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Article: Evaluation of COVID-19 Effect on Mental Health, Self-Harm, and Suicidal Behaviors in Children and Adolescents Population.

Grzejszczak, Jagoda / Strzelecki, Dominik / Gabryelska, Agata / Kotlicka-Antczak, Magdalena

2024 Volume 13, Issue 3

Abstract: Objectives: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological state of the under-18 population includes an increased risk of psychopathological symptoms development and exacerbation of already present psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological state of the under-18 population includes an increased risk of psychopathological symptoms development and exacerbation of already present psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of mental health problems in Polish children and adolescents with a focus on suicidal and self-harm behavior with the impact of the pandemic. Methods: The questionnaire collected demographic data, information regarding mental states and psychopathological symptoms, history of self-harm and suicidal behaviors, as well as the experience of psychological, and physical violence, and suicidal self-harm behaviors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: In the final analysis, 782 responses were included. Self-evaluation of general and mental health scores was significantly lower during the pandemic among children (both Conclusions: A subjective decrease in psychophysical well-being, an increase in the frequency of seeking mental health help during the pandemic, as well as an increased prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms were observed in the under-18 population as a potential consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic and related socioeconomic changes. The marked increase in self-harm behavior in the adolescent population (age > 12) and the marked increase in the frequency of death thinking in children (age ≤ 12) suggests the need for greater awareness and easier access to professional help from mental health specialists, particularly in a time of unprecedented stress and social isolation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm13030744
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Intensity of Psychoactive Substance Use Affects the Occurrence of Prodromal Symptoms of Psychosis.

Więckiewicz, Gniewko / Florczyk, Iga / Stokłosa, Maciej / Jurga, Marta / Gorczyca, Piotr / Kotlicka-Antczak, Magdalena

Journal of clinical medicine

2024 Volume 13, Issue 3

Abstract: Background: Psychosis is defined as a series of symptoms that impair the mind and lead to a kind of loss of reference to reality. Development of psychosis is usually preceded by the appearance of prodromal symptoms. Numerous attempts have been made to ... ...

Abstract	Background: Psychosis is defined as a series of symptoms that impair the mind and lead to a kind of loss of reference to reality. Development of psychosis is usually preceded by the appearance of prodromal symptoms. Numerous attempts have been made to find out how psychoactive substances can influence the onset and development of psychotic disorders, but to date there are no studies that show a link between the onset of prodromal symptoms and the use of psychoactive substances. Methods: A survey consisting of epidemiological and demographic questions, the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT), and the Prodromal Questionnaire Brief Version (PQ-B) was conducted on social media among users of illegal psychoactive substances, covering 703 study participants. Results: A total of 39.8% of the respondents had been treated by a psychiatrist, and the most popular drugs used by respondents in their lifetime were tetrahydrocannabinol-containing products, MDMA, amphetamines, and LSD. A significant correlation was found between the DUDIT and the PQ-B values. Conclusions: Intensity of psychoactive substance use correlated positively with the risk of appearance and intensity of prodromal symptoms of psychosis. Early exposure to psychoactive substances increased the risk of heavy substance use in adulthood and led to more frequent prodromal states.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm13030760
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Article: Evaluation of Psychological and Physical Violence towards Children and Adolescents before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Lodz Voivodship.

Grzejszczak, Jagoda / Gabryelska, Agata / Kotlicka-Antczak, Magdalena / Strzelecki, Dominik

Brain sciences

2023 Volume 14, Issue 1

Abstract: Background: It has been shown that the course of COVID-19 infection in the under-18 population was in many cases sparsely symptomatic. In contrast, the impact of the pandemic on the psychological state is quite different. The risk of psychopathological ... ...

Abstract	Background: It has been shown that the course of COVID-19 infection in the under-18 population was in many cases sparsely symptomatic. In contrast, the impact of the pandemic on the psychological state is quite different. The risk of psychopathological symptoms in children and adolescents increased and the course of already present psychiatric disorders has often been exacerbated. Objectives: Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of psychological and physical violence among children and adolescents and its change during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to investigate various factors that might affect violence. Methods: In this survey study, 782 responses were included, with 480 collected during the second and 302 during the fourth wave of COVID-19. In this cross-sectional study, an anonymous questionnaire was used to collect demographic data, medical history, mental state, psychopathological symptoms, as well as the presence of psychological, physical violence, and suicidal self-harm behaviors before (retrospectively) and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the under-18 population of the Lodz Voivodship. The survey was prepared using Google Forms. Results: A decrease in the prevalence of physical violence during both waves of the pandemic has been observed (6.39% vs. 3.45%; Conclusions: The observed decrease in physical violence during the COVID-19 pandemic suggests that in the studied group, home environment was not the main source of physical violence. Yet, we did not find any predicting factors for this form of violence. Violence, both physical and psychological, is a dangerous phenomenon in the under-18 population both in the pre-pandemic period and in crisis situations such as the pandemic.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2651993-8
ISSN	2076-3425
ISSN	2076-3425
DOI	10.3390/brainsci14010024
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Article: Affiliation to a Social Group as a Preventive Factor in Suicidal Behaviors in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Grzejszczak, Jagoda / Strzelecki, Dominik / Gabryelska, Agata / Kotlicka-Antczak, Magdalena

Children (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 10, Issue 2

Abstract: Suicide is one of the most common causes of death in the population of children and adolescents. Available data show the continuous growth of this phenomenon and the ineffectiveness of prevention programs. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic ... ...

Abstract	Suicide is one of the most common causes of death in the population of children and adolescents. Available data show the continuous growth of this phenomenon and the ineffectiveness of prevention programs. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected young people's mental health, including an increased risk of suicidal behaviors due to limited direct contact with the school and peer groups in favor of the home environment. Therefore, the aim of this narrative review was to consider the risk factors and protective factors for suicidal behavior in the under-18 population, with a particular focus on the importance of belonging to a social group and building identification with it as a phenomenon protecting against suicidal behavior. Additionally, in this review, we evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic affected these relationships. The PubMed database was used in the search with the following keywords: suicide, suicide behaviors, child and adolescent suicide behaviors, group affiliation, family affiliation, ethnicity, religious affiliation, and the COVID-19 pandemic, with articles published between 2002 and 2022 analyzed. Research conducted to date indicates that both sustained and stable family and peer relationships, as well as a sense of identification and belonging, noticeably reduce the risk of suicidal behavior. Ethnic or cultural affiliation seems to have been particularly important during the isolation in the home environment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, it has been shown that while in lockdown, contact through social media with individuals' identification groups was associated with a reduced chance of emotional crises. Furthermore, regardless of cultural background, attachment to a particular group correlates with enhanced psychiatric state of children and adolescents. Thus, available data highlight the need for building and maintaining affiliations with suitable groups as a protective factor against suicidal behaviors.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2732685-8
ISSN	2227-9067
ISSN	2227-9067
DOI	10.3390/children10020333
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Article: Major Depression and Onset of Frontotemporal Dementia.

Urban-Kowalczyk, Małgorzata / Kasjaniuk, Magdalena / Śmigielski, Janusz / Kotlicka-Antczak, Magdalena

Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment

2022 Volume 18, Page(s) 2807–2812

Abstract: Purpose: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is still a clinical challenge with the highest rate of misdiagnosis and poor outcome. The pathogenetic relationship between depression and neurodegeneration remains unclear. This study evaluated depression ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is still a clinical challenge with the highest rate of misdiagnosis and poor outcome. The pathogenetic relationship between depression and neurodegeneration remains unclear. This study evaluated depression prevalence before FTD diagnosis. Patients and methods: The aim was to assess the prevalence and impact of depression on FTD diagnostic process. The clinical characteristics of 72 patients hospitalized in Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders Medical University of Lodz between 2010 and 2020 with final diagnosis FTD were analyzed. The data referring to first psychiatric diagnosis, time from first psychopathological symptoms to clarification of FTD diagnosis were collected. The patients who did not undergo full neuropsychiatric verification were excluded from the analysis. Results: About 69% of patients had other concomitant diagnosis of mental disorders which was made prior to FTD diagnosis. Among this subsample, 71% revealed depression diagnosis with at least moderate severity. The patients whose first diagnosis was psychotic depression revealed the longest period from the appearance of the first psychopathological symptoms to the diagnosis of FTD in comparison to the subsample with other psychiatric diagnosis (p=0.034; mean 4.33±3.28 years vs mean 2.68±1.39 years). Conclusion: The severe depressive symptoms in older age may reflect the development of neurodegeneration before full-blown frontotemporal dementia symptomatology. We hypothesized that psychotic depression is a predictor of FTD. Further investigations in this field are required.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-29
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2186503-6
ISSN	1178-2021 ; 1176-6328
ISSN (online)	1178-2021
ISSN	1176-6328
DOI	10.2147/NDT.S390385
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Article: Evolution of γ chain cytokines: mechanisms, methods and applications

Antczak, Magdalena / Cañete, Pablo F. / Chen, Zhian / Belle, Clémence / Yu, Di

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal. 2022 Aug. 22,

2022

Abstract: The common γ chain family of cytokines and their receptors play fundamental roles in the immune system. Evolutionary studies of γ chain cytokines have elegantly illustrated how the immune system adapts to ever-changing environmental conditions. Indeed, ... ...

Abstract	The common γ chain family of cytokines and their receptors play fundamental roles in the immune system. Evolutionary studies of γ chain cytokines have elegantly illustrated how the immune system adapts to ever-changing environmental conditions. Indeed, these studies have revealed the uniqueness of cytokine evolution, which exhibits strong positive selection pressure needed to adapt to rapidly evolving threats whilst still conserving their receptor binding capabilities. In this review, we summarise the evolutionary mechanisms that gave rise to the characteristically diverse family of γ chain cytokines. We also speculate on the benefits of studying cytokine evolution, which may provide alternative ways to design novel cytokine therapeutic strategies. Additionally, we discuss current evolutionary models that elucidate the emergence of distinct cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13) and cytokine receptors (IL-2Rα and IL-15Rα). Finally, we address and reflect on the difficulties associated with evolutionary studies of rapidly evolving genes and describe a variety of computational methods that have revealed numerous aspects of cytokine evolution.
Keywords	biotechnology ; immune system ; interleukin-13 ; interleukin-4 ; selection pressure ; therapeutics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0822
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	2694435-2
ISSN	2001-0370
ISSN	2001-0370
DOI	10.1016/j.csbj.2022.08.050
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Evolution of γ chain cytokines: Mechanisms, methods and applications.

Antczak, Magdalena / Cañete, Pablo F / Chen, Zhian / Belle, Clémence / Yu, Di

Computational and structural biotechnology journal

2022 Volume 20, Page(s) 4746–4755

Abstract	The common γ chain family of cytokines and their receptors play fundamental roles in the immune system. Evolutionary studies of γ chain cytokines have elegantly illustrated how the immune system adapts to ever-changing environmental conditions. Indeed, these studies have revealed the uniqueness of cytokine evolution, which exhibits strong positive selection pressure needed to adapt to rapidly evolving threats whilst still conserving their receptor binding capabilities. In this review, we summarise the evolutionary mechanisms that gave rise to the characteristically diverse family of γ chain cytokines. We also speculate on the benefits of studying cytokine evolution, which may provide alternative ways to design novel cytokine therapeutic strategies. Additionally, we discuss current evolutionary models that elucidate the emergence of distinct cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13) and cytokine receptors (IL-2Rα and IL-15Rα). Finally, we address and reflect on the difficulties associated with evolutionary studies of rapidly evolving genes and describe a variety of computational methods that have revealed numerous aspects of cytokine evolution.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-25
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2694435-2
ISSN	2001-0370
ISSN	2001-0370
DOI	10.1016/j.csbj.2022.08.050
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Article ; Online: Are Children Harmed by Being Locked up at Home? The Impact of Isolation during the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Phenomenon of Domestic Violence.

Grzejszczak, Jagoda / Gabryelska, Agata / Gmitrowicz, Agnieszka / Kotlicka-Antczak, Magdalena / Strzelecki, Dominik

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 21

Abstract: The phenomenon of violence against children is a very complex one. There are many types of child abuse, and they are culturally dependent to a significant degree. Although studies show that children generally only suffer from mild COVID-19 infection, ... ...

Abstract	The phenomenon of violence against children is a very complex one. There are many types of child abuse, and they are culturally dependent to a significant degree. Although studies show that children generally only suffer from mild COVID-19 infection, some social restrictions introduced during the pandemic, such as home isolation, may have many severe consequences on the population's mental health. Studies on this topic suggest that violence against children increased during lockdown due to the COVID-10 pandemic. This narrative review summarizes this available literature on the subject and discusses the different forms of violence against children, their cultural aspects, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the phenomenon of violence, the long-term consequences of the above, and forms of assistance for abused minors.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Communicable Disease Control ; Domestic Violence/psychology ; Child Abuse/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph192113958
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Environmental conditions shape the nature of a minimal bacterial genome.

Antczak, Magdalena / Michaelis, Martin / Wass, Mark N

Nature communications

2019 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 3100

Abstract: Of the 473 genes in the genome of the bacterium with the smallest genome generated to date, 149 genes have unknown function, emphasising a universal problem; less than 1% of proteins have experimentally determined annotations. Here, we combine the ... ...

Abstract	Of the 473 genes in the genome of the bacterium with the smallest genome generated to date, 149 genes have unknown function, emphasising a universal problem; less than 1% of proteins have experimentally determined annotations. Here, we combine the results from state-of-the-art in silico methods for functional annotation and assign functions to 66 of the 149 proteins. Proteins that are still not annotated lack orthologues, lack protein domains, and/ or are membrane proteins. Twenty-four likely transporter proteins are identified indicating the importance of nutrient uptake into and waste disposal out of the minimal bacterial cell in a nutrient-rich environment after removal of metabolic enzymes. Hence, the environment shapes the nature of a minimal genome. Our findings also show that the combination of multiple different state-of-the-art in silico methods for annotating proteins is able to predict functions, even for difficult to characterise proteins and identify crucial gaps for further development.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptation, Biological/genetics ; Bacteria/genetics ; Computational Biology/methods ; Genes, Essential/genetics ; Genome, Bacterial/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Annotation/methods ; Software
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-019-10837-2
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: The Relationship Between Antipsychotic Treatment and Plasma β-Endorphin Concentration in Patients with Schizophrenia.

Urban-Kowalczyk, Małgorzata / Kotlicka-Antczak, Magdalena / Strzelecki, Dominik / Rudecka, Ewa / Śmigielski, Janusz

Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment

2021 Volume 17, Page(s) 503–512

Abstract: Objective: Some studies indicate the presence of elevated opioid levels in cases of schizophrenia and their relationship with negative symptoms. The pathogenesis of schizophrenia may be associated with an imbalance in the modulatory effect of opioids on ...

Abstract	Objective: Some studies indicate the presence of elevated opioid levels in cases of schizophrenia and their relationship with negative symptoms. The pathogenesis of schizophrenia may be associated with an imbalance in the modulatory effect of opioids on the dopaminergic system. The aim of the study was to identify the association between β-endorphin (BE) concentration and the outcome of short-term schizophrenia treatment. Methods: We examined 49 patients hospitalized due to exacerbation of schizophrenia symptoms and 47 controls without schizophrenia. The severity of psychopathological symptoms was evaluated using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at the onset of hospitalization, and after four, six and ten weeks of treatment. Patients were classified into negative (NEG) and mixed (M) psychopathological subtypes according to the PANSS composite index. Β-endorphin (BE) plasma concentrations were assessed in all participants; in patients on inclusion to the study and after six weeks of treatment. Results: The patients with schizophrenia demonstrated higher BE levels than controls. During six-week antipsychotic treatment, BE concentration significantly increased in both NEG (p=0.000) and M (p=0.007), and positive symptoms were effectively reduced. In the NEG group, the prevalence of negative symptoms decreased only transiently and returned to approximately baseline values after 10 weeks (p=0.268). In the M patients, the prevalence of negative symptoms increased gradually (p=0.001), with more severe positive and, notably, negative symptoms correlating with higher BE2 concentrations at the 10-week assessment (R= 0.47, p= 0.0135 vs R= 0.74, p=0.0000). In both NEG and M, a greater rise in BE2 level correlated with a lower composite index during treatment. Conclusion: Patients with schizophrenia demonstrate higher BE levels compared to controls. These changes in BE concentration during antipsychotic treatment could reflect the interaction between dopaminergic transmission and endogenous opioids. A rise in BE level following effective antipsychotic therapy could be a potential predictor of persisting negative symptoms.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-16
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2186503-6
ISSN	1178-2021 ; 1176-6328
ISSN (online)	1178-2021
ISSN	1176-6328
DOI	10.2147/NDT.S289821
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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