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Article ; Online: Toll-Like Receptors as Therapeutic Targets in Central Nervous System Tumors.

Abarca-Merlin, D M / Maldonado-Bernal, C / Alvarez-Arellano, L

2019 Volume 2019, Page(s) 5286358

Abstract: In recent years, progress has been made in understanding the pathological, genetic, and molecular heterogeneity of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. However, improvements in risk classification, prognosis, and treatment have not been sufficient. ... ...

Abstract	In recent years, progress has been made in understanding the pathological, genetic, and molecular heterogeneity of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. However, improvements in risk classification, prognosis, and treatment have not been sufficient. Currently, great importance has been placed to the tumor microenvironment and the immune system, which are very important components that influence the establishment and development of tumors. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are innate immunite system sensors of a wide variety of molecules, such as those associated with microorganisms and danger signals. TLRs are expressed on many cells, including immune cells and nonimmune cells such as neurons and cancer cells. In the tumor microenvironment, activation of TLRs plays dual antitumoral (dendritic cells, cytotoxic T cells, and natural killer cells activation) and protumoral effects (tumor cell proliferation, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy) and constitutes an area of opportunities and challenges in the development of new therapeutic strategies. Several clinical trials have been carried out, and others are currently in process; however, the results obtained to date have been contradictory and have not led to a definitive position about the use of TLR agonists in adjuvant therapy during the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. In this review, we focus on recent advances in TLR agonists as immunotherapies for treatment of CNS tumors.
MeSH term(s)	Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology ; Central Nervous System/drug effects ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms/immunology ; Dendritic Cells ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Neurons/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; Toll-Like Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors ; Toll-Like Receptors/immunology ; Tumor Microenvironment
Chemical Substances	Antitubercular Agents ; Toll-Like Receptors
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2698540-8
ISSN	2314-6141 ; 2314-6133
ISSN (online)	2314-6141
ISSN	2314-6133
DOI	10.1155/2019/5286358
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Atmospheric deposition of semivolatile organic pollutants in European high mountains: Sources, settling and chemical degradation.

Fernandez, Pilar / van Drooge, Barend L / Arellano, Lourdes / Grimalt, Joan O

The Science of the total environment

2021 Volume 784, Page(s) 147099

Abstract: Bulk atmospheric deposition samples, including wet and dry deposition, were collected during 2004-2006 in four high mountain European lakes: Skalnate Pleso (Tatra mountains, Slovakia), Gossenköllesee (Alps, Austria), Redon (Pyrenees, Spain), and ... ...

Abstract	Bulk atmospheric deposition samples, including wet and dry deposition, were collected during 2004-2006 in four high mountain European lakes: Skalnate Pleso (Tatra mountains, Slovakia), Gossenköllesee (Alps, Austria), Redon (Pyrenees, Spain), and Lochnagar (Grampian Mountains, Scotland). Samples were analysed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), endosulfans, and polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The deposition of PCBs, HCHs, and low brominated BDEs reflected baseline contributions from long range atmospheric transport. This was also the case for PAHs in Redon and Gossenköllesee, endosulfans in Lochnagar and Gossenköllesee and HCB in these three lakes. However, Skalnate received PAHs, endosulfans, and HCB from regional sources as it was the case for endosulfans in Redon. The distinct origin of these pollutants was reflected in the relative composition of some metabolites such as the proportion of endosulfan sulfate vs α- and β-endosulfans or the relative composition of BDE47 and BDE99. Wet deposition was the main process for atmospheric removal of PAHs, HCHs, and HCB. In addition, warm season revolatilization from soils and melting snow with subsequent condensation at low temperature were significant for volatile PAHs, HCB, low chlorinated PCBs, and endosulfans. Reaction with OH radicals was not a significant loss process of HCHs and HCB in remote areas, dominated by wet deposition, whereas PCBs and PAHs were significantly removed by both wet deposition and OH radical oxidation, the latter dominating in the highest altitude sites. Photolysis was the main atmospheric removal process of PBDEs, dominating over atmospheric deposition and OH depletion in all sites.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-14
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147099
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Zs.A 949: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Inter-observer variability in male pelvic-floor MRI measurements that might predict post-prostatectomy incontinence.

Muñoz-Calahorro, Carmen / Parada-Blázquez, Mariano José / García-Sánchez, Cristina / López-Arellano, Leticia / Vizcaíno-Velázquez, Pilar / Medina-López, Rafael Antonio

World journal of urology

2023 Volume 41, Issue 4, Page(s) 1147–1155

Abstract: Introduction: Current studies are focusing on the relationship between anatomical variables in preoperative prostate MRI and the development of post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI). Nevertheless, there is little evidence regarding the reliability of ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Current studies are focusing on the relationship between anatomical variables in preoperative prostate MRI and the development of post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI). Nevertheless, there is little evidence regarding the reliability of these measurements. The objective of this study was to analyze the concordance between urologists and radiologists for anatomical measurements that might be PPI predictors. Material and methods: Pelvic floor measurements with 3T-MRI were performed by two radiologists and two urologists independently and blindly. Interobserver agreement was determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Bland-Altman plot. Results: The concordance was good-acceptable for most measurements, except for the levator ani and puborectalis muscle thickness (some ICC values < 0.20/p value > 0.05). The anatomical parameters with the highest degree of agreement were intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) and prostate volume (most of the ICC values > 0.60). The membranous urethral length (MUL) and the angle of the membranous urethra-prostate axis (aLUMP) presented ICC > 0.40. The obturator internus muscle thickness (OIT), urethral width and intraprostatic urethral length presented a fair-moderate degree of agreement (ICC > 0.20). Regarding the agreement between different specialists, the highest degree was obtained for the two radiologists and for urologist 1-radiologist 2 (moderate median agreement), while urologist 2 with each of the radiologists had a regular median agreement. Conclusions: MUL, IPP, prostate volume, aLUMP, OIT, urethral width and prostatic length show acceptable inter-observer concordance and they would be reliable as possible predictors of PPI. Levator ani and puborectalis muscle thickness show bad agreement. Interobserver agreement might not be greatly influenced by previous professional experience.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Observer Variation ; Pelvic Floor/diagnostic imaging ; Reproducibility of Results ; Urinary Incontinence/diagnostic imaging ; Urinary Incontinence/etiology ; Prostatectomy/adverse effects ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-16
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	380333-8
ISSN	1433-8726 ; 0724-4983
ISSN (online)	1433-8726
ISSN	0724-4983
DOI	10.1007/s00345-023-04320-3
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Zs.A 1832: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Progressive secondary exo-focal dopaminergic neurodegeneration occurs in not directly connected midbrain nuclei after pure motor-cortical stroke.

Hosp, J A / Greiner, K L / Martinez Arellano, L / Roth, F / Löffler, F / Reis, J / Fritsch, B

Experimental neurology

2020 Volume 327, Page(s) 113211

Abstract: Transsynaptic anterograde and retrograde degeneration of neurons and neural fibers are assumed to trigger local excitotoxicity and inflammatory processes. These processes in turn are thought to drive exo-focal neurodegeneration in remote areas connected ... ...

Abstract	Transsynaptic anterograde and retrograde degeneration of neurons and neural fibers are assumed to trigger local excitotoxicity and inflammatory processes. These processes in turn are thought to drive exo-focal neurodegeneration in remote areas connected to the infarcted tissue after ischemic stroke. In the case of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), in which striato-nigral connections are affected, the hypothesis of inflammation-induced remote neurodegeneration is based on the temporal dynamics of an early appearance of inflammatory markers in midbrain followed by dopaminergic neuronal loss. To test the hypothesis of a direct transsynaptic mediation of secondary exo-focal post-ischemic neurodegeneration, we used a photochemical induction of a stroke (PTS) in Sprague-Dawley rats restricted to motor cortex (MC), thereby sparing the striatal connections to dopaminergic midbrain nuclei. To dissect the temporal dynamics of post-ischemic neurodegeneration, we analyzed brain sections harvested at day 7 and 14 post stroke. Here, an unexpectedly pronounced and widespread loss of dopaminergic neurons occurred 14 days after stroke also affecting dopaminergic nuclei that are not directly coupled to MC. Since the pattern of neurodegeneration in case of a pure motor stroke is similar to a major stroke including the striatum, it is unlikely that direct synaptic coupling is a prerequisite for delayed secondary exo-focal post ischemic neurodegeneration. Furthermore, dopaminergic neurodegeneration was already detected by Fluoro-Jade C staining at day 7, coinciding with a solely slight inflammatory response. Thus, inflammation cannot be assumed to be the primary driver of exo-focal post-ischemic cell death. Moreover, nigral substance P (SP) expression indicated intact striato-nigral innervation after PTS, whereas opposing effects on SP expression after striatal infarcts argue against a critical role of SP in neurodegenerative or inflammatory processes during exo-focal neurodegeneration.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Dopaminergic Neurons/metabolism ; Dopaminergic Neurons/pathology ; Male ; Mesencephalon/metabolism ; Mesencephalon/pathology ; Motor Cortex/metabolism ; Motor Cortex/pathology ; Nerve Degeneration/metabolism ; Nerve Degeneration/pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stroke/metabolism ; Stroke/pathology ; Substance P/metabolism ; Substantia Nigra/metabolism ; Substantia Nigra/pathology
Chemical Substances	Substance P (33507-63-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	207148-4
ISSN	1090-2430 ; 0014-4886
ISSN (online)	1090-2430
ISSN	0014-4886
DOI	10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113211
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Zs.A 184: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin in Pediatric Neurological Diseases.

Alvarez-Arellano, Lourdes / Salazar-García, Marcela / Corona, Juan Carlos

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2020 Volume 25, Issue 23

Abstract: Oxidative stress is a crucial event underlying several pediatric neurological diseases, such as the central nervous system (CNS) tumors, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Neuroprotective therapy with ... ...

Abstract	Oxidative stress is a crucial event underlying several pediatric neurological diseases, such as the central nervous system (CNS) tumors, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Neuroprotective therapy with natural compounds used as antioxidants has the potential to delay, ameliorate or prevent several pediatric neurological diseases. The present review provides an overview of the most recent research outcomes following quercetin treatment for CNS tumors, ASD and ADHD as well as describes the potential in vitro and in vivo ameliorative effect on oxidative stress of bioactive natural compounds, which seems like a promising future therapy for these diseases. The neuroprotective effects of quercetin against oxidative stress can also be applied in the management of several neurodegenerative disorders with effects such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-obesity and anti-microbial. Therefore, quercetin appears to be a suitable adjuvant for therapy against pediatric neurological diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/drug therapy ; Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use ; Quercetin/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Neuroprotective Agents ; Quercetin (9IKM0I5T1E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules25235597
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Zs.MO 81: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Degeneracion walleriana bilateral de haces pontocerebelosos secundaria a infarto protuberancial.

Macias-Garcia, D / Bernal Sanchez-Arjona, M / Lopez-Arellano, L / Pinero, P

Revista de neurologia

2018 Volume 67, Issue 3, Page(s) 113–114

Title translation	Bilateral Wallerian degeneration of pontocerebellar fibres secondary to pontine infarction.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Alcoholism/complications ; Brain Stem Infarctions/complications ; Brain Stem Infarctions/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Stem Infarctions/pathology ; Cerebellum/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebellum/pathology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome/complications ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Fibers/pathology ; Neuroimaging ; Pons/diagnostic imaging ; Pons/pathology ; Quadriplegia/etiology ; Smoking/adverse effects ; Vertebral Artery Dissection/complications ; Wallerian Degeneration/diagnostic imaging ; Wallerian Degeneration/etiology ; Wallerian Degeneration/pathology
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2018-07-12
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Case Reports ; Letter
ZDB-ID	1468278-3
ISSN	1576-6578 ; 0210-0010
ISSN (online)	1576-6578
ISSN	0210-0010
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Zs.A 5003: Show issues

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Article ; Online: An Overview of Adipose Tissue ACE2 Modulation by Diet and Obesity. Potential Implications in COVID-19 Infection and Severity.

Gómez-Zorita, Saioa / Milton-Laskibar, Iñaki / García-Arellano, Laura / González, Marcela / Portillo, María P

International journal of molecular sciences

2021 Volume 22, Issue 15

Abstract: The present review is aimed at analysing the current evidence concerning the potential modulation of obesity and/or diet in adipose tissue ACE2. Additionally, the potential implications of these effects on COVID-19 are also addressed. The results ... ...

Abstract	The present review is aimed at analysing the current evidence concerning the potential modulation of obesity and/or diet in adipose tissue ACE2. Additionally, the potential implications of these effects on COVID-19 are also addressed. The results published show that diet and obesity are two factors that effectively influence the expression of
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/genetics ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/metabolism ; Animals ; COVID-19/metabolism ; Diet ; Humans ; Obesity/metabolism ; Renin-Angiotensin System/physiology ; Severity of Illness Index
Chemical Substances	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms22157975
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Online: Vigilantes and Lynch Mobs

Arellano, Lisa

Narratives of Community and Nation

2012

Abstract: Looking at the narrative accounts of mob violence produced by vigilantes and their advocates as "official" histories, Lisa Arellano shows how these nonfiction narratives conformed to a common formula whose purpose was to legitimate frontier justice and ... ...

Abstract	Looking at the narrative accounts of mob violence produced by vigilantes and their advocates as "official" histories, Lisa Arellano shows how these nonfiction narratives conformed to a common formula whose purpose was to legitimate frontier justice and lynching.In Vigilantes and Lynch Mobs, Arellano closely examines such narratives as well as the work of Western historian and archivist Hubert Howe Bancroft, who was sympathetic to them, and that of Ida B. Wells, who wrote in fierce opposition to lynching. Tracing the creation, maintenance, and circulation of dominant, alternative, and opposit
Language	English
Size	Online-Ressource (204 p)
Publisher	Temple University Press
Publishing place	Philadelphia PA
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	Description based upon print version of record
ISBN	9781439908457 ; 1439908451
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Article: Antioxidants as a Potential Target against Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Alvarez-Arellano, Lourdes / González-García, Nadia / Salazar-García, Marcela / Corona, Juan Carlos

Antioxidants. 2020 Feb. 21, v. 9, no. 2

2020

Abstract: Psychostimulants and non-psychostimulants are the medications prescribed for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, several adverse results have been linked with an increased risk of substance use and side effects. The ...

Abstract	Psychostimulants and non-psychostimulants are the medications prescribed for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, several adverse results have been linked with an increased risk of substance use and side effects. The pathophysiology of ADHD is not completely known, although it has been associated with an increase in inflammation and oxidative stress. This review presents an overview of findings following antioxidant treatment for ADHD and describes the potential amelioration of inflammation and oxidative stress using antioxidants that might have a future as multi-target adjuvant therapy in ADHD. The use of antioxidants against inflammation and oxidative conditions is an emerging field in the management of several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Thus, antioxidants could be promising as an adjuvant ADHD therapy.
Keywords	adjuvants ; adverse effects ; antioxidants ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; pathophysiology ; therapeutics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0221
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox9020176
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Antioxidants as a Potential Target against Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Alvarez-Arellano, Lourdes / González-García, Nadia / Salazar-García, Marcela / Corona, Juan Carlos

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

2020 Volume 9, Issue 2

Abstract	Psychostimulants and non-psychostimulants are the medications prescribed for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, several adverse results have been linked with an increased risk of substance use and side effects. The pathophysiology of ADHD is not completely known, although it has been associated with an increase in inflammation and oxidative stress. This review presents an overview of findings following antioxidant treatment for ADHD and describes the potential amelioration of inflammation and oxidative stress using antioxidants that might have a future as multi-target adjuvant therapy in ADHD. The use of antioxidants against inflammation and oxidative conditions is an emerging field in the management of several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Thus, antioxidants could be promising as an adjuvant ADHD therapy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox9020176
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