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Article ; Online: Round ligament varicosity: a rare cause of inguinal swelling.

Athwal, R / Hoar, F

2011 Volume 26, Issue 5, Page(s) 213–214

Abstract: We report a case series of three pregnant patients who presented with inguinal mass that were found to be round ligament varicosities. The diagnosis and management of this rare condition are discussed. A review of the literature is presented. ...

Abstract	We report a case series of three pregnant patients who presented with inguinal mass that were found to be round ligament varicosities. The diagnosis and management of this rare condition are discussed. A review of the literature is presented.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Edema/diagnosis ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/diagnosis ; Round Ligament of Uterus/physiopathology ; Ultrasonography/methods ; Varicose Veins/diagnosis ; Varicose Veins/physiopathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	645172-x
ISSN	1758-1125 ; 0268-3555
ISSN (online)	1758-1125
ISSN	0268-3555
DOI	10.1258/phleb.2010.010040
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Zs.A 2538: Show issues

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Article ; Online: HJURP antagonizes CENP-A mislocalization driven by the H3.3 chaperones HIRA and DAXX.

Nye, Jonathan / Sturgill, David / Athwal, Rajbir / Dalal, Yamini

PloS one

2018 Volume 13, Issue 10, Page(s) e0205948

Abstract: The centromere specific histone H3 variant CENP-A/CENH3 specifies where the kinetochore is formed in most eukaryotes. Despite tight regulation of CENP-A levels in normal cells, overexpression of CENP-A is a feature shared by various types of solid tumors ...

Abstract	The centromere specific histone H3 variant CENP-A/CENH3 specifies where the kinetochore is formed in most eukaryotes. Despite tight regulation of CENP-A levels in normal cells, overexpression of CENP-A is a feature shared by various types of solid tumors and results in its mislocalization to non-centromeric DNA. How CENP-A is assembled ectopically and the consequences of this mislocalization remain topics of high interest. Here, we report that in human colon cancer cells, the H3.3 chaperones HIRA and DAXX promote ectopic CENP-A deposition. Moreover, the correct balance between levels of the centromeric chaperone HJURP and CENP-A is essential to preclude ectopic assembly by H3.3 chaperones. In addition, we find that ectopic localization can recruit kinetochore components, and correlates with mitotic defects and DNA damage in G1 phase. Finally, CENP-A occupancy at the 8q24 locus is also correlated with amplification and overexpression of the MYC gene within that locus. Overall, these data provide insights into the causes and consequences of histone variant mislocalization in human cancer cells.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Centromere Protein A/metabolism ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8/genetics ; Co-Repressor Proteins ; DNA Damage ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Gene Amplification ; Histone Chaperones/metabolism ; Histones/metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetochores/metabolism ; Mitosis ; Molecular Chaperones ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Transport ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Centromere Protein A ; Co-Repressor Proteins ; DAXX protein, human ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; HIRA protein, human ; HJURP protein, human ; Histone Chaperones ; Histones ; Molecular Chaperones ; Nuclear Proteins ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; Transcription Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-10-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0205948
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Article ; Online: Diagnostic application of patent blue V in sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer - Is it time for a change?

Vidya, Raghavan / Athwal, Ruvinder / Huissoon, Aarnoud P / Baretto, Richard L / Thirumala Krishna, Mamidipudi

Indian journal of cancer

2019 Volume 56, Issue 3, Page(s) 269–270

Abstract: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was introduced in the 1990s, as a minimally invasive procedure for staging the axilla with less morbidity to the traditional axillary lymph node dissection and is now standard management of the axilla in the early breast ...

Abstract	Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was introduced in the 1990s, as a minimally invasive procedure for staging the axilla with less morbidity to the traditional axillary lymph node dissection and is now standard management of the axilla in the early breast cancer. SLNB using the combined technique of blue dye and radioisotope is currently the recommended method for lymphatic mapping, and studies have shown high identification rates (IR) (>95%) and low false-negative rates (FNR) 5-10%. However, there are several reports raising awareness regarding patent blue V dye-induced peri-operative anaphylaxis. The main aim of this article is to highlight the emergence of patent blue dye as a new allergen and present evidence regarding the utility of alternative safer methods of evaluation of early breast cancer without compromising IR.
MeSH term(s)	Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Breast Neoplasms/surgery ; Coloring Agents/standards ; False Negative Reactions ; Female ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Rosaniline Dyes/standards ; Sentinel Lymph Node/pathology ; Sentinel Lymph Node/surgery ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/standards
Chemical Substances	Coloring Agents ; Rosaniline Dyes ; sulfan blue (FH1929ICIT)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-07
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	410194-7
ISSN	1998-4774 ; 0019-509X
ISSN (online)	1998-4774
ISSN	0019-509X
DOI	10.4103/ijc.IJC_139_18
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Article: Surgery for gallstone disease during pregnancy does not increase fetal or maternal mortality: a meta-analysis.

Athwal, Ruvinder / Bhogal, Ricky Harminder / Hodson, James / Ramcharan, Sean

Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition

2016 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 53–57

Abstract: Background: Pregnancy was traditionally considered a contraindication to cholecystectomy but is now becoming the favoured option for gallstone-related disease (GRD) during pregnancy.: Methods: To assess if cholecystectomy during pregnancy increases ... ...

Abstract	Background: Pregnancy was traditionally considered a contraindication to cholecystectomy but is now becoming the favoured option for gallstone-related disease (GRD) during pregnancy. Methods: To assess if cholecystectomy during pregnancy increases the risk of preterm labour, fetal mortality and maternal mortality. PubMed and MEDLINE databases for the period from January 1966 through December 2013. Studies were both conservative and surgical intervention was utilised in the management of GRD were included. The results of the included studies were pooled using meta-analysis techniques. Results: Surgical intervention for GRD in pregnancy does not increase the risk of preterm labour, fetal mortality or maternal mortality. Conclusions: Cholecystectomy during pregnancy for GRD is associated with low complications for the fetus and mother and should be considered in all suitable patients.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-02-08
Publishing country	China (Republic : 1949- )
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2812398-0
ISSN	2304-389X ; 2304-3881
ISSN (online)	2304-389X
ISSN	2304-3881
DOI	10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2015.11.02
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Article: Suppurative intracranial complications of sinusitis in adolescence. Single institute experience and review of literature.

Kombogiorgas, D / Seth, R / Athwal, R / Modha, J / Singh, J

British journal of neurosurgery

2007 Volume 21, Issue 6, Page(s) 603–609

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the outcome of neurosurgical treated children with suppurative intracranial complications (SIC) of sinusitis over the past 28 years in our hospital. We reviewed the cases notes of a series of 11 consecutive ... ...

Abstract	The objective of this study was to investigate the outcome of neurosurgical treated children with suppurative intracranial complications (SIC) of sinusitis over the past 28 years in our hospital. We reviewed the cases notes of a series of 11 consecutive paediatric patients, who were subjected to surgery for sinusitis-induced SIC, retrospectively. Eleven children (10 males and only one female) were underwent neurosurgical procedure in our hospital between 1978 and 2006. Their age at the time of diagnosis ranging from 13 to 17 years (mean 15.27 years, SD 1.737). The commonest presenting symptoms were headaches (81.8%) followed by vomiting (45.5%) and swelling of the forehead (45.5%). The most often involved sinus was the frontal sinus (63.6%) and sinus surgery was performed in eight (72.72%) of 11 cases. The neurosurgical procedures carried out included burr hole drainage or aspiration of abscess in five cases, craniotomy and evacuation of empyema in seven cases and craniectomy in two cases. Four (36.4%) of 11 patients had more than one neurosurgical operation due to re-accumulation of pus and worsening of their clinical status. Most common pathogen was Streptococcus species (81.9%), and anaerobes were isolated in three (27.3%) cases. Postoperative antibiotic treatment lasted from 26 to 70 days (mean 45.45 days, SD 15.280). Epilepsy was diagnosed in two patients, postoperatively. During the follow-up period, persistent focal neurological deficits were present in five (45.5%) of 11 patients. Interestingly, five (45.45%) cases occurred over the last 2 years (2005-2006) and the other six over the previous 16 years (1978-2006). Prompt and aggressive medical and neurosurgical intervention is required, aiming to minimize the morbidity and mortality and also to maximize the favourable outcome of those children.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Bacterial Infections/drug therapy ; Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Bacterial Infections/surgery ; Empyema, Subdural/drug therapy ; Empyema, Subdural/microbiology ; Empyema, Subdural/surgery ; Epidural Abscess/drug therapy ; Epidural Abscess/microbiology ; Epidural Abscess/surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neurosurgical Procedures/methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis/drug therapy ; Sinusitis/microbiology ; Sinusitis/surgery ; Suppuration/drug therapy ; Suppuration/microbiology ; Suppuration/surgery
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	639029-8
ISSN	0268-8697
ISSN	0268-8697
DOI	10.1080/02688690701552856
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Zs.A 2210: Show issues

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Article: Patients' perspective on day case breast surgery.

Athwal, Ruvinder / Dakka, Mahmood / Appleton, Donna / Harries, Simon / Clarke, Dayalan / Jones, Lucie

Breast care (Basel, Switzerland)

2014 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–43

Abstract: Background: This study assessed the views of patients undergoing breast surgery for breast cancer with a planned overnight stay, asking whether they would be happy to be discharged home on the same day of surgery.: Methods: A structured questionnaire ...

Abstract	Background: This study assessed the views of patients undergoing breast surgery for breast cancer with a planned overnight stay, asking whether they would be happy to be discharged home on the same day of surgery. Methods: A structured questionnaire sent out in the 6 weeks following surgery was used to ascertain the patients' views. Results: The majority of patients undergoing mastectomy and axillary node clearance preferred an overnight stay, primarily for psychological reasons. Conclusions: Patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery were more prepared to go home on the day of surgery.
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-12-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2202236-3
ISSN	1661-3805 ; 1661-3791
ISSN (online)	1661-3805
ISSN	1661-3791
DOI	10.1159/000370207
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Article: A reassessment of the course of evolution of wheat.

Kimber, G / Athwal, R S

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2002 Volume 69, Issue 4, Page(s) 912–915

Abstract: Chromosome pairing in hybrids involving Triticum aestivum and new accessions of T. speltoides, and in an amphiploid of these species, indicates that T. speltoides can no longer be considered to be the donor of the B genome of the polyploid wheats. This ... ...

Abstract	Chromosome pairing in hybrids involving Triticum aestivum and new accessions of T. speltoides, and in an amphiploid of these species, indicates that T. speltoides can no longer be considered to be the donor of the B genome of the polyploid wheats. This necessitates a reconsideration of the genome relationships and evolutionary processes that gave rise to cultivated wheats.
Language	English
Publishing date	2002-09-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.69.4.912
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Article: Partial complementation of the DNA repair defects in cells from xeroderma pigmentosum groups A, C, D and F but not G by the denV gene from bacteriophage T4.

Francis, M A / Bagga, P / Athwal, R / Rainbow, A J

Photochemistry and photobiology

2000 Volume 72, Issue 3, Page(s) 365–373

Abstract: Endonuclease V (denV) from bacteriophage T4 was examined for its ability to complement the DNA repair defect in xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) cells from complementation groups A, C, D, F and G. The denV gene was introduced into SV40-transformed normal and ... ...

Abstract	Endonuclease V (denV) from bacteriophage T4 was examined for its ability to complement the DNA repair defect in xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) cells from complementation groups A, C, D, F and G. The denV gene was introduced into SV40-transformed normal and XP cells using a retroviral vector. Expression of denV resulted in partial correction of UV sensitivity and increased host cell reactivation (HCR) of a UV-damaged reporter gene for XP cells from groups A, C and D, but not those from group G. Expression of denV in XP-F cells resulted in enhanced HCR of a UV-damaged reporter but did not affect UV sensitivity. The observed partial complementation is thought to reflect denV-mediated repair of cyclobutane-pyrimidine dimers (CPD), and is incomplete as denV does not recognize other UV-induced lesions, and may not even efficiently remove all CPD. As XP-F cells are believed to retain near-normal levels of CPD repair in the bulk of the genome, we believe that the disparity in the ability of denV to complement the repair deficiency in these cells results from an increased rate, but not level, of CPD repair. Furthermore, we suggest that the lack of correction in the XP-G cells examined results from an inability to process denV-incised CPD by the base excision repair pathway, as has been suggested for cells from the related genetic disorder, Cockayne syndrome. Expression of denV in repair proficient normal cells also resulted in increased HCR of the UV-damaged reporter construct, possibly arising from an increased rate of CPD repair in these cells.
MeSH term(s)	Bacteriophage T4/genetics ; DNA Repair/genetics ; Endodeoxyribonucleases/genetics ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Multienzyme Complexes/genetics ; N-Glycosyl Hydrolases/genetics ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum/genetics
Chemical Substances	Multienzyme Complexes ; UV endonuclease (81611-73-6) ; Endodeoxyribonucleases (EC 3.1.-) ; N-Glycosyl Hydrolases (EC 3.2.2.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2000-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	123540-0
ISSN	1751-1097 ; 0031-8655
ISSN (online)	1751-1097
ISSN	0031-8655
DOI	10.1562/0031-8655(2000)072<0365:pcotdr>2.0.co;2
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Article: Patients' Perspective on Day Case Breast Surgery

Athwal, Ruvinder / Dakka, Mahmood / Appleton, Donna / Harries, Simon / Clarke, Dayalan / Jones, Lucie

Breast Care

2015 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–43

Institution	General Surgery, Warwick Hospital, Warwick, UK
Abstract	Background: This study assessed the views of patients undergoing breast surgery for breast cancer with a planned overnight stay, asking whether they would be happy to be discharged home on the same day of surgery. Methods: A structured questionnaire sent out in the 6 weeks following surgery was used to ascertain the patients' views. Results: The majority of patients undergoing mastectomy and axillary node clearance preferred an overnight stay, primarily for psychological reasons. Conclusions: Patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery were more prepared to go home on the day of surgery.
Keywords	Breast cancer ; Mastectomy ; Psychosocial distress ; Supportive care
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-01-15
Publisher	S. Karger GmbH
Publishing place	Freiburg, Germany
Document type	Article
Note	Original Article
ZDB-ID	2202236-3
ISSN	1661-3805 ; 1661-3791
ISSN (online)	1661-3805
ISSN	1661-3791
DOI	10.1159/000370207
Database	Karger publisher's database

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Article ; Online: Allopurinol is an independent determinant of improved arterial stiffness in chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study.

Ng, Khai P / Stringer, Stephanie J / Jesky, Mark D / Yadav, Punit / Athwal, Rajbir / Dutton, Mary / Ferro, Charles J / Cockwell, Paul

PloS one

2014 Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) e91961

Abstract: Background: Arterial stiffness is increased in patients with CKD and is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Use of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol has been shown to improve endothelial function, reduce left ... ...

Abstract	Background: Arterial stiffness is increased in patients with CKD and is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Use of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol has been shown to improve endothelial function, reduce left ventricular hypertrophy and possibly improve cardiovascular outcome. We explored the relationship between use of allopurinol and arterial stiffness in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: Cross-sectional observational study of 422 patients with CKD with evidence of, or at high risk of, renal disease progression. Arterial stiffness was determined by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Results: The mean age was 63 ± 16 years, median estimated glomerular filtration rate was 25 (interquartile range: 19-31) ml/min/1.73 m(2) and mean PWV was 10.2 ± 2.4 m/s. Seventy-seven patients (18%) were receiving regular allopurinol, 61% at a dose of 100 mg/day (range: 50-400 mg/day). Patients receiving allopurinol had significantly lower peripheral pulse pressure, central pulse pressure, central systolic blood pressure, serum uric acid level tissue advanced glycation end product levels but comparable high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels. Use of allopurinol was associated with lower PWV. After adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, tissue advanced glycation end product level, peripheral pulse pressure, smoking pack years, presence of diabetes mellitus and use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blocker, the use of allopurinol remained a significant independent determinant of PWV (mean difference: -0.63 m/s; 95% CI, -0.09 to -1.17 m/s, p = 0.02). Conclusion: In patients with CKD, use of allopurinol is independently associated with lower arterial stiffness. This study provides further justification for a large definitive randomised controlled trial examining the therapeutic potential of allopurinol to reduce cardiovascular risk in people with CKD.
MeSH term(s)	Allopurinol/pharmacology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology ; Vascular Stiffness/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Allopurinol (63CZ7GJN5I)
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-03-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0091961
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