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  1. Book ; Audio / Video ; Thesis: Die medizinische Ethik im Islam

    Arbach, Olga

    ein Beitrag zur gegenwärtigen Diskussion um Reproduktionsmedizin, Organtransplantation und Euthanasie aus islamischer Sicht unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der arabischen Länder Ägypten, Jordanien und Syrien

    2002  

    Author's details vorgelegt von Olga Arbach
    Language German
    Size 1 CD-ROM, 12 cm
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Book ; Audio / Video ; Thesis
    Thesis / German Habilitation thesis Lübeck, Univ., Diss., 2003
    Accompanying material Beil. ([1] Bl.)
    HBZ-ID HT014288702
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  2. Article: Ethical considerations in Syria regarding reproduction techniques.

    Arbach, Olga

    Medicine and law

    2002  Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 395–401

    Abstract: Ethical Islamic considerations concerning current medical infertility treatment are outlined, that allow application of all techniques as far as they are compatible with legal marriage: Homogenic insemination is allowed. Heterogenic insemination is not, ... ...

    Abstract Ethical Islamic considerations concerning current medical infertility treatment are outlined, that allow application of all techniques as far as they are compatible with legal marriage: Homogenic insemination is allowed. Heterogenic insemination is not, although it bears slightly better outcome, because of the imperative Islamic rule not to mingle genealogical lines. Neither is surrogate motherhood because of the legal position of the mother in Islamic shari'a and consequent inheritance rights on the one hand and sociological significance of motherhood on the other. The question arises, which is the mother, the biological or the social. In all cases, special attention should be paid to the professionals involved in the procedures. The danger of embryonic sex selection following preimplantation diagnostics is hinted at, precautions should be taken. These ethical considerations are substantial in Arab countries, including Syria.
    MeSH term(s) Ethics, Medical ; Female ; Germany ; Humans ; Islam ; Religion and Medicine ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Syria/ethnology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2002
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 9020-7
    ISSN 0723-1393
    ISSN 0723-1393
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Long-Term Treatment and Transfusion of Normal Blood Components Following Tolerance Induction in Patients with Anti-IgA Anaphylactic Reactions.

    Salama, Abdulgabar / Kardashi, Romina / Arbach, Olga

    Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie

    2014  Volume 41, Issue 5, Page(s) 381–387

    Abstract: Background: In general, patients with significant anti-Ig-A do not tolerate intravenous (i.v.) administration of normal blood products. Here, we present our experiences in the induction of immune tolerance (IIT) and long-term treatment in a series of ... ...

    Abstract Background: In general, patients with significant anti-Ig-A do not tolerate intravenous (i.v.) administration of normal blood products. Here, we present our experiences in the induction of immune tolerance (IIT) and long-term treatment in a series of such patients affected in such a way. The question whether blood components from IgA-deficient donors are required will be discussed.
    Methods: Ten adult patients (4 females and 6 males; age ranging from 36 to 75 years) with anti-IgA were included in this study. All patients required long-term treatment with blood components. One patient had IgA deficiency and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), and all other patients had common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The particle gel immunoassay was used for the detection of anti-IgA. Immune tolerance to IgA was induced by controlled subcutaneous (s.c.) and/or i.v. infusions of IgG preparations.
    Results: Prior to IIT, anti-IgA was detectable in plasma samples of all patients and significantly diminished or abolished by controlled s.c. and/or i.v. infusions of IgG. Multiple transfusions with normal blood components could be repeatedly performed with the patient suffering from PNH without any complications. As long as i.v. IgG (IVIgG) infusions were consequently administered as individually required (intervals 2-8 weeks), none of the patients developed reactions during observation (up to 10 years). However, interruption of treatment and re-exposure to IVIgG resulted in adverse reactions.
    Conclusion: Patients with significant anti-IgA can be safely desensitized and tolerate long-term IgG substitutions independent of the IgA concentration of the used blood component.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-09-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2100848-6
    ISSN 1660-3818 ; 1660-3796
    ISSN (online) 1660-3818
    ISSN 1660-3796
    DOI 10.1159/000366240
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Oral hymecromone decreases hyaluronan in human study participants.

    Rosser, Joelle I / Nagy, Nadine / Goel, Riya / Kaber, Gernot / Demirdjian, Sally / Saxena, Jamie / Bollyky, Jennifer B / Frymoyer, Adam R / Pacheco-Navarro, Ana E / Burgener, Elizabeth B / Rajadas, Jayakumar / Wang, Zhe / Arbach, Olga / Dunn, Colleen E / Kalinowski, Anissa / Milla, Carlos E / Bollyky, Paul L

    The Journal of clinical investigation

    2022  Volume 132, Issue 9

    Abstract: BACKGROUNDHyaluronan (HA), an extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 infection, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary fibrosis, and other diseases, but is not targeted by any approved drugs. We asked ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUNDHyaluronan (HA), an extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 infection, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary fibrosis, and other diseases, but is not targeted by any approved drugs. We asked whether hymecromone (4-methylumbelliferone [4-MU]), an oral drug approved in Europe for biliary spasm treatment that also inhibits HA in vitro and in animal models, could be repurposed as an inhibitor of HA synthesis in humans.METHODSWe conducted an open-label, single-center, dose-response study of hymecromone in healthy adults. Subjects received hymecromone at 1200 (n = 8), 2400 (n = 9), or 3600 (n = 9) mg/d divided into 3 doses daily, administered orally for 4 days. We assessed safety and tolerability of hymecromone and analyzed HA, 4-MU, and 4-methylumbelliferyl glucuronide (4-MUG; the main metabolite of 4-MU) concentrations in sputum and serum.RESULTSHymecromone was well tolerated up to doses of 3600 mg/d. Both sputum and serum drug concentrations increased in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that higher doses lead to greater exposures. Across all dose arms combined, we observed a significant decrease in sputum HA from baseline after 4 days of treatment. We also observed a decrease in serum HA. Additionally, higher baseline sputum HA levels were associated with a greater decrease in sputum HA.CONCLUSIONAfter 4 days of exposure to oral hymecromone, healthy human subjects experienced a significant reduction in sputum HA levels, indicating this oral therapy may have potential in pulmonary diseases where HA is implicated in pathogenesis.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov NCT02780752.FUNDINGStanford Medicine Catalyst, Stanford SPARK, Stanford Innovative Medicines Accelerator program, NIH training grants 5T32AI052073-14 and T32HL129970.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Oral ; COVID-19 ; Europe ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid/metabolism ; Hymecromone/administration & dosage ; Hymecromone/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Hymecromone (3T5NG4Q468) ; Hyaluronic Acid (9004-61-9)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 3067-3
    ISSN 1558-8238 ; 0021-9738
    ISSN (online) 1558-8238
    ISSN 0021-9738
    DOI 10.1172/JCI157983
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Erythropoietin May Improve Anemia in Patients with Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Associated with Reticulocytopenia.

    Arbach, Olga / Funck, Robert / Seibt, Frank / Salama, Abdulgabar

    Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie

    2012  Volume 39, Issue 3, Page(s) 221–223

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Management of patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and reticulocytopenia remains challenging. CASE REPORTS: Two patients with decompensated AIHA who were receiving immunosuppressive drugs were treated with erythropoietin (EPO). ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Management of patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and reticulocytopenia remains challenging. CASE REPORTS: Two patients with decompensated AIHA who were receiving immunosuppressive drugs were treated with erythropoietin (EPO). Administration of EPO increased reticulocyte counts and hemoglobin concentrations in both cases. One patient completely recovered following a short course of treatment. Hemolysis could be compensated in the second patient using only mild doses of immunosuppressive drugs in combination with EPO. CONCLUSION: The administration of EPO should be considered in patients with therapy-refractory AIHA, particularly in the presence of reticulocytopenia.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-05-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2100848-6
    ISSN 1660-3818 ; 1660-3796
    ISSN (online) 1660-3818
    ISSN 1660-3796
    DOI 10.1159/000339260
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Improving target assessment in biomedical research: the GOT-IT recommendations.

    Emmerich, Christoph H / Gamboa, Lorena Martinez / Hofmann, Martine C J / Bonin-Andresen, Marc / Arbach, Olga / Schendel, Pascal / Gerlach, Björn / Hempel, Katja / Bespalov, Anton / Dirnagl, Ulrich / Parnham, Michael J

    Nature reviews. Drug discovery

    2020  Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 64–81

    Abstract: Academic research plays a key role in identifying new drug targets, including understanding target biology and links between targets and disease states. To lead to new drugs, however, research must progress from purely academic exploration to the ... ...

    Abstract Academic research plays a key role in identifying new drug targets, including understanding target biology and links between targets and disease states. To lead to new drugs, however, research must progress from purely academic exploration to the initiation of efforts to identify and test a drug candidate in clinical trials, which are typically conducted by the biopharma industry. This transition can be facilitated by a timely focus on target assessment aspects such as target-related safety issues, druggability and assayability, as well as the potential for target modulation to achieve differentiation from established therapies. Here, we present recommendations from the GOT-IT working group, which have been designed to support academic scientists and funders of translational research in identifying and prioritizing target assessment activities and in defining a critical path to reach scientific goals as well as goals related to licensing, partnering with industry or initiating clinical development programmes. Based on sets of guiding questions for different areas of target assessment, the GOT-IT framework is intended to stimulate academic scientists' awareness of factors that make translational research more robust and efficient, and to facilitate academia-industry collaboration.
    MeSH term(s) Biomedical Research/standards ; Drug Discovery ; Drug Industry/standards ; Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/chemistry ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Pharmaceutical Preparations
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2062954-0
    ISSN 1474-1784 ; 1474-1776
    ISSN (online) 1474-1784
    ISSN 1474-1776
    DOI 10.1038/s41573-020-0087-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Long-Term Treatment and Transfusion of Normal Blood Components Following Tolerance Induction in Patients with Anti-IgA Anaphylactic Reactions

    Salama, Abdulgabar / Kardashi, Romina / Arbach, Olga

    Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy

    2014  Volume 41, Issue 5, Page(s) 381–387

    Abstract: Background: In general, patients with significant anti-Ig-A do not tolerate intravenous (i.v.) administration of normal blood products. Here, we present our experiences in the induction of immune tolerance (IIT) and long-term treatment in a series of ... ...

    Institution Transfusion Medicine, Charité University Medicine - Campus Virchow Klinikum, and ZTB, Zentrum für Transfusionsmedizin und Zelluläre Therapie, Berlin, Germany
    Abstract Background: In general, patients with significant anti-Ig-A do not tolerate intravenous (i.v.) administration of normal blood products. Here, we present our experiences in the induction of immune tolerance (IIT) and long-term treatment in a series of such patients affected in such a way. The question whether blood components from IgA-deficient donors are required will be discussed. Methods: Ten adult patients (4 females and 6 males; age ranging from 36 to 75 years) with anti-IgA were included in this study. All patients required long-term treatment with blood components. One patient had IgA deficiency and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), and all other patients had common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The particle gel immunoassay was used for the detection of anti-IgA. Immune tolerance to IgA was induced by controlled subcutaneous (s.c.) and/or i.v. infusions of IgG preparations. Results: Prior to IIT, anti-IgA was detectable in plasma samples of all patients and significantly diminished or abolished by controlled s.c. and/or i.v. infusions of IgG. Multiple transfusions with normal blood components could be repeatedly performed with the patient suffering from PNH without any complications. As long as i.v. IgG (IVIgG) infusions were consequently administered as individually required (intervals 2-8 weeks), none of the patients developed reactions during observation (up to 10 years). However, interruption of treatment and re-exposure to IVIgG resulted in adverse reactions. Conclusion: Patients with significant anti-IgA can be safely desensitized and tolerate long-term IgG substitutions independent of the IgA concentration of the used blood component.
    Keywords IVIgG ; Immune tolerance ; IgA deficiency ; Transfusion reactions ; Anti-IgA ; IgA anaphylaxis ; Anaphylactic reactions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-09-15
    Publisher S. Karger GmbH
    Publishing place Freiburg, Germany
    Document type Article
    Note Original Article
    ZDB-ID 2100848-6
    ISSN 1660-3818 ; 1660-3796
    ISSN (online) 1660-3818
    ISSN 1660-3796
    DOI 10.1159/000366240
    Database Karger publisher's database

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  8. Article: Improved adalimumab dose decision with comprehensive diagnostics data.

    Zänker, Michael / Becher, Gunther / Arbach, Olga / Maurer, Marcus / Stuhlmüller, Bruno / Schäfer, Astrid / Strohner, Pavel / Brand, Janko

    Clinical and experimental rheumatology

    2017  

    Abstract: Objectives: Monoclonal antibodies are important in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This is the first trial to monitor the effect of adalimumab dose escalation in persistently active RA. The aim of this study was to identify the response to ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Monoclonal antibodies are important in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This is the first trial to monitor the effect of adalimumab dose escalation in persistently active RA. The aim of this study was to identify the response to adalimumab to improve the basis for making decision in relation to actual drug capacity in serum.
    Methods: The disease activity of RA patients was assessed with CDAI and DAS28 before administration of additional 40 mg adalimumab one week after standard injection. Serum samples were analysed using the recoveryELISA technology, a combination of sandwich ELISA and competitive assay. The recoveryELISA measure the concentrations of free TNF-α, drug level, and the remaining active adalimumab in the patients' sera. An adalimumab concentration of 5.0-10.0 g/mL was defined as the targeted therapeutic window.
    Results: Five of 8 patients achieved moderate EULAR response by dose escalation. The results of the free adalimumab and TNF-α neutralisation measurements allowed a separation of the cohort (n=17) into three groups. Group 1 represents 18% of the patients with free adalimumab level higher 30.0 μg/mL and TNF-α neutralisation above 95%. Group 2 (47%) consists of patients within the therapeutic window with balanced free adalimumab and TNF-α neutralisation values. Group 3 contains 35% of the cohort with low concentrations of free adalimumab and lowest remaining TNF-α-neutralisation capacity. Anti-drug antibodies were detected in four patients but did not prevent response to treatment.
    Conclusions: Drug and antigen monitoring using recoveryELISA may support dose decision to avoid unnecessary switch in medication or possible overtreatment.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-08-28
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605886-3
    ISSN 1593-098X ; 0392-856X
    ISSN (online) 1593-098X
    ISSN 0392-856X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Erythropoietin May Improve Anemia in Patients with Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Associated with Reticulocytopenia

    Arbach, Olga / Funck, Robert / Seibt, Frank / Salama, Abdulgabar

    Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy

    2012  Volume 39, Issue 3, Page(s) 221–223

    Abstract: Background: Management of patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and reticulocytopenia remains challenging. Case Reports: Two patients with decompensated AIHA who were receiving immunosuppressive drugs were treated with erythropoietin (EPO). ... ...

    Institution Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Universitätsmedizin Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin St. Marien Amberg Clinic, Amberg Private Internal Medicine Practice, Berlin, Germany
    Abstract Background: Management of patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and reticulocytopenia remains challenging. Case Reports: Two patients with decompensated AIHA who were receiving immunosuppressive drugs were treated with erythropoietin (EPO). Administration of EPO increased reticulocyte counts and hemoglobin concentrations in both cases. One patient completely recovered following a short course of treatment. Hemolysis could be compensated in the second patient using only mild doses of immunosuppressive drugs in combination with EPO. Conclusion: The administration of EPO should be considered in patients with therapyrefractory AIHA, particularly in the presence of reticulocytopenia.
    Keywords Autoimmune hemolytic anaemia ; AIHA ; Reticulocytopenia ; Anemia ; Erythropoietin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-05-15
    Publisher S. Karger GmbH
    Publishing place Freiburg, Germany
    Document type Article
    Note Case Report · Fallbericht
    ZDB-ID 2100848-6
    ISSN 1660-3818 ; 1660-3796
    ISSN (online) 1660-3818
    ISSN 1660-3796
    DOI 10.1159/000339260
    Database Karger publisher's database

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  10. Article: Increased Prevalence of Diastolic Heart Failure in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Correlates with Active Disease, but Not with Treatment Type.

    Schau, Thomas / Gottwald, Michael / Arbach, Olga / Seifert, Martin / Schöpp, Maren / Neuß, Michael / Butter, Christian / Zänker, Michael

    The Journal of rheumatology

    2015  Volume 42, Issue 11, Page(s) 2029–2037

    Abstract: Objective: Although heart failure (HF) is a major cause of premature mortality, there is little information regarding its prevalence and associated risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of HF ...

    Abstract Objective: Although heart failure (HF) is a major cause of premature mortality, there is little information regarding its prevalence and associated risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of HF in a community-based RA cohort. Further, we investigated the effect of RA activity and present treatment on HF rate and cardiac structure.
    Methods: A diagnostic workup for HF according to the European Society of Cardiology recommendations was performed in 157 patients with RA fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria (68% women, age 61 ± 13 yrs) from our outpatient clinic and in 77 age- and sex-matched controls.
    Results: The prevalence of HF in patients with RA (24%) was unexpectedly high and differed significantly from the control sample (6%, p = 0.001). Diastolic HF was the dominant type (23% vs 6%), and clinical symptoms alone were of low diagnostic value. Active RA (28-joint Disease Activity Score ≥ 2.6: OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.3-9.8) was an independent risk factor of HF, as well as systemic inflammation (erythrocyte sedimentation rate > 16 mm/h: OR 5.4, 95% CI 2.1-16; C-reactive protein > 10 mg/l: OR 2.6, 95% CI 0.8-8.0) and RA duration > 10 years (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.2-5.8). HF in RA was associated with concentric hypertrophy (48% vs 17%, p < 0.001) and reduced longitudinal strain (-17.2% vs -19.7%, p < 0.001). However, the prevalence of HF was equivalent between the treatment groups [conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) 25%, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors 22%, other biological DMARD 27%].
    Conclusion: Recognition of all diastolic HF in RA requires a complex diagnostic approach. Active rather than inactive RA places patients at a higher risk for HF, whereas influence of RA treatment on HF risk needs to be elucidated in further studies.
    MeSH term(s) Age Distribution ; Aged ; Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/diagnosis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/epidemiology ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Comorbidity ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Echocardiography, Doppler/methods ; Female ; Germany ; Heart Failure, Diastolic/diagnostic imaging ; Heart Failure, Diastolic/epidemiology ; Heart Failure, Diastolic/physiopathology ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Risk Assessment ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sex Distribution ; Statistics, Nonparametric ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Antirheumatic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-11
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 194928-7
    ISSN 1499-2752 ; 0315-162X
    ISSN (online) 1499-2752
    ISSN 0315-162X
    DOI 10.3899/jrheum.141647
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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