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  1. Article ; Online: Using remote sensing to assess peatland resilience by estimating soil surface moisture and drought recovery.

    Lees, K J / Artz, R R E / Chandler, D / Aspinall, T / Boulton, C A / Buxton, J / Cowie, N R / Lenton, T M

    The Science of the total environment

    2020  Volume 761, Page(s) 143312

    Abstract: Peatland areas provide a range of ecosystem services, including biodiversity, carbon storage, clean water, and flood mitigation, but many areas of peatland in the UK have been degraded through human land use including drainage. Here, we explore whether ... ...

    Abstract Peatland areas provide a range of ecosystem services, including biodiversity, carbon storage, clean water, and flood mitigation, but many areas of peatland in the UK have been degraded through human land use including drainage. Here, we explore whether remote sensing can be used to monitor peatland resilience to drought. We take resilience to mean the rate at which a system recovers from perturbation; here measured literally as a recovery timescale of a soil surface moisture proxy from drought lowering. Our objectives were (1) to assess the reliability of Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) backscatter as a proxy for water table depth (WTD); (2) to develop a method using SAR to estimate below-ground (hydrological) resilience of peatlands; and (3) to apply the developed method to different sites and consider the links between resilience and land management. Our inferences of WTD from Sentinel-1 SAR data gave results with an average Pearson's correlation of 0.77 when compared to measured WTD values. The 2018 summer drought was used to assess resilience across three different UK peatland areas (Dartmoor, the Peak District, and the Flow Country) by considering the timescale of the soil moisture proxy recovery. Results show clear areas of lower resilience within all three study sites, which often correspond to areas of high drainage and may be particularly vulnerable to increasing drought severity/events under climate change. This method is applicable to monitoring peatland resilience elsewhere over larger scales, and could be used to target restoration work towards the most vulnerable areas.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-04
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143312
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 949: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article: Probing the structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNase MRP.

    Walker, S C / Aspinall, T V / Gordon, J M B / Avis, J M

    Biochemical Society transactions

    2005  Volume 33, Issue Pt 3, Page(s) 479–481

    Abstract: In yeast, RNase MRP (mitochondrial RNA processing), a ribonucleoprotein precursor rRNA processing enzyme, possesses one putatively catalytic RNA and ten protein subunits and is highly related to RNase P. Structural analysis of the MRP RNA provides data ... ...

    Abstract In yeast, RNase MRP (mitochondrial RNA processing), a ribonucleoprotein precursor rRNA processing enzyme, possesses one putatively catalytic RNA and ten protein subunits and is highly related to RNase P. Structural analysis of the MRP RNA provides data that closely match a previous secondary-structure model derived from phylogenetic analysis, with the exception of an additional stem. This stem occupies an equivalent position to the P7 stem of RNase P RNA and its inclusion confers on MRP RNA a greater similarity to the core P RNA structure. In vivo studies indicate that the P7-like stem can form, but is not a part of, the active enzyme structure. Stem formation would increase RNA stability in the absence of proteins and our alternative structure may be a valid intermediate species in RNase MRP assembly. Further ongoing studies of this enzyme reveal an extensive network of interactions between subunits and a probable central role for the Pop1, Pop4 and Pop7 subunits.
    MeSH term(s) Base Pairing ; Base Sequence ; Conserved Sequence ; Endoribonucleases/chemistry ; Endoribonucleases/genetics ; Endoribonucleases/metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Protein Binding ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Subunits/chemistry ; Protein Subunits/metabolism ; RNA, Fungal/chemistry ; RNA, Fungal/genetics ; RNA, Fungal/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/enzymology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics
    Chemical Substances Protein Subunits ; RNA, Fungal ; Endoribonucleases (EC 3.1.-) ; mitochondrial RNA-processing endoribonuclease (EC 3.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 184237-7
    ISSN 1470-8752 ; 0300-5127
    ISSN (online) 1470-8752
    ISSN 0300-5127
    DOI 10.1042/BST0330479
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 944: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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  3. Article: Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in commercial meat products as monitored by polymerase chain reaction--food for thought?

    Aspinall, T.V / Marlee, D / Hyde, J.E / Sims, P.F.G

    International journal for parasitology Aug 2002. v. 32 (9)

    2002  

    Abstract: DNA was extracted from 71 meat samples obtained from UK retail outlets. All of these DNA preparations gave the expected polymerase chain reaction products when amplified with primers specific for the species from which the meat originated. A second ... ...

    Abstract DNA was extracted from 71 meat samples obtained from UK retail outlets. All of these DNA preparations gave the expected polymerase chain reaction products when amplified with primers specific for the species from which the meat originated. A second polymerase chain reaction analysis, using primers specific for the Toxoplasma gondii SAG2 locus, revealed the presence of this parasite in 27 of the meat samples. Restriction analysis and DNA sequencing showed that 21 of the contaminated meats contained parasites genotyped as type I at the SAG2 locus, whilst six of the samples contained parasites of both types I and II. Toxoplasma- positive samples were subjected to further polymerase chain reaction analysis to determine whether any carried an allele of the dihydropteroate synthase gene that has recently been shown to be causally associated with sulfonamide resistance in T. gondii. In all cases, this analysis confirmed that parasites were present in the samples and, additionally, revealed that none of them carried the drug-resistant form of dihydropteroate synthase. These results suggest that a significant proportion of meats commercially available in the UK are contaminated with T. gondii. Although none of the parasites detected in this study carried the sulfonamide-resistance mutation, a simplified procedure for monitoring this situation merits development.
    Keywords Toxoplasma gondii ; food contamination ; pork ; beef ; meat products ; polymerase chain reaction ; genes ; alleles ; alkyl (aryl) transferases ; sulfonamides ; drug resistance ; food safety ; loci ; lamb meat ; United Kingdom
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2002-08
    Size p. 1193-1199.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 120518-3
    ISSN 1879-0135 ; 0020-7519
    ISSN (online) 1879-0135
    ISSN 0020-7519
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 789: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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