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  1. Article: Editorial: Protein kinase inhibitors in neurodegeneration and cancer targeted therapies.

    Anwar, Saleha / Ahmed, Azaj / Sarli, Vasiliki / Hassan, Imtaiyaz

    Frontiers in cell and developmental biology

    2024  Volume 12, Page(s) 1413293

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2737824-X
    ISSN 2296-634X
    ISSN 2296-634X
    DOI 10.3389/fcell.2024.1413293
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Investigating the role of thymol as a promising inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3 for targeted cancer therapy.

    Jairajpuri, Deeba Shamim / Khan, Shama / Anwar, Saleha / Hussain, Afzal / Alajmi, Mohamed F / Hassan, Imtaiyaz

    International journal of biological macromolecules

    2024  Volume 259, Issue Pt 2, Page(s) 129314

    Abstract: Protein kinases have emerged as major contributors to various diseases. They are currently exploited as a potential target in drug discovery because they play crucial roles in cell signaling, growth, and regulation. Their dysregulation is associated with ...

    Abstract Protein kinases have emerged as major contributors to various diseases. They are currently exploited as a potential target in drug discovery because they play crucial roles in cell signaling, growth, and regulation. Their dysregulation is associated with inflammatory disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3 (PDK3) has become an attractive drug target in cancer therapeutics. In the present study, we investigated the effective role of thymol in PDK3 inhibition due to the high affinity predicted through molecular docking studies. Hence, to better understand this inhibition mechanism, we carried out a 100 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to analyse the dynamics and stability of the PDK3-thymol complex. The PDK3-thymol complex was stable and energetically favourable, with many intramolecular hydrogen bond interactions in the PDK3-thymol complex. Enzyme inhibition assay showed significant inhibition of PDK3 by thymol, revealing potential inhibitory action of thymol towards PDK3 (IC
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase/chemistry ; Thymol/pharmacology ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Neoplasms/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase ; Thymol (3J50XA376E) ; Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 282732-3
    ISSN 1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
    ISSN (online) 1879-0003
    ISSN 0141-8130
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129314
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: The neuroprotective potential of phytochemicals in traumatic brain injury: mechanistic insights and pharmacological implications.

    Hasan, Gulam Mustafa / Anwar, Saleha / Shamsi, Anas / Sohal, Sukhwinder Singh / Hassan, Md Imtaiyaz

    Frontiers in pharmacology

    2024  Volume 14, Page(s) 1330098

    Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to brain damage, comprising both immediate primary damage and a subsequent cascade of secondary injury mechanisms. The primary injury results in localized brain damage, while the secondary damage initiates inflammatory ... ...

    Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to brain damage, comprising both immediate primary damage and a subsequent cascade of secondary injury mechanisms. The primary injury results in localized brain damage, while the secondary damage initiates inflammatory responses, followed by the disruption of the blood-brain barrier, infiltration of peripheral blood cells, brain edema, and the release of various immune mediators, including chemotactic factors and interleukins. TBI disrupts molecular signaling, cell structures, and functions. In addition to physical tissue damage, such as axonal injuries, contusions, and haemorrhages, TBI interferes with brain functioning, impacting cognition, decision-making, memory, attention, and speech capabilities. Despite a deep understanding of the pathophysiology of TBI, an intensive effort to evaluate the underlying mechanisms with effective therapeutic interventions is imperative to manage the repercussions of TBI. Studies have commenced to explore the potential of employing natural compounds as therapeutic interventions for TBI. These compounds are characterized by their low toxicity and limited interactions with conventional drugs. Moreover, many natural compounds demonstrate the capacity to target various aspects of the secondary injury process. While our understanding of the pathophysiology of TBI, there is an urgent need for effective therapeutic interventions to mitigate its consequences. Here, we aimed to summarize the mechanism of action and the role of phytochemicals against TBI progression. This review discusses the therapeutic implications of various phytonutrients and addresses primary and secondary consequences of TBI. In addition, we highlighted the roles of emerging phytochemicals as promising candidates for therapeutic intervention of TBI. The review highlights the neuroprotective roles of phytochemicals against TBI and the mechanistic approach. Furthermore, our efforts focused on the underlying mechanisms, providing a better understanding of the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals in TBI therapeutics.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2587355-6
    ISSN 1663-9812
    ISSN 1663-9812
    DOI 10.3389/fphar.2023.1330098
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  4. Article ; Online: Harnessing memantine in Alzheimer's disease therapy through inhibition of microtubule affinity-regulating kinase: Mechanistic insights.

    Anwar, Saleha / Choudhury, Arunabh / Hussain, Afzal / AlAjmi, Mohamed F / Hassan, Md Imtaiyaz / Islam, Asimul

    International journal of biological macromolecules

    2024  Volume 262, Issue Pt 2, Page(s) 130090

    Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects memory, thinking, and behavior, eventually leading to severe cognitive impairment. Therapeutic management of AD is urgently needed to improve the quality and ... ...

    Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects memory, thinking, and behavior, eventually leading to severe cognitive impairment. Therapeutic management of AD is urgently needed to improve the quality and lifestyle of patients. Tau phosphorylating kinases are considered attractive therapeutic targets. Microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 4 (MARK4) is directly linked with pathological phosphorylations of tau, highlighting its role in the therapeutic targeting of AD. The current manuscript shows the MARK4 inhibitory effect of Memantine (MEM), a drug used in treating AD. We have performed fluorescence based binding measurements, enzyme inhibition assay, docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to understand the binding of of MARK4 and MEM and subsequent inhibition in the kinase activity. A 100 ns MD simulations provided a detailed analysis of MARK4-MEM complex and the role of potential critical residues in the binding. Finally, this study provides molecular insights into the therapeutic implication of MEM in AD therapeutics. We propose MEM effectively inhibits MARK4, it may be implicated in the development of targeted and efficient treatments for AD.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Memantine/pharmacology ; Memantine/therapeutic use ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Microtubules/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Memantine (W8O17SJF3T) ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 282732-3
    ISSN 1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
    ISSN (online) 1879-0003
    ISSN 0141-8130
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130090
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Structure-based investigation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-3 inhibitory potential of thymoquinone, targeting lung cancer therapy.

    Alotaibi, Bader S / Hakami, Mohammed Ageeli / Anwar, Saleha / Mawkili, Wedad / Albaqami, Amirah / Hassan, Md Imtaiyaz

    International journal of biological macromolecules

    2024  Volume 265, Issue Pt 2, Page(s) 131064

    Abstract: Protein kinases are an attractive therapeutic target for cardiovascular, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Cancer cells demand energy generation through aerobic glycolysis, surpassing "oxidative phosphorylation" (OXPHOS) in mitochondria. The ... ...

    Abstract Protein kinases are an attractive therapeutic target for cardiovascular, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Cancer cells demand energy generation through aerobic glycolysis, surpassing "oxidative phosphorylation" (OXPHOS) in mitochondria. The pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) have many regulatory roles in energy generation balance by controlling the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Overexpression of PDKs is associated with the overall survival of cancer. PDK3, an isoform of PDK is highly expressed in various cancer types, is targeted for inhibition in this study. PDK3 has been shown to binds strongly with a natural compound, thymoquinone (TQ), which is known to exhibit anti-cancer potential. Detailed interaction between the PDK3 and TQ was carried out using spectroscopic and docking methods. The overall changes in the protein's structures after TQ binding were estimated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, circular dichroism and fluorescence binding studies. The kinase activity assay was also carried out to see the kinase inhibitory potential of TQ. The enzyme inhibition assay suggested an excellent inhibitory potential of TQ towards PDK3 (IC
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase/chemistry ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Oxidative Phosphorylation ; Benzoquinones
    Chemical Substances Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; thymoquinone (O60IE26NUF) ; Benzoquinones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-20
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 282732-3
    ISSN 1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
    ISSN (online) 1879-0003
    ISSN 0141-8130
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131064
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  6. Article ; Online: A review on mechanistic insights into structure and function of dystrophin protein in pathophysiology and therapeutic targeting of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

    Elasbali, Abdelbaset Mohamed / Al-Soud, Waleed Abu / Anwar, Saleha / Alhassan, Hassan H / Adnan, Mohd / Hassan, Md Imtaiyaz

    International journal of biological macromolecules

    2024  Volume 264, Issue Pt 1, Page(s) 130544

    Abstract: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder characterized by progressive and severe muscle weakening and degeneration. Among the various forms of muscular dystrophy, it stands out as one of the most common and impactful, ... ...

    Abstract Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive genetic disorder characterized by progressive and severe muscle weakening and degeneration. Among the various forms of muscular dystrophy, it stands out as one of the most common and impactful, predominantly affecting boys. The condition arises due to mutations in the dystrophin gene, a key player in maintaining the structure and function of muscle fibers. The manuscript explores the structural features of dystrophin protein and their pivotal roles in DMD. We present an in-depth analysis of promising therapeutic approaches targeting dystrophin and their implications for the therapeutic management of DMD. Several therapies aiming to restore dystrophin protein or address secondary pathology have obtained regulatory approval, and many others are ongoing clinical development. Notably, recent advancements in genetic approaches have demonstrated the potential to restore partially functional dystrophin forms. The review also provides a comprehensive overview of the status of clinical trials for major therapeutic genetic approaches for DMD. In addition, we have summarized the ongoing therapeutic approaches and advanced mechanisms of action for dystrophin restoration and the challenges associated with DMD therapeutics.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/therapy ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/pathology ; Dystrophin/genetics ; Dystrophin/metabolism ; Dystrophin/therapeutic use ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism ; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked
    Chemical Substances Dystrophin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-29
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 282732-3
    ISSN 1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
    ISSN (online) 1879-0003
    ISSN 0141-8130
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130544
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  7. Article ; Online: Identifying repurposed drugs as potential inhibitors of Apolipoprotein E: A bioinformatics approach to target complex diseases associated with lipid metabolism and neurodegeneration.

    Furkan, Mohammad / Khan, Mohd Shahnawaz / Shahwan, Moyad / Hassan, Nageeb / Yadav, Dharmendra Kumar / Anwar, Saleha / Khan, Rizwan Hasan / Shamsi, Anas

    International journal of biological macromolecules

    2024  Volume 259, Issue Pt 2, Page(s) 129167

    Abstract: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), a pivotal contributor to lipid metabolism and neurodegenerative disorders, emerges as an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Within this study, we deployed an integrated in-silico strategy, harnessing structure-based ... ...

    Abstract Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), a pivotal contributor to lipid metabolism and neurodegenerative disorders, emerges as an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Within this study, we deployed an integrated in-silico strategy, harnessing structure-based virtual screening, to identify potential compounds from DrugBank database. Employing molecular docking, we unveil initial hits by evaluating their binding efficiency with ApoE. This first tier of screening narrows our focus to compounds that exhibit a strong propensity to bind with ApoE. Further, a detailed interaction analysis was carried out to explore the binding patterns of the selected hits towards the ApoE binding site. The selected compounds were then evaluated for the biological properties in PASS analysis, which showed anti-neurodegenerative properties. Building upon this foundation, we delve deeper, employing all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations extending over an extensive 500 ns. In particular, Ergotamine and Dihydroergocristine emerge as noteworthy candidates, binding to ApoE in a competitive mode. This intriguing binding behavior positions these compounds as potential candidates warranting further analysis in the pursuit of novel therapeutics targeting complex diseases associated with lipid metabolism and neurodegeneration. This approach holds the promise of catalyzing advancements in therapeutic intervention for complex disorders, thereby reporting a meaningful pace towards improved healthcare outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Molecular Docking Simulation ; Lipid Metabolism ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Computational Biology ; Apolipoproteins E
    Chemical Substances Apolipoproteins E
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-02
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 282732-3
    ISSN 1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
    ISSN (online) 1879-0003
    ISSN 0141-8130
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129167
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  8. Article ; Online: Experimental and Computational Insights into the Molecular Interactions between Human Transferrin and Apigenin: Implications of Natural Compounds in Targeting Neuroinflammation.

    Shahwan, Moyad / Anwar, Saleha / Yadav, Dharmendra Kumar / Khan, Mohd Shahnawaz / Shamsi, Anas

    ACS omega

    2023  Volume 8, Issue 49, Page(s) 46967–46976

    Abstract: Neuroinflammation plays a vital role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and other neurodegenerative disorders (NDs). Presently, only symptomatic treatments are available and no disease-modifying drugs are available for AD and other NDs. Thus, ... ...

    Abstract Neuroinflammation plays a vital role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and other neurodegenerative disorders (NDs). Presently, only symptomatic treatments are available and no disease-modifying drugs are available for AD and other NDs. Thus, targeting AD-associated neuroinflammation with anti-inflammatory compounds and antioxidants has recently been given much focus. Now, flavonoids are being increasingly investigated as therapeutic agents to treat inflammation; apigenin has a neuroprotective effect. Iron dyshomeostasis plays a key role in sustaining the neuroinflammatory phenotype, highlighting the importance of maintaining iron balance, in which human transferrin (HTF) plays a vital role in this aspect. Herein, we explored the binding and dynamics of the HTF-apigenin complex using multifaceted computational and experimental approaches. Molecular docking revealed that apigenin occupies the iron-binding pocket of HTF, forming hydrogen bonds with critical residues Arg475 and Thr686. Molecular dynamics simulations deciphered a dynamic view of the HTF-apigenin complex's behavior (300 ns) and suggested that the complex maintained a relatively stable conformation. The results of spectroscopic observations delineated significant binding of apigenin with HTF and stable HTF-apigenin complex formation. The observed binding mechanism and conformational stability could pave the way for developing novel therapeutic strategies to target neuroinflammation by apigenin in the context of iron homeostasis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2470-1343
    ISSN (online) 2470-1343
    DOI 10.1021/acsomega.3c06799
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  9. Article ; Online: Identifying Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors with Drug Repurposing Approach: Implications in Vasodysfunctional Disorders.

    Khan, Mohd Shahnawaz / Mohammad, Hamza Ahmad / Shahwan, Moyad / Yadav, Dharmendra Kumar / Anwar, Saleha / Shamsi, Anas

    ChemistryOpen

    2023  , Page(s) e202300196

    Abstract: Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) is a multidomain protein that plays a crucial role in regulating cellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), a key signaling molecule involved in various physiological processes. Dysregulation of PDE5 and cGMP ... ...

    Abstract Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) is a multidomain protein that plays a crucial role in regulating cellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), a key signaling molecule involved in various physiological processes. Dysregulation of PDE5 and cGMP signaling is associated with a range of vasodysfunctional disorders, necessitating the development of effective therapeutic interventions. This study adopts comprehensive approach, combining virtual screening and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, to repurpose FDA-approved drugs as potential PDE5 inhibitors. The initial focus involves selecting compounds based on their binding affinity. Shortlisted compounds undergo a meticulous analysis for their drug profiling and biological significance, followed by the activity evaluation and interaction analysis. Notably, based on binding potential and drug profiling, two molecules, Dutasteride and Spironolactone, demonstrate strong potential as PDE5 inhibitors. Furthermore, all atom MD simulations were employed (500 ns) to explore dynamic behavior of Dutasteride and Spironolactone in complexes with PDE5. Principal components analysis (PCA) and free energy landscape (FEL) analyses are further leveraged to decipher that the binding of Dutasteride and Spironolactone stabilizes the structure of PDE5 with minimal conformational changes. In summary, Dutasteride and Spironolactone exhibit remarkable affinity for PDE5 and possess characteristics that suggest their potential as therapeutic agents for conditions associated with PDE5 dysfunction.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-07
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2655605-4
    ISSN 2191-1363 ; 2191-1363
    ISSN (online) 2191-1363
    ISSN 2191-1363
    DOI 10.1002/open.202300196
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  10. Article ; Online: Microtubule-affinity regulating kinase 4: A potential drug target for cancer therapy.

    Anwar, Saleha / Shahwan, Moyad / Hasan, Gulam Mustafa / Islam, Asimul / Hassan, Md Imtaiyaz

    Cellular signalling

    2022  Volume 99, Page(s) 110434

    Abstract: The human genome encodes more than 500 protein kinases that work by transferring the γ-phosphate group from ATP to serine, threonine, or tyrosine (Ser/Thr/Tyr) residues. Various kinases are associated with the onset of cancer and its further progression. ...

    Abstract The human genome encodes more than 500 protein kinases that work by transferring the γ-phosphate group from ATP to serine, threonine, or tyrosine (Ser/Thr/Tyr) residues. Various kinases are associated with the onset of cancer and its further progression. The recent advancements in developing small-molecule kinase inhibitors to treat different cancer types have shown noticeable results in clinical therapies. Microtubule-affinity regulating kinase 4 (MARK-4) is a Ser/Thr protein kinase that relates structurally to AMPK/Snf1 subfamily of the CaMK kinases. The protein kinase modulates major signalling pathways such as NF-κB, mTOR and the Hippo-signalling pathway. MARK4 is associated with various cancer types due to its important role in regulating microtubule dynamics and subsequent cell division. Aberrant expression of MARK4 is linked with several pathologies such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease, obesity, etc. This review provides detailed information on structural aspects of MARK4 and its role in various signalling pathways related to cancer. Several therapeutic molecules were designed to inhibit the MARK4 activity from controlling associated diseases. The review further highlights kinase-targeted drug discovery and development in oncology and cancer therapies. Finally, we summarize the latest findings regarding the role of MARK4 in cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disease path to provide a solid rationale for future investigation and therapeutic intervention.
    MeSH term(s) AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Humans ; Microtubules/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/metabolism ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism ; Phosphates/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Serine/metabolism ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Threonine/metabolism ; Tyrosine/metabolism
    Chemical Substances NF-kappa B ; Phosphates ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Threonine (2ZD004190S) ; Tyrosine (42HK56048U) ; Serine (452VLY9402) ; Adenosine Triphosphate (8L70Q75FXE) ; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.31)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1002702-6
    ISSN 1873-3913 ; 0898-6568
    ISSN (online) 1873-3913
    ISSN 0898-6568
    DOI 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110434
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