauer, M / Scherini, V / Schieler, H / Schmidt, D / Scholten, O / Schoorlemmer, H / Schovánek, P / Schröder, F G / Schulz, A / Schulz, J / Schumacher, J / Sciutto, S J / Segreto, A / Settimo, M / Shadkam, A / Shellard, R C / Sigl, G / Sima, O / Śmiałkowski, A / Šmída, R / Snow, G R / Sommers, P / Sonntag, S / Sorokin, J / Squartini, R / Stanca, D / Stanič, S / Stapleton, J / Stasielak, J / Strafella, F / Stutz, A / Suarez, F / Suarez Durán, M / Sudholz, T / Suomijärvi, T / Supanitsky, A D / Sutherland, M S / Swain, J / Szadkowski, Z / Taborda, O A / Tapia, A / Tepe, A / Theodoro, V M / Timmermans, C / Todero Peixoto, C J / Tomankova, L / Tomé, B / Tonachini, A / Torralba Elipe, G / Torres Machado, D / Travnicek, P / Trini, M / Ulrich, R / Unger, M / Urban, M / Valbuena-Delgado, A / Valdés Galicia, J F / Valiño, I / Valore, L / van Aar, G / van Bodegom, P / van den Berg, A M / van Vliet, A / Varela, E / Vargas Cárdenas, B / Varner, G / Vázquez, J R / Vázquez, R A / Veberič, D / Verzi, V / Vicha, J / Videla, M / Villaseñor, L / Vorobiov, S / Wahlberg, H / Wainberg, O / Walz, D / Watson, A A / Weber, M / Weindl, A / Wiencke, L / Wilczyński, H / Winchen, T / Wittkowski, D / Wundheiler, B / Wykes, S / Yang, L / Yapici, T / Yelos, D / Zas, E / Zavrtanik, D / Zavrtanik, M / Zepeda, A / Zimmermann, B / Ziolkowski, M / Zong, Z / Zuccarello, F

    Physical review letters

    2016  Volume 117, Issue 19, Page(s) 192001

    Abstract: Ultrahigh energy cosmic ray air showers probe particle physics at energies beyond the reach of accelerators. Here we introduce a new method to test hadronic interaction models without relying on the absolute energy calibration, and apply it to events ... ...

    Abstract Ultrahigh energy cosmic ray air showers probe particle physics at energies beyond the reach of accelerators. Here we introduce a new method to test hadronic interaction models without relying on the absolute energy calibration, and apply it to events with primary energy 6-16 EeV (E_{CM}=110-170  TeV), whose longitudinal development and lateral distribution were simultaneously measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory. The average hadronic shower is 1.33±0.16 (1.61±0.21) times larger than predicted using the leading LHC-tuned models EPOS-LHC (QGSJetII-04), with a corresponding excess of muons.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-11-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.192001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy.

    Aab, A / Abreu, P / Aglietta, M / Ahn, E J / Al Samarai, I / Albuquerque, I F M / Allekotte, I / Allison, P / Almela, A / Alvarez Castillo, J / Alvarez-Muñiz, J / Alves Batista, R / Ambrosio, M / Aminaei, A / Anastasi, G A / Anchordoqui, L / Andringa, S / Aramo, C / Arqueros, F /
    Arsene, N / Asorey, H / Assis, P / Aublin, J / Avila, G / Awal, N / Badescu, A M / Baus, C / Beatty, J J / Becker, K H / Bellido, J A / Berat, C / Bertaina, M E / Bertou, X / Biermann, P L / Billoir, P / Blaess, S G / Blanco, A / Blanco, M / Blazek, J / Bleve, C / Blümer, H / Boháčová, M / Boncioli, D / Bonifazi, C / Borodai, N / Brack, J / Brancus, I / Bretz, T / Bridgeman, A / Brogueira, P / Buchholz, P / Bueno, A / Buitink, S / Buscemi, M / Caballero-Mora, K S / Caccianiga, B / Caccianiga, L / Candusso, M / Caramete, L / Caruso, R / Castellina, A / Cataldi, G / Cazon, L / Cester, R / Chavez, A G / Chiavassa, A / Chinellato, J A / Chudoba, J / Cilmo, M / Clay, R W / Cocciolo, G / Colalillo, R / Coleman, A / Collica, L / Coluccia, M R / Conceição, R / Contreras, F / Cooper, M J / Cordier, A / Coutu, S / Covault, C E / Cronin, J / Dallier, R / Daniel, B / Dasso, S / Daumiller, K / Dawson, B R / de Almeida, R M / de Jong, S J / De Mauro, G / de Mello Neto, J R T / De Mitri, I / de Oliveira, J / de Souza, V / Del Peral, L / Deligny, O / Dhital, N / Di Giulio, C / Di Matteo, A / Diaz, J C / Díaz Castro, M L / Diogo, F / Dobrigkeit, C / Docters, W / D'Olivo, J C / Dorofeev, A / Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Q / Dos Anjos, R C / Dova, M T / Ebr, J / Engel, R / Erdmann, M / Erfani, M / Escobar, C O / Espadanal, J / Etchegoyen, A / Falcke, H / Fang, K / Farrar, G / Fauth, A C / Fazzini, N / Ferguson, A P / Fick, B / Figueira, J M / Filevich, A / Filipčič, A / Fratu, O / Freire, M M / Fujii, T / García, B / Garcia-Gamez, D / Garcia-Pinto, D / Gate, F / Gemmeke, H / Gherghel-Lascu, A / Ghia, P L / Giaccari, U / Giammarchi, M / Giller, M / Głas, D / Glaser, C / Glass, H / Golup, G / Gómez Berisso, M / Gómez Vitale, P F / González, N / Gookin, B / Gordon, J / Gorgi, A / Gorham, P / Gouffon, P / Griffith, N / Grillo, A F / Grubb, T D / Guarino, F / Guedes, G P / Hampel, M R / Hansen, P / Harari, D / Harrison, T A / Hartmann, S / Harton, J L / Haungs, A / Hebbeker, T / Heck, D / Heimann, P / Herve, A E / Hill, G C / Hojvat, C / Hollon, N / Holt, E / Homola, P / Hörandel, J R / Horvath, P / Hrabovský, M / Huber, D / Huege, T / Insolia, A / Isar, P G / Jandt, I / Jansen, S / Jarne, C / Johnsen, J A / Josebachuili, M / Kääpä, A / Kambeitz, O / Kampert, K H / Kasper, P / Katkov, I / Keilhauer, B / Kemp, E / Kieckhafer, R M / Klages, H O / Kleifges, M / Kleinfeller, J / Krause, R / Krohm, N / Kuempel, D / Kukec Mezek, G / Kunka, N / Kuotb Awad, A W / LaHurd, D / Latronico, L / Lauer, R / Lauscher, M / Lautridou, P / Le Coz, S / Lebrun, D / Lebrun, P / Leigui de Oliveira, M A / Letessier-Selvon, A / Lhenry-Yvon, I / Link, K / Lopes, L / López, R / López Casado, A / Louedec, K / Lucero, A / Malacari, M / Mallamaci, M / Maller, J / Mandat, D / Mantsch, P / Mariazzi, A G / Marin, V / Mariş, I C / Marsella, G / Martello, D / Martinez, H / Martínez Bravo, O / Martraire, D / Masías Meza, J J / Mathes, H J / Mathys, S / Matthews, J / Matthews, J A J / Matthiae, G / Maurizio, D / Mayotte, E / Mazur, P O / Medina, C / Medina-Tanco, G / Meissner, R / Mello, V B B / Melo, D / Menshikov, A / Messina, S / Micheletti, M I / Middendorf, L / Minaya, I A / Miramonti, L / Mitrica, B / Molina-Bueno, L / Mollerach, S / Montanet, F / Morello, C / Mostafá, M / Moura, C A / Muller, M A / Müller, G / Müller, S / Navas, S / Necesal, P / Nellen, L / Nelles, A / Neuser, J / Nguyen, P H / Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M / Niechciol, M / Niemietz, L / Niggemann, T / Nitz, D / Nosek, D / Novotny, V / Nožka, L / Núñez, L A / Ochilo, L / Oikonomou, F / Olinto, A / Pacheco, N / Pakk Selmi-Dei, D / Palatka, M / Pallotta, J / Papenbreer, P / Parente, G / Parra, A / Paul, T / Pech, M / Pȩkala, J / Pelayo, R / Pepe, I M / Perrone, L / Petermann, E / Peters, C / Petrera, S / Petrov, Y / Phuntsok, J / Piegaia, R / Pierog, T / Pieroni, P / Pimenta, M / Pirronello, V / Platino, M / Plum, M / Porcelli, A / Porowski, C / Prado, R R / Privitera, P / Prouza, M / Quel, E J / Querchfeld, S / Quinn, S / Rautenberg, J / Ravel, O / Ravignani, D / Reinert, D / Revenu, B / Ridky, J / Risse, M / Ristori, P / Rizi, V / Rodrigues de Carvalho, W / Rodriguez Rojo, J / Rodríguez-Frías, M D / Rogozin, D / Rosado, J / Roth, M / Roulet, E / Rovero, A C / Saffi, S J / Saftoiu, A / Salazar, H / Saleh, A / Salesa Greus, F / Salina, G / Sanabria Gomez, J D / Sánchez, F / Sanchez-Lucas, P / Santos, E / Santos, E M / Sarazin, F / Sarkar, B / Sarmento, R / Sarmiento-Cano, C / Sato, R / Scarso, C / Schauer, M / Scherini, V / Schieler, H / Schmidt, D / Scholten, O / Schoorlemmer, H / Schovánek, P / Schröder, F G / Schulz, A / Schulz, J / Schumacher, J / Sciutto, S J / Segreto, A / Settimo, M / Shadkam, A / Shellard, R C / Sigl, G / Sima, O / Śmiałkowski, A / Šmída, R / Snow, G R / Sommers, P / Sonntag, S / Sorokin, J / Squartini, R / Srivastava, Y N / Stanca, D / Stanič, S / Stapleton, J / Stasielak, J / Stephan, M / Stutz, A / Suarez, F / Suarez Durán, M / Suomijärvi, T / Supanitsky, A D / Sutherland, M S / Swain, J / Szadkowski, Z / Taborda, O A / Tapia, A / Tepe, A / Theodoro, V M / Timmermans, C / Todero Peixoto, C J / Toma, G / Tomankova, L / Tomé, B / Tonachini, A / Torralba Elipe, G / Torres Machado, D / Travnicek, P / Trini, M / Ulrich, R / Unger, M / Urban, M / Valdés Galicia, J F / Valiño, I / Valore, L / van Aar, G / van Bodegom, P / van den Berg, A M / van Velzen, S / van Vliet, A / Varela, E / Vargas Cárdenas, B / Varner, G / Vasquez, R / Vázquez, J R / Vázquez, R A / Veberič, D / Verzi, V / Vicha, J / Videla, M / Villaseñor, L / Vlcek, B / Vorobiov, S / Wahlberg, H / Wainberg, O / Walz, D / Watson, A A / Weber, M / Weidenhaupt, K / Weindl, A / Welling, C / Werner, F / Widom, A / Wiencke, L / Wilczyński, H / Winchen, T / Wittkowski, D / Wundheiler, B / Wykes, S / Yang, L / Yapici, T / Yushkov, A / Zas, E / Zavrtanik, D / Zavrtanik, M / Zepeda, A / Zimmermann, B / Ziolkowski, M / Zuccarello, F

    Physical review letters

    2016  Volume 116, Issue 24, Page(s) 241101

    Abstract: We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8±0.7(stat)±6.7(syst)   ...

    Abstract We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8±0.7(stat)±6.7(syst)  MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from state-of-the-art first-principles calculations shows agreement with our measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-06-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.241101
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Book ; Online: Nanosecond-level time synchronization of autonomous radio detector stations for extensive air showers

    The Pierre Auger Collaboration / Aab, A. / Abreu, P. / Aglietta, M. / Ahn, E. J. / Samarai, I. Al / Albuquerque, I. F. M. / Allekotte, I. / Allison, P. / Almela, A. / Castillo, J. Alvarez / Alvarez-Muñiz, J. / Batista, R. Alves / Ambrosio, M. / Aminaei, A. / Anastasi, G. A. / Anchordoqui, L. / Andringa, S. / Aramo, C. /
    Arqueros, F. / Arsene, N. / Asorey, H. / Assis, P. / Aublin, J. / Avila, G. / Awal, N. / Badescu, A. M. / Baus, C. / Beatty, J. J. / Becker, K. H. / Bellido, J. A. / Berat, C. / Bertaina, M. E. / Bertou, X. / Biermann, P. L. / Billoir, P. / Blaess, S. G. / Blanco, A. / Blanco, M. / Blazek, J. / Bleve, C. / Blümer, H. / Boháčová, M. / Boncioli, D. / Bonifazi, C. / Borodai, N. / Brack, J. / Brancus, I. / Bretz, T. / Bridgeman, A. / Brogueira, P. / Buchholz, P. / Bueno, A. / Buitink, S. / Buscemi, M. / Caballero-Mora, K. S. / Caccianiga, B. / Caccianiga, L. / Candusso, M. / Caramete, L. / Caruso, R. / Castellina, A. / Cataldi, G. / Cazon, L. / Cester, R. / Chavez, A. G. / Chiavassa, A. / Chinellato, J. A. / Chudoba, J. / Cilmo, M. / Clay, R. W. / Cocciolo, G. / Colalillo, R. / Coleman, A. / Collica, L. / Coluccia, M. R. / Conceição, R. / Contreras, F. / Cooper, M. J. / Cordier, A. / Coutu, S. / Covault, C. E. / Cronin, J. / Dallier, R. / Daniel, B. / Dasso, S. / Daumiller, K. / Dawson, B. R. / de Almeida, R. M. / de Jong, S. J. / De Mauro, G. / Neto, J. R. T. de Mello / De Mitri, I. / de Oliveira, J. / de Souza, V. / del Peral, L. / Deligny, O. / Dhital, N. / Di Giulio, C. / Di Matteo, A. / Diaz, J. C. / Castro, M. L. Díaz / Diogo, F. / Dobrigkeit, C. / Docters, W. / D'Olivo, J. C. / Dorofeev, A. / Hasankiadeh, Q. Dorosti / Anjos, R. C. dos / Dova, M. T. / Ebr, J. / Engel, R. / Erdmann, M. / Erfani, M. / Escobar, C. O. / Eser, J. / Espadanal, J. / Etchegoyen, A. / Falcke, H. / Fang, K. / Farrar, G. / Fauth, A. C. / Fazzini, N. / Ferguson, A. P. / Fick, B. / Figueira, J. M. / Filevich, A. / Filipčič, A. / Fratu, O. / Freire, M. M. / Fujii, T. / García, B. / García-Gámez, D. / Garcia-Pinto, D. / Gate, F. / Gemmeke, H. / Gherghel-Lascu, A. / Ghia, P. L. / Giaccari, U. / Giammarchi, M. / Giller, M. / Głas, D. / Glaser, C. / Glass, H. / Golup, G. / Berisso, M. Gómez / Vitale, P. F. Gómez / González, N. / Gookin, B. / Gordon, J. / Gorgi, A. / Gorham, P. / Gouffon, P. / Griffith, N. / Grillo, A. F. / Grubb, T. D. / Guarino, F. / Guedes, G. P. / Hampel, M. R. / Hansen, P. / Harari, D. / Harrison, T. A. / Hartmann, S. / Harton, J. L. / Haungs, A. / Hebbeker, T. / Heck, D. / Heimann, P. / Hervé, A. E. / Hill, G. C. / Hojvat, C. / Hollon, N. / Holt, E. / Homola, P. / Hörandel, J. R. / Horvath, P. / Hrabovský, M. / Huber, D. / Huege, T. / Insolia, A. / Isar, P. G. / Jandt, I. / Jansen, S. / Jarne, C. / Johnsen, J. A. / Josebachuili, M. / Kääpä, A. / Kambeitz, O. / Kampert, K. H. / Kasper, P. / Katkov, I. / Keilhauer, B. / Kemp, E. / Kieckhafer, R. M. / Klages, H. O. / Kleifges, M. / Kleinfeller, J. / Krause, R. / Krohm, N. / Kuempel, D. / Mezek, G. Kukec / Kunka, N. / Awad, A. W. Kuotb / LaHurd, D. / Lang, A. / Latronico, L. / Lauer, R. / Lauscher, M. / Lautridou, P. / Coz, S. Le / Lebrun, D. / Lebrun, P. / de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui / Letessier-Selvon, A. / Lhenry-Yvon, I. / Link, K. / Lopes, L. / López, R. / Casado, A. López / Louedec, K. / Lucero, A. / Malacari, M. / Mallamaci, M. / Maller, J. / Mandat, D. / Mantsch, P. / Mariazzi, A. G. / Marin, V. / Mariş, I. C. / Marsella, G. / Martello, D. / Martinez, H. / Bravo, O. Martínez / Martraire, D. / Meza, J. J. Masías / Mathes, H. J. / Mathys, S. / Matthews, J. / Matthews, J. A. J. / Matthiae, G. / Maurizio, D. / Mayotte, E. / Mazur, P. O. / Medina, C. / Medina-Tanco, G. / Meissner, R. / Mello, V. B. B. / Melo, D. / Menshikov, A. / Messina, S. / Micheletti, M. I. / Middendorf, L. / Minaya, I. A. / Miramonti, L. / Mitrica, B. / Molina-Bueno, L. / Mollerach, S. / Montanet, F. / Morello, C. / Mostafá, M. / Moura, C. A. / Müller, G. / Muller, M. A. / Müller, S. / Navas, S. / Necesal, P. / Nellen, L. / Nelles, A. / Neuser, J. / Nguyen, P. H. / Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M. / Niechciol, M. / Niemietz, L. / Niggemann, T. / Nitz, D. / Nosek, D. / Novotny, V. / Nožka, L. / Núñez, L. A. / Ochilo, L. / Oikonomou, F. / Olinto, A. / Pacheco, N. / Selmi-Dei, D. Pakk / Palatka, M. / Pallotta, J. / Papenbreer, P. / Parente, G. / Parra, A. / Paul, T. / Pech, M. / Pękala, J. / Pelayo, R. / Pepe, I. M. / Perrone, L. / Petermann, E. / Peters, C. / Petrera, S. / Petrov, Y. / Phuntsok, J. / Piegaia, R. / Pierog, T. / Pieroni, P. / Pimenta, M. / Pirronello, V. / Platino, M. / Plum, M. / Porcelli, A. / Porowski, C. / Prado, R. R. / Privitera, P. / Prouza, M. / Quel, E. J. / Querchfeld, S. / Quinn, S. / Rautenberg, J. / Ravel, O. / Ravignani, D. / Reinert, D. / Revenu, B. / Ridky, J. / Risse, M. / Ristori, P. / Rizi, V. / de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues / Rojo, J. Rodriguez / Rodríguez-Frías, M. D. / Rogozin, D. / Rosado, J. / Roth, M. / Roulet, E. / Rovero, A. C. / Saffi, S. J. / Saftoiu, A. / Salazar, H. / Saleh, A. / Greus, F. Salesa / Salina, G. / Gomez, J. D. Sanabria / Sánchez, F. / Sanchez-Lucas, P. / Santos, E. M. / Santos, E. / Sarazin, F. / Sarkar, B. / Sarmento, R. / Sarmiento-Cano, C. / Sato, R. / Scarso, C. / Schauer, M. / Scherini, V. / Schieler, H. / Schmidt, D. / Scholten, O. / Schoorlemmer, H. / Schovánek, P. / Schröder, F. G. / Schulz, A. / Schulz, J. / Schumacher, J. / Sciutto, S. J. / Segreto, A. / Settimo, M. / Shadkam, A. / Shellard, R. C. / Sigl, G. / Sima, O. / Śmiałkowski, A. / Šmída, R. / Snow, G. R. / Sommers, P. / Sonntag, S. / Sorokin, J. / Squartini, R. / Srivastava, Y. N. / Stanca, D. / Stanič, S. / Stapleton, J. / Stasielak, J. / Stephan, M. / Stutz, A. / Suarez, F. / Durán, M. Suarez / Suomijärvi, T. / Supanitsky, A. D. / Sutherland, M. S. / Swain, J. / Szadkowski, Z. / Taborda, O. A. / Tapia, A. / Tepe, A. / Theodoro, V. M. / Timmermans, C. / Peixoto, C. J. Todero / Toma, G. / Tomankova, L. / Tomé, B. / Tonachini, A. / Elipe, G. Torralba / Machado, D. 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    2015  

    Abstract: To exploit the full potential of radio measurements of cosmic-ray air showers at MHz frequencies, a detector timing synchronization within 1 ns is needed. Large distributed radio detector arrays such as the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) rely on ... ...

    Abstract To exploit the full potential of radio measurements of cosmic-ray air showers at MHz frequencies, a detector timing synchronization within 1 ns is needed. Large distributed radio detector arrays such as the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) rely on timing via the Global Positioning System (GPS) for the synchronization of individual detector station clocks. Unfortunately, GPS timing is expected to have an accuracy no better than about 5 ns. In practice, in particular in AERA, the GPS clocks exhibit drifts on the order of tens of ns. We developed a technique to correct for the GPS drifts, and an independent method is used for cross-checks that indeed we reach nanosecond-scale timing accuracy by this correction. First, we operate a "beacon transmitter" which emits defined sine waves detected by AERA antennas recorded within the physics data. The relative phasing of these sine waves can be used to correct for GPS clock drifts. In addition to this, we observe radio pulses emitted by commercial airplanes, the position of which we determine in real time from Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcasts intercepted with a software-defined radio. From the known source location and the measured arrival times of the pulses we determine relative timing offsets between radio detector stations. We demonstrate with a combined analysis that the two methods give a consistent timing calibration with an accuracy of 2 ns or better. Consequently, the beacon method alone can be used in the future to continuously determine and correct for GPS clock drifts in each individual event measured by AERA.

    Comment: 26 pages. Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI
    Keywords Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ; High Energy Physics - Experiment
    Subject code 333
    Publishing date 2015-12-07
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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