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  1. Article ; Online: Growing mining contribution to Colombian deforestation

    Andrés González-González / Nicola Clerici / Benjamin Quesada

    Environmental Research Letters, Vol 16, Iss 6, p

    2021  Volume 064046

    Abstract: Tropical deforestation is mainly driven by agricultural expansion, land grabbing, illegal logging, urbanization, cattle ranching as well as mining. However, extraction of minerals and its impacts in high biodiversity regions are still poorly known, ... ...

    Abstract Tropical deforestation is mainly driven by agricultural expansion, land grabbing, illegal logging, urbanization, cattle ranching as well as mining. However, extraction of minerals and its impacts in high biodiversity regions are still poorly known, particularly in Colombia, a tropical megadiverse hotspot. Here, using high-resolution datasets of forest cover changes and detailed geospatial mining data for Colombia, we show a growing contribution of legal mining to national deforestation: 3.4% over the 2001–2018 period, with a peak at 5.6% in 2017. During this period, around 121 819 ha have been deforested inside legal mining concessions, and an estimation of over 400 000 ha deforested by both legal and illegal. Gold and coal are the most important legally-mined materials in Colombia associated to deforestation, particularly in the recent years with 511% and 257% tree cover loss increases respectively (average over 2016–2018 compared to 2001–2015 average of mined material deforestation average). Three Colombian departments summed out ∼70% of the national deforestation occurring in legal concessions: in 2018, up to 23% of deforestation in Antioquia was taking place in legal mines (gold producer). Finally, we found that only 1% (respectively, 3%) of the concessions contribute to 60% (>90%) of the legal mining-related deforestation, mainly driven by large clearings to agriculture. Environmental law enforcement, monitoring activities and engaging the mining industry in effective forest conservation and landscape restoration strategies are urgently needed in Colombia for preserving biodiversity and ecosystem services.
    Keywords mining ; biodiversity ; natural resources extraction ; Colombia ; tree loss ; gold ; Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ; TD1-1066 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350 ; Science ; Q ; Physics ; QC1-999
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher IOP Publishing
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Spatial-temporal dynamics of deforestation and its drivers indicate need for locally-adapted environmental governance in Colombia

    Andrés González-González / Juan Camilo Villegas / Nicola Clerici / Juan Fernando Salazar

    Ecological Indicators, Vol 126, Iss , Pp 107695- (2021)

    2021  

    Abstract: Characterizing and managing deforestation are some of the most urgent environmental challenges in the tropics. Forest loss depends on multiple drivers that relate to ecological and socio-economic conditions, and varies significantly in time and space. ... ...

    Abstract Characterizing and managing deforestation are some of the most urgent environmental challenges in the tropics. Forest loss depends on multiple drivers that relate to ecological and socio-economic conditions, and varies significantly in time and space. Understanding the causes and potential consequences of forest loss in a region, requires detailed knowledge of the spatial and temporal behavior of deforestation drivers. This is especially important in Colombia, a country with an immense geographical, ecological and cultural diversity. In this work we use a spatially-explicit modeling platform to identify the influence of multiple deforestation drivers in different biogeographical and planning regions of Colombia. Models were used to produce different deforestation scenarios, resulting in contrasting trends. Results suggest that agricultural activities have a significant role in deforestation in Colombia, although its influence largely varies among regions. Notably, the long-lasting internal conflict in the country, indicated here by a proxy variable, produced contrasting effects on historical deforestation, such that in some areas it acted as an attractor and in some others as a deterrent of deforestation. Our scenarios for the mid-21st century indicate that current trends in deforestation and its drivers (except the internal conflict due to a recent peace agreement) can potentially lead to major ecological impacts, such as fragmentation and loss of connectivity among ecosystems. In the Governance scenario, however, enforcement of conservation in protected areas ensures partial forest conservation, highlighting the key relevance of these areas for biodiversity conservation in the country and for controlling the expansion of deforestation. Given the high spatial and temporal variability of deforestation, and that the same drivers can lead to different responses in different geographic areas, decision-making needs a more efficient approach for designing locally-adapted measurements to face current challenges of ...
    Keywords Forest loss ; Deforestation modeling ; Biodiversity conservation ; Dinamica EGO ; Land transformation ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Effects of Oil Phase on the Inversion of Pickering Emulsions Stabilized by Palmitic Acid Decorated Silica Nanoparticles

    Andrés González-González / Natalia Sánchez-Arribas / Eva Santini / José Luis Rodríguez-Villafuerte / Carlo Carbone / Francesca Ravera / Francisco Ortega / Libero Liggieri / Ramón G. Rubio / Eduardo Guzmán

    Colloids and Interfaces, Vol 6, Iss 27, p

    2022  Volume 27

    Abstract: Pickering emulsions stabilized by the interaction of palmitic acid (PA) and silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) at the water/oil interface have been studied using different alkane oil phases. The interaction of palmitic acid and SiNPs has a strong synergistic ... ...

    Abstract Pickering emulsions stabilized by the interaction of palmitic acid (PA) and silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) at the water/oil interface have been studied using different alkane oil phases. The interaction of palmitic acid and SiNPs has a strong synergistic character in relation to the emulsion stabilization, leading to an enhanced emulsion stability in relation to that stabilized only by the fatty acid. This results from the formation of fatty acid-nanoparticle complexes driven by hydrogen bond interactions, which favor particle attachment at the fluid interface, creating a rigid armor that minimizes droplet coalescence. The comparison of emulsions obtained using different alkanes as the oil phase has shown that the hydrophobic mismatch between the length of the alkane chain and the C16 hydrophobic chain of PA determines the nature of the emulsions, with the solubility of the fatty acid in the oil phase being a very important driving force governing the appearance of phase inversion.
    Keywords emulsions ; fatty acid ; hydrophobic mismatch ; phase inversion ; Pickering ; silica nanoparticles ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 540
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Perfil de sensibilidade antimicrobiana de bacterias isoladas de leite de vacas com mastite em propriedades de agricultura familiar

    Allana Lais Alves Lima / Andrea Viana da Cruz / Camilo Andres Gonzalez Gonzalez / Elton Alex Correa Silva / Maura Cardoso de Souza / Hellen Krislen Souza Lima / Marcos Benedito Castro Reis / Regiane Ribeiro da Costa / Ana Lídia Brito Oliveira / Iroleide Santana de Jesus / José Alcides Sarmento da Silveira / Natália da Silva e Silva Silveira

    Research, Society and Development, Vol 9, Iss

    2020  Volume 11

    Abstract: O objetivo deste trabalho foi pesquisar a etiologia e o perfil de sensibilidade de bactérias Gram positivas isoladas do leite de vacas com mastite. Foram analisadas amostras de leite provenientes da comunidade Nova Jerusalém, situada no município de ... ...

    Abstract O objetivo deste trabalho foi pesquisar a etiologia e o perfil de sensibilidade de bactérias Gram positivas isoladas do leite de vacas com mastite. Foram analisadas amostras de leite provenientes da comunidade Nova Jerusalém, situada no município de Paragominas, Região Sudeste do estado do Pará. Do total de 24 amostras coletadas, 24,56% dos isolados foram identificados como Staphylococcus aureus, 14,03% como Staphylococcus coagulase-negativa e 3,51% Streptococcus spp. Os Staphylococcus aureus apresentaram sensibilidade à ceftiofur, enrofloxacina, estreptomicina, neomicina e norfloxacina e maior resistência à bacitracina, penicilina G e sulfonamidas, já as amostras de Staphylococcus coagulase-negativa, mostraram-se sensíveis aos antimicrobianos cefalotina, ceftiofur, enrofloxacina, estreptomicina e norfloxacina, e demostrou maior resistência à bacitracina e lincomicina, enquanto que nas amostras que foram isoladas Streptococcus spp., observaram-se maiores percentuais de sensibilidade frente a cefalotina, ceftiofur, gentamicina e norfloxacina, e maior resistência a bacitracina e penicilina G. Os resultados obtidos podem estar relacionados ao fato de os antimicrobianos que apresentaram maior eficácia não serem empregados rotineiramente no tratamento dos animais estudados, principalmente por terem um valor de mercado mais alto, em relação aos que obtiveram maior resistência microbiana.
    Keywords Agricultura familiar ; Rebanhos leiteiros ; Úbere ; ; Special aspects of education ; LC8-6691 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social Sciences ; H
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Grupo de Pesquisa Metodologias em Ensino e Aprendizagem em Ciências
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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