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  1. Article ; Online: ERCC6L2 mitigates replication stress and promotes centromere stability.

    Carnie, Christopher J / Armstrong, Lucy / Sebesta, Marek / Ariza, Antonio / Wang, Xiaomeng / Graham, Emily / Zhu, Kang / Ahel, Dragana

    Cell reports

    2023  Volume 42, Issue 4, Page(s) 112329

    Abstract: Structurally complex genomic regions, such as centromeres, are inherently difficult to duplicate. The mechanism behind centromere inheritance is not well understood, and one of the key questions relates to the reassembly of centromeric chromatin ... ...

    Abstract Structurally complex genomic regions, such as centromeres, are inherently difficult to duplicate. The mechanism behind centromere inheritance is not well understood, and one of the key questions relates to the reassembly of centromeric chromatin following DNA replication. Here, we define ERCC6L2 as a key regulator of this process. ERCC6L2 accumulates at centromeres and promotes deposition of core centromeric factors. Interestingly, ERCC6L2
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Chromatin ; Centromere/metabolism ; DNA/chemistry ; DNA Replication ; DNA Repair ; DNA Helicases/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Chromatin ; DNA (9007-49-2) ; ERCC6L2 protein, human (EC 3.6.4.12) ; DNA Helicases (EC 3.6.4.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2649101-1
    ISSN 2211-1247 ; 2211-1247
    ISSN (online) 2211-1247
    ISSN 2211-1247
    DOI 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112329
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: ATAGI Targeted Review 2021: the national COVID-19 vaccination program.

    Jayasinghe, Sanjay / Patel, Cyra / Armstrong, Lucy / Chiu, Clayton / Macartney, Kristine / Flanagan, Katie / Gibney, Katherine / Giles, Michelle / Crawford, Nigel / Cheng, Allen / Blyth, Chris

    Communicable diseases intelligence (2018)

    2023  Volume 47

    Abstract: Abstract: The overarching goal of the Australian coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination program has been to protect all people in Australia from the harm caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. This review reflects on the role of the ... ...

    Abstract Abstract: The overarching goal of the Australian coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination program has been to protect all people in Australia from the harm caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. This review reflects on the role of the Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (ATAGI) in the national COVID-19 vaccination program, in terms of the initial programmatic and clinical recommendations in the evolving context of evidence relating to the disease and vaccines, epidemiology, and the program rollout. To fulfil the obligation to provide evidence-based advice to the Minister for Health and Aged Care on the safe, effective and equitable use of COVID-19 vaccines, ATAGI has worked closely with other agencies and committees such as the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) and the Communicable Diseases Network Australia. ATAGI recommendations have sought to optimise the use of the available vaccine doses in achieving the objectives of preventing serious illness and death from COVID-19 while addressing any emerging safety signals following program commencement on 22 February 2021. As of mid-November 2021, the use of COVID-19 vaccines in children aged 5 to 11 years was being considered by the TGA and ATAGI; and emerging evidence, in areas such as use of heterologous vaccine schedules and co-administration with other vaccines, was under review. Despite unprecedented challenges which the delivery of mass COVID-19 vaccination presented to health systems globally, in Australia much was achieved in 2021 with over 90% coverage for primary doses in the vaccine-eligible population. Evaluation, using high quality data and assessment methods, of vaccination program outcomes-such as coverage, vaccine effectiveness and impact-is key to determine whether program objectives have been achieved and where gaps remain. Reflecting on the lessons learned so far would help further improve the national COVID-19 vaccination program and would also benefit programs for other routine vaccines and planning for future pandemics.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Australia/epidemiology ; Vaccines ; Vaccination
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-27
    Publishing country Australia
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ISSN 2209-6051
    ISSN (online) 2209-6051
    DOI 10.33321/cdi.2023.47.20
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Quantitative, titratable and high-throughput reporter assays to measure DNA double strand break repair activity in cells.

    Rajendra, Eeson / Grande, Diego / Mason, Bethany / Di Marcantonio, Daniela / Armstrong, Lucy / Hewitt, Graeme / Elinati, Elias / Galbiati, Alessandro / Boulton, Simon J / Heald, Robert A / Smith, Graeme C M / Robinson, Helen M R

    Nucleic acids research

    2023  Volume 52, Issue 4, Page(s) 1736–1752

    Abstract: Repair of DNA damage is essential for the maintenance of genome stability and cell viability. DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) constitute a toxic class of DNA lesion and multiple cellular pathways exist to mediate their repair. Robust and titratable ... ...

    Abstract Repair of DNA damage is essential for the maintenance of genome stability and cell viability. DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) constitute a toxic class of DNA lesion and multiple cellular pathways exist to mediate their repair. Robust and titratable assays of cellular DSB repair (DSBR) are important to functionally interrogate the integrity and efficiency of these mechanisms in disease models as well as in response to genetic or pharmacological perturbations. Several variants of DSBR reporters are available, however these are often limited by throughput or restricted to specific cellular models. Here, we describe the generation and validation of a suite of extrachromosomal reporter assays that can efficiently measure the major DSBR pathways of homologous recombination (HR), classical nonhomologous end joining (cNHEJ), microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) and single strand annealing (SSA). We demonstrate that these assays can be adapted to a high-throughput screening format and that they are sensitive to pharmacological modulation, thus providing mechanistic and quantitative insights into compound potency, selectivity, and on-target specificity. We propose that these reporter assays can serve as tools to dissect the interplay of DSBR pathway networks in cells and will have broad implications for studies of DSBR mechanisms in basic research and drug discovery.
    MeSH term(s) DNA/metabolism ; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ; DNA End-Joining Repair ; DNA Repair/genetics ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; Homologous Recombination ; Recombinational DNA Repair ; Humans ; Cell Line
    Chemical Substances DNA (9007-49-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 186809-3
    ISSN 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954 ; 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    ISSN (online) 1362-4962 ; 1362-4954
    ISSN 0301-5610 ; 0305-1048
    DOI 10.1093/nar/gkad1196
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1067: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  4. Article: Seroprevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Specific Antibodies in Australia After the First Epidemic Wave in 2020: A National Survey.

    Vette, Kaitlyn M / Machalek, Dorothy A / Gidding, Heather F / Nicholson, Suellen / O'Sullivan, Matthew V N / Carlin, John B / Downes, Marnie / Armstrong, Lucy / Beard, Frank H / Dwyer, Dominic E / Gibb, Robert / Gosbell, Iain B / Hendry, Alexandra J / Higgins, Geoff / Hirani, Rena / Hueston, Linda / Irving, David O / Quinn, Helen E / Shilling, Hannah /
    Smith, David / Kaldor, John M / Macartney, Kristine

    Open forum infectious diseases

    2022  Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) ofac002

    Abstract: Background: As of mid-2021, Australia's only nationwide coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic occurred in the first 6 months of the pandemic. Subsequently, there has been limited transmission in most states and territories. Understanding ... ...

    Abstract Background: As of mid-2021, Australia's only nationwide coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic occurred in the first 6 months of the pandemic. Subsequently, there has been limited transmission in most states and territories. Understanding community spread during the first wave was hampered by initial limitations on testing and surveillance. To characterize the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific antibody seroprevalence generated during this time, we undertook Australia's largest national SARS-CoV-2 serosurvey.
    Methods: Between June 19 and August 6, 2020, residual specimens were sampled from people undergoing general pathology testing (all ages), women attending antenatal screening (20-39 years), and blood donors (20-69 years) based on the Australian population's age and geographic distributions. Specimens were tested by Wantai total SARS-CoV-2-antibody assay. Seroprevalence estimates adjusted for test performance were produced. The SARS-CoV-2 antibody-positive specimens were characterized with microneutralization assays.
    Results: Of 11 317 specimens (5132 general pathology; 2972 antenatal; 3213 blood-donors), 71 were positive for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies. Seroprevalence estimates were 0.47% (95% credible interval [CrI], 0.04%-0.89%), 0.25% (CrI, 0.03%-0.54%), and 0.23% (CrI, 0.04%-0.54%), respectively. No seropositive specimens had neutralizing antibodies.
    Conclusions: Australia's seroprevalence was extremely low (<0.5%) after the only national COVID-19 wave thus far. These data and the subsequent limited community transmission highlight the population's naivety to SARS-CoV-2 and the urgency of increasing vaccine-derived protection.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2757767-3
    ISSN 2328-8957
    ISSN 2328-8957
    DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofac002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) loss of function displays variant and tissue-specific differences across tumor types.

    Pilie, Patrick G / Giuliani, Virginia / Wang, Wei-Lien / McGrail, Daniel J / Bristow, Christopher A / Ngoi, Natalie Y L / Kyewalabye, Keith / Wani, Khalida M / Le, Hung / Campbell, Erick / Sánchez, Nora S / Yang, Dong / Gheeya, Jinesh S / Goswamy, Rohit Vivek / Holla, Vijaykumar / Shaw, Kenna Rael / Meric-Bernstam, Funda / Liu, Chiu-Yi / Ma, XiaoYan /
    Feng, Ningping / Machado, Annette A / Bardenhagen, Jennifer P / Vellano, Christopher P / Marszalek, Joseph R / Rajendra, Eeson / Piscitello, Desiree / Johnson, Timothy I / Likhatcheva, Maria / Elinati, Elias / Majithiya, Jayesh / Neves, Joana / Grinkevich, Vera / Ranzani, Marco / Roy-Luzarraga, Marina / Boursier, Marie / Armstrong, Lucy / Geo, Lerin / Lillo, Giorgia / Tse, Wai Yiu / Lazar, Alexander J / Kopetz, Scott E / Geck Do, Mary K / Lively, Sarah / Johnson, Michael G / Robinson, Helen M R / Smith, Graeme C M / Carroll, Christopher L / Di Francesco, M Emilia / Jones, Philip / Heffernan, Timothy P / Yap, Timothy A

    Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

    2024  

    Abstract: Purpose: Mutations in the ATM gene are common in multiple cancers, but clinical studies of therapies targeting ATM aberrant cancers have yielded mixed results. Refinement of ATM loss of function (LOF) as a predictive biomarker of response is urgently ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Mutations in the ATM gene are common in multiple cancers, but clinical studies of therapies targeting ATM aberrant cancers have yielded mixed results. Refinement of ATM loss of function (LOF) as a predictive biomarker of response is urgently needed.
    Experimental design: We present the first disclosure and preclinical development of a novel, selective ATR inhibitor, ART0380, and test its antitumor activity in multiple preclinical cancer models. To refine ATM LOF as a predictive biomarker, we performed a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of ATM variants in patient tumors, and then assessed the ATM variant-to-protein relationship. Finally, we assessed a novel ATM LOF biomarker approach in retrospective clinical datasets of patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy or ATR inhibition.
    Results: ART0380 had potent, selective anti-tumor activity in a range of preclinical cancer models with differing degrees of ATM LOF. Pan-cancer analysis identified 10609 ATM variants in 8587 patient tumors. Cancer-lineage specific differences were seen in: the prevalence of deleterious (Tier 1) versus unknown/benign (Tier 2) variants, selective pressure for loss of heterozygosity, and concordance between a deleterious variant and ATM loss of protein (LOP). A novel ATM LOF biomarker approach that accounts for variant classification, relationship to ATM LOP, and tissue-specific penetrance significantly enriched for patients who benefited from platinum-based chemotherapy or ATR inhibition.
    Conclusions: These data help to better define ATM LOF across tumor types in order to optimize patient selection and improve molecularly targeted therapeutic approaches for patients with ATM LOF cancers.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1225457-5
    ISSN 1557-3265 ; 1078-0432
    ISSN (online) 1557-3265
    ISSN 1078-0432
    DOI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-23-1763
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4223: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
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  6. Article ; Online: Tractography of the brainstem in major depressive disorder using diffusion tensor imaging.

    Song, Yun Ju C / Korgaonkar, Mayuresh S / Armstrong, Lucy V / Eagles, Sarah / Williams, Leanne M / Grieve, Stuart M

    PloS one

    2014  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) e84825

    Abstract: Background: The brainstem is the main region that innervates neurotransmitter release to the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) axis and fronto-limbic circuits, two key brain circuits found to be dysfunctional in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). ... ...

    Abstract Background: The brainstem is the main region that innervates neurotransmitter release to the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Adrenal (HPA) axis and fronto-limbic circuits, two key brain circuits found to be dysfunctional in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). However, the brainstem's role in MDD has only been evaluated in limited reports. Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), we investigated whether major brainstem white matter tracts that relate to these two circuits differ in MDD patients compared to healthy controls.
    Methods: MDD patients (n = 95) and age- and gender-matched controls (n = 34) were assessed using probabilistic tractography of DTI to delineate three distinct brainstem tracts: the nigrostriatal tract (connecting brainstem to striatum), solitary tract (connecting brainstem to amygdala) and corticospinal tract (connecting brainstem to precentral cortex). Fractional anisotropy (FA) was used to measure the white matter integrity of these tracts, and measures were compared between MDD and control participants.
    Results: MDD participants were characterized by a significant and specific decrease in white matter integrity of the right solitary tract (p<0.009 using independent t-test), which is a "bottom up" afferent pathway that connects the brainstem to the amygdala. This decrease was not related to symptom severity.
    Conclusions: The results provide new evidence to suggest that structural connectivity between the brainstem and the amygdala is altered in MDD. These results are interesting in light of predominant theories regarding amygdala-mediated emotional reactivity observed in functional imaging studies of MDD. The characterization of altered white matter integrity in the solitary tract in MDD supports the possibility of dysfunctional brainstem-amygdala connectivity impacting vulnerable circuits in MDD.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Amygdala/pathology ; Amygdala/physiopathology ; Anisotropy ; Brain Mapping/methods ; Brain Stem/pathology ; Brain Stem/physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Depressive Disorder, Major/pathology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/physiopathology ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0084825
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