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  1. Article ; Online: Investigating the Influence of Box-Constraints on the Solution of a Total Variation Model via an Efficient Primal-Dual Method

    Andreas Langer

    Journal of Imaging, Vol 4, Iss 1, p

    2018  Volume 12

    Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the usefulness of adding a box-constraint to the minimization of functionals consisting of a data-fidelity term and a total variation regularization term. In particular, we show that in certain applications an additional box- ...

    Abstract In this paper, we investigate the usefulness of adding a box-constraint to the minimization of functionals consisting of a data-fidelity term and a total variation regularization term. In particular, we show that in certain applications an additional box-constraint does not effect the solution at all, i.e., the solution is the same whether a box-constraint is used or not. On the contrary, i.e., for applications where a box-constraint may have influence on the solution, we investigate how much it effects the quality of the restoration, especially when the regularization parameter, which weights the importance of the data term and the regularizer, is chosen suitable. In particular, for such applications, we consider the case of a squared L 2 data-fidelity term. For computing a minimizer of the respective box-constrained optimization problems a primal-dual semi-smooth Newton method is presented, which guarantees superlinear convergence.
    Keywords box-constrained total variation minimization ; semi-smooth Newton ; image reconstruction ; automated parameter selection ; Photography ; TR1-1050 ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
    Subject code 519
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Automatic muscle impedance and nerve analyzer (AMINA) as a novel approach for classifying bioimpedance signals in intraoperative pelvic neuromonitoring

    Ramona Schuler / Andreas Langer / Christoph Marquardt / Georgi Kalev / Maximilian Meisinger / Julia Bandura / Thomas Schiedeck / Matthias Goos / Albert Vette / Marko Konschake

    Scientific Reports, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2024  Volume 15

    Abstract: Abstract Frequent complications arising from low anterior resections include urinary and fecal incontinence, as well as sexual disorders, which are commonly associated with damage to the pelvic autonomic nerves during surgery. To assist the surgeon in ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Frequent complications arising from low anterior resections include urinary and fecal incontinence, as well as sexual disorders, which are commonly associated with damage to the pelvic autonomic nerves during surgery. To assist the surgeon in preserving pelvic autonomic nerves, a novel approach for intraoperative pelvic neuromonitoring was investigated that is based on impedance measurements of the innervated organs. The objective of this work was to develop an algorithm called AMINA to classify the bioimpedance signals, with the goal of facilitating signal interpretation for the surgeon. Thirty patients included in a clinical investigation underwent nerve-preserving robotic rectal surgery using intraoperative pelvic neuromonitoring. Contraction of the urinary bladder and/or rectum, triggered by direct stimulation of the innervating nerves, resulted in a change in tissue impedance signal, allowing the nerves to be identified and preserved. Impedance signal characteristics in the time domain and the time–frequency domain were calculated and classified to develop the AMINA. Stimulation-induced positive impedance changes were statistically significantly different from negative stimulation responses by the percent amplitude of impedance change Amax in the time domain. Positive impedance changes and artifacts were distinguished by classifying wavelet scales resulting from peak detection in the continuous wavelet transform scalogram, which allowed implementation of a decision tree underlying the AMINA. The sensitivity of the software-based signal evaluation by the AMINA was 96.3%, whereas its specificity was 91.2%. This approach streamlines and automates the interpretation of impedance signals during intraoperative pelvic neuromonitoring.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Social Innovations as Opportunities

    Johannes Eurich / Andreas Langer

    Diaconia, Vol 7, Iss 2, Pp 174-

    How Can Innovations in Social Services Be Stimulated and Managed?

    2016  Volume 190

    Abstract: Pending challenges like demographic changes require new solutions in social welfare systems. This article focuses on innovations in the social field and presents the findings of the European research project “Innoserv – Social Platform on Innovative ... ...

    Abstract Pending challenges like demographic changes require new solutions in social welfare systems. This article focuses on innovations in the social field and presents the findings of the European research project “Innoserv – Social Platform on Innovative Social Services.” Innovation in social services is defined by the implementation and diffusion of new practices in four dimensions (object, time, social dimension, and sustainability). Based on this concept as well as on empirical findings, we identified seven innovation trends with regard to products, organizational processes and institutional frameworks. In light of these trends, the question is how innovations can be implemented into an organization through social management. Social innovations are often initiated by strategic alliances and need to be transferable, because they are bound to local contexts and rely on the help of external experts. “Agents of change” are decisive for promoting social innovations. The key task is to integrate all these actors into a (management) framework that allows for innovations to be developed.
    Keywords social innovations ; innovation management ; trends in social innovations ; framework conditions ; innoserv ; Practical Theology ; BV1-5099 ; Social Sciences ; H
    Subject code 300
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Verlage
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Increased Reactive Oxygen Species Generation Contributes to the Atherogenic Activity of the B2 Bradykinin Receptor

    Alexander Perhal / Stefan Wolf / Yahya F. Jamous / Andreas Langer / Joshua Abd Alla / Ursula Quitterer

    Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

    2019  Volume 6

    Abstract: Atherosclerosis and ensuing cardiovascular disease are major causes of death with insufficient treatment options. In search for pathomechanisms of atherosclerosis, we investigated the impact of the B2 bradykinin receptor, Bdkrb2, on atherosclerotic ... ...

    Abstract Atherosclerosis and ensuing cardiovascular disease are major causes of death with insufficient treatment options. In search for pathomechanisms of atherosclerosis, we investigated the impact of the B2 bradykinin receptor, Bdkrb2, on atherosclerotic lesion formation, because to date it is not clear whether the B2 bradykinin receptor is atheroprotective or atherogenic. As a model of atherosclerosis, we used hypercholesterolemic ApoE-deficient (apolipoprotein E-deficient) mice, which develop atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta with increasing age. The role of Bdkrb2 in atherosclerosis was studied in ApoE-deficient mice, which were either Bdkrb2-deficient, or had moderately increased aortic B2 bradykinin receptor protein levels induced by transgenic BDKRB2 expression under control of the ubiquitous CMV promoter. We found that Bdkrb2 deficiency led to a significantly decreased atherosclerotic plaque area whereas transgenic BDKRB2 expression enhanced atherosclerotic lesion formation in the aorta of ApoE-deficient mice at an age of 8 months. Concomitantly, the aortic content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was higher in BDKRB2-expressing mice whereas Bdkrb2 deficiency decreased aortic ROS levels of ApoE-deficient mice. In addition, aortic nitrate as a marker of nitric oxide activity and the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) co-factor, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) were reduced in BDKRB2-expressing ApoE-deficient mice. The decreased aortic BH4 content could be a consequence of increased ROS generation and down-regulated aortic expression of the BH4-synthesizing enzyme, Gch1 (GTP cyclohydrolase 1). In agreement with a causal involvement of decreased BH4 levels in the atherogenic function of BDKRB2, we found that treatment with the BH4 analog, sapropterin, significantly retarded atherosclerotic plaque formation in BDKRB2-expressing ApoE-deficient mice. Together our data show that the B2 bradykinin receptor is atherogenic, and the atherosclerosis-promoting function of BDKRB2 is partially caused by decreased aortic BH4 ...
    Keywords BDKRB2 ; reactive oxygen species ; atherosclerosis ; hypercholesterolemia ; GCH1 ; Apoe ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: switchSENSE: A new technology to study protein-RNA interactions

    Cléry, Antoine / Andreas Langer / Frédéric H.T. Allain / Thibault J.M. Sohier / Thomas Welte

    Methods. 2017 Apr. 15, v. 118-119

    2017  

    Abstract: Characterization of RNA-binding protein interactions with RNA became inevitable to properly understand the cellular mechanisms involved in gene expression regulation. Structural investigations bring information at the atomic level on these interactions ... ...

    Abstract Characterization of RNA-binding protein interactions with RNA became inevitable to properly understand the cellular mechanisms involved in gene expression regulation. Structural investigations bring information at the atomic level on these interactions and complementary methods such as Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) are commonly used to quantify the affinity of these RNA-protein complexes and evaluate the effect of mutations affecting these interactions. The switchSENSE technology has recently been developed and already successfully used to investigate protein interactions with different types of binding partners (DNA, protein/peptide or even small molecules). In this study, we show that this method is also well suited to study RNA binding proteins (RBPs). We could successfully investigate the binding to RNA of three different RBPs (Fox-1, SRSF1 and Tra2-β1) and obtained KD values very close to the ones determined previously by SPR or ITC for these complexes. These results show that the switchSENSE technology can be used as an alternative method to study protein-RNA interactions with KD values in the low micromolar (10−6) to nanomolar (10−7–10−9) and probably picomolar (10−10–10−12) range. The absence of labelling requirement for the analyte molecules and the use of very low amounts of protein and RNA molecules make the switchSENSE approach very attractive compared to other methods. Finally, we discuss about the potential of this approach in obtaining more sophisticated information such as structural conformational changes upon RBP binding to RNA.
    Keywords calorimetry ; chemical elements ; DNA ; gene expression regulation ; mutation ; RNA ; RNA-binding proteins ; surface plasmon resonance ; technology ; titration
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-0415
    Size p. 137-145.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1066584-5
    ISSN 1095-9130 ; 1046-2023
    ISSN (online) 1095-9130
    ISSN 1046-2023
    DOI 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.03.004
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: ACE Inhibition with Captopril Retards the Development of Signs of Neurodegeneration in an Animal Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

    Ursula Quitterer / Said AbdAlla / Xuebin Fu / Andreas Langer

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 14, Iss 8, Pp 16917-

    2013  Volume 16942

    Abstract: Increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a significant pathological feature in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Experimental evidence indicates that inhibition of brain ROS could be beneficial in slowing the ... ...

    Abstract Increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a significant pathological feature in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Experimental evidence indicates that inhibition of brain ROS could be beneficial in slowing the neurodegenerative process triggered by amyloid-beta (Abeta) aggregates. The angiotensin II AT1 receptor is a significant source of brain ROS, and AD patients have an increased brain angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) level, which could account for an excessive angiotensin-dependent AT1-induced ROS generation. Therefore, we analyzed the impact of ACE inhibition on signs of neurodegeneration of aged Tg2576 mice as a transgenic animal model of AD. Whole genome microarray gene expression profiling and biochemical analyses demonstrated that the centrally active ACE inhibitor captopril normalized the excessive hippocampal ACE activity of AD mice. Concomitantly, the development of signs of neurodegeneration was retarded by six months of captopril treatment. The neuroprotective profile triggered by captopril was accompanied by reduced amyloidogenic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), and decreased hippocampal ROS, which is known to enhance Abeta generation by increased activation of beta- and gamma-secretases. Taken together, our data present strong evidence that ACE inhibition with a widely used cardiovascular drug could interfere with Abeta-dependent neurodegeneration.
    Keywords Alzheimer’s disease ; amyloid precursor protein ; angiotensin-converting enzyme ; AT1 receptor ; captopril ; neurodegeneration ; Tg2576 mouse model ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Essays and Reports from Practice

    Tony Addy / Laura Jones / Johannes Eurich / Andreas Langer / Niall Cooper / Janka Adameova

    Diaconia, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 99-

    2013  Volume 114

    Keywords Practical Theology ; BV1-5099 ; Social Sciences ; H
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Verlage
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Potent neutralization of clinical isolates of SARS-CoV-2 D614 and G614 variants by a monomeric, sub-nanomolar affinity nanobody

    Guillermo Valenzuela Nieto / Ronald Jara / Daniel Watterson / Naphak Modhiran / Alberto A. Amarilla / Johanna Himelreichs / Alexander A. Khromykh / Constanza Salinas-Rebolledo / Teresa Pinto / Yorka Cheuquemilla / Yago Margolles / Natalia López González del Rey / Zaray Miranda-Chacon / Alexei Cuevas / Anne Berking / Camila Deride / Sebastián González-Moraga / Héctor Mancilla / Daniel Maturana /
    Andreas Langer / Juan Pablo Toledo / Ananda Müller / Benjamín Uberti / Paola Krall / Pamela Ehrenfeld / Javier Blesa / Pedro Chana-Cuevas / German Rehren / David Schwefel / Luis Ángel Fernandez / Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez

    Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 14

    Abstract: Abstract Despite unprecedented global efforts to rapidly develop SARS-CoV-2 treatments, in order to reduce the burden placed on health systems, the situation remains critical. Effective diagnosis, treatment, and prophylactic measures are urgently ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Despite unprecedented global efforts to rapidly develop SARS-CoV-2 treatments, in order to reduce the burden placed on health systems, the situation remains critical. Effective diagnosis, treatment, and prophylactic measures are urgently required to meet global demand: recombinant antibodies fulfill these requirements and have marked clinical potential. Here, we describe the fast-tracked development of an alpaca Nanobody specific for the receptor-binding-domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein with potential therapeutic applicability. We present a rapid method for nanobody isolation that includes an optimized immunization regimen coupled with VHH library E. coli surface display, which allows single-step selection of Nanobodies using a simple density gradient centrifugation of the bacterial library. The selected single and monomeric Nanobody, W25, binds to the SARS-CoV-2 S RBD with sub-nanomolar affinity and efficiently competes with ACE-2 receptor binding. Furthermore, W25 potently neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 wild type and the D614G variant with IC50 values in the nanomolar range, demonstrating its potential as antiviral agent.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Essays and Reports from Practice

    Tony Addy / Jindrich Halama / Johannes Eurich / Andreas Langer / Teemu Pauha / Eva-Sibylle Vogel-Mphato / Jana Adameova

    Diaconia, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 97-

    2012  Volume 112

    Keywords Practical Theology ; BV1-5099 ; Social Sciences ; H
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Verlage
    Document type Article ; Online
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