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  1. Article ; Online: Selective image segmentation driven by region, edge and saliency functions

    Shafiullah Soomro / Asim Niaz / Toufique Ahmed Soomro / Jin Kim / Adnan Manzoor / Kwang Nam Choi

    PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss

    2023  Volume 12

    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: INITIAL RIGID FIXATION TECHNIQUES FOR ACETABULAR CUP IN CEMENTLESS TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY

    Asim Niaz Naqvi / Saman Waqar

    Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, Vol 68, Iss 5, Pp 1245-

    2018  Volume 1248

    Abstract: Objective: To see the effectiveness of press fit technique to achieve initial rigid stability for Acetabular cup in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) done for Osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) in our setting. Study Design: Case series. Place and ...

    Abstract Objective: To see the effectiveness of press fit technique to achieve initial rigid stability for Acetabular cup in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) done for Osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) in our setting. Study Design: Case series. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted in UNIT 3 Orthopedic department, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi from Oct 2015 to Aug 2016. Patients and Methods: All cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients operated for Osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) in UNIT 3 were included. Total of 12 patients were included in study with age ranging from 22 years to 47 years with mean age of 35.30 years. All patients were operated in lateral decubitus position. Confirmation of adequate fit was done by visual inspection through the hole in the acetabular cup and by rocking of the pelvis after insertion of trial cup with its attached handle. Results: Out of 12 patients, line to line technique was found to be successful in 10 (83%) patients. Two (17%) patients needed press fit technique. Conclusion: Line to line technique is more successful technique for initial rigid stability in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) for Osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) in our setting.
    Keywords avascular necrosis of bone ; femur head necrosis ; hip replacement arthroplasty ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Army Medical College Rawalpindi
    Document type Article ; Online
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  3. Article ; Online: Self-initialized active contours for microscopic cell image segmentation

    Asim Niaz / Ehtesham Iqbal / Farhan Akram / Jin Kim / Kwang Nam Choi

    Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 13

    Abstract: Abstract Level set models are suitable for processing topological changes in different regions of images while performing segmentation. Active contour models require an empirical setting for initial parameters, which is tedious for the end-user. This ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Level set models are suitable for processing topological changes in different regions of images while performing segmentation. Active contour models require an empirical setting for initial parameters, which is tedious for the end-user. This study proposes an incremental level set model with the automatic initialization of contours based on local and global fitting energies that enable it to capture image regions containing intensity corruption or other light artifacts. The region-based area and the region-based length terms use signed pressure force (SPF) to strengthen the balloon force. SPF helps to achieve a smooth version of the gradient descent flow in terms of energy minimization. The proposed model is tested on multiple synthetic and real images. Our model has four advantages: first, there is no need for the end user to initialize the parameters; instead, the model is self-initialized. Second, it is more accurate than other methods. Third, it shows lower computational complexity. Fourth, it does not depend on the starting position of the contour. Finally, we evaluated the performance of our model on microscopic cell images (Coelho et al., in: 2009 IEEE international symposium on biomedical imaging: from nano to macro, IEEE, 2009) to confirm that its performance is superior to that of other state-of-the-art models.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 004
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY

    Muhammad Muttahhar Asim Niaz / Fahd Mudassar Hameed / Mudassira Zahid

    Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, Vol 70, Iss 4, Pp 1039-

    A STUDY OF DEMOGRAPHIC, MORPHOLOGICAL FACTORS AND IATROGENIC OCCURRENCES

    2020  Volume 1044

    Abstract: Objective: To compare the morbid anatomy and iatrogenic problems and complications encountered during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in both genders. Study Design: A cross sectional analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To compare the morbid anatomy and iatrogenic problems and complications encountered during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in both genders. Study Design: A cross sectional analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Pakistan Air Force Hospital, Islamabad, from May 2017 to Jan 2019. Methodology: All patients who underwent LC during our study period were included in the study. A predesigned proforma was used to record data. The cases were divided into two groups based on gender. The parameters studied for each group included appearance of gallbladder, intra operative bile leakage, requirement of hemostatic procedure, spillage of stones, multiplicity of stones i.e. single vs. multiple, operative time and need of drain placement. Results: A total of 120 patients were included in the study. There were 21 (17.5%) male and 99 (82.5%) female subjects. The mean age was 43.66 ± 13.8 years with range of 11-74 years. Normal looking gallbladder was more common in females. Thick walled gallbladder was less frequent in females (males 66.7% vs. females 39.4% p=0.043) Intraoperative complications were more in males. There was no statistically significance gender difference in number of stones, spillage of stones and need for hemostasis. Conclusion: Symptomatic gallstones were mostly found in females. Gender differences exist as regards the apparent morphology & difficult operative factors. Performance of LC in our setup is of a standard comparable to those of other centers. Since morbid anatomy of females is more favorable, so surgeons new to LC should be encouraged to perform surgery on female patients.
    Keywords gallbladder ; laparoscopic cholecystectomy ; morphology ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Army Medical College Rawalpindi
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Cognitive function assessment during 2 mA transcranial direct current stimulation in DLPFC in healthy volunteers.

    Bashir, Shahid / Al-Hussain, Fawaz / Hamza, Ali / Asim Niaz, Talha / Albaradie, Raidah / Habib, Syed S

    Physiological reports

    2019  Volume 7, Issue 20, Page(s) e14264

    Abstract: Although cognitive function has been reported to change following the anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) but still variable results have been reported in healthy subject and there is paucity of data on the cognitive effects of online ... ...

    Abstract Although cognitive function has been reported to change following the anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) but still variable results have been reported in healthy subject and there is paucity of data on the cognitive effects of online tDCS. Therefore, we aimed to assess the online effect of tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on cognitive function and obtain safety data in healthy adults. We recruited 36 healthy (20 male) participants for this double-blind, sham-controlled parallel design. We used Stop Signal Task (SST) Go Trial and Pattern Recognition Memory (PRM) tests to evaluate cognitive function during 2 mA (20 min) anodal or sham tDCS stimulation over the left DLPFC. In active conditions, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was selected for electrode placement with reference over right supraorbital cortex. All related tasks were done during the online tDCS section in both groups (active/sham). There were statistically significant differences in cognitive function according to the PRM test (P = 0.003), SST (P = 0.021), and SST correct response time on Go Trials (P = 0.02) during active stimulation compared to the sham group. Our results reveal that cognitive performance is affected by a single dose of active online tDCS over DLPFC area compared to sham stimulation. In our study, tDCS is well-tolerated and safe that further supports the safety of tDCS in local healthy population.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Cognition/physiology ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Male ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Reaction Time/physiology ; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation/methods ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2724325-4
    ISSN 2051-817X ; 2051-817X
    ISSN (online) 2051-817X
    ISSN 2051-817X
    DOI 10.14814/phy2.14264
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Rehabilitation of a patient with spinal cord decompression sickness

    Sami Ullah / Ahmad Zaheer Qureshi / Kholoud Kedowah / Afnan AlHargan / Asim Niaz

    Clinical Case Reports, Vol 7, Iss 11, Pp 2231-

    First case report from Saudi Arabia

    2019  Volume 2234

    Abstract: Abstract This case brings attention to development of rehabilitation protocols for patients with decompression sickness (DCS). A lack of data regarding DCS renders the need of conducting multicenter studies to document the epidemiology and outcomes of ... ...

    Abstract Abstract This case brings attention to development of rehabilitation protocols for patients with decompression sickness (DCS). A lack of data regarding DCS renders the need of conducting multicenter studies to document the epidemiology and outcomes of spinal cord DCS in Saudi Arabia.
    Keywords decompression sickness ; rehabilitation ; Saudi Arabia ; spinal cord injuries ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Segmentation of Intensity-Corrupted Medical Images Using Adaptive Weight-Based Hybrid Active Contours

    Asif Aziz Memon / Shafiullah Soomro / Muhammad Tanseef Shahid / Asad Munir / Asim Niaz / Kwang Nam Choi

    Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, Vol

    2020  Volume 2020

    Abstract: Segmentation accuracy is an important criterion for evaluating the performance of segmentation techniques used to extract objects of interest from images, such as the active contour model. However, segmentation accuracy can be affected by image artifacts ...

    Abstract Segmentation accuracy is an important criterion for evaluating the performance of segmentation techniques used to extract objects of interest from images, such as the active contour model. However, segmentation accuracy can be affected by image artifacts such as intensity inhomogeneity, which makes it difficult to extract objects with inhomogeneous intensities. To address this issue, this paper proposes a hybrid region-based active contour model for the segmentation of inhomogeneous images. The proposed hybrid energy functional combines local and global intensity functions; an incorporated weight function is parameterized based on local image contrast. The inclusion of this weight function smoothens the contours at different intensity level boundaries, thereby yielding improved segmentation. The weight function suppresses false contour evolution and also regularizes object boundaries. Compared with other state-of-the-art methods, the proposed approach achieves superior results over synthetic and real images. Based on a quantitative analysis over the mini-MIAS and PH2 databases, the superiority of the proposed model in terms of segmentation accuracy, as compared with the ground truths, was confirmed. Furthermore, when using the proposed model, the processing time for image segmentation is lower than those when using other methods.
    Keywords Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7
    Subject code 006
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with functional task training on motor recovery in stroke patients.

    Al-Hussain, Fawaz / Nasim, Eman / Iqbal, Muhammad / Altwaijri, Nouf / Asim, Niaz / Yoo, Woo-Kyoung / Bashir, Shahid

    Medicine

    2021  Volume 100, Issue 6, Page(s) e24718

    Abstract: Background: Motor deficits are common after stroke and are a major contributor to stroke-related disability and the potential for long-lasting neurobiological consequences of stroke remains unresolved. There are only a few treatments available for the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Motor deficits are common after stroke and are a major contributor to stroke-related disability and the potential for long-lasting neurobiological consequences of stroke remains unresolved. There are only a few treatments available for the improvement of motor function in stroke patients. However, the mechanisms underlying stroke recovery remain poorly understood, and effective neurorehabilitation interventions remain insufficiently proven for widespread implementation.
    Methods: Herein, we propose to enhance the effects of brain plasticity using a powerful noninvasive technique for brain modulation consisting of navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) priming with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in combination with motor-training-like constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT). Our hypothesis is that navigated low-frequency rTMS stimulus priming with precise location provided by neuronavigation on the healthy side of the brain and with anodal tDCS on the affected side combined with CIMT will induce a greater motor function improvement than that obtained with sham tDCS combined with CIMT alone. We predict that the application of this technique will result in a large reduction in cortical excitability and dis-inhibition in the affected hemisphere and lead to improvements in behavioral measures of hand function in stroke patients.
    Discussion: The proposed study, therefore, is important for several reasons. The results could potentially lead to improved stroke therapeutics, and the approach makes use of 2 potential pathways to modulate brain function.
    Trial registration: This study protocol was registered in Clinical Trials Registry (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04646577).
    Ethics and dissemination: The study has been reviewed and approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam. The results will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, social media, broadcast media, print media, the internet and various community/stakeholder engagement activities.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Motor Skills/physiology ; Neuroimaging ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Recovery of Function ; Stroke Rehabilitation ; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80184-7
    ISSN 1536-5964 ; 0025-7974
    ISSN (online) 1536-5964
    ISSN 0025-7974
    DOI 10.1097/MD.0000000000024718
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Lifestyle interventions for healthy brain aging

    Shahid Bashir / Eman Nasim / Mohammad Uzair / Asim Niaz / Aneesa Zafar / Ghulam Murtaza / Imdad Kaleem / Muhammad Arshad / Fawaz Al‐Hussain / Syed Shahid Habib

    Lifestyle Medicine, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)

    A protocol for systematic review and meta‐analysis

    2021  

    Abstract: Abstract Background The main objective of the present protocol is to assess the lifestyle interventions (eating habits, physical exercise, social and cultural participation) on the brain health as people age. Methods We will look at the following ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background The main objective of the present protocol is to assess the lifestyle interventions (eating habits, physical exercise, social and cultural participation) on the brain health as people age. Methods We will look at the following database sources, “The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar,” for this protocol, which is standardized by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) Protocols. Only Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients will be eligible, and no restriction will be placed on participant's gender, age, education, ethnicity, or other demographic characteristics. All the studies based on the impact of active intervention centered on lifestyle interventions, including eating habits, sleep patterns, and physical exercise on the cognitive and functional status in the elderly populations. The primary outcome is the effects of nutrition and lifestyle interventions on the patients with AD, and secondary outcomes include body mass index, body fat percentage, and muscle mass. Results In this study, we hope to find lifestyle interventions, which could have a preventive effect on brain health as people age, in particular AD. Conclusion The conclusion of our study would suggest that a healthy lifestyle interventions, defined on the basis of proper nutrition, sleep patterns, physical exercise, and social and cultural activities, can positively influence the cognitive consequences of healthy brain aging.
    Keywords Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 796
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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