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  1. Article: Defects and Defect Engineering of Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenide (2D TMDC) Materials.

    Hossen, Moha Feroz / Shendokar, Sachin / Aravamudhan, Shyam

    Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 5

    Abstract: As layered materials, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are promising two-dimensional (2D) materials. Interestingly, the characteristics of these materials are transformed from bulk to monolayer. The atomically thin TMDC materials can be a good ... ...

    Abstract As layered materials, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are promising two-dimensional (2D) materials. Interestingly, the characteristics of these materials are transformed from bulk to monolayer. The atomically thin TMDC materials can be a good alternative to group III-V and graphene because of their emerging tunable electrical, optical, and magnetic properties. Although 2D monolayers from natural TMDC materials exhibit the purest form, they have intrinsic defects that limit their application. However, the synthesis of TMDC materials using the existing fabrication tools and techniques is also not immune to defects. Additionally, it is difficult to synthesize wafer-scale TMDC materials for a multitude of factors influencing grain growth mechanisms. While defect engineering techniques may reduce the percentage of defects, the available methods have constraints for healing defects at the desired level. Thus, this holistic review of 2D TMDC materials encapsulates the fundamental structure of TMDC materials, including different types of defects, named zero-dimensional (0D), one-dimensional (1D), and two-dimensional (2D). Moreover, the existing defect engineering methods that relate to both formation of and reduction in defects have been discussed. Finally, an attempt has been made to correlate the impact of defects and the properties of these TMDC materials.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662255-5
    ISSN 2079-4991
    ISSN 2079-4991
    DOI 10.3390/nano14050410
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Cellular and Exosomal MicroRNAs: Emerging Clinical Relevance as Targets for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis.

    Zablon, Faith Mokobi / Desai, Parth / Dellinger, Kristen / Aravamudhan, Shyam

    Advanced biology

    2024  Volume 8, Issue 4, Page(s) e2300532

    Abstract: Breast cancer accounts for the highest cancer cases globally, with 12% of occurrences progressing to metastatic breast cancer with a low survival rate and limited effective early intervention strategies augmented by late diagnosis. Moreover, a low ... ...

    Abstract Breast cancer accounts for the highest cancer cases globally, with 12% of occurrences progressing to metastatic breast cancer with a low survival rate and limited effective early intervention strategies augmented by late diagnosis. Moreover, a low concentration of prognostic and predictive markers hinders disease monitoring. Circulating and exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently shown a considerable interplay in breast cancer, standing out as effective diagnostic and prognostic markers. The primary functions are as gene regulatory agents at the genetic and epigenetic levels. An array of dysregulated miRNAs stimulates cancer-promoting mechanisms, activating oncogenes and controlling tumor-suppressing genes and mechanisms. Exosomes are vastly studied extracellular vesicles, carrying, and transporting cargo, including noncoding RNAs with premier roles in oncogenesis. Translocation of miRNAs from the circulation to exosomes, with RNA-binding proteins in stress-induced conditions, has shown significant cooperation in function to promote breast cancer. This review examines cellular and exosomal miRNA biogenesis and loading, the clinical implications of their dysregulation, their function in diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of breast cancer, and in regulating cancer signaling pathways. The influence of cellular and exosomal miRNAs presents clinical significance on breast cancer diagnosis, subtyping, staging, prediction, and disease monitoring during treatment, hence a potent marker for breast cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Clinical Relevance ; Prognosis ; Exosomes/genetics ; Exosomes/metabolism ; Exosomes/pathology
    Chemical Substances MicroRNAs
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-22
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2701-0198
    ISSN (online) 2701-0198
    DOI 10.1002/adbi.202300532
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Improving DNA nanostructure stability: A review of the biomedical applications and approaches.

    Nasiri, Mahboobeh / Bahadorani, Mehrnoosh / Dellinger, Kristen / Aravamudhan, Shyam / Vivero-Escoto, Juan L / Zadegan, Reza

    International journal of biological macromolecules

    2024  Volume 260, Issue Pt 1, Page(s) 129495

    Abstract: DNA's programmable, predictable, and precise self-assembly properties enable structural DNA nanotechnology. DNA nanostructures have a wide range of applications in drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensing, and theranostics. However, physiological conditions, ...

    Abstract DNA's programmable, predictable, and precise self-assembly properties enable structural DNA nanotechnology. DNA nanostructures have a wide range of applications in drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensing, and theranostics. However, physiological conditions, including low cationic ions and the presence of nucleases in biological systems, can limit the efficacy of DNA nanostructures. Several strategies for stabilizing DNA nanostructures have been developed, including i) coating them with biomolecules or polymers, ii) chemical cross-linking of the DNA strands, and iii) modifications of the nucleotides and nucleic acids backbone. These methods significantly enhance the structural stability of DNA nanostructures and thus enable in vivo and in vitro applications. This study reviews the present perspective on the distinctive properties of the DNA molecule and explains various DNA nanostructures, their advantages, and their disadvantages. We provide a brief overview of the biomedical applications of DNA nanostructures and comprehensively discuss possible approaches to improve their biostability. Finally, the shortcomings and challenges of the current biostability approaches are examined.
    MeSH term(s) Nanostructures/chemistry ; Nanotechnology/methods ; DNA/chemistry ; Nucleic Acids ; Drug Delivery Systems
    Chemical Substances DNA (9007-49-2) ; Nucleic Acids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-14
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 282732-3
    ISSN 1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
    ISSN (online) 1879-0003
    ISSN 0141-8130
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129495
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: An outlook on the current challenges and opportunities in DNA data storage.

    Raza, Muhammad Hassan / Desai, Salil / Aravamudhan, Shyam / Zadegan, Reza

    Biotechnology advances

    2023  Volume 66, Page(s) 108155

    Abstract: Silicon is the gold standard for information storage systems. The exponential generation of digital information will exhaust the global supply of refined silicon. Therefore, investing in alternative information storage materials such as DNA has gained ... ...

    Abstract Silicon is the gold standard for information storage systems. The exponential generation of digital information will exhaust the global supply of refined silicon. Therefore, investing in alternative information storage materials such as DNA has gained momentum. DNA as a memory material possesses several advantages over silicon-based data storage, including higher storage capacity, data retention, and lower operational energy. Routine DNA data storage approaches encode data into chemically synthesized nucleotide sequences. The scalability of DNA data storage depends on factors such as the cost and the generation of hazardous waste during DNA synthesis, latency of writing and reading, and limited rewriting capacity. Here, we review the current status of DNA data storage encoding, writing, storing, retrieving and reading, and discuss the technology's challenges and opportunities.
    MeSH term(s) Silicon ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; DNA/genetics ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; Base Sequence
    Chemical Substances Silicon (Z4152N8IUI) ; DNA (9007-49-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 47165-3
    ISSN 1873-1899 ; 0734-9750
    ISSN (online) 1873-1899
    ISSN 0734-9750
    DOI 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108155
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Atomic Layer Deposition of Cobalt Catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis in Silicon Microchannel Microreactor.

    Mohammad, Nafeezuddin / Aravamudhan, Shyam / Kuila, Debasish

    Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 14

    Abstract: In recent years, rising environmental concerns have led to the focus on some of the innovative alternative technologies to produce clean burning fuels. Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis is one of the alternative chemical processes to produce synthetic fuels, ...

    Abstract In recent years, rising environmental concerns have led to the focus on some of the innovative alternative technologies to produce clean burning fuels. Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis is one of the alternative chemical processes to produce synthetic fuels, which has a current research focus on reactor and catalyst improvements. In this work, a cobalt nanofilm (~4.5 nm), deposited by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique in a silicon microchannel microreactor (2.4 cm long × 50 µm wide × 100 µm deep), was used as a catalyst for atmospheric Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis. The catalyst film was characterized by XPS, TEM-EDX, and AFM studies. The data from AFM and TEM clearly showed the presence of polygranular cobalt species on the silicon wafer. The XPS studies of as-deposited and reduced cobalt nanofilm in silicon microchannels showed a shift on the binding energies of Co 2p spin splits and confirmed the presence of cobalt in the Co
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662255-5
    ISSN 2079-4991
    ISSN 2079-4991
    DOI 10.3390/nano12142425
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: An outlook on the current challenges and opportunities in DNA data storage

    Raza, Muhammad Hassan / Desai, Salil / Aravamudhan, Shyam / Zadegan, Reza

    Biotechnology Advances. 2023 Apr. 15, p.108155-

    2023  , Page(s) 108155–

    Abstract: Silicon is the gold standard for information storage systems. The exponential generation of digital information will exhaust the global supply of refined silicon. Therefore, investing in alternative information storage materials such as DNA has gained ... ...

    Abstract Silicon is the gold standard for information storage systems. The exponential generation of digital information will exhaust the global supply of refined silicon. Therefore, investing in alternative information storage materials such as DNA has gained momentum. DNA as a memory material possesses several advantages over silicon-based data storage, including higher storage capacity, data retention, and lower operational energy. Routine DNA data storage approaches encode data into chemically synthesized nucleotide sequences. The scalability of DNA data storage depends on factors such as the cost and the generation of hazardous waste during DNA synthesis, latency of writing and reading, and limited rewriting capacity. Here, we review the current status of DNA data storage encoding, writing, storing, retrieving and reading, and discuss the technology's challenges and opportunities.
    Keywords DNA ; DNA replication ; biotechnology ; energy ; hazardous waste ; information storage ; memory ; silicon ; Microfluidics ; Automation ; 2D ; A ; AA ; ASCII ; BCH ; C ; CRC ; CRISPR ; CRISPR-MAGE ; DENSE ; DMF ; EC ; ePCR ; Gb ; HTML ; iDNA ; IPTG ; LT ; Mb ; MB ; MIC-Drop ; mLSI ; mVLSI ; nL ; NPMM ; ONT ; OTP ; PAM ; PEI ; PRD ; qPCR ; RA ; RAD ; RS ; SCRIBE ; ssDNA ; T ; TdT ; uL ; VLC
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0415
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 47165-3
    ISSN 0734-9750
    ISSN 0734-9750
    DOI 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108155
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article: Towards Low-Temperature CVD Synthesis and Characterization of Mono- or Few-Layer Molybdenum Disulfide.

    Shendokar, Sachin / Aryeetey, Frederick / Hossen, Moha Feroz / Ignatova, Tetyana / Aravamudhan, Shyam

    Micromachines

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 9

    Abstract: Molybdenum disulfide ( ... ...

    Abstract Molybdenum disulfide (MoS
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2620864-7
    ISSN 2072-666X
    ISSN 2072-666X
    DOI 10.3390/mi14091758
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Quantification of defects engineered in single layer MoS

    Aryeetey, Frederick / Ignatova, Tetyana / Aravamudhan, Shyam

    RSC advances

    2020  Volume 10, Issue 39, Page(s) 22996–23001

    Abstract: Atomic defects are controllably introduced in suspended single layer molybdenum disulfide (1L ... ...

    Abstract Atomic defects are controllably introduced in suspended single layer molybdenum disulfide (1L MoS
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2046-2069
    ISSN (online) 2046-2069
    DOI 10.1039/d0ra03372c
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Quantification of defects engineered in single layer MoS₂

    Aryeetey, Frederick / Ignatova, Tetyana / Aravamudhan, Shyam

    RSC advances. 2020 June 16, v. 10, no. 39

    2020  

    Abstract: Atomic defects are controllably introduced in suspended single layer molybdenum disulfide (1L MoS₂) using helium ion beam. Vacancies exhibit one missing atom of molybdenum and a few atoms of sulfur. Quantification was done using a Scanning Transmission ... ...

    Abstract Atomic defects are controllably introduced in suspended single layer molybdenum disulfide (1L MoS₂) using helium ion beam. Vacancies exhibit one missing atom of molybdenum and a few atoms of sulfur. Quantification was done using a Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) with an annular detector. Experimentally accessible inter-defect distance was employed to measure the degree of crystallinity in 1L MoS₂. A correlation between the appearance of an acoustic phonon mode in the Raman spectra and the inter-defect distance was established, which introduces a new methodology for quantifying defects in two-dimensional materials such as MoS₂.
    Keywords Raman spectroscopy ; acoustics ; crystal structure ; helium ; molybdenum ; molybdenum disulfide ; sulfur ; transmission electron microscopes
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0616
    Size p. 22996-23001.
    Publishing place The Royal Society of Chemistry
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2046-2069
    DOI 10.1039/d0ra03372c
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article: Fabrication of Nylon-6 and Nylon-11 Nanoplastics and Evaluation in Mammalian Cells.

    Krovi, Sai Archana / Moreno Caffaro, Maria M / Aravamudhan, Shyam / Mortensen, Ninell P / Johnson, Leah M

    Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 15

    Abstract: Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) exist in certain environments, beverages, and food products. However, the ultimate risk and consequences of MPs and NPs on human health remain largely unknown. Studies involving the biological effects of small- ... ...

    Abstract Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) exist in certain environments, beverages, and food products. However, the ultimate risk and consequences of MPs and NPs on human health remain largely unknown. Studies involving the biological effects of small-scale plastics have predominantly used commercially available polystyrene beads, which cannot represent the breadth of globally dominant plastics. Nylon is a commodity plastic that is used across various industry sectors with substantial global production. Here, a series of well-characterized nylon-11 and nylon-6 NPs were successfully fabricated with size distributions of approximately 100 nm and 500 nm, respectively. The facile fabrication steps enabled the incorporation of fluorescent tracers in these NPs to aid the intracellular tracking of particles. RAW 264.7 macrophages were exposed to nylon NPs in a dose-dependent manner and cytotoxic concentrations and cellular uptake were determined. These well-characterized nylon NPs support future steps to assess how the composition and physicochemical properties may affect complex biological systems and ultimately human health.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662255-5
    ISSN 2079-4991
    ISSN 2079-4991
    DOI 10.3390/nano12152699
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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