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Article ; Online: Sickness absence among young employees in private and public sectors with a history of depression and anxiety

Jurgita Narusyte / Annina Ropponen / Mo Wang / Pia Svedberg

Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 8

Abstract: Abstract The aim was to investigate occurrence and duration of sickness absence (SA) among young employees with previous depression/anxiety in private and public sectors. This population-based prospective study included 11,519 Swedish twin individuals of ...

Abstract	Abstract The aim was to investigate occurrence and duration of sickness absence (SA) among young employees with previous depression/anxiety in private and public sectors. This population-based prospective study included 11,519 Swedish twin individuals of age 19–29 years that were followed regarding SA during 2006–2016. Data on previous depression/anxiety came from two screening surveys in 2005. Data on SA and employment sector were received from national registries. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used, also controlling for familial factors. Proportion of employees with SA was significantly higher among those with, as compared to those without, previous depression/anxiety, regardless the employment sector. Individuals with previous depression/anxiety had increased risk for future SA, in both private (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.90–2.66) and public sectors (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.73–2.54). Familial factors played a role in the association among employees in the private sector. A higher proportion of long-term SA was observed among employees with previous depression/anxiety in the private as compared to the public sector. To conclude, previous depression/anxiety tends to increase risk for SA among young employees in both employment sectors, whereas long-term SA seemed to be more prevalent among those in the private as compared to the public sector.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	336
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The associations of working hour characteristics with short sickness absence among part- and full-time retail workers

Rahman Shiri / Tarja Hakola / Mikko Härmä / Annina Ropponen

Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, Vol 47, Iss 4, Pp 268-

2021 Volume 276

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the associations of working hour characteristics with short (1–3 days) sickness absence (SA) among retail workers. METHODS: As part of “RetailHours-project”, 4046 employees of 338 Finnish retail stores were ... ...

Abstract	OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the associations of working hour characteristics with short (1–3 days) sickness absence (SA) among retail workers. METHODS: As part of “RetailHours-project”, 4046 employees of 338 Finnish retail stores were included. Registry-based data on working hour characteristics and short SA were utilized. A case-crossover design was used and the odds ratios (OR) were controlled for the clustering effect and working hour characteristics. RESULTS: There were strong dose–response relationships between percent of short (<11 hours) shift intervals and short SA among part- and full-time workers, men and women, and younger and older workers. Compared to workers without short shift intervals, the risk of SA was 1.47 times [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29–1.68] higher among workers who had short shift intervals <10% of work times, 2.39 times (95% CI 2.03–2.82) higher among workers who had 10–25% of work times, and 4.03 times (CI 2.34–6.93) higher among workers who had short shift intervals >25% of work times. Weekly working hours >40 hours were associated with SA among part-time workers [odds ratio (OR) 2.22, CI 1.65–2.98], women (OR 1.62, CI 1.27–2.07) and among workers <30 years of age (OR 1.68, CI 1.20–2.35) as well as among workers aged ≥30 years (OR 1.43, CI 1.07–1.92). Furthermore, working mainly night shifts was associated with SA among full-time workers (OR 2.41, 95% CI 0.99–5.86) and women (OR 1.72, CI 1.02–2.89). CONCLUSIONS: A short shift interval is an important risk factor for short SA. Improving intervals between shifts and shortening long weekly working hours could reduce the risk of short SA among retail workers.
Keywords	quick return ; working hour characteristic ; retail worker ; risk factor ; sick leave ; sickness absence ; night shift ; shift work schedule ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	331
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nordic Association of Occupational Safety and Health (NOROSH)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Longer Work Shifts, Faster Forward Rotation—More Sleep and More Alert in Aircraft Inspection

Tarja Hakola / Paula Niemelä / Sari Rönnberg / Annina Ropponen

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 8105, p

2021 Volume 8105

Abstract: The purpose of this intervention study is to compare sleep, alertness, and work ability among aircraft inspectors working under two different shift schedules. The original schedule was forward rotating: MMM – – EEE – NNN – – – (M = morning, E = evening, ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of this intervention study is to compare sleep, alertness, and work ability among aircraft inspectors working under two different shift schedules. The original schedule was forward rotating: MMM – – EEE – NNN – – – (M = morning, E = evening, N = night, – = day off). The new schedule was fast forward rotating: MEN – – with 10-h shifts. The baseline data were collected before the schedule changed, and the follow-up data 12 months ( n = 10, Group A) or 5 months ( n = 13, Group B) after the change. Three of subjects were women and average age was 46.6 years (range 31–58). The surveys included questions on sleep quantity, sleep quality, severe sleepiness, alertness, perceived stress, current work ability, and satisfaction with the shift schedule. The results indicated that in the new schedule, the sleeping times were longer and sleep loss was less. Moreover, shift specific severe sleepiness decreased, and alertness during shifts improved. Compared to baseline, perceived stress was lower and work ability was better. Satisfaction with the shift system had also improved. To conclude, the quickly forward rotating shift system might be beneficial in terms of increased sleep length and improved alertness and overall well-being especially among older aircraft inspectors.
Keywords	working hours ; age ; vigilance ; aviation ; stress ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Night Work and Sustainable Working Life—A Prospective Trajectory Analysis of Swedish Twins

Annina Ropponen / Mo Wang / Auriba Raza / Jurgita Narusyte / Pia Svedberg

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 10857, p

2022 Volume 10857

Abstract: The aim was to investigate the changes in sustainable working life over 10–13 years of follow-up and the effect of baseline night work. Data from the Swedish national registers were used to define sustainable working life. Survey data in the 1998–2003 “ ... ...

Abstract	The aim was to investigate the changes in sustainable working life over 10–13 years of follow-up and the effect of baseline night work. Data from the Swedish national registers were used to define sustainable working life. Survey data in the 1998–2003 “SALT” with 34,680 twins or in the 2004–2006 “STAGE” with 19,637 twins were utilized to assess night work at baseline. Group-based trajectory and multinomial regression models were applied. The results of the SALT cohort yielded five trajectory solutions: stable sustainable working life (40%), stable lack of sustainable working life (25%), later decreasingly sustainable working life (15%), increasingly sustainable working life (14%), and early decreasingly sustainable working life (7%). In the STAGE cohort, four trajectories were detected: stable sustainable working life (83%), decreasingly sustainable working life (7%), stable lack of sustainable working life (5%), and increasing sustainable working life (5%). Night work was associated with the decreasing or increasing sustainable working life in the trajectory groups. To conclude, the largest parts of both cohorts followed trajectories of stable sustainable working lives. Night work was associated with both the trajectories of decreasing and increasing sustainable working lives.
Keywords	sick leave ; sustainable work ; night work ; shift work ; cohort study ; prospective study ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Work unit level personnel working hours and the patients' length of in-hospital stay-An administrative data approach.

Oxana Krutova / Jenni Ervasti / Marianna Virtanen / Laura Peutere / Mikko Härmä / Annina Ropponen

PLOS Digital Health, Vol 2, Iss 5, p e

2023 Volume 0000265

Abstract: Administrative data accumulating daily from hospitals would provide new possibilities to assess work shifts and patient care. We aimed to investigate associations of work unit level average work shift length and length of patient in-hospital stay, and to ...

Abstract	Administrative data accumulating daily from hospitals would provide new possibilities to assess work shifts and patient care. We aimed to investigate associations of work unit level average work shift length and length of patient in-hospital stay, and to examine the role of nurse-patient-ratio, year, night work, age, work units and working hours at the work units for these estimations. The data for this study were based on combined administrative day-to-day patient and pay-roll based objective working hour data of employees of one hospital district in Finland for 2013-2019. Three patient measures were calculated: the overall length of in-hospital stay, the length of in-hospital stay before a medical procedure and the length of in-hospital stay after a medical procedure. A Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) with multivariate normal random effects was used with Penalized Quasi-Likelihood for relative risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The results showed that compared to <8 hours work shifts, 8-10 hours work shifts were associated with an increased likelihood of overall length of in-hospital stay (RR 1.16, 95%CI 1.15, 1.16), and the length of in-hospital stay after a medical procedure (RR 1.28, 95%CI 1.27, 1.30). The >10 hours work shifts were associated with a decreased likelihood of the overall length of in-hospital stay (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.94, 0.95) and length of in-hospital stay after a medical procedure among all occupations (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.92, 0.97). These associations retained the magnitude and direction in the models additionally adjusted for work, employee, and patient characteristics, and the associations were weaker for nurses than among all occupations. To conclude, compared with the standard work shifts, 8-10 hours work shifts seem to be associated with longer, and >10 hours work shifts with shorter length of in-hospital stay. Administrative data provides feasible possibilities to investigate working hours and length of in-hospital stay.
Keywords	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Sickness absence transitions among Swedish twins with back, neck or shoulder pain and common mental disorders applying a multi-state approach

Sanna Kärkkäinen / Jakob Bergström / Annina Ropponen / Mo Wang / Jurgita Narusyte / Pia Svedberg

Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract We aimed to investigate transitions to and from sickness absence, or disability pension among individuals with back, neck, or shoulder pain and/or with common mental disorders (CMDs), and the role of familial (genetics and shared environment) ... ...

Abstract	Abstract We aimed to investigate transitions to and from sickness absence, or disability pension among individuals with back, neck, or shoulder pain and/or with common mental disorders (CMDs), and the role of familial (genetics and shared environment) influences on the transitions. Swedish twins born 1935–1985 who responded to pain and CMDs survey items (N = 41,516) were followed on average 8.7 years for sickness absence states in national registers. Multi-state Cox regression models were applied for three exposure groups: pain, CMDs, and presence of both, compared to unexposed. Exposure discordant twin pairs, stratified by zygosity, were analysed to assess the role of familial factors. Hazard Ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals and transition intensities were calculated. HRs were similar for transitions between states among those with pain or CMDs. The highest HRs were for transitions from entry to sickness absence and sickness absence to disability pension among those with both pain and CMDs (HRs: 1.61 and 1.43, respectively). Higher HRs for dizygotic compared to monozygotic twins for the first transition to sickness absence and for altering back to not being sickness absent indicate familial confounding. Back, neck, or shoulder pain and/or CMDs indicate a higher risk to become sickness absent and for repeated sickness absence episodes over time compared to unaffected.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Health behaviours and psychosocial working conditions as predictors of disability pension due to different diagnoses

Annina Ropponen / Jurgita Narusyte / Karri Silventoinen / Pia Svedberg

BMC Public Health, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a population-based study

2020 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract Background To investigate whether the clustering of different health behaviours (i.e. physical activity, tobacco use and alcohol consumption) influences the associations between psychosocial working conditions and disability pension due to ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background To investigate whether the clustering of different health behaviours (i.e. physical activity, tobacco use and alcohol consumption) influences the associations between psychosocial working conditions and disability pension due to different diagnoses. Methods A population-based sample of 24,987 Swedish twins born before 1958 were followed from national registers for disability pension until 2013. Baseline survey data in 1998–2003 were used to assess health behaviours and psychosocial Job Exposure Matrix for job control, job demands and social support. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results During follow-up, 1252 disability pensions due to musculoskeletal disorders (5%), 601 due to mental diagnoses (2%) and 1162 due to other diagnoses (5%) occurred. In the models controlling for covariates, each one-unit increase in job demands was associated with higher (HR 1.16, 95%CI 1.01–1.33) and in job control with lower (HR 0.87, 95%CI 0.80–0.94) risk of disability pension due to musculoskeletal disorders among those with unhealthy behaviours. Among those with healthy behaviours, one-unit increase of social support was associated with a higher risk of disability pension due to mental and due to other diagnoses (HRs 1.29–1.30, 95%CI 1.04–1.63). Conclusions Job control and job demands were associated with the risk of disability pension due to musculoskeletal disorders only among those with unhealthy behaviours. Social support was a risk factor for disability pension due to mental or other diagnoses among those with healthy behaviours. Workplaces and occupational health care should acknowledge these simultaneous circumstances in order to prevent disability pension.
Keywords	Cohort study ; Physical activity ; Sick leave ; Health behavior ; Musculoskeletal disorders ; Disability pension ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Longitudinal Study on Trajectories of Night Work and Sickness Absence among Hospital Employees

Oxana Krutova / Aki Koskinen / Laura Peutere / Jenni Ervasti / Marianna Virtanen / Mikko Härmä / Annina Ropponen

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 8168, p

2022 Volume 8168

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate trajectories of night shift work in irregular shift work across a 12-year follow-up among hospital employees with and without sickness absence (SA). The payroll-based register data of one hospital district in Finland ... ...

Abstract	This study aimed to investigate trajectories of night shift work in irregular shift work across a 12-year follow-up among hospital employees with and without sickness absence (SA). The payroll-based register data of one hospital district in Finland included objective working hours and SA from 2008 to 2019. The number of night shifts per year was used in group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM). The results indicate that, among those who had any sickness absence episodes, the amount of night work decreased prior to the first SA. In general, trajectories of night shift work varied from stably high to low-but-increasing trajectories in terms of the number of shifts. However, a group with decreasing pattern of night work was identified only among those with sickness absence episodes but not among those without such episodes. To conclude, the identified trajectories of night work with or without sickness absences may indicate that, among those with sickness absence episodes, night work was reduced due to increasing health problems. Hence, the hospital employees working night shifts are likely a selected population because the employees who work at night are supposed to be healthier than those not opting for night work.
Keywords	night shift work ; sickness absence ; trajectory analysis ; longitudinal ; health care ; employees ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Sustainable Working Life Patterns in a Swedish Twin Cohort

Annina Ropponen / Pontus Josefsson / Petri Böckerman / Karri Silventoinen / Jurgita Narusyte / Mo Wang / Pia Svedberg

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 10549, p

Age-Related Sequences of Sickness Absence, Disability Pension, Unemployment, and Premature Death during Working Life

2022 Volume 10549

Abstract: We aimed to investigate sustainable working life via age-related sequences of sickness absence (SA), disability pension (DP), unemployment (UE), premature death, and the influence of individual characteristics, accounting for familial confounding. The ... ...

Abstract	We aimed to investigate sustainable working life via age-related sequences of sickness absence (SA), disability pension (DP), unemployment (UE), premature death, and the influence of individual characteristics, accounting for familial confounding. The sample included monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) same-sexed twin pairs with register data ( n = 47,450) that were followed for 10 years in four age cohorts: 26–35 ( n = 9892), 36–45 ( n = 10,620), 46–55 ( n = 12,964) and 56–65 ( n = 13,974). A sequence analysis was done in a 7-element state space: 1. “Sustainable working life”: SA/DP 0–30 days and UE 0–90 days; 2. “Unemployment >90 days”: SA/DP 0–30 days and UE > 90 days; 3. “Moderate SA/DP”: SA/DP 30–180 days; 4. “Almost full year of SA/DP”: SA/DP 180–365 days; 5. “Full year of SA/DP”: SA/DP ≥ 365 days; 6. Death; 7. Old-age pension. The largest cluster had a sustainable working life and never experienced states 2–6 (34–59%). Higher education and being married predicted a lower likelihood of experiencing states 2–6. The MZ twin pairs (vs. DZ) were more often in the same cluster suggesting the role of genetic factors. To conclude, the sustainable working life was the largest cluster group. Few individuals had prolonged periods of interruptions of sustainable working life meriting actions, especially in early adulthood for interventions to support workability.
Keywords	sustainable work ; cohort study ; sequence analysis ; age ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	331
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The predictive role of sickness absence spell durations in associations with inpatient- and specialized outpatient care among a population-based Swedish twin sample

Annina Ropponen / Mo Wang / Jurgita Narusyte / Sanna Kärkkäinen / Victoria Blom / Pia Svedberg

BMC Health Services Research, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 8

Abstract: Abstract Background The associations between a sickness absence spell duration and patient care have been rarely studied. An assumption is that associations would differ by spell duration and by the patient care type, inpatient- or specialized outpatient, ...

Abstract	Abstract Background The associations between a sickness absence spell duration and patient care have been rarely studied. An assumption is that associations would differ by spell duration and by the patient care type, inpatient- or specialized outpatient, due to severity of diseases and/or conditions. We aimed to investigate sickness absence spells in various spell durations as a predictor for subsequent inpatient- and specialized outpatient care separately, and to study if familial confounding plays a role in these associations. Methods We followed a population-based sample of Swedish twins born 1925–90 with national registers from 2001 for first incident sickness absence spell (days to calculate spell duration categorized into ≤30 days, 31–90 days, 91–180 days and ≥ 181 days), or no sickness absence, and for inpatient- and specialized outpatient care until 2013 (n = 24,975). Cox proportional hazards models were applied for hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) while accounting for covariates and familial confounding. Results First incident sickness absence spell across all duration categories was associated with an increased risk of inpatient- (age- and sex adjusted HR 1.28 to 6.05) or specialized outpatient care (HR 1.17–2.50), both in comparison to those without any sickness absence or the shortest sickness absence spell category (1–30 days). The associations remained statistically significant while controlling for covariates or familial confounding. Conclusions First incident sickness absence spell increases the risk of inpatient care or specialized outpatient care regardless of the duration of the sickness absence spell. Hence, incident sickness absence spells should be noted and targeted to actions at workplaces as well as in primary and occupational health care.
Keywords	Sick leave ; Cohort study ; Twins ; Hospitalization ; Longitudinal ; Sweden ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	331
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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