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  1. Article ; Online: Fatigue: Tough days at work change your prefrontal metabolites.

    Scholey, Emma / Apps, Matthew A J

    Current biology : CB

    2022  Volume 32, Issue 16, Page(s) R876–R879

    Abstract: New measurements of the metabolite and neurotransmitter glutamate in prefrontal cortex after a day of hard work indicate that it may be a brain marker of mental fatigue, re-energising searches for the biological roots of fatigue. ...

    Abstract New measurements of the metabolite and neurotransmitter glutamate in prefrontal cortex after a day of hard work indicate that it may be a brain marker of mental fatigue, re-energising searches for the biological roots of fatigue.
    MeSH term(s) Brain/metabolism ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Prefrontal Cortex/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Glutamic Acid (3KX376GY7L)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1071731-6
    ISSN 1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
    ISSN (online) 1879-0445
    ISSN 0960-9822
    DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.088
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3208: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article: Uncovering the neurophysiology of mood, motivation and behavioral symptoms in Parkinson's disease through intracranial recordings.

    Ricciardi, Lucia / Apps, Matthew / Little, Simon

    NPJ Parkinson's disease

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 136

    Abstract: Neuropsychiatric mood and motivation symptoms (depression, anxiety, apathy, impulse control disorders) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are highly disabling, difficult to treat and exacerbated by current medications and deep brain stimulation therapies. High- ... ...

    Abstract Neuropsychiatric mood and motivation symptoms (depression, anxiety, apathy, impulse control disorders) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are highly disabling, difficult to treat and exacerbated by current medications and deep brain stimulation therapies. High-resolution intracranial recording techniques have the potential to undercover the network dysfunction and cognitive processes that drive these symptoms, towards a principled re-tuning of circuits. We highlight intracranial recording as a valuable tool for mapping and desegregating neural networks and their contribution to mood, motivation and behavioral symptoms, via the ability to dissect multiplexed overlapping spatial and temporal neural components. This technique can be powerfully combined with behavioral paradigms and emerging computational techniques to model underlying latent behavioral states. We review the literature of intracranial recording studies investigating mood, motivation and behavioral symptomatology with reference to 1) emotional processing, 2) executive control 3) subjective valuation (reward & cost evaluation) 4) motor control and 5) learning and updating. This reveals associations between different frequency specific network activities and underlying cognitive processes of reward decision making and action control. If validated, these signals represent potential computational biomarkers of motivational and behavioural states and could lead to principled therapy development for mood, motivation and behavioral symptoms in PD.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2819218-7
    ISSN 2373-8057
    ISSN 2373-8057
    DOI 10.1038/s41531-023-00567-0
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  3. Article ; Online: Stimulating cingulate: distinct behaviours arise from discrete zones.

    Apps, Matthew A J

    Brain : a journal of neurology

    2019  Volume 141, Issue 10, Page(s) 2827–2830

    MeSH term(s) Electric Stimulation ; Emotions ; Gyrus Cinguli ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 80072-7
    ISSN 1460-2156 ; 0006-8950
    ISSN (online) 1460-2156
    ISSN 0006-8950
    DOI 10.1093/brain/awy224
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  4. Article ; Online: Social environment-based opportunity costs dictate when people leave social interactions.

    Gabay, Anthony S / Pisauro, Andrea / O'Nell, Kathryn C / Apps, Matthew A J

    Communications psychology

    2024  Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) 42

    Abstract: There is an ever-increasing understanding of the cognitive mechanisms underlying how we process others' behaviours during social interactions. However, little is known about how people decide when ... ...

    Abstract There is an ever-increasing understanding of the cognitive mechanisms underlying how we process others' behaviours during social interactions. However, little is known about how people decide when to
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2731-9121
    ISSN (online) 2731-9121
    DOI 10.1038/s44271-024-00094-5
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  5. Article ; Online: Preferences for seeking effort or reward information bias the willingness to work.

    Müller, Tanja / Husain, Masud / Apps, Matthew A J

    Scientific reports

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 19486

    Abstract: Research suggests that the temporal order in which people receive information about costs and benefits whilst making decisions can influence their choices. But, do people have a preference for seeking information about costs or benefits when making ... ...

    Abstract Research suggests that the temporal order in which people receive information about costs and benefits whilst making decisions can influence their choices. But, do people have a preference for seeking information about costs or benefits when making effort-based decisions, and does this impact motivation? Here, participants made choices about whether to exert different levels of physical effort to obtain different magnitudes of reward, or rest for low reward. Prior to each effort-based choice, they also had to decide which information they wanted to see first: how much physical effort would be required, or how large the reward would be. We found no overall preference for seeking reward or effort information first, but motivation did change when people saw reward or effort information first. Seeking effort information first, both someone's average tendency to do so and their choice to see effort first on a given trial, was associated with reductions in the willingness to exert higher effort. Moreover, the tendency to prefer effort information first was associated with reduced vigorous exercise and higher levels of fatigue in everyday life. These findings highlight that preferences for seeking effort information may be a bias that reduces people's willingness to exert effort in the lab and in everyday life.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Reward ; Decision Making ; Motivation ; Physical Exertion
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-21917-7
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  6. Article ; Online: Motivational fatigue: A neurocognitive framework for the impact of effortful exertion on subsequent motivation.

    Müller, Tanja / Apps, Matthew A J

    Neuropsychologia

    2018  Volume 123, Page(s) 141–151

    Abstract: Fatigue - a feeling of exhaustion arising from exertion - is a significant barrier to successful behaviour and one of the most prominent symptoms in primary care. During extended behaviours, fatigue increases over time, leading to decrements in ... ...

    Abstract Fatigue - a feeling of exhaustion arising from exertion - is a significant barrier to successful behaviour and one of the most prominent symptoms in primary care. During extended behaviours, fatigue increases over time, leading to decrements in performance in both cognitively and physically demanding tasks. However, to date, theoretical accounts of fatigue have not fully characterised the neuroanatomical basis of cognitive and physical fatigue nor placed results within broader discussions of the functional properties of the systems implicated. Here, we review recent neurophysiological and neuroimaging research that has begun to identify the neural mechanisms underlying changes in behaviour occurring due to fatigue. Strikingly, this research has implicated systems in the brain, including the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), anterior insula, and lateral prefrontal cortex, that in separate lines of research have been linked to motivating the exertion of effort, to persisting towards goals and to processing one's internal states. We put forward a neurocognitive framework for fatigue and its impact on motivation. Levels of fatigue arising from effortful behaviours impact on processing in systems that weigh up the costs and benefits of exerting effort. As a result, as levels of fatigue rise, the value of exerting effort into a task declines, leading to reductions in performance. This account provides a new framework for understanding the effects of fatigue during cognitively and physically demanding tasks as well as for understanding motivational impairments in health and disease.
    MeSH term(s) Brain/physiology ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology ; Fatigue/psychology ; Gyrus Cinguli/physiology ; Humans ; Models, Neurological ; Motivation/physiology ; Physical Exertion ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Psychomotor Performance/physiology ; Reward
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 207151-4
    ISSN 1873-3514 ; 0028-3932
    ISSN (online) 1873-3514
    ISSN 0028-3932
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.04.030
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 524: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  7. Article ; Online: Foraging optimally in social neuroscience: computations and methodological considerations.

    Gabay, Anthony S / Apps, Matthew A J

    Social cognitive and affective neuroscience

    2020  Volume 16, Issue 8, Page(s) 782–794

    Abstract: Research in social neuroscience has increasingly begun to use the tools of computational neuroscience to better understand behaviour. Such approaches have proven fruitful for probing underlying neural mechanisms. However, little attention has been paid ... ...

    Abstract Research in social neuroscience has increasingly begun to use the tools of computational neuroscience to better understand behaviour. Such approaches have proven fruitful for probing underlying neural mechanisms. However, little attention has been paid to how the structure of experimental tasks relates to real-world decisions, and the problems that brains have evolved to solve. To go significantly beyond current understanding, we must begin to use paradigms and mathematical models from behavioural ecology, which offer insights into the decisions animals must make successfully in order to survive. One highly influential theory-marginal value theorem (MVT)-precisely characterises and provides an optimal solution to a vital foraging decision that most species must make: the patch-leaving problem. Animals must decide when to leave collecting rewards in a current patch (location) and travel somewhere else. We propose that many questions posed in social neuroscience can be approached as patch-leaving problems. A richer understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying social behaviour will be obtained by using MVT. In this 'tools of the trade' article, we outline the patch-leaving problem, the computations of MVT and discuss the application to social neuroscience. Furthermore, we consider the practical challenges and offer solutions for designing paradigms probing patch leaving, both behaviourally and when using neuroimaging techniques.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Attention ; Cognitive Neuroscience ; Neurosciences ; Reward ; Social Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2236933-8
    ISSN 1749-5024 ; 1749-5016
    ISSN (online) 1749-5024
    ISSN 1749-5016
    DOI 10.1093/scan/nsaa037
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  8. Article ; Online: Computational mechanisms underlying the dynamics of physical and cognitive fatigue.

    Matthews, Julian / Pisauro, M Andrea / Jurgelis, Mindaugas / Müller, Tanja / Vassena, Eliana / Chong, Trevor T-J / Apps, Matthew A J

    Cognition

    2023  Volume 240, Page(s) 105603

    Abstract: The willingness to exert effort for reward is essential but comes at the cost of fatigue. Theories suggest fatigue increases after both physical and cognitive exertion, subsequently reducing the motivation to exert effort. Yet a mechanistic understanding ...

    Abstract The willingness to exert effort for reward is essential but comes at the cost of fatigue. Theories suggest fatigue increases after both physical and cognitive exertion, subsequently reducing the motivation to exert effort. Yet a mechanistic understanding of how this happens on a moment-to-moment basis, and whether mechanisms are common to both mental and physical effort, is lacking. In two studies, participants reported momentary (trial-by-trial) ratings of fatigue during an effort-based decision-making task requiring either physical (grip-force) or cognitive (mental arithmetic) effort. Using a novel computational model, we show that fatigue fluctuates from trial-to-trial as a function of exerted effort and predicts subsequent choices. This mechanism was shared across the domains. Selective to the cognitive domain, committing errors also induced momentary increases in feelings of fatigue. These findings provide insight into the computations underlying the influence of effortful exertion on fatigue and motivation, in both physical and cognitive domains.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Motivation ; Emotions ; Reward ; Cognition
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-28
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1499940-7
    ISSN 1873-7838 ; 0010-0277
    ISSN (online) 1873-7838
    ISSN 0010-0277
    DOI 10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105603
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  9. Article ; Online: Social Learning in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex.

    Apps, Matthew A J / Sallet, Jérôme

    Trends in cognitive sciences

    2017  Volume 21, Issue 3, Page(s) 151–152

    Abstract: The ACC, and neighbouring areas, are among the most controversial and investigated brain areas in cognitive neuroscience. Despite the wealth of studies, there has been a significant absence of studies recording from the gyrus of the ACC (ACCg). In their ... ...

    Abstract The ACC, and neighbouring areas, are among the most controversial and investigated brain areas in cognitive neuroscience. Despite the wealth of studies, there has been a significant absence of studies recording from the gyrus of the ACC (ACCg). In their recent study Hill and colleagues provide a rare examination of the properties of the ACCg. We highlight the emerging role of this region in signalling the key computations that drive social learning processes.
    MeSH term(s) Brain ; Brain Mapping ; Gyrus Cinguli/physiology ; Humans ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Social Learning
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-02-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2010989-1
    ISSN 1879-307X ; 1364-6613
    ISSN (online) 1879-307X
    ISSN 1364-6613
    DOI 10.1016/j.tics.2017.01.008
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  10. Article ; Online: Acute stress reduces effortful prosocial behaviour.

    Forbes, Paul A G / Aydogan, Gökhan / Braunstein, Julia / Todorova, Boryana / Wagner, Isabella C / Lockwood, Patricia L / Apps, Matthew A J / Ruff, Christian C / Lamm, Claus

    eLife

    2024  Volume 12

    Abstract: Acute stress can change our cognition and emotions, but what specific consequences this has for human prosocial behaviour is unclear. Previous studies have mainly investigated prosociality with financial transfers in economic games and produced ... ...

    Abstract Acute stress can change our cognition and emotions, but what specific consequences this has for human prosocial behaviour is unclear. Previous studies have mainly investigated prosociality with financial transfers in economic games and produced conflicting results. Yet a core feature of many types of prosocial behaviour is that they are effortful. We therefore examined how acute stress changes our willingness to exert effort that benefits others. Healthy male participants - half of whom were put under acute stress - made decisions whether to exert physical effort to gain money for themselves or another person. With this design, we could independently assess the effects of acute stress on prosocial, compared to self-benefitting, effortful behaviour. Compared to controls (n = 45), participants in the stress group (n = 46) chose to exert effort more often for self- than for other-benefitting rewards at a low level of effort. Additionally, the adverse effects of stress on prosocial effort were particularly pronounced in more selfish participants. Neuroimaging combined with computational modelling revealed a putative neural mechanism underlying these effects: more stressed participants showed increased activation to subjective value in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and anterior insula when they themselves could benefit from their exerted effort relative to when someone else could. By using an effort-based task that better approximates real-life prosocial behaviour and incorporating trait differences in prosocial tendencies, our study provides important insights into how acute stress affects prosociality and its associated neural mechanisms.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Altruism ; Cognition ; Computer Simulation ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Emotions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2687154-3
    ISSN 2050-084X ; 2050-084X
    ISSN (online) 2050-084X
    ISSN 2050-084X
    DOI 10.7554/eLife.87271
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