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Article ; Online: An Assessment of Soil Phytolith Analysis as a Palaeoecological Tool for Identifying Pre-Columbian Land Use in Amazonian Rainforests

Hill, James / Black, Stuart / Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro / Boot, Rene / Brienen, Roel / Feldpausch, Ted / Leigue, John / Murakami, Samaria / Monteagudo, Abel / Pardo, Guido / Peña-Claros, Marielos / Phillips, Oliver L. / Toledo, Marisol / Vos, Vincent / Zuidema, Pieter / Mayle, Francis E.

Quaternary

2023 Volume 6, Issue 2

Abstract: Phytolith analysis is a well-established archaeobotanical tool, having provided important insights into pre-Columbian crop cultivation and domestication across Amazonia through the Holocene. Yet, its use as a palaeoecological tool is in its infancy in ... ...

Abstract	Phytolith analysis is a well-established archaeobotanical tool, having provided important insights into pre-Columbian crop cultivation and domestication across Amazonia through the Holocene. Yet, its use as a palaeoecological tool is in its infancy in Amazonia and its effectiveness for reconstructing pre-Columbian land-use beyond archaeological sites (i.e., ‘off-site’) has so far received little critical attention. This paper examines both new and previously published soil phytolith data from SW Amazonia to assess the robustness of this proxy for reconstructing pre-Columbian land-use. We conducted the study via off-site soil pits radiating 7.5 km beyond a geoglyph in Acre state, Brazil, and 50 km beyond a ring-ditch in northern Bolivia, spanning the expected gradients in historical land-use intensity. We found that the spatio-temporal patterns in palm phytolith data across our soil-pit transects support the hypothesis that pre-Columbian peoples enriched their forests with palms over several millennia, although phytoliths are limited in their ability to capture small-scale crop cultivation and deforestation. Despite these drawbacks, we conclude that off-site soil phytolith analysis can provide novel insights into pre-Columbian land use, provided it is effectively integrated with other land-use (e.g., charcoal) and archaeological data.
Keywords	Amazonia ; Holocene ; palaeoecology ; phytoliths ; pre-Columbian
Language	English
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	2571-550X
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Thinner bark increases sensitivity of wetter Amazonian tropical forests to fire.

Staver, Ann Carla / Brando, Paulo M / Barlow, Jos / Morton, Douglas C / Paine, C E Timothy / Malhi, Yadvinder / Araujo Murakami, Alejandro / Del Aguila Pasquel, Jhon

Ecology letters

2019 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 99–106

Abstract: Understory fires represent an accelerating threat to Amazonian tropical forests and can, during drought, affect larger areas than deforestation itself. These fires kill trees at rates varying from < 10 to c. 90% depending on fire intensity, forest ... ...

Abstract	Understory fires represent an accelerating threat to Amazonian tropical forests and can, during drought, affect larger areas than deforestation itself. These fires kill trees at rates varying from < 10 to c. 90% depending on fire intensity, forest disturbance history and tree functional traits. Here, we examine variation in bark thickness across the Amazon. Bark can protect trees from fires, but it is often assumed to be consistently thin across tropical forests. Here, we show that investment in bark varies, with thicker bark in dry forests and thinner in wetter forests. We also show that thinner bark translated into higher fire-driven tree mortality in wetter forests, with between 0.67 and 5.86 gigatonnes CO
MeSH term(s)	Carbon Cycle ; Forests ; Plant Bark ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Trees
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1441608-6
ISSN	1461-0248 ; 1461-023X
ISSN (online)	1461-0248
ISSN	1461-023X
DOI	10.1111/ele.13409
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Article ; Online: Beta-diversity in temperate and tropical forests reflects dissimilar mechanisms of community assembly.

Myers, Jonathan A / Chase, Jonathan M / Jiménez, Iván / Jørgensen, Peter M / Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro / Paniagua-Zambrana, Narel / Seidel, Renate

Ecology letters

2012 Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) 151–157

Abstract: Site-to-site variation in species composition (β-diversity) generally increases from low- to high-diversity regions. Although biogeographical differences in community assembly mechanisms may explain this pattern, random sampling effects can create this ... ...

Abstract	Site-to-site variation in species composition (β-diversity) generally increases from low- to high-diversity regions. Although biogeographical differences in community assembly mechanisms may explain this pattern, random sampling effects can create this pattern through differences in regional species pools. Here, we compared assembly mechanisms between spatially extensive networks of temperate and tropical forest plots with highly divergent species pools (46 vs. 607 species). After controlling for sampling effects, β-diversity of woody plants was similar and higher than expected by chance in both forests, reflecting strong intraspecific aggregation. However, different mechanisms appeared to explain aggregation in the two forests. In the temperate forest, aggregation reflected stronger environmental correlations, suggesting an important role for species-sorting (e.g. environmental filtering) processes, whereas in the tropics, aggregation reflected stronger spatial correlations, more likely reflecting dispersal limitation. We suggest that biogeographical differences in the relative importance of different community assembly mechanisms contribute to these striking gradients in global biodiversity.
MeSH term(s)	Biodiversity ; Bolivia ; Carya ; Climate ; Missouri ; Models, Biological ; Quercus ; Trees ; Tropical Climate
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-11-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	1441608-6
ISSN	1461-0248 ; 1461-023X
ISSN (online)	1461-0248
ISSN	1461-023X
DOI	10.1111/ele.12021
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Article ; Online: Integrated global assessment of the natural forest carbon potential

Mo, Lidong / Zohner, Constantin M. / Reich, Peter B. / Liang, Jingjing / de Miguel, Sergio / Nabuurs, Gert Jan / Renner, Susanne S. / van den Hoogen, Johan / Araza, Arnan / Herold, Martin / Mirzagholi, Leila / Ma, Haozhi / Averill, Colin / Phillips, Oliver L. / Gamarra, Javier G.P. / Hordijk, Iris / Routh, Devin / Abegg, Meinrad / Adou Yao, Yves C. /

Alberti, Giorgio / Almeyda Zambrano, Angelica M. / Alvarado, Braulio Vilchez / Alvarez-Dávila, Esteban / Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia / Alves, Luciana F. / Amaral, Iêda / Ammer, Christian / Antón-Fernández, Clara / Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro / Arroyo, Luzmila / Avitabile, Valerio / Aymard, Gerardo A. / Baker, Timothy R. / Bałazy, Radomir / Banki, Olaf / Barroso, Jorcely G. / Bastian, Meredith L. / Bastin, Jean Francois / Birigazzi, Luca / Bongers, Frans / Decuyper, Mathieu / de Vries, Ben / Hengeveld, Geerten / Lu, Huicui / Parren, Marc / Schelhaas, Mart Jan / Sheil, Douglas / van der Plas, Fons / Feng Wang, Hua / Zagt, Roderik

Nature

2023 Volume 624

Abstract: Forests are a substantial terrestrial carbon sink, but anthropogenic changes in land use and climate have considerably reduced the scale of this system 1. Remote-sensing estimates to quantify carbon losses from global forests 2–5 are characterized by ... ...

Abstract	Forests are a substantial terrestrial carbon sink, but anthropogenic changes in land use and climate have considerably reduced the scale of this system 1. Remote-sensing estimates to quantify carbon losses from global forests 2–5 are characterized by considerable uncertainty and we lack a comprehensive ground-sourced evaluation to benchmark these estimates. Here we combine several ground-sourced 6 and satellite-derived approaches 2,7,8 to evaluate the scale of the global forest carbon potential outside agricultural and urban lands. Despite regional variation, the predictions demonstrated remarkable consistency at a global scale, with only a 12% difference between the ground-sourced and satellite-derived estimates. At present, global forest carbon storage is markedly under the natural potential, with a total deficit of 226 Gt (model range = 151–363 Gt) in areas with low human footprint. Most (61%, 139 Gt C) of this potential is in areas with existing forests, in which ecosystem protection can allow forests to recover to maturity. The remaining 39% (87 Gt C) of potential lies in regions in which forests have been removed or fragmented. Although forests cannot be a substitute for emissions reductions, our results support the idea 2,3,9 that the conservation, restoration and sustainable management of diverse forests offer valuable contributions to meeting global climate and biodiversity targets.
Keywords	Life Science
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The global biogeography of tree leaf form and habit

Ma, Haozhi / Crowther, Thomas W. / Mo, Lidong / Maynard, Daniel S. / Renner, Susanne S. / van den Hoogen, Johan / Zou, Yibiao / Liang, Jingjing / de-Miguel, Sergio / Nabuurs, Gert Jan / Reich, Peter B. / Niinemets, Ülo / Abegg, Meinrad / Adou Yao, Yves C. / Alberti, Giorgio / Almeyda Zambrano, Angelica M. / Alvarado, Braulio Vilchez / Alvarez-Dávila, Esteban / Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia /

Alves, Luciana F. / Ammer, Christian / Antón-Fernández, Clara / Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro / Arroyo, Luzmila / Avitabile, Valerio / Aymard, Gerardo A. / Baker, Timothy R. / Bałazy, Radomir / Banki, Olaf / Barroso, Jorcely G. / Bastian, Meredith L. / Bastin, Jean Francois / Birigazzi, Luca / Birnbaum, Philippe / Bitariho, Robert / Boeckx, Pascal / Bongers, Frans / Bouriaud, Olivier / Brancalion, Pedro H.S. / Decuyper, Mathieu / DeVries, Ben / Hengeveld, Geerten / Herold, Martin / Lu, Huicui / Parren, Marc / Schelhaas, Mart Jan / Sheil, Douglas / van der Plas, Fons / Wang, Hua Feng / Zagt, Roderick

Nature Plants

2023 Volume 9

Abstract: Understanding what controls global leaf type variation in trees is crucial for comprehending their role in terrestrial ecosystems, including carbon, water and nutrient dynamics. Yet our understanding of the factors influencing forest leaf types remains ... ...

Abstract	Understanding what controls global leaf type variation in trees is crucial for comprehending their role in terrestrial ecosystems, including carbon, water and nutrient dynamics. Yet our understanding of the factors influencing forest leaf types remains incomplete, leaving us uncertain about the global proportions of needle-leaved, broadleaved, evergreen and deciduous trees. To address these gaps, we conducted a global, ground-sourced assessment of forest leaf-type variation by integrating forest inventory data with comprehensive leaf form (broadleaf vs needle-leaf) and habit (evergreen vs deciduous) records. We found that global variation in leaf habit is primarily driven by isothermality and soil characteristics, while leaf form is predominantly driven by temperature. Given these relationships, we estimate that 38% of global tree individuals are needle-leaved evergreen, 29% are broadleaved evergreen, 27% are broadleaved deciduous and 5% are needle-leaved deciduous. The aboveground biomass distribution among these tree types is approximately 21% (126.4 Gt), 54% (335.7 Gt), 22% (136.2 Gt) and 3% (18.7 Gt), respectively. We further project that, depending on future emissions pathways, 17–34% of forested areas will experience climate conditions by the end of the century that currently support a different forest type, highlighting the intensification of climatic stress on existing forests. By quantifying the distribution of tree leaf types and their corresponding biomass, and identifying regions where climate change will exert greatest pressure on current leaf types, our results can help improve predictions of future terrestrial ecosystem functioning and carbon cycling.
Keywords	Life Science
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	2055-026X
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Non-structural carbohydrates mediate seasonal water stress across Amazon forests.

Signori-Müller, Caroline / Oliveira, Rafael S / Barros, Fernanda de Vasconcellos / Tavares, Julia Valentim / Gilpin, Martin / Diniz, Francisco Carvalho / Zevallos, Manuel J Marca / Yupayccana, Carlos A Salas / Acosta, Martin / Bacca, Jean / Chino, Rudi S Cruz / Cuellar, Gina M Aramayo / Cumapa, Edwin R M / Martinez, Franklin / Mullisaca, Flor M Pérez / Nina, Alex / Sanchez, Jesus M Bañon / da Silva, Leticia Fernandes / Tello, Ligia /

Tintaya, José Sanchez / Ugarteche, Maira T Martinez / Baker, Timothy R / Bittencourt, Paulo R L / Borma, Laura S / Brum, Mauro / Castro, Wendeson / Coronado, Eurídice N Honorio / Cosio, Eric G / Feldpausch, Ted R / Fonseca, Letícia d'Agosto Miguel / Gloor, Emanuel / Llampazo, Gerardo Flores / Malhi, Yadvinder / Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo / Moscoso, Victor Chama / Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro / Phillips, Oliver L / Salinas, Norma / Silveira, Marcos / Talbot, Joey / Vasquez, Rodolfo / Mencuccini, Maurizio / Galbraith, David

Nature communications

2021 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 2310

Abstract: Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) are major substrates for plant metabolism and have been implicated in mediating drought-induced tree mortality. Despite their significance, NSC dynamics in tropical forests remain little studied. We present leaf and ... ...

Abstract	Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) are major substrates for plant metabolism and have been implicated in mediating drought-induced tree mortality. Despite their significance, NSC dynamics in tropical forests remain little studied. We present leaf and branch NSC data for 82 Amazon canopy tree species in six sites spanning a broad precipitation gradient. During the wet season, total NSC (NSC
MeSH term(s)	Bolivia ; Brazil ; Carbohydrate Metabolism ; Carbohydrates/analysis ; Climate Change ; Droughts ; Forests ; Geography ; Peru ; Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Seasons ; Sugars/metabolism ; Trees/classification ; Trees/metabolism ; Tropical Climate ; Water/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Carbohydrates ; Sugars ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-021-22378-8
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Article ; Online: Fine root dynamics across pantropical rainforest ecosystems.

Huaraca Huasco, Walter / Riutta, Terhi / Girardin, Cécile A J / Hancco Pacha, Fernando / Puma Vilca, Beisit L / Moore, Sam / Rifai, Sami W / Del Aguila-Pasquel, Jhon / Araujo Murakami, Alejandro / Freitag, Renata / Morel, Alexandra C / Demissie, Sheleme / Doughty, Christopher E / Oliveras, Imma / Galiano Cabrera, Darcy F / Durand Baca, Liliana / Farfán Amézquita, Filio / Silva Espejo, Javier E / da Costa, Antonio C L /

Oblitas Mendoza, Erick / Quesada, Carlos Alberto / Evouna Ondo, Fidele / Edzang Ndong, Josué / Jeffery, Kathryn J / Mihindou, Vianet / White, Lee J T / N'ssi Bengone, Natacha / Ibrahim, Forzia / Addo-Danso, Shalom D / Duah-Gyamfi, Akwasi / Djaney Djagbletey, Gloria / Owusu-Afriyie, Kennedy / Amissah, Lucy / Mbou, Armel T / Marthews, Toby R / Metcalfe, Daniel B / Aragão, Luiz E O / Marimon-Junior, Ben H / Marimon, Beatriz S / Majalap, Noreen / Adu-Bredu, Stephen / Abernethy, Katharine A / Silman, Miles / Ewers, Robert M / Meir, Patrick / Malhi, Yadvinder

Global change biology

2021 Volume 27, Issue 15, Page(s) 3657–3680

Abstract: Fine roots constitute a significant component of the net primary productivity (NPP) of forest ecosystems but are much less studied than aboveground NPP. Comparisons across sites and regions are also hampered by inconsistent methodologies, especially in ... ...

Abstract	Fine roots constitute a significant component of the net primary productivity (NPP) of forest ecosystems but are much less studied than aboveground NPP. Comparisons across sites and regions are also hampered by inconsistent methodologies, especially in tropical areas. Here, we present a novel dataset of fine root biomass, productivity, residence time, and allocation in tropical old-growth rainforest sites worldwide, measured using consistent methods, and examine how these variables are related to consistently determined soil and climatic characteristics. Our pantropical dataset spans intensive monitoring plots in lowland (wet, semi-deciduous, and deciduous) and montane tropical forests in South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia (n = 47). Large spatial variation in fine root dynamics was observed across montane and lowland forest types. In lowland forests, we found a strong positive linear relationship between fine root productivity and sand content, this relationship was even stronger when we considered the fractional allocation of total NPP to fine roots, demonstrating that understanding allocation adds explanatory power to understanding fine root productivity and total NPP. Fine root residence time was a function of multiple factors: soil sand content, soil pH, and maximum water deficit, with longest residence times in acidic, sandy, and water-stressed soils. In tropical montane forests, on the other hand, a different set of relationships prevailed, highlighting the very different nature of montane and lowland forest biomes. Root productivity was a strong positive linear function of mean annual temperature, root residence time was a strong positive function of soil nitrogen content in montane forests, and lastly decreasing soil P content increased allocation of productivity to fine roots. In contrast to the lowlands, environmental conditions were a better predictor for fine root productivity than for fractional allocation of total NPP to fine roots, suggesting that root productivity is a particularly strong driver of NPP allocation in tropical mountain regions.
MeSH term(s)	Africa ; Biomass ; Ecosystem ; Forests ; Plant Roots ; Rainforest ; Soil ; South America ; Trees ; Tropical Climate
Chemical Substances	Soil
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1281439-8
ISSN	1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
ISSN (online)	1365-2486
ISSN	1354-1013
DOI	10.1111/gcb.15677
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Article ; Online: Basin-wide variation in tree hydraulic safety margins predicts the carbon balance of Amazon forests.

Tavares, Julia Valentim / Oliveira, Rafael S / Mencuccini, Maurizio / Signori-Müller, Caroline / Pereira, Luciano / Diniz, Francisco Carvalho / Gilpin, Martin / Marca Zevallos, Manuel J / Salas Yupayccana, Carlos A / Acosta, Martin / Pérez Mullisaca, Flor M / Barros, Fernanda de V / Bittencourt, Paulo / Jancoski, Halina / Scalon, Marina Corrêa / Marimon, Beatriz S / Oliveras Menor, Imma / Marimon, Ben Hur / Fancourt, Max /

Chambers-Ostler, Alexander / Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane / Rowland, Lucy / Meir, Patrick / Lola da Costa, Antonio Carlos / Nina, Alex / Sanchez, Jesus M B / Tintaya, Jose S / Chino, Rudi S C / Baca, Jean / Fernandes, Leticia / Cumapa, Edwin R M / Santos, João Antônio R / Teixeira, Renata / Tello, Ligia / Ugarteche, Maira T M / Cuellar, Gina A / Martinez, Franklin / Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro / Almeida, Everton / da Cruz, Wesley Jonatar Alves / Del Aguila Pasquel, Jhon / Aragāo, Luís / Baker, Timothy R / de Camargo, Plinio Barbosa / Brienen, Roel / Castro, Wendeson / Ribeiro, Sabina Cerruto / Coelho de Souza, Fernanda / Cosio, Eric G / Davila Cardozo, Nallaret / da Costa Silva, Richarlly / Disney, Mathias / Espejo, Javier Silva / Feldpausch, Ted R / Ferreira, Leandro / Giacomin, Leandro / Higuchi, Niro / Hirota, Marina / Honorio, Euridice / Huaraca Huasco, Walter / Lewis, Simon / Flores Llampazo, Gerardo / Malhi, Yadvinder / Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel / Morandi, Paulo / Chama Moscoso, Victor / Muscarella, Robert / Penha, Deliane / Rocha, Mayda Cecília / Rodrigues, Gleicy / Ruschel, Ademir R / Salinas, Norma / Schlickmann, Monique / Silveira, Marcos / Talbot, Joey / Vásquez, Rodolfo / Vedovato, Laura / Vieira, Simone Aparecida / Phillips, Oliver L / Gloor, Emanuel / Galbraith, David R

Nature

2023 Volume 617, Issue 7959, Page(s) 111–117

Abstract: Tropical forests face increasing climate ... ...

Abstract	Tropical forests face increasing climate risk
MeSH term(s)	Biomass ; Carbon/metabolism ; Droughts ; Forests ; Trees/growth & development ; Trees/metabolism ; Tropical Climate ; Xylem/metabolism ; Rain ; Climate Change ; Carbon Sequestration ; Stress, Physiological ; Dehydration
Chemical Substances	Carbon (7440-44-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/s41586-023-05971-3
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Article: Fine root dynamics across pantropical rainforest ecosystems

Huaraca Huasco, Walter / Riutta, Terhi / Girardin, Cécile A. J. / Hancco Pacha, Fernando / Puma Vilca, Beisit L. / Moore, Sam / Rifai, Sami W. / del Aguila‐Pasquel, Jhon / Araujo Murakami, Alejandro / Freitag, Renata / Morel, Alexandra C. / Demissie, Sheleme / Doughty, Christopher E. / Oliveras, Imma / Galiano Cabrera, Darcy F. / Durand Baca, Liliana / Farfán Amézquita, Filio / Silva Espejo, Javier E. / da Costa, Antonio C.L. /

Oblitas Mendoza, Erick / Quesada, Carlos Alberto / Evouna Ondo, Fidele / Edzang Ndong, Josué / Jeffery, Kathryn J. / Mihindou, Vianet / White, Lee J. T. / N'ssi Bengone, Natacha / Ibrahim, Forzia / Addo‐Danso, Shalom D. / Duah‐Gyamfi, Akwasi / Djaney Djagbletey, Gloria / Owusu‐Afriyie, Kennedy / Amissah, Lucy / Mbou, Armel T. / Marthews, Toby R. / Metcalfe, Daniel B. / Aragão, Luiz E. O. / Marimon‐Junior, Ben H. / Marimon, Beatriz S. / Majalap, Noreen / Adu‐Bredu, Stephen / Abernethy, Katharine A. / Silman, Miles / Ewers, Robert M. / Meir, Patrick / Malhi, Yadvinder

Global change biology. 2021 Aug., v. 27, no. 15

2021

Abstract	Fine roots constitute a significant component of the net primary productivity (NPP) of forest ecosystems but are much less studied than aboveground NPP. Comparisons across sites and regions are also hampered by inconsistent methodologies, especially in tropical areas. Here, we present a novel dataset of fine root biomass, productivity, residence time, and allocation in tropical old‐growth rainforest sites worldwide, measured using consistent methods, and examine how these variables are related to consistently determined soil and climatic characteristics. Our pantropical dataset spans intensive monitoring plots in lowland (wet, semi‐deciduous, and deciduous) and montane tropical forests in South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia (n = 47). Large spatial variation in fine root dynamics was observed across montane and lowland forest types. In lowland forests, we found a strong positive linear relationship between fine root productivity and sand content, this relationship was even stronger when we considered the fractional allocation of total NPP to fine roots, demonstrating that understanding allocation adds explanatory power to understanding fine root productivity and total NPP. Fine root residence time was a function of multiple factors: soil sand content, soil pH, and maximum water deficit, with longest residence times in acidic, sandy, and water‐stressed soils. In tropical montane forests, on the other hand, a different set of relationships prevailed, highlighting the very different nature of montane and lowland forest biomes. Root productivity was a strong positive linear function of mean annual temperature, root residence time was a strong positive function of soil nitrogen content in montane forests, and lastly decreasing soil P content increased allocation of productivity to fine roots. In contrast to the lowlands, environmental conditions were a better predictor for fine root productivity than for fractional allocation of total NPP to fine roots, suggesting that root productivity is a particularly strong driver of NPP allocation in tropical mountain regions.
Keywords	biomass ; data collection ; fine roots ; global change ; lowland forests ; net primary productivity ; nitrogen content ; rain forests ; sand fraction ; soil pH ; temperature ; water stress ; Africa ; South America ; South East Asia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-08
Size	p. 3657-3680.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1281439-8
ISSN	1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
ISSN (online)	1365-2486
ISSN	1354-1013
DOI	10.1111/gcb.15677
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Estimating aboveground net biomass change for tropical and subtropical forests: Refinement of IPCC default rates using forest plot data

Requena Suarez, Daniela / Rozendaal, Danaë M. A / De Sy, Veronique / Phillips, Oliver L / Alvarez‐Dávila, Esteban / Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina / Araujo‐Murakami, Alejandro / Arroyo, Luzmila / Baker, Timothy R / Bongers, Frans / Brienen, Roel J. W / Carter, Sarah / Cook‐Patton, Susan C / Feldpausch, Ted R / Griscom, Bronson W / Harris, Nancy / Hérault, Bruno / Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N / Leavitt, Sara M /

Lewis, Simon L / Marimon, Beatriz S / Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel / Kassi N'dja, Justin / N'Guessan, Anny Estelle / Poorter, Lourens / Qie, Lan / Rutishauser, Ervan / Sist, Plinio / Sonké, Bonaventure / Sullivan, Martin J. P / Vilanova, Emilio / Wang, Maria M. H / Martius, Christopher / Herold, Martin

Global change biology. 2019 Nov., v. 25, no. 11

2019

Abstract: As countries advance in greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting for climate change mitigation, consistent estimates of aboveground net biomass change (∆AGB) are needed. Countries with limited forest monitoring capabilities in the tropics and subtropics rely on ... ...

Abstract	As countries advance in greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting for climate change mitigation, consistent estimates of aboveground net biomass change (∆AGB) are needed. Countries with limited forest monitoring capabilities in the tropics and subtropics rely on IPCC 2006 default ∆AGB rates, which are values per ecological zone, per continent. Similarly, research into forest biomass change at a large scale also makes use of these rates. IPCC 2006 default rates come from a handful of studies, provide no uncertainty indications and do not distinguish between older secondary forests and old‐growth forests. As part of the 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, we incorporate ∆AGB data available from 2006 onwards, comprising 176 chronosequences in secondary forests and 536 permanent plots in old‐growth and managed/logged forests located in 42 countries in Africa, North and South America and Asia. We generated ∆AGB rate estimates for younger secondary forests (≤20 years), older secondary forests (>20 years and up to 100 years) and old‐growth forests, and accounted for uncertainties in our estimates. In tropical rainforests, for which data availability was the highest, our ∆AGB rate estimates ranged from 3.4 (Asia) to 7.6 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in younger secondary forests, from 2.3 (North and South America) to 3.5 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in older secondary forests, and 0.7 (Asia) to 1.3 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in old‐growth forests. We provide a rigorous and traceable refinement of the IPCC 2006 default rates in tropical and subtropical ecological zones, and identify which areas require more research on ∆AGB. In this respect, this study should be considered as an important step towards quantifying the role of tropical and subtropical forests as carbon sinks with higher accuracy; our new rates can be used for large‐scale GHG accounting by governmental bodies, nongovernmental organizations and in scientific research.
Keywords	biomass ; carbon footprint ; carbon sinks ; chronosequences ; climate change ; ecological zones ; greenhouse gases ; guidelines ; meta-analysis ; monitoring ; nongovernmental organizations ; old-growth forests ; secondary forests ; subtropics ; tropical rain forests ; tropics ; uncertainty ; Africa ; Asia ; South America
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-11
Size	p. 3609-3624.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	REVIEW
ZDB-ID	1281439-8
ISSN	1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
ISSN (online)	1365-2486
ISSN	1354-1013
DOI	10.1111/gcb.14767
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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