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  1. Article ; Online: Noradrenergic receptor activation alters the migration and distribution of interneurons in the developing neocortex (commentary on Riccio et al.).

    Andrews, William D / Parnavelas, John G

    The European journal of neuroscience

    2012  Volume 36, Issue 7, Page(s) 2877–2878

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Movement ; Cerebral Cortex/embryology ; Interneurons/physiology ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Adra2a protein, mouse ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-10
    Publishing country France
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645180-9
    ISSN 1460-9568 ; 0953-816X
    ISSN (online) 1460-9568
    ISSN 0953-816X
    DOI 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.08274.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book: Basic federal income taxation

    Andrews, William D / Wiedenbeck, Peter J

    (Aspen casebook series)

    2015  

    Author's details William D. Andrews, Eli Goldston Professor of Law Emeritus, Harvard University; Peter J. Wiedenbeck, Joseph H. Zumbalen Professor of the Law of Property, Washington University School of Law
    Series title Aspen casebook series
    Keywords Income tax/Law and legislation ; Einkommensteuer ; USA
    Language English
    Size XXIV, 1283 S.
    Edition 7. ed.
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer
    Publishing place New York, NY
    Document type Book
    Note Includes bibliographical references and index
    ISBN 9781454824985 ; 9781454848004 ; 1454824980 ; 1454848006
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  3. Article ; Online: Cadherin 8 regulates proliferation of cortical interneuron progenitors.

    Memi, Fani / Killen, Abigail C / Barber, Melissa / Parnavelas, John G / Andrews, William D

    Brain structure & function

    2018  Volume 224, Issue 1, Page(s) 277–292

    Abstract: Cortical interneurons are born in the ventral forebrain and migrate tangentially in two streams at the levels of the intermediate zone (IZ) and the pre-plate/marginal zone to the developing cortex where they switch to radial migration before settling in ... ...

    Abstract Cortical interneurons are born in the ventral forebrain and migrate tangentially in two streams at the levels of the intermediate zone (IZ) and the pre-plate/marginal zone to the developing cortex where they switch to radial migration before settling in their final positions in the cortical plate. In a previous attempt to identify the molecules that regulate stream specification, we performed transcriptomic analysis of GFP-labelled interneurons taken from the two migratory streams during corticogenesis. A number of cadherins were found to be expressed differentially, with Cadherin-8 (Cdh8) selectively present in the IZ stream. We verified this expression pattern at the mRNA and protein levels on tissue sections and found approximately half of the interneurons of the IZ expressed Cdh8. Furthermore, this cadherin was also detected in the germinal zones of the subpallium, suggesting that it might be involved not only in the migration of interneurons but also in their generation. Quantitative analysis of cortical interneurons in animals lacking the cadherin at E18.5 revealed a significant increase in their numbers. Subsequent functional in vitro experiments showed that blocking Cdh8 function led to increased cell proliferation, with the opposite results observed with over-expression, supporting its role in interneuron generation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Apoptosis ; COS Cells ; Cadherins/deficiency ; Cadherins/genetics ; Cadherins/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Cerebral Cortex/embryology ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Chemotaxis ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling/methods ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Gestational Age ; Interneurons/metabolism ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Neural Stem Cells/metabolism ; Neurogenesis ; Signal Transduction ; Transcriptome
    Chemical Substances Cadherins ; Cdh8 protein, mouse
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2273162-3
    ISSN 1863-2661 ; 1863-2653
    ISSN (online) 1863-2661
    ISSN 1863-2653
    DOI 10.1007/s00429-018-1772-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Constitutive activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 pathway sustains the m.3243 A > G mtDNA mutation.

    Chung, Chih-Yao / Singh, Kritarth / Kotiadis, Vassilios N / Valdebenito, Gabriel E / Ahn, Jee Hwan / Topley, Emilie / Tan, Joycelyn / Andrews, William D / Bilanges, Benoit / Pitceathly, Robert D S / Szabadkai, Gyorgy / Yuneva, Mariia / Duchen, Michael R

    Nature communications

    2021  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 6409

    Abstract: Mutations of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) cause a range of profoundly debilitating clinical conditions for which treatment options are very limited. Most mtDNA diseases show heteroplasmy - tissues express both wild-type and mutant mtDNA. While the ... ...

    Abstract Mutations of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) cause a range of profoundly debilitating clinical conditions for which treatment options are very limited. Most mtDNA diseases show heteroplasmy - tissues express both wild-type and mutant mtDNA. While the level of heteroplasmy broadly correlates with disease severity, the relationships between specific mtDNA mutations, heteroplasmy, disease phenotype and severity are poorly understood. We have carried out extensive bioenergetic, metabolomic and RNAseq studies on heteroplasmic patient-derived cells carrying the most prevalent disease related mtDNA mutation, the m.3243 A > G. These studies reveal that the mutation promotes changes in metabolites which are associated with the upregulation of the PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 axis in patient-derived cells and tissues. Remarkably, pharmacological inhibition of PI3K, Akt, or mTORC1 reduced mtDNA mutant load and partially rescued cellular bioenergetic function. The PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 axis thus represents a potential therapeutic target that may benefit people suffering from the consequences of the m.3243 A > G mutation.
    MeSH term(s) DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1/genetics ; Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1/metabolism ; Mutation/genetics ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
    Chemical Substances DNA, Mitochondrial ; Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-021-26746-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Semaphorin3A-neuropilin1 signalling is involved in the generation of cortical interneurons.

    Andrews, William D / Barber, Melissa / Nemitz, Marion / Memi, Fani / Parnavelas, John G

    Brain structure & function

    2016  Volume 222, Issue 5, Page(s) 2217–2233

    Abstract: Cortical interneurons are generated predominantly in the medial ganglionic eminence of the ventral telencephalon and migrate to the cortex during embryonic development. These cells express neuropilin (Nrp1 and Nrp2) receptors which mediate their response ...

    Abstract Cortical interneurons are generated predominantly in the medial ganglionic eminence of the ventral telencephalon and migrate to the cortex during embryonic development. These cells express neuropilin (Nrp1 and Nrp2) receptors which mediate their response to the chemorepulsive class 3 semaphorin (Sema) ligands. We show here that semaphorins Sema3A and Sema3F are expressed in layers adjacent to cortical interneuron migratory streams as well as in the striatum, suggesting they may have a role in guiding these cells throughout their journey. Analysis of Sema3A
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Movement/physiology ; Interneurons/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism ; Neurogenesis ; Neurons/metabolism ; Neuropilin-1/metabolism ; Semaphorin-3A/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/physiology ; Stem Cells/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Sema3a protein, mouse ; Semaphorin-3A ; Neuropilin-1 (144713-63-3)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-11-17
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2273162-3
    ISSN 1863-2661 ; 1863-2653
    ISSN (online) 1863-2661
    ISSN 1863-2653
    DOI 10.1007/s00429-016-1337-3
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  6. Article ; Online: Vascular-Derived Vegfa Promotes Cortical Interneuron Migration and Proximity to the Vasculature in the Developing Forebrain.

    Barber, Melissa / Andrews, William D / Memi, Fani / Gardener, Phillip / Ciantar, Daniel / Tata, Mathew / Ruhrberg, Christiana / Parnavelas, John G

    Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

    2018  Volume 28, Issue 7, Page(s) 2577–2593

    Abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegfa) is essential for promoting the vascularization of the embryonic murine forebrain. In addition, it directly influences neural development, although its role in the forming forebrain is less well elucidated. It ... ...

    Abstract Vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegfa) is essential for promoting the vascularization of the embryonic murine forebrain. In addition, it directly influences neural development, although its role in the forming forebrain is less well elucidated. It was recently suggested that Vegfa may influence the development of GABAergic interneurons, inhibitory cells with crucial signaling roles in cortical neuronal circuits. However, the mechanism by which it affects interneuron development remains unknown. Here we investigated the developmental processes by which Vegfa may influence cortical interneuron development by analyzing transgenic mice that ubiquitously express the Vegfa120 isoform to perturb its signaling gradient. We found that interneurons reach the dorsal cortex at mid phases of corticogenesis despite an aberrant vascular network. Instead, endothelial ablation of Vegfa alters cortical interneuron numbers, their intracortical distribution and spatial proximity to blood vessels. We show for the first time that vascular-secreted guidance factors promote early-migrating interneurons in the intact forebrain in vivo and identify a novel role for vascular-Vegfa in this process.
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Animals ; Blood Vessels/embryology ; Blood Vessels/physiology ; Cell Movement/genetics ; Chemotaxis ; Computer Simulation ; Embryo, Mammalian ; GABAergic Neurons/physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/genetics ; Glutamate Decarboxylase/genetics ; Glutamate Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Models, Neurological ; Neuropilin-1/metabolism ; Prosencephalon/cytology ; Prosencephalon/growth & development ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, TIE-2/genetics ; Receptor, TIE-2/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; Stem Cells/physiology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse ; Neuropilin-1 (144713-63-3) ; Receptor, TIE-2 (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Tek protein, mouse (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Glutamate Decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15) ; glutamate decarboxylase 1 (EC 4.1.1.15)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1077450-6
    ISSN 1460-2199 ; 1047-3211
    ISSN (online) 1460-2199
    ISSN 1047-3211
    DOI 10.1093/cercor/bhy082
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  7. Article ; Online: Altered proliferative ability of neuronal progenitors in PlexinA1 mutant mice.

    Andrews, William D / Davidson, Kathryn / Tamamaki, Nobuaki / Ruhrberg, Christiana / Parnavelas, John G

    The Journal of comparative neurology

    2015  Volume 524, Issue 3, Page(s) 518–534

    Abstract: Cortical interneurons are generated predominantly in the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) and migrate through the ventral and dorsal telencephalon before taking their final positions within the developing cortical plate. Previously we demonstrated that ... ...

    Abstract Cortical interneurons are generated predominantly in the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) and migrate through the ventral and dorsal telencephalon before taking their final positions within the developing cortical plate. Previously we demonstrated that interneurons from Robo1 knockout (Robo1(-/-)) mice contain reduced levels of neuropilin 1 (Nrp1) and PlexinA1 receptors, rendering them less responsive to the chemorepulsive actions of semaphorin ligands expressed in the striatum and affecting their course of migration (Hernandez-Miranda et al. [2011] J. Neurosci. 31:6174-6187). Earlier studies have highlighted the importance of Nrp1 and Nrp2 in interneuron migration, and here we assess the role of PlexinA1 in this process. We observed significantly fewer cells expressing the interneuron markers Gad67 and Lhx6 in the cortex of PlexinA1(-/-) mice compared with wild-type littermates at E14.5 and E18.5. Although the level of apoptosis was similar in the mutant and control forebrain, proliferation was significantly reduced in the former. Furthermore, progenitor cells in the MGE of PlexinA1(-/-) mice appeared to be poorly anchored to the ventricular surface and showed reduced adhesive properties, which may account for the observed reduction in proliferation. Together our data uncover a novel role for PlexinA1 in forebrain development.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Apoptosis/physiology ; Cell Adhesion/physiology ; Cell Movement/physiology ; Cell Proliferation/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology ; Cerebral Cortex/embryology ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Glutamate Decarboxylase/genetics ; Glutamate Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; Interneurons/cytology ; Interneurons/physiology ; LIM-Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism ; Neural Stem Cells/cytology ; Neural Stem Cells/physiology ; Neurogenesis/physiology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
    Chemical Substances LHX6 protein, mouse ; LIM-Homeodomain Proteins ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Plxna1 protein, mouse ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Transcription Factors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins (147336-22-9) ; Glutamate Decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15) ; glutamate decarboxylase 1 (EC 4.1.1.15)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-07-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3086-7
    ISSN 1096-9861 ; 0021-9967 ; 0092-7317
    ISSN (online) 1096-9861
    ISSN 0021-9967 ; 0092-7317
    DOI 10.1002/cne.23806
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  8. Article ; Online: Disrupted Slit-Robo signalling results in membranous ventricular septum defects and bicuspid aortic valves.

    Mommersteeg, Mathilda T M / Yeh, Mason L / Parnavelas, John G / Andrews, William D

    Cardiovascular research

    2015  Volume 106, Issue 1, Page(s) 55–66

    Abstract: Aims: The mesenchymal cushions lining the early embryonic heart undergo complex remodelling to form the membranous ventricular septum as well as the atrioventricular and semilunar valves in later life. Disruption of this process underlies the most ... ...

    Abstract Aims: The mesenchymal cushions lining the early embryonic heart undergo complex remodelling to form the membranous ventricular septum as well as the atrioventricular and semilunar valves in later life. Disruption of this process underlies the most common congenital heart defects. Here, we identified a novel role for Slit-Robo signalling in the development of the murine membranous ventricular septum and cardiac valves.
    Methods and results: Expression of Robo1 and Robo2 receptors and their ligands, Slit2 and Slit3, was present in or adjacent to all cardiac cushions/valves. Loss of Robo1 or both Robo1 and Robo2 resulted in membranous ventricular septum defects at birth, a defect also found in Slit3, but not in Slit2 mutants. Additionally, Robo1;Robo2 double mutants showed thickened immature semilunar and atrioventricular valves as well as highly penetrant bicuspid aortic valves. Slit2 mutants recapitulated the semilunar phenotype, whereas Slit3 mutants displayed thickened atrioventricular valves. Bicuspid aortic cushions were already observed at E12.5 in the Robo1;Robo2 double mutants. Expression of Notch- and downstream Hey and Hes genes was down-regulated in Robo1 mutants, suggesting that reduced Notch signalling in mice lacking Robo might underlie the defects. Luciferase assays confirmed regulation of Notch signalling by Robo.
    Conclusion: Cardiac defects in mutants for Robo or Slit range from membranous ventricular septum defects to bicuspid aortic valves. These ligands and receptors have unique functions during development of specific cardiac cushion derivatives, and the Slit-Robo signalling pathway likely enforces its role by regulating Notch signalling, making these mutants a valuable new model to study cardiac valve formation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Aortic Valve/abnormalities ; Aortic Valve/physiopathology ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/physiology ; Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics ; Cell Cycle Proteins/physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/physiology ; Heart Defects, Congenital/genetics ; Heart Defects, Congenital/physiopathology ; Heart Valve Diseases/genetics ; Heart Valve Diseases/physiopathology ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Homeodomain Proteins/physiology ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/physiology ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Membrane Proteins/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mutation/genetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/physiology ; Receptors, Immunologic/genetics ; Receptors, Immunologic/physiology ; Receptors, Notch/genetics ; Receptors, Notch/physiology ; Signal Transduction/genetics ; Signal Transduction/physiology ; Transcription Factor HES-1 ; Ventricular Septum/pathology ; Roundabout Proteins
    Chemical Substances Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Hes1 protein, mouse ; Hey1 protein, mouse ; Homeodomain Proteins ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Membrane Proteins ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Receptors, Immunologic ; Receptors, Notch ; Robo2 protein, mouse ; Slit3 protein, mouse ; Transcription Factor HES-1 ; Slit homolog 2 protein (R6FXH13RRC)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-02-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80340-6
    ISSN 1755-3245 ; 0008-6363
    ISSN (online) 1755-3245
    ISSN 0008-6363
    DOI 10.1093/cvr/cvv040
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  9. Article ; Online: Protective role of Cadherin 13 in interneuron development.

    Killen, Abigail C / Barber, Melissa / Paulin, Joshua J W / Ranscht, Barbara / Parnavelas, John G / Andrews, William D

    Brain structure & function

    2017  Volume 222, Issue 8, Page(s) 3567–3585

    Abstract: Cortical interneurons are generated in the ganglionic eminences and migrate through the ventral and dorsal telencephalon before finding their final positions within the cortical plate. During early stages of migration, these cells are present in two well- ...

    Abstract Cortical interneurons are generated in the ganglionic eminences and migrate through the ventral and dorsal telencephalon before finding their final positions within the cortical plate. During early stages of migration, these cells are present in two well-defined streams within the developing cortex. In an attempt to identify candidate genes which may play a role in interneuron stream specification, we previously carried out a microarray analysis which identified a number of cadherin receptors that were differentially expressed in these streams, including Cadherin-13 (Cdh13). Expression analysis confirmed Cdh13 to be present in the preplate layer at E13.5 and, later in development, in some cortical interneurons and pyramidal cells. Analysis of Cdh13 knockout mice at E18.5, but not at E15.5, showed a reduction in the number of interneurons and late born pyramidal neurons and a concomitant increase in apoptotic cells in the cortex. These observations were confirmed in dissociated cell cultures using overexpression and short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) constructs and dominant negative inhibitory proteins. Our findings identified a novel protective role for Cdh13 in cortical neuron development.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cadherins/genetics ; Cadherins/metabolism ; Cadherins/physiology ; Cell Count ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebral Cortex/embryology ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Interneurons/metabolism ; Interneurons/physiology ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Cadherins ; H-cadherin ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases (EC 2.7.1.-) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2273162-3
    ISSN 1863-2661 ; 1863-2653
    ISSN (online) 1863-2661
    ISSN 1863-2653
    DOI 10.1007/s00429-017-1418-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Book: Basic federal income taxation

    Andrews, William D / Wiedenbeck, Peter J

    2009  

    Author's details William D. Andrews; Peter J. Wiedenbeck
    Keywords Income tax/Law and legislation ; Einkommensteuer ; USA
    Language English
    Size XXV, 1204 S., graph. Darst., 26 cm
    Edition 6. ed.
    Publisher Aspen Publ. u.a.
    Publishing place New York, NY u.a.
    Document type Book
    Note Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-31) and index
    ISBN 0735577684 ; 9780735577688
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