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  1. Article ; Online: Bacterial Communities of Ixodes scapularis from Central Pennsylvania, USA

    Joyce Megumi Sakamoto / Gabriel Enrique Silva Diaz / Elizabeth Anne Wagner

    Insects, Vol 11, Iss 718, p

    2020  Volume 718

    Abstract: Native microbiota represent a potential resource for biocontrol of arthropod vectors. Ixodes scapularis is mostly inhabited by the endosymbiotic Rickettsia buchneri , but the composition of bacterial communities varies with life stage, fed status, and/or ...

    Abstract Native microbiota represent a potential resource for biocontrol of arthropod vectors. Ixodes scapularis is mostly inhabited by the endosymbiotic Rickettsia buchneri , but the composition of bacterial communities varies with life stage, fed status, and/or geographic location. We compared bacterial community diversity among I. scapularis populations sampled within a small geographic range in Central Pennsylvania. We collected and extracted DNA from ticks and sequenced amplicons of the eubacterial 16S rRNA gene from individuals and pooled samples. We then used taxon-specific PCR and/or qPCR to confirm the abundance or infection frequency of select pathogenic and symbiotic bacteria. Bacterial communities were more diverse in pools of males than females and the most abundant taxon was Rickettsia buchneri followed by Coxiellaceae (confirmed by sequencing as an unknown Rickettsiella species). High Rickettsiella titers in pools were likely due to a few heavily infected males. We determined that the infection frequency of Borrelia burgdorferi ranged from 20 to 75%. Titers of Anaplasma phagocytophilum were significantly different between sexes. Amplicon-based bacterial 16S sequencing is a powerful tool for establishing the baseline community diversity and focusing hypotheses for targeted experiments, but care should be taken not to overinterpret data based on too few individuals. We identified intracellular bacterial candidates that may be useful as targets for manipulation.
    Keywords Ixodes scapularis ; microbiome ; pathogens ; symbiotic bacteria ; Rickettsia ; Rickettsiella ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Dear SSHRC, What Do You Want? An Epistolary Narrative of Expertise, Identity, and Time in Grant Writing

    Michelle K. McGinn / Sandra Acker / Marie Vander Kloet / Anne Wagner

    Forum: Qualitative Social Research, Vol 20, Iss

    2019  Volume 1

    Abstract: The current research climate has heightened expectations for social science researchers to secure research grant funding at the same time that such funding appears to be more competitive than ever. As a result, researchers experience anxiety, confusion, ... ...

    Abstract The current research climate has heightened expectations for social science researchers to secure research grant funding at the same time that such funding appears to be more competitive than ever. As a result, researchers experience anxiety, confusion, loss of confidence, second guessing, and a lack of trust in the system and themselves. This autoethnographic study provides an insider perspective on the intellectual, emotional, and physical experience of grant writing. A team of scholars document the production of a research grant for their major national funding agency, the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. The story is presented through epistolary narrative in the form of a series of unsent letters addressed to the funding agency. The letters foreground themes of expertise, identity, and time as they were shaped through the grant-writing process. The analysis draws attention to unnecessary complexities and challenges that could and should be eliminated from granting processes if the intention is to foster quality research and strengthen research capacity. Implications may prove instructive for other grant applicants, resource personnel employed to support applicants, and potential funders.
    Keywords research funding ; social sciences ; epistolary narrative ; self-study ; letter writing ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 306
    Language German
    Publishing date 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher FQS
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Correlation of positron emission tomography ventilation-perfusion matching with CT densitometry in severe emphysema

    Asha Bonney / Carrie-Anne Wagner / Shankar Siva / Jason Callahan / Pierre-Yves Le Roux / Diane M. Pascoe / Louis Irving / Michael S. Hofman / Daniel P. Steinfort

    EJNMMI Research, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 7

    Abstract: Abstract Background Emphysema severity is frequently measured on CT via densitometry. Correlation with scintigraphic and spirometric functional measures of ventilation or perfusion varies widely, and no prior study has evaluated correlation between ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Emphysema severity is frequently measured on CT via densitometry. Correlation with scintigraphic and spirometric functional measures of ventilation or perfusion varies widely, and no prior study has evaluated correlation between densitometry and lobar ventilation/perfusion in patients with severe emphysema. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility and findings of gallium-68 (68Ga) ventilation/perfusion positron emission tomography-CT (68Ga-VQ/PET-CT) in severe emphysema assessment. Methods Fourteen consecutive patients undergoing evaluation for bronchoscopic lung volume reduction between March 2015 and March 2018 underwent 68Ga-VQ/PET-CT assessment for lobar functional lung mapping, in addition to CT densitometry. Correlations between CT densitometry and 68Ga-VQ/PET-CT parameters for individual lobar lung function were sought. Results CT densitometry assessment of emphysema correlated only weakly (R 2 = 0.13) with lobar perfusion and was not correlated with ventilation (R 2 = 0.04). Densitometry was moderately (R 2 = 0.67) correlated with V/Q units in upper lobes, though poorly reflected physiological function in lower lobes (R 2 = 0.19). Emphysema severity, as measured by CT densitometry, was moderately correlated with proportion of normal V/Q units and matched V/Q defects in individual lobes. Conclusions Assessment of lobar pulmonary function by 68Ga-VQ/PET-CT provides physiologic information not evident on CT densitometry such as ventilation and perfusion specifics and matched defects. Further research is needed to see if the discordant findings on 68Ga-VQ/PET-CT provide prognostic information or can be used to modify patient management and improve outcomes.
    Keywords Ventilation ; Perfusion ; PET ; Emphysema ; Bronchoscopy ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: scFOS supplemented follow-on formula in healthy infants: Impact on vaccine specific faecal secretory IGA response, faecal bifidobacteria, growth and digestive tolerance

    Ripoll, Christophe / Anne Wagner / Eric Chappuis / Frédéric Gottrand / Frédérique Respondek

    Bioactive carbohydrates and dietary fibre. 2015 Apr., v. 5, no. 2

    2015  

    Abstract: Few studies have assessed efficacy and safety of prebiotics in infants at the time of diversification. We investigated the beneficial effects of a follow-on milk formula supplemented with short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scFOS) in healthy infants ... ...

    Abstract Few studies have assessed efficacy and safety of prebiotics in infants at the time of diversification. We investigated the beneficial effects of a follow-on milk formula supplemented with short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scFOS) in healthy infants after 4 months of age.75 formula-fed healthy infants were included at the age of 4 months in a randomized, controlled, double blind study and received either a placebo or scFOS supplemented formula for six months. Faecal poliovirus sIgA after vaccination and bifidobacteria concentration, height, weight and digestive tolerance were monitored.After 1 and 2 months of supplementation, no significant difference was observed between the groups for the evolution of poliovirus sIgA concentration compared to baseline. A significant increase in bifidobacteria count was observed after 1 month of ScFOS supplementation, but this difference was no longer significant after 2 months. Breastfeeding history of infants was shown to have an impact on faecal bifidobacteria evolution. Tolerance and growth parameters were similar in the 2 groups.A follow-on milk formula supplemented with scFOS modulates intestinal microbiota via an increase of faecal bifidobacteria concentration, while no effect on sIgA concentrations could be demonstrated. scFOS addition elicited normal digestive tolerance and normal growth suggesting it can be used safely at 5g/L in infants after 4 months of age.
    Keywords Bifidobacterium ; breast feeding ; dietary fiber ; Enterovirus C ; fructooligosaccharides ; infants ; intestinal microorganisms ; milk ; placebos ; prebiotics ; vaccination ; vaccines
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2015-04
    Size p. 169-178.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2212-6198
    DOI 10.1016/j.bcdf.2015.03.006
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Screening for consequences of trauma – an update on the global collaboration on traumatic stress

    Miranda Olff / Anne Bakker / Paul Frewen / Helene Aakvaag / Dean Ajdukovic / Douglas Brewer / Diane L. Elmore Borbon / Marylène Cloitre / Philip Hyland / Nancy Kassam-Adams / Matthias Knefel / Juliana A. Lanza / Brigitte Lueger-Schuster / Angela Nickerson / Misari Oe / Monique C. Pfaltz / Carolina Salgado / Soraya Seedat / Anne Wagner /
    Ulrich Schnyder

    European Journal of Psychotraumatology, Vol 11, Iss

    2020  Volume 1

    Abstract: This letter provides an update on the activities of “The Global Collaboration on Traumatic Stress” (GC-TS) as first described by Schnyder et al. in 2017. It presents in further detail the projects of the first theme, in particular the development of and ... ...

    Abstract This letter provides an update on the activities of “The Global Collaboration on Traumatic Stress” (GC-TS) as first described by Schnyder et al. in 2017. It presents in further detail the projects of the first theme, in particular the development of and initial data on the Global Psychotrauma Screen (GPS), a brief instrument designed to screen for the wide range of potential outcomes of trauma. English language data and ongoing studies in several languages provide a first indication that the GPS is a feasible, reliable and valid tool, a tool that may be very useful in the current pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Further multi-language and cross-cultural validation is needed. Since the start of the GC-TS, new themes have been introduced to focus on in the coming years: a) Forcibly displaced persons, b) Global prevalence of stress and trauma related disorders, c) Socio-emotional development across cultures, and d) Collaborating to make traumatic stress research data “FAIR”. The most recent theme added is that of Global crises, currently focusing on COVID-19-related projects.
    Keywords psychotrauma ; screening ; childhood abuse ; global mental health ; questionnaire ; Psychiatry ; RC435-571 ; covid19
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Taylor & Francis Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides modulate intestinal microbiota and metabolic parameters of humanized gnotobiotic diet induced obesity mice.

    Frederique Respondek / Philippe Gerard / Mathilde Bossis / Laura Boschat / Aurélia Bruneau / Sylvie Rabot / Anne Wagner / Jean-Charles Martin

    PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 8, p e

    2013  Volume 71026

    Abstract: Prebiotic fibres like short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scFOS) are known to selectively modulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota and especially to stimulate Bifidobacteria. In parallel, the involvement of intestinal microbiota in host ... ...

    Abstract Prebiotic fibres like short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scFOS) are known to selectively modulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota and especially to stimulate Bifidobacteria. In parallel, the involvement of intestinal microbiota in host metabolic regulation has been recently highlighted. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of scFOS on the composition of the faecal microbiota and on metabolic parameters in an animal model of diet-induced obesity harbouring a human-type microbiota. Forty eight axenic C57BL/6J mice were inoculated with a sample of faecal human microbiota and randomly assigned to one of 3 diets for 7 weeks: a control diet, a high fat diet (HF, 60% of energy derived from fat)) or an isocaloric HF diet containing 10% of scFOS (HF-scFOS). Mice fed with the two HF gained at least 21% more weight than mice from the control group. Addition of scFOS partially abolished the deposition of fat mass but significantly increased the weight of the caecum. The analysis of the taxonomic composition of the faecal microbiota by FISH technique revealed that the addition of scFOS induced a significant increase of faecal Bifidobacteria and the Clostridium coccoides group whereas it decreased the Clostridium leptum group. In addition to modifying the composition of the faecal microbiota, scFOS most prominently affected the faecal metabolome (e.g. bile acids derivatives, hydroxyl monoenoic fatty acids) as well as urine, plasma hydrophilic and plasma lipid metabolomes. The increase in C. coccoides and the decrease in C. leptum, were highly correlated to these metabolic changes, including insulinaemia, as well as to the weight of the caecum (empty and full) but not the increase in Bifidobacteria. In conclusion scFOS induce profound metabolic changes by modulating the composition and the activity of the intestinal microbiota, that may partly explain their effect on the reduction of insulinaemia.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Women and health professionals’ perspectives on a conditional cash transfer programme to improve pregnancy follow-up

    Celine Chauleur / Jacob Hannigsberg / Philippe Merviel / Marc Bardou / Franck Perrotin / Thomas Schmitz / Olivier Picone / Jeanne Sibiude / Karine Chemin / Dominique Dallay / Frédéric Coatleven / Loïc Sentilhes / Céline Brochot / Astrid Eckman-Lacroix / Elise Thellier / Frédérique Falchier / Philippe Deruelle / Muriel Doret / Xavier Carcopino-Tusoli /
    Nicolas Meunier-Beillard / Hervé Fernandez / Vincent Villefranque / Caroline Diguisto / Damien Subtil / Clémence Houssin / Philippe Gillard / Laurent Mandelbrot / Aurelie Godard-Marceau / Nathalie Lesavre / Claude Virtos / Elodie Debras / Aude Bourtembourg / Claire Toubin / Danièle Addes / Véronique Uguen / Cleo Tourbot / Caroline Lelievre / Christophe Tremouilhac / Anne-Hélène Saliou / Aurelie Derrieu / Stephanie Auget / Anne Legourrierec / Anne Leroux / Julie Fort-Jacquier / Marion Serclerat / Nathalie Laurenceau / Audrey Renouleau / Eliane Catteau / Julie Blanc / Candice Ronin / Laurence Piechon / Séverine Puppo / Fanny Greco / Sandrine Pettazzoni / Muriel Athlani / Amina Desvignes / Annie Petiteau / Amina El Yaakoubi / Valérie Bechadergue / Valérie Vaugirard / Marie-Emmanuelle Neveu / Caroline Geyl / Marie-Victoire Senat / Claire Colmant / Marie Houllier / Myriam Virlouet / Marion Mir / Yasmina Bejaoui / Hélène Le Cornu / Lauriane Nikel / Elodie Gustave / Amandine Stadler / Ahmad Mehdi / Tiphaine Barjat / Suzanne Lima / Thomas Corsini / Anne Genod / Charlotte Vermesch / Cécile Fanget / Marianne Perrot / Manuela Munoz / Sylvie Pitaval / Fanny Magand / Françoise Baldi / Stephanie Bret / Anne-Lise Verdier / Christelle Denis / Carine Arlicot / Jérôme Potin / Stéphanie Chretien / Julie Paternotte / Nathalie Trignol / Élisabeth Blin / Camille Mathieu / Anne Dubreuil / Anne Viallon Pelletier / Catherine Guerin / Chloé Arthuis / Christophe Vayssieres / Olivier Parant / Marion Groussolles / Maria Denis / M Mathieu Morin / Marie-Thérèse Bavoux / Juliette Pelloux / Anne-Claire Jambon / Madeleine Santraine / Veronique Lebuffe / Pascale Broux / Thierry Dzukou / Magloire Gnansounou / Didier Hubert / Claire Djazet / Ludivine Destoop / Marine Derue / Pierrick Theret / Dominique Delzenne / Stéphanie Daussin / Alice Fraissinet / Mélanie Vannerum / Cyril Faraguet / Laurence Landais / Mariana Radu / Anne Rouget / Sena Al Sudani / Bernard Guillon / Estelle Wucher / Véronique Selva / Sandrine Reviron / Francis Schwetterlé / Cécile Chassande / Véronique Grandin / Eliane Krtoliza / Patrick Becher / Marie Sarrau / Claire Lecoq / Elsa Lutringer / Denis Roux / Noémie Berge / Clémentine Barbier / Anne Heron / Audrey Farina-Bracquart / Marie-Paule Curtet / Evelyne Lefebure / Marie-Hélène Le Douarin / Hassan Al Rayes / Émilie Magne / Nathalie Destampes / Émilie Ricard / Pascale Ghezzi / Catherine Guillen / Fanny Alazard / Marie-Thé Campanaro / Florence Mojard / Magalie David-Reynard / Patricia Fuma / Remy De Montgolfier / Capucine Neel / Guillaume Legendre / Isabelle Andre / Sylvie Nordstrom / Brigitte Guionnet / Catherine Crenn Hebert / Chloé Dussaux / Karine Achaintre / Anne Wagner / Martine Werveake / Eloïse De Gouville / George Theresin / Marie Pierre Couetoux / Lydia Caillaud / Marie-Pierre Fernandez / Sabrina Bottet / M Alain Almodovar / Elisa Etienne / Véronique Guiteras / Angélique Torres / N. Roche / Myriam Nassef / Christine Abel-Faure / Marie Louvet / Carole Ettori / Guillaume Ducarme / Valérie Bonnenfant-Mezeray / Laurence Szezot-Renaudeau / Marie-Pierre Berte / Elodie Netier-Herault / Stéphanie Manson-Gallone / Franck Mauviel / Nathalie Agostini / Marine Mazeaud / Jean-Claude Dausset / Isabelle De Murcia / Emilie Alliot / Anne-Marie Bes / Magali Biferi Magali / Hélène Heckenroth / Sophie Morange / Gersende Chiuot / Audrey Gnisci / Annie Allegre / Laetitia Lecq / Eva Balenbois / Claire Tourette / Aude Figarella / Dio Andriamanjay / Pauline Vignoles / Catherine Cazelles / Véronique Lejeune Saada / Benafsheh Kashani / Isabelle Chevalier / Muriel Terrieres / Audrey Cointement / Valérie Benhaïm / Najat Lindoune / Anne-Sophie Maisonneuve / M Frédéric Daubercy / Guilia Mencattini / Vanessa Combaud / Isabelle Moya / Xavier-Côme Donato / Raoul Desbriere / Marie Lafon / Véronique Baudet

    BMJ Open, Vol 13, Iss

    a qualitative analysis of the NAITRE randomised controlled study

    2023  Volume 3

    Abstract: Objectives Women of low socioeconomic status have been described as having suboptimal prenatal care, which in turn has been associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. Many types of conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes have been developed, including ... ...

    Abstract Objectives Women of low socioeconomic status have been described as having suboptimal prenatal care, which in turn has been associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. Many types of conditional cash transfer (CCT) programmes have been developed, including programmes to improve prenatal care or smoking cessation during pregnancy, and their effects demonstrated. However, ethical critiques have included paternalism and lack of informed choice. Our objective was to determine if women and healthcare professionals (HPs) shared these concerns.Design Prospective qualitative research.Setting We included economically disadvantaged women, as defined by health insurance data, who participated in the French NAITRE randomised trial assessing a CCT programme during prenatal follow-up to improve pregnancy outcomes. The HP worked in some maternities participating in this trial.Participants 26 women, 14 who received CCT and 12 who did not, mostly unemployed (20/26), and - 7 HPs.Interventions We conducted a multicentre cross-sectional qualitative study among women and HPs who participated in the NAITRE Study to assess their views on CCT. The women were interviewed after childbirth.Results Women did not perceive CCT negatively. They did not mention feeling stigmatised. They described CCT as a significant source of aid for women with limited financial resources. HP described the CCT in less positive terms, for example, expressing concern about discussing cash transfer at their first medical consultation with women. Though they emphasised ethical concerns about the basis of the trial, they recognised the importance of evaluating CCT.Conclusions In France, a high-income country where prenatal follow-up is free, HPs were concerned that the CCT programme would change their relationship with patients and wondered if it was the best use of funding. However, women who received a cash incentive said they did not feel stigmatised and indicated that these payments helped them prepare for their baby’s birth.Trial registration number NCT02402855
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 300
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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