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Article ; Online: Grid-connected cabin preheating of Electric Vehicles in cold climates - A non-flexible share of the EV energy use

Lekang Sørensen, Åse / Ludvigsen, Bjørn / Andresen, Inger

Applied Energy. 2023, p.121054-

2023 , Page(s) 121054–

Abstract: The number of EVs is increasing globally. In cold climates, it is generally recommended to use electricity from the grid to preheat the EV cabin before using the car, to extend driving ranges, to ensure comfort, and for safety. A majority of such ... ...

Abstract	The number of EVs is increasing globally. In cold climates, it is generally recommended to use electricity from the grid to preheat the EV cabin before using the car, to extend driving ranges, to ensure comfort, and for safety. A majority of such preheating sessions are happening in the morning hours during the winter, when there is also a high demand for other energy use. It is thus important to understand the power loads for grid-connected preheating of EV cabins. This work presents an experimental study, with 51 preheating sessions of five typical EV models during different outdoor temperatures. The results of the study showed that during the preheating sessions, most of the EVs had a power use of between 3 and 8 kW initially, which was reduced to about 2 to 4 kW after a 10 to 20 minutes initial period. For most of the sessions, the preheating lasted between 15 and 45 minutes. The preheating energy use was found to be up to 2 kWh for most EVs, with a maximum of 5 kWh. Multiple linear regression models were developed, to investigate the relationship between various variables and the energy use for preheating. Finally, hourly energy loads for EV cabin preheating were compared to other energy loads in apartment buildings. The power and energy loads for preheating EV cabins are affected by a number of parameters, such as the specific EV, charge point, preheating duration, temperature levels, and user habits.
Keywords	cold ; electricity ; energy ; regression analysis ; temperature ; winter ; Electric vehicles ; Low temperature ; Cabin preheating ; Power monitoring ; Multiple linear regression ; Non-flexible energy load
Language	English
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Pre-press version ; Use and reproduction
ZDB-ID	2000772-3
ISSN	0306-2619
ISSN	0306-2619
DOI	10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121054
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Energy performance and scenario analyses of a multistorey apartment building in Norway

Trulsrud Tonje Healey / Andresen Inger / Gaitani Niki

E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 362, p

2022 Volume 10004

Abstract: Plus Energy Buildings are perceived as a strategy in the energy transition and to promote decarbonization of the building stock. This paper presents the design development of a plus energy demonstration project based on building performance simulations ... ...

Abstract	Plus Energy Buildings are perceived as a strategy in the energy transition and to promote decarbonization of the building stock. This paper presents the design development of a plus energy demonstration project based on building performance simulations performed with IDA-ICE for energy strategies and future scenarios. The objective of the design strategies was to reduce the primary energy consumption, while ensuring a satisfactory indoor environment. Future scenarios for climate change, user behavior, and energy flexibility were developed to analyze the impact on the building's energy performance. Results from the analyses reveal the expected building performance with respect to energy and indoor environment standards, and robustness with respect to meeting the standards under different scenarios for occupant behavior and climate conditions. According to the simulation results, the building design is robust and can adapt to changes in exterior conditions.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	690
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Energy flexibility potential of domestic hot water systems in apartment buildings

Sørensen Åse Lekang / Walnum Harald Taxt / Sartori Igor / Andresen Inger

E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 246, p

2021 Volume 11005

Abstract: Domestic Hot Water (DHW) storage tanks are identified as a main source of flexible energy use in buildings. As a basis for energy management in apartment buildings, this paper describes the aggregated DHW use in a case building, and analyses the ... ...

Abstract	Domestic Hot Water (DHW) storage tanks are identified as a main source of flexible energy use in buildings. As a basis for energy management in apartment buildings, this paper describes the aggregated DHW use in a case building, and analyses the potential for DHW energy flexibility by simulating different control options. The case study for the work is an apartment building in Oslo with 56 apartments and a shared DHW system. Energy measurements are available for consumed hot water, hot water circulation, and energy supplied to the DHW tanks. The measurements are presented with minute, hourly and daily values. Aggregated daily energy use for the consumed hot water is in average 362 kWh, while the energy supplied is 555 kWh. The potential for energy flexibility is analysed for a base case and for four different rule-based control options: Power limitation, Spot price savings, Flexibility sale and Solar energy. Economic consequences of the control options are compared. With the Norwegian tariff structure, maximum hourly power use has the main impact on the cost. Control systems that aim to reduce the maximum power use may be combined with spot price savings or to offer end-user flexibility services to the grid.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	690
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Residential electric vehicle charging datasets from apartment buildings.

Sørensen, Åse Lekang / Lindberg, Karen Byskov / Sartori, Igor / Andresen, Inger

Data in brief

2021 Volume 36, Page(s) 107105

Abstract: This data article refers to the paper "Analysis of residential EV energy flexibility potential based on real-world charging reports and smart meter data" [1]. The reported datasets deal with residential electric vehicle (EV) charging in apartment ... ...

Abstract	This data article refers to the paper "Analysis of residential EV energy flexibility potential based on real-world charging reports and smart meter data" [1]. The reported datasets deal with residential electric vehicle (EV) charging in apartment buildings. Several datasets are provided, with different levels of detail, aiming to serve various needs. The paper provides real-world EV charging reports describing 6,878 charging sessions registered by 97 user IDs, from December 2018 to January 2020. The charging reports include identifiers, plug-in time, plug-out time and charged energy for the sessions. Synthetic charging loads are provided with hourly resolution, assuming charging power 3.6 kW or 7.2 kW and immediate charging after plug-in. The non-charging idle time reflects the flexibility potential for the charging session, with synthetic idle capacity as the energy which could potentially have been charged during the idle times. Synthetic hourly charging loads and idle capacity are provided both for individual users, and aggregated for users with private or shared charge points. For a main garage with 33% of the charging sessions, smart meter data and synthetic charging loads are available, with aggregated values each hour. Finally, local hourly traffic density in 5 nearby traffic locations is provided, for further work related to the correlation with plug-in/plug-out times. Researchers, energy analysts, charge point operators, building owners and policy makers can benefit from the datasets and analyses, serving to increase the knowledge of residential EV charging. The data provides valuable insight into residential charging, useful for e.g. forecasting energy loads and flexibility, planning and modelling activities.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-28
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2786545-9
ISSN	2352-3409 ; 2352-3409
ISSN (online)	2352-3409
ISSN	2352-3409
DOI	10.1016/j.dib.2021.107105
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Residential electric vehicle charging datasets from apartment buildings

Sørensen, Åse Lekang / Lindberg, Karen Byskov / Sartori, Igor / Andresen, Inger

Data in Brief. 2021 June, v. 36

2021

Abstract	This data article refers to the paper "Analysis of residential EV energy flexibility potential based on real-world charging reports and smart meter data" [1]. The reported datasets deal with residential electric vehicle (EV) charging in apartment buildings. Several datasets are provided, with different levels of detail, aiming to serve various needs. The paper provides real-world EV charging reports describing 6,878 charging sessions registered by 97 user IDs, from December 2018 to January 2020. The charging reports include identifiers, plug-in time, plug-out time and charged energy for the sessions. Synthetic charging loads are provided with hourly resolution, assuming charging power 3.6 kW or 7.2 kW and immediate charging after plug-in. The non-charging idle time reflects the flexibility potential for the charging session, with synthetic idle capacity as the energy which could potentially have been charged during the idle times. Synthetic hourly charging loads and idle capacity are provided both for individual users, and aggregated for users with private or shared charge points. For a main garage with 33% of the charging sessions, smart meter data and synthetic charging loads are available, with aggregated values each hour. Finally, local hourly traffic density in 5 nearby traffic locations is provided, for further work related to the correlation with plug-in/plug-out times. Researchers, energy analysts, charge point operators, building owners and policy makers can benefit from the datasets and analyses, serving to increase the knowledge of residential EV charging. The data provides valuable insight into residential charging, useful for e.g. forecasting energy loads and flexibility, planning and modelling activities.
Keywords	data collection ; electric vehicles ; energy ; issues and policy ; traffic
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-06
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2786545-9
ISSN	2352-3409
ISSN	2352-3409
DOI	10.1016/j.dib.2021.107105
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Children with congenital limb deficiency in Norway: issues related to school life and health-related quality of life. A cross-sectional study.

Johansen, Heidi / Dammann, Brede / Øinæs Andersen, Liv / Andresen, Inger-Lise

Disability and rehabilitation

2016 Volume 38, Issue 18, Page(s) 1803–1810

Abstract: Purpose: To describe clinical features, issues related to school life and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for children with congenital limb deficiency (CLD) and compare these children to Norwegian school children on HRQOL.: Method: Cross- ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To describe clinical features, issues related to school life and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for children with congenital limb deficiency (CLD) and compare these children to Norwegian school children on HRQOL. Method: Cross-sectional study. In 2010, a postal questionnaire, designed for this study and the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), was sent to 154 eligible parents of children with CLD, aged 6-18 years and registered at TRS National Resource Centre for Rare Disorders in Norway. Results: Response rate 44% (n = 67), median age 11 years, 42% were girls. Of the total group, 46 had unilateral upper limb deficiency (UULD) and 21 had multiple/lower limb deficiency (MLD/LLD). The most common UULD was below-elbow deficiency, of these, 65% used grip-improving devices, and 35% used prostheses. Children with UULD-reported PedsQL score similar to Norwegian schoolchildren (NSC). The MLD/LLD group was heterogeneous; most had below-elbow/knee deficiency. In this group, PedsQL scores were reduced for physical and social functioning compared with NSC. Compared with children with UULD, more children with MLD/LLD were restricted in participation because of pain and fewer participated in physical education with peers. Conclusions: Most children with CLD participated with their peers and managed well in everyday life. Children with MLD/LLD seemed to have more challenges than children with UULD. Approximately one-third of all the children had assistive devices and/or practical assistance in school. Implications for Rehabilitation Most children with upper-limb deficiency (UULD) in Norway manage well in everyday life and have HRQOL equal to other Norwegian children. Many choose grip-improving devices instead of prostheses. Their preferences should be respected and taken into account as the need for new assistive devices arise. For children with pronounced disabilities, access to, and use of, assistive devices, adaptions and practical assistance may be important for participation. Cooperation with the child and the parents is necessary to find useful measures. Physical education and practical subjects may provide special challenges, both for children and their teachers. Children themselves often find good solutions and the tasks should be planned ahead in cooperation with them.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1104775-6
ISSN	1464-5165 ; 0963-8288
ISSN (online)	1464-5165
ISSN	0963-8288
DOI	10.3109/09638288.2015.1107770
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Conference proceedings: North Sun '92

Andresen, Inger

solar energy at high latitudes, June 24 - 26, 1992, Trondheim, Norway ; proceedings of the 5th international conference

1992

Institution	SINTEF Architecture and Building Technology
Event/congress	North Sun Conference (5, 1992.06.24-26, Trondheim)
Author's details	Ed.: Inger Andresen ... SINTEF Architecture and Building Technology
Language	English
Size	536 S, graph. Darst
Publishing place	Trondheim
Document type	Book ; Conference proceedings
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Article ; Online: Health-related quality of life for children with rare diagnoses, their parents' satisfaction with life and the association between the two.

Johansen, Heidi / Dammann, Brede / Andresen, Inger-Lise / Fagerland, Morten Wang

Health and quality of life outcomes

2013 Volume 11, Page(s) 152

Abstract: Purpose: To examine children's health-related quality of life and parents' satisfaction with life and explore the association between the two in families where a child has a rare disorder.: Methods: We used a cross-sectional study design. A ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To examine children's health-related quality of life and parents' satisfaction with life and explore the association between the two in families where a child has a rare disorder. Methods: We used a cross-sectional study design. A questionnaire was sent to parents of 439 school children (6-18 years) with congenital rare disorders. Children's health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was examined by Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM 4.0 (PedsQL) Norwegian version. Satisfaction with life was examined by Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Results: The response rate was 48% (n = 209). The average age of the children was 12 years and 50% were girls. The parents scored their children with reduced physical, emotional, social and school functioning. The reductions were greatest in the physical area. Parents scored average to high on SWLS but significantly lower than the general Norwegian population. There was a positive association between parental SWLS and the children's social functioning and school functioning. Conclusion: Children with congenital, rare disorders often require assistance from many parts of the public service system. Caring for their physical needs should not conflict with their educational and social needs. It is important that the children's school-life is organized so that the diagnosis does not interfere with the children's education and social life more than necessary.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disabled Children ; Education ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Norway ; Parents/psychology ; Personal Satisfaction ; Quality of Life ; Rare Diseases/congenital ; Social Participation ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-09-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1477-7525
ISSN (online)	1477-7525
DOI	10.1186/1477-7525-11-152
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Health status of adults with Short Stature

Naess Eva E / Andresen Inger-Lise / Johansen Heidi / Hagen Kare

Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, Vol 2, Iss 1, p

A comparison with the normal population and one well-known chronic disease (Rheumatoid Arthritis)

2007 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract Background To examine the subjective health status of adults with short stature (ShSt) and compare with the general population (GP) and one well-known chronic disease, rheumatoid artritis (RA). In addition, to explore the association between age, ...

Abstract	Abstract Background To examine the subjective health status of adults with short stature (ShSt) and compare with the general population (GP) and one well-known chronic disease, rheumatoid artritis (RA). In addition, to explore the association between age, gender, height, educational level and different aspects of health status of adults with short stature. Methods A questionnaire was mailed to 72 subjects with short stature registered in the database of a Norwegian resource centre for rare disorders, response rate 61% (n = 44, age 16–61). Health status was assessed with SF-36 version 2. Comparison was done with age and gender matched samples from the general population in Norway (n = 264) and from subjects with RA (n = 88). Results The ShSt sample reported statistically significant impaired health status in all SF-36 subscales compared with the GP sample, most in the physical functioning, Mean Difference (MD) 34 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 25–44). The ShSt reported poorer health status in mental health, MD 11 (95% CI 4–18) and social functioning, MD 11 (95% CI 2–20) but better in role physical MD 13 (95% CI 1–25) than the RA sample. On the other subscales there were minor difference between the ShSt and the RA sample. Within the short stature group there was a significant association between age and all SF-36 physical subcales, height was significantly associated with physical functioning while level of education was significantly associated with mental health. Conclusion People with short stature reported impaired health status in all SF-36 subscales indicating that they have health problems that influence their daily living. Health status seems to decline with increasing age, and earlier than in the general population.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Health status of adults with short stature: a comparison with the normal population and one well-known chronic disease (rheumatoid arthritis).

Johansen, Heidi / Andresen, Inger-Lise / Naess, Eva E / Hagen, Kare Birger

Orphanet journal of rare diseases

2007 Volume 2, Page(s) 10

Abstract: Background: To examine the subjective health status of adults with short stature (ShSt) and compare with the general population (GP) and one well-known chronic disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In addition, to explore the association between age, ... ...

Abstract	Background: To examine the subjective health status of adults with short stature (ShSt) and compare with the general population (GP) and one well-known chronic disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In addition, to explore the association between age, gender, height, educational level and different aspects of health status of adults with short stature. Methods: A questionnaire was mailed to 72 subjects with short stature registered in the database of a Norwegian resource centre for rare disorders, response rate 61% (n = 44, age 16-61). Health status was assessed with SF-36 version 2. Comparison was done with age and gender matched samples from the general population in Norway (n = 264) and from subjects with RA (n = 88). Results: The ShSt sample reported statistically significant impaired health status in all SF-36 subscales compared with the GP sample, most in the physical functioning, Mean Difference (MD) 34 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 25-44). The ShSt reported poorer health status in mental health, MD 11 (95% CI 4-18) and social functioning, MD 11 (95% CI 2-20) but better in role physical MD 13 (95% CI 1-25) than the RA sample. On the other subscales there were minor difference between the ShSt and the RA sample. Within the short stature group there was a significant association between age and all SF-36 physical subcales, height was significantly associated with physical functioning while level of education was significantly associated with mental health. Conclusion: People with short stature reported impaired health status in all SF-36 subscales indicating that they have health problems that influence their daily living. Health status seems to decline with increasing age, and earlier than in the general population.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/epidemiology ; Body Height ; Comorbidity ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Growth Disorders/epidemiology ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Health/statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Norway/epidemiology ; Regression Analysis ; Sex Distribution ; Socioeconomic Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-02-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1750-1172
ISSN (online)	1750-1172
DOI	10.1186/1750-1172-2-10
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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