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  1. Article ; Online: Coccidioidomycosis in Latin America.

    Laniado-Laborín, Rafael / Arathoon, Eduardo G / Canteros, Cristina / Muñiz-Salazar, Raquel / Rendon, Adrián

    Medical mycology

    2019  Volume 57, Issue Supplement_1, Page(s) S46–S55

    Abstract: Coccidioidomycosis is a highly prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America and has been reported (human and zoonotic cases) in México, Guatemala, Honduras, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Argentina. The incidence of coccidioidomycosis ...

    Abstract Coccidioidomycosis is a highly prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America and has been reported (human and zoonotic cases) in México, Guatemala, Honduras, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Argentina. The incidence of coccidioidomycosis in Latin America is unknown due to lack of clinical awareness and limited access to laboratory diagnosis. Coccidioidomycosis is as prevalent in Mexico as in the endemic regions of the United States. The number of cases reported in Brazil and Argentina has progressively increased during the last decade, including areas that were not considered as endemic. Genetic studies have shown that the prevalent species in Latin America is Coccidioides posadasii. Coccidioides immitis has been reported sporadically in indigenous cases from Mexico and Colombia. Coccidioidomycosis and tuberculosis share some risk factors such as immunosuppression and residing in areas endemic for these conditions, so their coexistence in the same patient is not uncommon in Latin America. In most regions, clinical diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis is based on direct sputum examination and histopathology results from biopsies or autopsies. This would explain why primary coccidioidomycosis is rarely diagnosed, and most cases published are about chronic pulmonary or disseminated disease.
    MeSH term(s) Coccidioides/genetics ; Coccidioides/isolation & purification ; Coccidioidomycosis/diagnosis ; Coccidioidomycosis/epidemiology ; Endemic Diseases/prevention & control ; Endemic Diseases/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Latin America/epidemiology ; Sputum/microbiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1421796-x
    ISSN 1460-2709 ; 1369-3786
    ISSN (online) 1460-2709
    ISSN 1369-3786
    DOI 10.1093/mmy/myy037
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Increased risk of miscarriage among women experiencing physical or sexual intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Guatemala City, Guatemala: cross-sectional study.

    Johri, Mira / Morales, Rosa E / Boivin, Jean-François / Samayoa, Blanca E / Hoch, Jeffrey S / Grazioso, Carlos F / Barrios Matta, Ingrid J / Sommen, Cécile / Baide Diaz, Eva L / Fong, Hector R / Arathoon, Eduardo G

    BMC pregnancy and childbirth

    2011  Volume 11, Page(s) 49

    Abstract: Background: Violence against women by their male intimate partners (IPV) during pregnancy may lead to negative pregnancy outcomes. We examined the role of IPV as a potential risk factor for miscarriage in Guatemala. Our objectives were: (1) To describe ... ...

    Abstract Background: Violence against women by their male intimate partners (IPV) during pregnancy may lead to negative pregnancy outcomes. We examined the role of IPV as a potential risk factor for miscarriage in Guatemala. Our objectives were: (1) To describe the magnitude and pattern of verbal, physical and sexual violence by male intimate partners in the last 12 months (IPV) in a sample of pregnant Guatemalans; (2) To evaluate the influence of physical or sexual IPV on miscarriage as a pregnancy outcome.
    Methods: All pregnant women reporting to the maternity of a major tertiary care public hospital in Guatemala City from June 1st to September 30th, 2006 were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. The admitting physician assessed occurrence of miscarriage, defined as involuntary pregnancy loss up to and including 28 weeks gestation. Data on IPV, social and demographic characteristics, risk behaviours, and medical history were collected by interviewer-administered questionnaire. Laboratory testing was performed for HIV and syphilis. The relationship between IPV and miscarriage was assessed through multivariable logistic regression.
    Results: IPV affected 18% of the 1897 pregnant Guatemalan women aged 15-47 in this sample. Verbal IPV was most common (16%), followed by physical (10%) and sexual (3%) victimisation. Different forms of IPV were often co-prevalent. Miscarriage was experienced by 10% of the sample (n = 190). After adjustment for potentially confounding factors, physical or sexual victimisation by a male intimate partner in the last 12 months was significantly associated with miscarriage (ORadj 1.1 to 2.8). Results were robust under a range of analytic assumptions.
    Conclusions: Physical and sexual IPV is associated with miscarriage in this Guatemalan facility-based sample. Results cohere well with findings from population-based surveys. IPV should be recognised as a potential cause of miscarriage. Reproductive health services should be used to screen for spousal violence and link to assistance.
    MeSH term(s) Abortion, Spontaneous/epidemiology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Battered Women/statistics & numerical data ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Guatemala ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Maternal Welfare/statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology ; Prenatal Care/organization & administration ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Spouse Abuse/statistics & numerical data ; Women's Health ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-07-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1471-2393
    ISSN (online) 1471-2393
    DOI 10.1186/1471-2393-11-49
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Increased risk of miscarriage among women experiencing physical or sexual intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Guatemala City, Guatemala

    Hoch Jeffrey S / Samayoa Blanca E / Boivin Jean-François / Morales Rosa E / Johri Mira / Grazioso Carlos F / Barrios Matta Ingrid J / Sommen Cécile / Baide Diaz Eva L / Fong Hector R / Arathoon Eduardo G

    BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, Vol 11, Iss 1, p

    cross-sectional study

    2011  Volume 49

    Abstract: Abstract Background Violence against women by their male intimate partners (IPV) during pregnancy may lead to negative pregnancy outcomes. We examined the role of IPV as a potential risk factor for miscarriage in Guatemala. Our objectives were: (1) To ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Violence against women by their male intimate partners (IPV) during pregnancy may lead to negative pregnancy outcomes. We examined the role of IPV as a potential risk factor for miscarriage in Guatemala. Our objectives were: (1) To describe the magnitude and pattern of verbal, physical and sexual violence by male intimate partners in the last 12 months (IPV) in a sample of pregnant Guatemalans; (2) To evaluate the influence of physical or sexual IPV on miscarriage as a pregnancy outcome. Methods All pregnant women reporting to the maternity of a major tertiary care public hospital in Guatemala City from June 1st to September 30th, 2006 were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. The admitting physician assessed occurrence of miscarriage, defined as involuntary pregnancy loss up to and including 28 weeks gestation. Data on IPV, social and demographic characteristics, risk behaviours, and medical history were collected by interviewer-administered questionnaire. Laboratory testing was performed for HIV and syphilis. The relationship between IPV and miscarriage was assessed through multivariable logistic regression. Results IPV affected 18% of the 1897 pregnant Guatemalan women aged 15-47 in this sample. Verbal IPV was most common (16%), followed by physical (10%) and sexual (3%) victimisation. Different forms of IPV were often co-prevalent. Miscarriage was experienced by 10% of the sample ( n = 190). After adjustment for potentially confounding factors, physical or sexual victimisation by a male intimate partner in the last 12 months was significantly associated with miscarriage (ORadj 1.1 to 2.8). Results were robust under a range of analytic assumptions. Conclusions Physical and sexual IPV is associated with miscarriage in this Guatemalan facility-based sample. Results cohere well with findings from population-based surveys. IPV should be recognised as a potential cause of miscarriage. Reproductive health services should be used to screen for spousal violence and link to assistance.
    Keywords Gynecology and obstetrics ; RG1-991 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Gynecology and Obstetrics ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BioMed Central
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Randomized, double-blind, multicenter study of caspofungin versus amphotericin B for treatment of oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiases.

    Arathoon, Eduardo G / Gotuzzo, Eduardo / Noriega, L Miguel / Berman, Rayanne S / DiNubile, Mark J / Sable, Carole A

    Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

    2001  Volume 46, Issue 2, Page(s) 451–457

    Abstract: Caspofungin is an antifungal agent of the novel echinocandin class. We investigated its efficacy, safety, and tolerability as therapy for oropharyngeal and/or esophageal candidiasis in a phase II dose-ranging study. Patients were randomized in a double- ... ...

    Abstract Caspofungin is an antifungal agent of the novel echinocandin class. We investigated its efficacy, safety, and tolerability as therapy for oropharyngeal and/or esophageal candidiasis in a phase II dose-ranging study. Patients were randomized in a double-blind manner to receive either caspofungin acetate (35, 50, or 70 mg) or amphotericin B (0.5 mg/kg of body weight) intravenously once daily for 7 to 14 days. A favorable response required both complete resolution of symptoms and quantifiable improvement of mucosal lesions 3 to 4 days after discontinuation of study drug. Efficacy was assessed using a modified intent-to-treat analysis. No hypothesis testing of efficacy was planned or performed. Of 140 enrolled patients, 63% had esophageal involvement and 98% were infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (median CD4 count, 30/mm(3)). A modestly higher proportion of patients in each of the caspofungin groups (74 to 91%) achieved favorable responses compared to amphotericin B recipients (63%), but there was considerable overlap in the 95% confidence intervals surrounding these point estimates. Similar trends were found in the subgroups with esophageal involvement, a history of fluconazole failure, and CD4 counts of < or =50/mm(3). A smaller proportion of patients receiving any dose of caspofungin experienced drug-related adverse events compared to patients given standard doses of conventional amphotericin B (P < 0.01). Caspofungin provided a generally well-tolerated parenteral therapeutic option for HIV-infected patients with oropharyngeal and/or esophageal candidiasis in this study.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Amphotericin B/adverse effects ; Amphotericin B/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Antifungal Agents/adverse effects ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Candidiasis/drug therapy ; Caspofungin ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Tolerance ; Echinocandins ; Esophageal Diseases/drug therapy ; Esophageal Diseases/microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Lipopeptides ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptides ; Peptides, Cyclic ; Pharyngeal Diseases/drug therapy ; Pharyngeal Diseases/microbiology ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antifungal Agents ; Echinocandins ; Lipopeptides ; Peptides ; Peptides, Cyclic ; Amphotericin B (7XU7A7DROE) ; Caspofungin (F0XDI6ZL63)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2001-10-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 217602-6
    ISSN 1098-6596 ; 0066-4804
    ISSN (online) 1098-6596
    ISSN 0066-4804
    DOI 10.1128/AAC.46.2.451-457.2002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Einzelsignatur: Show issues

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  5. Article: A randomized double-blind study of caspofungin versus fluconazole for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis.

    Villanueva, Alvaro / Gotuzzo, Eduardo / Arathoon, Eduardo G / Noriega, L Miguel / Kartsonis, Nicholas A / Lupinacci, Robert J / Smietana, Juanita M / DiNubile, Mark J / Sable, Carole A

    The American journal of medicine

    2002  Volume 113, Issue 4, Page(s) 294–299

    Abstract: Background: Candida esophagitis remains an important cause of morbidity in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Fluconazole is widely regarded as the treatment of choice for this condition.: Methods: The efficacy and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Candida esophagitis remains an important cause of morbidity in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Fluconazole is widely regarded as the treatment of choice for this condition.
    Methods: The efficacy and safety of caspofungin were compared with fluconazole in adult patients with Candida esophagitis in a double-blind randomized trial. Eligible patients had symptoms compatible with esophagitis, endoscopic demonstration of mucosal plaques, and microscopic demonstration of Candida from the esophageal lesions. Patients were randomly assigned to receive caspofungin (50 mg) or fluconazole (200 mg) intravenously once daily for 7 to 21 days. The primary endpoint was the combined response of symptom resolution and significant endoscopic improvement 5 to 7 days after discontinuation of treatment. Data were analyzed with a modified intention-to-treat analysis, which excluded 2 ineligible patients.
    Results: Most patients (154/177; 87%) had HIV infection, with a median CD4 count of 30 cells/mm(3). Candida albicans was the predominant isolate. Favorable response rates were achieved in 66 (81%) of the 81 patients in the caspofungin arm and in 80 (85%) of the 94 patients in the fluconazole arm (difference = -4%; 95% confidence interval: -15% to +8%). Symptoms had resolved in >50% of patients in both groups by the fifth day of treatment. No patient in the caspofungin group developed a serious drug-related adverse event; therapy was only discontinued in 1 patient (receiving fluconazole) due to a drug-related adverse experience. Four weeks after stopping study drug, symptoms had recurred in 18 (28%) of 64 patients given caspofungin and in 12 (17%) of 72 patients given fluconazole (P = 0.19).
    Conclusions: In this study, caspofungin appeared to be as efficacious and generally as well tolerated as fluconazole in patients with advanced HIV infection and documented Candida esophagitis.
    MeSH term(s) AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy ; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/pathology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Antifungal Agents/administration & dosage ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Candidiasis, Oral/drug therapy ; Candidiasis, Oral/pathology ; Caspofungin ; Chile ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Echinocandins ; Esophagitis/drug therapy ; Esophagitis/pathology ; Esophagoscopy ; Female ; Fluconazole/administration & dosage ; Fluconazole/therapeutic use ; Guatemala ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Lipopeptides ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pennsylvania ; Peptides ; Peptides, Cyclic ; Peru ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antifungal Agents ; Echinocandins ; Lipopeptides ; Peptides ; Peptides, Cyclic ; Fluconazole (8VZV102JFY) ; Caspofungin (F0XDI6ZL63)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2002-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80015-6
    ISSN 1555-7162 ; 1873-2178 ; 0002-9343 ; 1548-2766
    ISSN (online) 1555-7162 ; 1873-2178
    ISSN 0002-9343 ; 1548-2766
    DOI 10.1016/s0002-9343(02)01191-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Ua VI Zs.289: Show issues Location:
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