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Article ; Online: Nutritional Care in the Prevention and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019

Atena Ramezani / Mahsa Amirpour

تحقیقات سلامت در جامعه, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 74-

A Simple Overview

2020 Volume 82

Abstract: Introduction and purpose: A new species of the new beta-coronavirus family has recently been found in Wuhan, China (nCoV-2019). This virus can cause a variety of serious respiratory illnesses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome. Therefore, due to ... ...

Abstract	Introduction and purpose: A new species of the new beta-coronavirus family has recently been found in Wuhan, China (nCoV-2019). This virus can cause a variety of serious respiratory illnesses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome. Therefore, due to the relationship of nutrition with the immune and respiratory systems, the present review study was designed with the aim of collecting evidence on the role of nutritional care in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Methods: The Persian and English articles that were related to the subject of interest and published up to 2020 were searched in such databases as PubMed and Google Scholar. The search was performed using the following keywords: “Coronavirus”, “Nutrition”, “Supplement”, and “Influenza”. Results: According to the reviewed studies, the main transmission route of coronavirus is the person-to-person transmission. Therefore, frequent hand washing, maintaining social distance, and observing personal hygiene play an important role in preventing the disease. Due to the role of nutrition in the prevention of infections and the relationship of vitamin and salt deficiency with the exacerbation of respiratory diseases, all patients are recommended to consume a variety of fruits and vegetables. The use of lukewarm liquids to dilute respiratory secretions and a healthy balanced diet, including all major food groups, are measures of significant importance in these patients. People with nutritional deficiencies are recommended to use supplements. However, there are contradictory findings in this regard for all patients. Conclusion: To improve the immune system, it is recommended to cook the protein foods thoroughly and avoid using unpackaged foods. With regard to the fruits and vegetables, it is better to use the fruits and vegetables that can be peeled. Considering the relationship between malnutrition and the spread of infectious diseases, it is suggested to receive sufficient macronutrients, proteins, useful fats, and omega-3 sources, as well as fruits and ...
Keywords	coronavirus ; covid-19 ; nutrition ; supplement ; Medicine ; R ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	610
Language	Persian
Publishing date	2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Role of Nutrigenetics in Controlling Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

Atena Ramezani / Atefeh Ramezani

تحقیقات سلامت در جامعه, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 49-

A Narrative Review

2018 Volume 64

Abstract: Introduction and purpose: There are several important factors for prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Out of all, diet modification has a great amount of efficacy. However, the genetic differences in individuals make diet effects dissimilar in ... ...

Abstract	Introduction and purpose: There are several important factors for prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Out of all, diet modification has a great amount of efficacy. However, the genetic differences in individuals make diet effects dissimilar in various people. In fact, the difference in metabolic responses of individuals to foods due to different genotypes is known as noregenetics. Nutrigenomics represents a suitable approach to CVD prevention and treatment through optimization of individuals’ dietary intakes based on genotype.Methods: This review study was conducted to investigate the most important polymorphisms associated with CVD risk factors. To this end, the English articles related to polymorphism and expression of the genes involved in CVDs and inflammation having been published since 2000 were searched in Pubmed, Science direct, Google scholar.The search process was accomplished using the following keywords: “Nutrigenetics”, “Gene”, “Polymorphism”, “Diet therapy”, and “Cardiovascular disease”.Results: Understanding the interaction of genes and nutrients requires tools for the study of Nitrigenomics, Noregenetics, and phenotypic characteristics. The human genome project revealed small changes in single polymorphism Nucleotide is called Single-nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPS) and it's happening in the genes. These changes in the genotype cause a change in function due to the activation of the gene.In a review of studies, it was found that SNPS not only clearly affects the level of cytokine production in humans; But also plays a very close role in mortality in a wide range of diseases. In the present study, the most important polymorphisms associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease are discussed.Conclusion: Therefore, from the perspective of health, knowledge in the field of prevention and treatment of diseases, heart arteries, and general dietary recommendations can be applied to each particular genotype group.
Keywords	Cardiovascular disease ; Gene expression ; Inflammation ; Nutrigenetics ; Medicine ; R ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	610
Language	Persian
Publishing date	2018-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Overview of Flour Fortification Program with Iron and Folic Acid in Iran

Marjan Mahdavi-Roshan / Atena Ramezani

تحقیقات سلامت در جامعه, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 57-

2017 Volume 68

Abstract: Introduction and purpose: A large percentage of the world population suffersfrom hidden hunger, which is defined as micronutrients deficiency. Irondeficiency anemia is one of the most common complications of the micronutrientsdeficiency and there is a ... ...

Abstract	Introduction and purpose: A large percentage of the world population suffersfrom hidden hunger, which is defined as micronutrients deficiency. Irondeficiency anemia is one of the most common complications of the micronutrientsdeficiency and there is a lot of effort to deal with this problem. For this purpose,this study aimed to examine the program of flour fortification with iron in Iran.Methods: The cohort, case-control, and clinical trial studies with the searchstrategies such as iron deficiency anemia, fortification, and micronutrientsdeficiency, which were conducted until 2015 were included. The data sourcesentailed PubMed, Ovid, Elsevier Science, Blackwell Synergy, and Google. Allthe selected studies were available in English and Persian.Results: In several countries, the best method for correction of the irondeficiency anemia is food fortification due to high efficacy and low adverseeffects of this method. Bread is a staple food in Iran; therefore, flour fortificationwas performed in this country. The premix powder containing 30 ppm of ironand 1.5 ppm of folic acid was used for flour fortification. Considering the varioustypes of wealth, the total amount of iron in flour was up to 80 to 85 ppm thatmay lead to iron poisoning in people with a low socio-economic status becauseof high bread consumption, as well as the individuals with high socio-economicstatus since they receive iron from the other resources. Therefore this programwas stopped in several provinces due to the mentioned complication.Conclusion: Prior to the implementation of this program, it was essential tocarry out abundant pilot studies to investigate the probable complications andproblems of this plan. To the best of our knowledge, there is limited number ofstudies conducted on the adverse effects of iron fortification in Iran; therefore,further studies are recommended in this issue.
Keywords	Anemia ; Enrichment ; Flour ; Folic acid ; Iron ; Medicine ; R ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	Persian
Publishing date	2017-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Behavioral Determinants of Obesity among Adolescents

Mosharafeh Chaleshgar- Kordasiabi / Atena Ramezani / Seyed Abolhasan Naghibi / Jamshid Yazdani Cherati / Maryam Khazai-Pool / Masoumeh Abbasi-Shavazi

Journal of Nutrition and Food Security, Vol 7, Iss 3, Pp 319-

A Qualitative Study

2022 Volume 330

Abstract: Background: Overweight and obesity are the most serious public health challenges of developed and developing countries. The prevalence of childhood obesity has increased worldwide. This study aims to identify the behavioral determinants of overweight and ...

Abstract	Background: Overweight and obesity are the most serious public health challenges of developed and developing countries. The prevalence of childhood obesity has increased worldwide. This study aims to identify the behavioral determinants of overweight and obesity among adolescents. Methods: This is a qualitative study with directed approach to content analysis of in-depth semi-structured interviews. A total of 27 obese and overweight students (11girls, 16 boys) were recruited in this study based on the PRECEDE model (predisposing factor). The participants were recruited using a purposive sampling method to reach the maximum variation sampling. This sampling took over 6 months in 2018 at the Ghaemshahr middle school. Content analysis approach (directed) was used to analyze the interview. Results: Five main themes and 20 sub-themes of behavioral determinant were emerged from the interview. The main themes included perceived benefit, perceived threaten, self-efficacy, cues to action, and locus of control. The subthemes included self-empowerment, motivation and diligence role, enough information and parent pressure, long term benefits, physical health, doing favorite sports, perceived susceptibility and perceived severity, and internal and external locus of control. Conclusion: Self-efficacy and perceived benefit are the most significant determinants of preventive behavior in obese and overweight students; therefore, considering these variables in students can be applied in designing an interventional program that affect obesity preventive behaviors, increase parents’ awareness and school authorities.
Keywords	overweight ; obese ; adolescents ; precede model ; qualitative research ; Agriculture ; S ; Nutrition. Foods and food supply ; TX341-641
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The association between pro-vegetarian dietary pattern and risk of colorectal cancer

Elham Tavassoli Nejad / Elham Moslemi / Fateme Souni / Marzieh Mahmoodi / Mohebat Vali / Mohammad Vatanpour / Mehran Nouri / Atena Ramezani / Zainab Shateri / Bahram Rashidkhani

BMC Research Notes, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a matched case-control study

2023 Volume 8

Abstract: Abstract Background Few studies assess the link between plant-based diets and colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence. To our knowledge, no study has examined the association between pro-vegetarian dietary pattern (PDP) and CRC globally or among Iranians. ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Few studies assess the link between plant-based diets and colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence. To our knowledge, no study has examined the association between pro-vegetarian dietary pattern (PDP) and CRC globally or among Iranians. Therefore, the objective of our matched case-control study was to evaluate the association between PDP and CRC in the Iranian population. Methods The present research was a hospital-based case (n = 71)-control (n = 142) study conducted in the same hospitals in Tehran, Iran. This study used a reliable and valid semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire to evaluate the participants’ dietary intake. According to the residual method, the selected plant and animal foods have been adjusted in the total energy intake to calculate the PDP index. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for confounding variables were also expressed using logistic regression by SPSS software. Results In the crude and adjusted models, we observed that the odds of CRC decreased significantly in the 3rd and last quartile of PDP compared to the 1st quartile (Q) (Crude model: Q3: OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.17 − 0.79, P-value = 0.011 and Q4: OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.14 − 0.79, P-value = 0.012 - Adjusted model: Q3: OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.18 − 0.94, P-value = 0.035 and Q4: OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.14 − 0.87, P-value = 0.025). Conclusions Based on the results of the present case-control study in the Iranian population, it was concluded that PDP, which involves consuming vegetables, fruits, cereals, dairy products, and low meat consumption, reduces the odds of CRC. In conclusion, adherence to PDP is associated with a decreased odds of CRC.
Keywords	Pro-vegetarian dietary pattern ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Colorectal cancer ; Iranian ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
Subject code	001
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of Breakfast Consumption among Elementary School Students in Ahwaz Based on BASNEF Model

Seyed Abolhassan Naghibi / Maryam Ahmadi / Atena Ramezani

آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت ایران, Vol 4, Iss 3, Pp 236-

2016 Volume 243

Abstract: Background and objective: Consuming breakfast are effective in health promotion, memory, learning and cognitive functioning among school children. This study was designed to evaluate the consumption of breakfast among students based on BASNEF model. ... ...

Abstract	Background and objective: Consuming breakfast are effective in health promotion, memory, learning and cognitive functioning among school children. This study was designed to evaluate the consumption of breakfast among students based on BASNEF model. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried on 504 elementary school students who were selected by a two-stage cluster sampling method. Using a BASNEF model, attitude and enabling factors and subjective norms were examined. Data analysis was performed using SPSS21 and descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Results: 63% of students had no knowledge about the impact of breakfast, 30% moderate and 7% had poor knowledge about it. 49.9% of the students sometimes, 17.5% always, and 32.6% never ate snacks. There were significant relationship between knowledge and practice (p < 0.05). The most important factor of eating snacks, among the subjective norms structure was mothers with 66.4%, and among empowering structures it was related to the crowded school buffet (40.2%) and bag becoming heavy (38%). Conclusion: Due to the special role of mothers on students’ breakfast consumption, empowerment and proper functioning of mothers, along with educating students about consuming complete breakfast can improve their nutritional behavior. Paper Type: Research Article.
Keywords	breakfast ; basnef model ; elementary school students ; ahvaz ; Medicine ; R ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	370
Language	Persian
Publishing date	2016-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Iranian Association of Health Education and Health Promotion
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Impact of Fasting on Metabolic and Anthropometric Parameters in Type II Diabetic Patients

Tayebeh Yazdanyar / Mehrnoush Sohrab / Atena Ramezani / Parastoo Karimi Aliabadi / Adele Bahar / Mahboobeh Shirzad / Elham Yousefi Abdolmaleki / Mohsen Aarabi

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 14, Iss 12, Pp OC18-OC

A Prospective Observational Study

2020 Volume 23

Abstract: Introduction: Fasting has certain effects on metabolic and anthropometric parameters in diabetic patients. It is therefore, necessary for patients to receive proper instructions about their physical activities, eating habits, blood glucose monitoring and ...

Abstract	Introduction: Fasting has certain effects on metabolic and anthropometric parameters in diabetic patients. It is therefore, necessary for patients to receive proper instructions about their physical activities, eating habits, blood glucose monitoring and medications. Aim: To investigate the effects of fasting on metabolic and anthropometric indices in type II diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was performed during Ramadan 2018. The study population consisted of 40 type II diabetic patients (33 females and 7 males) who wished to fast. They started to follow given instructions on their physical activity, eating habits, blood glucose monitoring, and medications before Ramadan. Anthropometric variables were measured pre and post-Ramadan. Fasting Blood/Plasma Glucose (FBG/FPG), Glucose 2 Hour Postprandial (2h PPG), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and the lipids profile were assessed before and after Ramadan. FPG and 2h PPG were also evaluated on the fifteenth day of Ramadan. Data were presented as mean±SD. Paired t-test was employed and a p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: After completion of the study, anthropometric variables of patients, including weight (74.9±12.7 vs. 73.0±13.1 kg, p<0.001), BMI (29.9±5.2 vs. 29.0±5.1 kg/m2 , p=0.042), waist circumference (106.2±11.8 vs. 105.3±11.6 cm, p<0.001), conicity index (9.94±0.96 vs 9.80±0.99, p=0.085), systolic blood pressure (118.5±10.6 vs. 113.8±9.4 mmHg, p=0.018), Diastolic blood pressure (72.0±7.9 vs. 68.3±7.0 mmHg, p=0.02) and FPG (125.1±27.4 vs. 105.2±21.4 mg/dL, p<0.001) decreased significantly. However, serum triglyceride increased significantly (127.5±45.5 vs. 166.5±53.5 mg/dL, p<0.001) after fasting compared to pre-Ramadan measurements. Changes in other variables were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that fasting had beneficial effect on fasting blood glucose level and anthropometric parameters in type II diabetic patients.
Keywords	blood glucose ; body mass index ; cholesterol low density lipoprotein ; conicity index ; family physician ; high density lipoprotein cholesterol ; waist to hip ratio ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	796 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Various Effects of Omega 3 and Omega 3 Plus Vitamin E Supplementations on Serum Glucose Level and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Somayeh SABOORI / Mahmoud DJALALI / Esmaeil YOUSEFI RAD / Ebrahim Nematipour / Ali Akbar SABOOR-YARAGHI / Mohammad Hassan JAVANBAKHT / Mohammad Reza ESHRAGHIAN / Atena RAMEZANI / Fariba KOOHDANI

Iranian Journal of Public Health, Vol 45, Iss

2016 Volume 11

Abstract: Background: Omega 3 and vitamin E are two critical nutrients which include beneficial effects in coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of omega 3 alone supplementation or in combination with vitamin E on serum ... ...

Abstract	Background: Omega 3 and vitamin E are two critical nutrients which include beneficial effects in coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of omega 3 alone supplementation or in combination with vitamin E on serum glucose and lipid levels and insulin resistance in CAD patients. Methods: Participants of this clinical trial included 60 male patients with CAD who selected from Tehran Heart Center in Tehran, Iran in 2014. They received 4 g/day omega 3 plus 400 IU/day vitamin E (OE), 4 g/day omega 3 with vitamin E placebo (OP), or omega 3 and vitamin E placebo (PP) for two months. Serum glucose, lipids and insulin were assessed and HOMA-IR was calculated before and after the trial and effects of these nutrients on the highlighted parameters were compared within the study groups. Results: Serum glucose level increased significantly in OP group (P=0.004), but not in OE group. OE and OP groups showed a significant decrease in fasting serum TG (P=0.020 and P=0.001, respectively). Serum insulin and HOMA-IR decreased significantly in OE group (P=0.044 and P=0.039, respectively) but did not change significantly in OP group. Conclusion: Although, omega 3 supplementation may include adverse effects on serum glucose level, co-administration of omega 3 and vitamin E can beneficially decrease serum insulin and insulin resistance in CAD patients.
Keywords	CAD ; Omega 3 ; Vitamin E ; Glucose homeostasis ; Insulin resistance ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effect of Genistein and L-Carnitine and Their Combination on Gene Expression of Hepatocyte HMG-COA Reductase and LDL Receptor in Experimental Nephrotic Syndrome

Abbas YOUSEFINEJAD / Fereydoon SIASSI / Abbas MIRSHAFIEY / Mohammad-Reza ESHRAGHIAN / Fariba KOOHDANI / Mohammad Hassan JAVANBAKHT / Reza SEDAGHAT / Atena RAMEZANI / Mahnaz ZAREI / Mahmoud DJALALI

Iranian Journal of Public Health, Vol 44, Iss

2015 Volume 10

Abstract: Background: Nephrotic syndrome is a disorder that leads to hyperlipidemia. L-carnitine and genistein can effect on lipid metabolism and the syndrome. In the present study, we have delved into the separate and the twin-effects of L-carnitine and genistein ...

Abstract	Background: Nephrotic syndrome is a disorder that leads to hyperlipidemia. L-carnitine and genistein can effect on lipid metabolism and the syndrome. In the present study, we have delved into the separate and the twin-effects of L-carnitine and genistein on the gene expressions of HMG-COA reductase and LDL receptor in experimental nephrotic syndrome. Methods: In this controlled experimental study, 50 male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: NC (normal-control), PC (patient-control), LC (L-carnitine), G (genistein), LCG (L-carnitine-genistein). Adriamycin was used for inducing nephrotic syndrome and the spot urine samples and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio were measured. Hepatocytic RNA was extracted and real-time PCR was used for HMG-COA Reductase and LDL receptor gene Expression measurement. Results: The final weight of the patients groups were lower than the NC group (P=0.001), and weight gain of the NC group was higher than the other groups (P<0.001). The proteinuria and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio showed significant differences between PC group and LC, G and LCG groups at week 7 (P<0.001). The expression of HMG-COA Reductase mRNA down regulated in LC, G and LCG groups in comparison with PC group (P<0.001). ΔCT of LDLr mRNA showed significant differences between the PC group and the other patient groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: This study shows a significant decreasing (P<0.001) and non-significant increasing trend in HMG-COA Reductase and LDLr gene expression, respectively, and synergistic effect of L-carnitine and genistein on these genes in experimental nephrotic syndrome. Keywords: Gene, Genistein, L-carnitine, LDL Receptor, Nephrotic syndrome
Keywords	Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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