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Article ; Online: Analysis of Earthquake-Triggered Landslides through an Integrated Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Based Approach

Luca Schilirò / Luigi Massaro / Giovanni Forte / Antonio Santo / Paolo Tommasi

Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 1, p

A Case Study from Central Italy

2023 Volume 93

Abstract: Landslides are one of the most hazardous(危险) secondary(二次) effects of earthquakes(地震) due(由于) to the potential(潜在) for large-scale(规模) damage(损伤) and long-term(学期) alterations to landscapes. During the 2016–2017 seismic sequence(序列) in Central Italy, ... ...

Abstract	Landslides are one of the most hazardous(危险) secondary(二次) effects of earthquakes(地震) due(由于) to the potential(潜在) for large-scale(规模) damage(损伤) and long-term(学期) alterations to landscapes. During the 2016–2017 seismic sequence(序列) in Central Italy, many earthquake(地震)-triggered landslides (EQTLs) affected the road network(网络) and mountain trails. In this study, a methodological approach(方法) for analysing EQTLs, based on data(数据) derived from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) surveys, is shown. The approach(方法) is applied to investigate(探讨) the geometric, structural(结构), geomechanical, and kinematic features of the Foce rockslide, which is introduced in the back analysis(分析). The investigation(调查) involved three main(主要) steps: (i) set up of UAV-based Virtual Outcrop Models (VOMs) of the slope(边坡), (ii) a geomechanical characterisation of the rock mass(大众) through the VOM interpretation(解释) and conventional(常规) field data(数据), and (iii) 3D Limit Equilibrium (LE) slope(边坡) stability(稳定性) analyses(分析). This study highlights the potential(潜在) of UAV surveys for providing valuable(宝贵) data(数据) for stability(稳定性) analyses(分析), especially in emergency(紧急) conditions such(这样) as in the aftermath of seismic events.
Keywords	rockslide ; earthquake ; UAV ; rock mass characterisation ; stability analysis ; Central Italy ; Science ; Q
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Geotourism in the Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni UNESCO Global Geopark (Southern Italy)

Ettore Valente / Antonio Santo / Domenico Guida / Nicoletta Santangelo

Resources, Vol 9, Iss 52, p

The Middle Bussento Karst System

2020 Volume 52

Abstract: In this paper we want to stress the role of geotourism as a means to promote environmental education and, on occasion, as a way to increase the touristic interest of an area. Geoparks are certainly the territory where geotourism can be best exploited. We ...

Abstract	In this paper we want to stress the role of geotourism as a means to promote environmental education and, on occasion, as a way to increase the touristic interest of an area. Geoparks are certainly the territory where geotourism can be best exploited. We propose a geoitinerary to discover the amazing, but poorly known, Middle Bussento Karst System, with the blind valley of the Bussento River, in the southeast of the Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Global Geopark. This is the only example, in Southern Italy, of a stream sinking underground and it is the second longest subsurface river path in Italy, making this a core area of the Geopark. We combined field surveys and literature data to create a geoitinerary that can be useful in helping to promote this site. This geoitinerary is applicable to both simple generic visitors and geo-tourists and has an educational purpose, especially in explaining the significance and the fragility of karst areas in terms of environmental protection. Moreover, it may represent a sort of stimulus for the growth of touristic activity in this inner area of the Geopark.
Keywords	geotourism ; geomorphosites ; environmental education ; Cilento ; Vallo di Diano and Alburni Geopark ; Middle Bussento Karst System ; Science ; Q
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Monitoring of Plant Species and Communities on Coastal Cliffs

Sandro Strumia / Maurizio Buonanno / Giovanna Aronne / Antonio Santo / Annalisa Santangelo

Diversity, Vol 12, Iss 149, p

Is the Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Suitable?

2020 Volume 149

Abstract: Cliffs are reservoirs of biodiversity; therefore, many plant species and communities of inland and coastal cliffs are protected by Council Directive 92/43/EEC (European Economic Community), and their monitoring is mandatory in European Union countries. ... ...

Abstract	Cliffs are reservoirs of biodiversity; therefore, many plant species and communities of inland and coastal cliffs are protected by Council Directive 92/43/EEC (European Economic Community), and their monitoring is mandatory in European Union countries. Surveying plants on coastal cliff by traditional methods is challenging and alternatives are needed. We tested the use of a small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) as an alternative survey tool, gathering aerial images of cliffs at Palinuro Cape (Southern Italy). Four photo-interpreters analysed independently the derived orthomosaic and plotted data needed for the monitoring activity. Data showed to be not affected by photo-interpreters and reliable for the prescribed monitoring in the European Union (EU). Using the GIS analysis tools, we were able to: (a) recognise and map the plant species, (b) derive and measure the area of distribution on the cliff of habitat and species, and (c) count Eokochia saxicola individuals and gather quantitative data on their projected area. Quality of the images represented the main constraint, but incoming technological improvements of sensors and UAVs may overcome this problem. Overall results support the use of UAVs as an affordable and fast survey technique that can rapidly increase the number of studies on cliff habitats and improve ecological knowledge on their plant species and communities.
Keywords	Primula palinuri ; Dianthus rupicola ; chasmophytes ; rocky habitat ; plant mapping ; census technique ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Integration of a Probabilistic and a Geomorphic Method for the Optimization of Flood Detention Basins Design

Cinzia Albertini / Domenico Miglino / Gianluca Bove / Melania De Falco / Francesco De Paola / Alessandro Maria Dinuzzi / Andrea Petroselli / Francesco Pugliese / Caterina Samela / Antonio Santo / Giuseppe Speranza / Andrea Gioia / Salvatore Manfreda

Environmental Sciences Proceedings, Vol 21, Iss 9, p

2022 Volume 9

Abstract: The design of hydraulic structures needs to account for a trade-off between implementation costs and flood damages, as well as for the impacts on basins hydrological responses over a wide spectrum of events. In this work, a new methodology for ... ...

Abstract	The design of hydraulic structures needs to account for a trade-off between implementation costs and flood damages, as well as for the impacts on basins hydrological responses over a wide spectrum of events. In this work, a new methodology for dimensioning an in-line detention dam that integrates geomorphic, probabilistic and economic modeling is proposed. It is formulated as an economic optimization problem aimed at minimizing the sum of the construction cost and the cost of the residual flood risk on residential buildings. The optimization procedure was applied to a hypothetical in-line detention dam located upstream of the urban area of Castellammare di Stabia (Naples, Italy).
Keywords	flood control systems design ; flood risk ; flood damages ; mitigation measures ; urban areas ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Cover collapse sinkhole over a deep buried carbonate bedrock: The case study of Fossa San Vito (Sarno - Southern Italy)

Antonio, Santo / Ettore, Valente / Giovanni, Forte / Melania, De Falco / Nicoletta, Santangelo

Geomorphology. 2019 Aug. 05,

2019

Abstract: Sinkholes are widely found in Italy in both carbonate slopes and alluvial plain settings. Since they may occur catastrophically, without showing premonitory signs and resulting in severe economic losses and casualties, they constitute a significant risk ... ...

Abstract	Sinkholes are widely found in Italy in both carbonate slopes and alluvial plain settings. Since they may occur catastrophically, without showing premonitory signs and resulting in severe economic losses and casualties, they constitute a significant risk in many areas, and even pose a threat to human life. In this paper, we carried out a detailed multidisciplinary study of the Fossa San Vito sinkhole (southern Italy) that is a particular type of cover collapse sinkhole. The latter is a sub-circular, closed depression, with a diameter of ~200 m and with inner walls up to 25 m high, located in the piedmont area placed along the inner border of the Sarno River alluvial plain. The study entailed morphological and stratigraphic analysis by means of field surveys, including nine trenches, four boreholes, and the reinterpretation of stratigraphical data from the literature. In addition, hydrogeological and soil gas analysis were carried out to investigate the possible role of deep-water uprising. The study attempted to identify the genetic mechanism and include the reconstruction of a detailed subsurface stratigraphic model, showing that the infilling of the depression is about 45 m thick and consists of well-laminated, silty-clay lacustrine sediments interbedded with tephra layers. 14C dating of fossil wood found at the base of the lacustrine deposits constrains the age of the collapse at 5483 cal. years B.P. The collapse of the topographic surface involved a volume of about 400,000 cubic metres and originated at depth >80 m.
Keywords	alluvial plains ; bedrock ; carbonates ; case studies ; financial economics ; Fossa ; humans ; lacustrine sediments ; models ; old and fossil wood ; piedmont ; radiocarbon dating ; risk ; rivers ; silty clay soils ; soil air ; surveys ; tephra ; topography ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-0805
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	58028-4
ISSN	0169-555X
ISSN	0169-555X
DOI	10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.106838
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Analysis of sinkhole triggering mechanisms in the hinterland of Naples (southern Italy)

Scotto di Santolo, Anna / Antonio Santo / Giovanni Forte

Engineering geology. 2018 Apr. 10, v. 237

2018

Abstract: This paper deals with the analysis and verification of the most frequently occurring triggering mechanisms for sinkholes in urban areas over mine caves. The study analyzes the phenomena observed in the hinterland of Naples (Italy), where intense ... ...

Abstract	This paper deals with the analysis and verification of the most frequently occurring triggering mechanisms for sinkholes in urban areas over mine caves. The study analyzes the phenomena observed in the hinterland of Naples (Italy), where intense historical mining activity has left several shallow underground man-made caves and tunnels. Collapse generally occurs due to the presence of an underground void, with or without involving the failure of the cave roof. The triggering is mainly due to the increase in water content in the soil due to anthropogenic causes such as leakages from aqueducts and sewerage systems. In this study, the stability condition of underground man-made caves was assessed through a parametric analysis based on a database of the geometry of the caves. The mechanical parameters assumed in the analyses were obtained from several stratigraphic logs, in-situ tests and laboratory investigations. The findings permitted a case study to be identified for 2D numerical analysis. Two triggering mechanisms (scenarios) were investigated in order to back-analyze field observations. The results reproduce the width and depth of observed phenomena and suggest that sinkhole risk mitigation in urban areas can be obtained first and foremost with enhanced knowledge of cave and tunnel networks, and also with proper maintenance of buried pipelines.
Keywords	case studies ; caves ; databases ; geometry ; hinterland ; mining ; pipelines ; risk reduction ; sewage systems ; soil ; urban areas ; water content ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-0410
Size	p. 42-52.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ISSN	0013-7952
DOI	10.1016/j.enggeo.2018.02.014
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Validation of temperature-perturbation and CFD-based modelling for the prediction of the thermal urban environment: the Lecce (IT) case study

Maggiotto, Giuseppe / Laura Sandra Leo / Marco Antonio Santo / Riccardo Buccolieri / Silvana Di Sabatino

Environmental modelling & software. 2014 Oct., v. 60

2014

Abstract: This paper discusses the performance of the temperature perturbation-type ADMS-Temperature and Humidity Model (ADMS-TH) and the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-based model ENVI-met for the prediction of urban air temperature using measurements ... ...

Abstract	This paper discusses the performance of the temperature perturbation-type ADMS-Temperature and Humidity Model (ADMS-TH) and the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-based model ENVI-met for the prediction of urban air temperature using measurements collected in the city of Lecce (IT) in summer 2012. The goal is to identify the most important factors influencing numerical predictions. Direct comparisons with measured data and statistical indices show that modelled results are within the range of acceptance. Daily trends are well captured although an underestimation of maximum temperature is observed. In ADMS-TH this is due to an underestimation of sensible heat fluxes during daytime, while in ENVI-met it can be attributed to an underestimation of turbulent momentum and thermal diffusivity. Overall, ADMS-TH did predict the temperature cycle with higher accuracy than ENVI-met and its performance was particularly good during the night. ENVI-met required an ad-hoc tuning of surface boundary conditions to predict nocturnal cooling, satisfactorily.
Keywords	air temperature ; case studies ; computer software ; cooling ; environmental models ; fluid mechanics ; heat transfer ; humidity ; momentum ; prediction ; summer ; thermal diffusivity ; urban areas
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-10
Size	p. 69-83.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ISSN	1364-8152
DOI	10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.06.001
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Flood hazard of the Somma-Vesuvius region based on historical (19-20th century) and geomorphological data

Giuliana Alessio / Melania De Falco / Giuseppe Di Crescenzo / Rosa Nappi / Antonio Santo

Annals of Geophysics, Vol 56, Iss

2013 Volume 4

Abstract: This paper presents a preliminary susceptibility map of the flood hazard for the Somma-Vesuvius volcanic district, worked out by means of multi-disciplinary historical, geological, geomorphological and rainfall data processing. It is well known that the ... ...

Abstract	This paper presents a preliminary susceptibility map of the flood hazard for the Somma-Vesuvius volcanic district, worked out by means of multi-disciplinary historical, geological, geomorphological and rainfall data processing. It is well known that the Somma-Vesuvius volcano, due to its explosive volcanism and the dense urbanization of the surrounding area, with a population exceeding 650,000 is one of the most dangerous active volcanoes of the world. Although this area has been extensively studied from the volcanological point of view with regards to its volcanic hazard, there are currently not many detailed studies about its flood hazard factors, despite the fact that, in the last century, many intense rainfall events in this area have produced several floods that invaded the surrounding plains affecting towns and roads, and causing much damages and loss of lives. Accordingly, in this paper high-resolution DEM (5×5 m pixel) and detailed geomorphological maps of the whole area have been analyzed and processed in GIS environment, carrying out a comparative study of the present-day morphology and the morphology of the 1900’s volcanic edifice, including changes of infrastructures and buildings throughout the last century. These results, together with historical chronicles data and the rainfall accurate data for all flood events, have been processed in this paper for highlighting the drainage basins areas of Somma-Vesuvius where the flood phenomena could be more probable in the future, working out a preliminary zoning map, also suggesting in which sectors interventions useful for mitigation of flood risk should be implemented.
Keywords	Flood hazard ; Geomorphological data ; Somma-Vesuvius ; Geophysics. Cosmic physics ; QC801-809 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Science ; Q
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: On the Management of Nature-Based Solutions in Open-Air Laboratories

Glauco Gallotti / Marco Antonio Santo / Ilektra Apostolidou / Jacopo Alessandri / Alberto Armigliato / Bidroha Basu / Sisay Debele / Alessio Domeneghetti / Alejandro Gonzalez-Ollauri / Prashant Kumar / Angeliki Mentzafou / Francesco Pilla / Beatrice Pulvirenti / Paolo Ruggieri / Jeetendra Sahani / Aura Salmivaara / Arunima Sarkar Basu / Christos Spyrou / Nadia Pinardi /

Elena Toth / Silvia Unguendoli / Umesh Pranavam Ayyappan Pillai / Andrea Valentini / George Varlas / Filippo Zaniboni / Silvana Di Sabatino

Resources, Vol 10, Iss 36, p

New Insights and Future Perspectives

2021 Volume 36

Abstract: The adoption of Nature-Based Solutions (NBSs) represents a novel means to mitigate natural hazards. In the framework of the OPERANDUM project, this study introduces a methodology to assess the efficiency of the NBSs and a series of Open-Air Laboratories ( ...

Abstract	The adoption of Nature-Based Solutions (NBSs) represents a novel means to mitigate natural hazards. In the framework of the OPERANDUM project, this study introduces a methodology to assess the efficiency of the NBSs and a series of Open-Air Laboratories (OALs) regarded as a proof-of-concept for the wider uptake of NBSs. The OALs are located in Finland, Greece, UK, Italy, and Ireland. The methodology is based on a wide modeling activity, incorporated in the context of future climate scenarios. Herein, we present a series of models’ chains able to estimate the efficiency of the NBSs. While the presented models are mainly well-established, their coupling represents a first fundamental step in the study of the long-term efficacy and impact of the NBSs. In the selected sites, NBSs are utilized to cope with distinct natural hazards: floods, droughts, landslides, salt intrusion, and nutrient and sediment loading. The study of the efficacy of NBSs to mitigate these hazards belongs to a series of works devoted to the implementation of NBSs for environmental purposes. Our findings prove that land management plays a crucial role in the process. Specifically, the selected NBSs include intensive forestry; the conversion of urban areas to grassland; dunes; marine seagrass; water retention ponds; live cribwalls; and high-density plantations of woody vegetation and deep-rooted herbaceous vegetation. The management of natural resources should eventually consider the effect of NBSs on urban and rural areas, as their employment is becoming widespread.
Keywords	nature-based solutions ; nature-based solutions efficiency ; open-air laboratories ; natural hazard ; climate change ; mitigation policies ; Science ; Q
Subject code	710
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Bone Marrow Micrometastases in Breast Cancer Patients

Annamaria Molino / Monica Giovannini / Rocco Micciolo / Alessandra Auriemma / Elena Fiorio / Antonio Santo / Gian Luigi Cetto

Clinical Medicine Insights : Oncology, Vol 2, Pp 487-

A Long-Term Follow-up Study

2008 Volume 490

Abstract: In 125 early breast cancer patients who underwent multiple bone marrow aspirates, there was no significant difference in terms of disease-free and overall survival after a median follow-up of 163 months between the patients with or without ... ...

Abstract	In 125 early breast cancer patients who underwent multiple bone marrow aspirates, there was no significant difference in terms of disease-free and overall survival after a median follow-up of 163 months between the patients with or without micrometastasis at the time of primary surgery. However, when the time-dependent evolution of the bone marrow aspirates was taken into account, some evidence for a longer disease-free and overall survival was found for the patients with negative bone marrow.
Keywords	bone marrow ; breast cancer ; long-term follow-up ; micrometastases ; Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ; RC254-282 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Oncology ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Libertas Academica
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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