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  1. Article ; Online: Association between clinical characteristics, acute steroid treatment and oligoclonal bands result in multiple sclerosis: A retrospective study.

    Tolkovsky, Assaf / Pardo, Keshet / Hellmann, Mark / Lotan, Itay / Auriel, Eitan / Wilf-Yarkoni, Adi

    Multiple sclerosis and related disorders

    2024  Volume 85, Page(s) 105554

    Abstract: Background: Detection of oligoclonal bands (OCBs) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is important for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Previous studies reported that treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) before lumber puncture (LP) ... ...

    Abstract Background: Detection of oligoclonal bands (OCBs) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is important for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Previous studies reported that treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) before lumber puncture (LP) could suppress OCBs production. The aim of this study was to assess whether IVMP initiation prior to CSF collection affects OCBs results in patients with an acute demyelinating event. Additionally, we examined which clinical characteristics are associated with the presence of OCBs in the CSF.
    Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients admitted to the neurology department at rabin medical center (RMC) between 2010 and 2022 who underwent LP with OCBs analysis as part of their demyelinating attack workup. Patients were divided into OCB-positive and OCB-negative groups and demographical and clinical characteristics (including timing and duration of acute steroid treatment and history of prior demyelinating attacks) were analyzed for association with OCBs results.
    Results: A total of 342 patients were included with a median age of 35 years (IQR, 27-46). Two hundred thirty-eight (69.6 %) were OCB-positive. Initiation of IVMP before LP was not associated with negative OCBs (11.8 % Vs. 13.5 %, P = 0.721), nor was it correlated with OCBs positivity (OR=0.86, P = 0.66). CSF cell count was higher in OCB-positive patients (5 Vs. 3, P = 0.001), and a history of prior demyelinating attacks was associated with- (33.6 % Vs. 20.2 %, P = 0.014) and predictive of OCBs positivity (OR=2, P = 0.013).
    Conclusions: Timing of steroids was not associated with OCB positivity. However, pleocytosis and a prior attack were associated with OCB positivity in this cohort. Our results suggest that steroid treatment is unlikely to affect OCBs results. Ideally, larger prospective studies would be needed to confirm our observations.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Oligoclonal Bands/cerebrospinal fluid ; Adult ; Female ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy ; Multiple Sclerosis/cerebrospinal fluid ; Middle Aged ; Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage ; Spinal Puncture
    Chemical Substances Oligoclonal Bands ; Methylprednisolone (X4W7ZR7023)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-16
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2645330-7
    ISSN 2211-0356 ; 2211-0348
    ISSN (online) 2211-0356
    ISSN 2211-0348
    DOI 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105554
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  2. Article: The Association between Low Levels of Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Cause for Concern?

    Gurevitz, Chen / Auriel, Eitan / Elis, Avishay / Kornowski, Ran

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 3

    Abstract: Excessive levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood are a known risk factor for atherosclerosis, and a common target of treatment for primary and secondary prevention of cerebrocardiovascular disease. As lipid lowering agents ... ...

    Abstract Excessive levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood are a known risk factor for atherosclerosis, and a common target of treatment for primary and secondary prevention of cerebrocardiovascular disease. As lipid lowering agents including statins, ezetimibe and anti-proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors have shown good therapeutic results, the guidelines are constantly lowering the "optimal" LDL-C goals. However, old and new data point towards an association between low LDL-C and total cholesterol and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In this review we aimed to shed light on this troubling association and identify the potential risk factors of such a potential adverse reaction. With respect to the data presented, we concluded that in patients with high risk of ICH, a cautious approach and individualized therapy strategy are advised when considering aggressive LDL reduction.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm11030536
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  3. Article ; Online: Intracranial stenting for large vessel intracranial atherosclerotic disease: Retrospective study.

    Naftali, Jonathan / Findler, Michael / Perlow, Alain / Barnea, Rani / Brauner, Ran / Auriel, Eitan / Raphaeli, Guy

    Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences

    2023  , Page(s) 15910199231190685

    Abstract: Background: Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is a common cause for stroke and can be defined as symptomatic (stroke) or asymptomatic. Current guidelines recommend against intracranial stenting (ICS) for patients with ICAD; treatment of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is a common cause for stroke and can be defined as symptomatic (stroke) or asymptomatic. Current guidelines recommend against intracranial stenting (ICS) for patients with ICAD; treatment of patients who failed the best medical therapy is still debatable.
    Methods: We introduce a preliminary retrospective analysis of our tertiary stroke center during 2018-2022 of patients that were treated with ICS either in acute phase or elective (eICS). Study endpoints were stroke, functional outcome (modified Rankin Score [mRS] at 3 months), and serious adverse events.
    Results: Thirty-three stents were implanted, 21 in acute group and 12 in the eICS group. Most patients (75%) were treated with a new generation self-expandible stent. One patient had peri-procedural stroke and four patients had transient ischemic event or stroke during follow-up. There were eight cases of death (all acute group patients, seven of which occurred in the posterior circulation). Fifteen patients (62%) had favorable clinical outcomes (mRS 0-2 for pre-stroke), of which 10/10 (100%) in the eICS, the other two eICS patients had pre-morbid mRS 3 with no clinical change.
    Conclusions: The evolution of new devices for ICS and the accumulating interventional experience might open a new era. As no other effective alternative treatment options exist for preventing recurrent stroke, stenting is still common practice in many tertiary centers either urgently or as elective procedure for refractory cases.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1354913-3
    ISSN 2385-2011 ; 1591-0199 ; 1123-9344
    ISSN (online) 2385-2011
    ISSN 1591-0199 ; 1123-9344
    DOI 10.1177/15910199231190685
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Effect of time delay in inter-hospital transfer on outcomes of endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

    Pardo, Keshet / Naftali, Jonathan / Barnea, Rani / Findler, Michael / Perlow, Alain / Brauner, Ran / Auriel, Eitan / Raphaeli, Guy

    Frontiers in neurology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1303061

    Abstract: Background: Endovascular treatment (EVT) with mechanical thrombectomy is the standard of care for large vessel occlusion (LVO) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The most common approach today is to perform EVT in a comprehensive stroke center (CSC) and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Endovascular treatment (EVT) with mechanical thrombectomy is the standard of care for large vessel occlusion (LVO) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The most common approach today is to perform EVT in a comprehensive stroke center (CSC) and transfer relevant patients for EVT from a primary stroke center (PSC). Rapid and efficient treatment of LVO is a key factor in achieving a good clinical outcome.
    Methods: We present our retrospective cohort of patients who underwent EVT between 2018 and 2021, including direct admissions and patients transferred from PSC. Primary endpoints were time intervals (door-to-puncture, onset-to-puncture, door-to-door) and favorable outcome (mRS ≤ 2) at 90 days. Secondary outcomes were successful recanalization, mortality rate, and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). Additional analysis was performed for transferred patients not treated with EVT; endpoints were time intervals, favorable outcomes, and reason for exclusion of EVT.
    Results: Among a total of 405 patients, 272 were admitted directly to our EVT center and 133 were transferred; there was no significant difference between groups in the occluded vascular territory, baseline NIHSS, wake-up strokes, or thrombolysis rate. Directly admitted patients had a shorter door-to-puncture time than transferred patients (190 min vs. 293 min,
    Conclusion: Our results show that transferring patients to the EVT center does not affect clinical outcomes, despite the expected delay in EVT. Reassessment of patients upon arrival at the CSC is crucial, and patient selection should be done based on both time and tissue window.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564214-5
    ISSN 1664-2295
    ISSN 1664-2295
    DOI 10.3389/fneur.2023.1303061
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Association Between Guillain-Barré Syndrome and COVID-19 Infection and Vaccination: A Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study.

    Bishara, Haya / Arbel, Anat / Barnett-Griness, Ofra / Bloch, Sivan / Cohen, Shai / Najjar-Debbiny, Ronza / Gronich, Naomi / Auriel, Eitan / Saliba, Walid

    Neurology

    2023  Volume 101, Issue 20, Page(s) e2035–e2042

    Abstract: Background and objectives: Existing data regarding occurrence of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and vaccination are inconclusive. We aimed to assess the association between GBS and both severe acute ... ...

    Abstract Background and objectives: Existing data regarding occurrence of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and vaccination are inconclusive. We aimed to assess the association between GBS and both severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and COVID-19 vaccine.
    Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study in a cohort of 3,193,951 patients aged 16 years or older, without a diagnosis of prior GBS, from the largest health care provider in Israel. Participants were followed from January 1, 2021, until June 30, 2022, for the occurrence of GBS. Ten randomly selected controls were matched to each case of GBS on age and sex. We assessed both SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccine administration in the prior 6 weeks in cases and controls.
    Results: Overall, 76 patients were diagnosed with GBS during follow-up and were matched to 760 controls. A positive test for SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 9 (11.8%) cases and 18 (2.4%) controls. An administration of COVID-19 vaccine was detected in 8 (10.5%) cases (all Pfizer-BioNTech [BNT162b2] vaccine) and 136 (17.9%) controls (134 Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine). Multivariable conditional logistic regression models showed that the odds ratio for GBS associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccine administration was 6.30 (95% CI 2.55-15.56) and 0.41 (95% CI 0.17-0.96), respectively. The results were similar when exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccine administration was ascertained in the prior 4 and 8 weeks, although did not reach statistical significance for COVID-19 vaccine at 4 weeks.
    Discussion: Our study suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with increased risk of GBS, whereas Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine is associated with decreased risk of GBS.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects ; BNT162 Vaccine ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Case-Control Studies ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/epidemiology ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/etiology ; Vaccination/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; BNT162 Vaccine
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207147-2
    ISSN 1526-632X ; 0028-3878
    ISSN (online) 1526-632X
    ISSN 0028-3878
    DOI 10.1212/WNL.0000000000207900
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Clinical score for early diagnosis and treatment of stroke-like episodes in MELAS syndrome.

    Naftali, Jonathan / Mermelstein, Maor / Landau, Yuval E / Barnea, Rani / Shelly, Shahar / Auriel, Eitan / Peretz, Shlomi

    Acta neurologica Belgica

    2023  Volume 123, Issue 3, Page(s) 1019–1028

    Abstract: Background and objectives: Stroke-like episodes (SLEs) in patients with MELAS syndrome are often initially misdiagnosed as acute ischemic stroke (AIS), resulting in treatment delay. We aimed to determine clinical features that may distinguish SLEs from ... ...

    Abstract Background and objectives: Stroke-like episodes (SLEs) in patients with MELAS syndrome are often initially misdiagnosed as acute ischemic stroke (AIS), resulting in treatment delay. We aimed to determine clinical features that may distinguish SLEs from AISs and explore the benefit of early L-arginine treatment on patient outcomes.
    Methods: We looked retrospectively for MELAS patients admitted between January 2005 and January 2022 and compared them to an AIS cohort with similar lesion topography. MELAS patients who received L-arginine within 40 days of their first SLE were defined as the early treatment group and the remaining as late or no treatment group.
    Results: Twenty-three SLEs in 10 MELAS patients and 21 AISs were included. SLE patients had significantly different features: they were younger, more commonly reported hearing loss, lower body mass index, had more commonly a combination of headache and/or seizures at presentation, serum lactate was higher, and hemiparesis was less common. An SLE Early Clinical Score (SLEECS) was constructed by designating one point to each above features. SLEECS ≥ 4 had 80% sensitivity and 100% specificity for SLE diagnosis. Compared to late or no treatment, early treatment group patients (n = 5) had less recurrent SLEs (total 2 vs. 11), less seizures (14% vs. 25%, p = 0.048), lower degree of disability at first and last follow-up (modified ranking scale, mRS 2 ± 0.7 vs. 4.2 ± 1, p = 0.005; 2 ± 0.7 vs. 5.8 ± 0.5, p < 0.001, respectively), and a lower mortality (0% vs. 80% p = 0.048).
    Conclusions: The SLEECS model may aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of SLEs and lead to improved clinical outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Arginine ; Early Diagnosis ; Ischemic Stroke/drug therapy ; MELAS Syndrome/complications ; MELAS Syndrome/diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures/drug therapy ; Stroke/diagnosis ; Stroke/etiology ; Stroke/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Arginine (94ZLA3W45F)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-15
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 127315-2
    ISSN 2240-2993 ; 0300-9009
    ISSN (online) 2240-2993
    ISSN 0300-9009
    DOI 10.1007/s13760-023-02196-z
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  7. Article ; Online: COVID-19 vaccination and myasthenia gravis.

    Arbel, Anat / Bishara, Haya / Barnett-Griness, Ofra / Cohen, Shai / Najjar-Debbiny, Ronza / Gronich, Naomi / Auriel, Eitan / Saliba, Walid

    European journal of neurology

    2023  Volume 30, Issue 12, Page(s) 3989–3990

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects ; Myasthenia Gravis ; Receptors, Cholinergic ; Vaccination/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Receptors, Cholinergic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1280785-0
    ISSN 1468-1331 ; 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    ISSN (online) 1468-1331
    ISSN 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    DOI 10.1111/ene.16087
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Association between COVID-19 vaccination and myasthenia gravis: A population-based, nested case-control study.

    Arbel, Anat / Bishara, Haya / Barnett-Griness, Ofra / Cohen, Shai / Najjar-Debbiny, Ronza / Gronich, Naomi / Auriel, Eitan / Saliba, Walid

    European journal of neurology

    2023  Volume 30, Issue 12, Page(s) 3868–3876

    Abstract: Background: Existing data regarding the link between COVID-19 vaccine and myasthenia gravis (MG) are scarce. We aimed to assess the association between Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine with both new-onset MG and MG exacerbation.: Methods: For the first aim, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Existing data regarding the link between COVID-19 vaccine and myasthenia gravis (MG) are scarce. We aimed to assess the association between Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine with both new-onset MG and MG exacerbation.
    Methods: For the first aim, we conducted a nested case-control study in a cohort of 3,052,467 adults, without a diagnosis of MG, from the largest healthcare provider in Israel. Subjects were followed from January 1, 2021 until June 30, 2022 for the occurrence of MG. Ten randomly selected controls were matched to each case of new-onset MG on age and sex. For the second aim, a nested case-control study was conducted in a cohort of 1446 MG patients. Four randomly selected MG patients (controls) were matched to each case of MG exacerbation. Exposure to COVID-19 vaccine in the prior 4 weeks was assessed in cases and controls.
    Results: Overall, 332 patients had new-onset MG and were matched with 3320 controls. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models showed that the odds ratio (OR) for new-onset MG, associated with COVID-19 vaccine, was 1.14 (95% CI 0.73-1.78). The results were consistent in sensitivity analysis that used more stringent criteria to define MG. Overall, 62 patients with MG exacerbation were matched to 248 MG controls. The multivariable OR for MG exacerbation, associated with COVID-19 vaccine, was 1.35 (95% CI 0.37-4.89). All results were similar when the prior exposure to COVID-19 vaccine was extended to 8 weeks.
    Conclusion: This study suggests that Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine is not associated with increased risk of new-onset nor exacerbation of MG.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects ; Case-Control Studies ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Vaccination/adverse effects ; Myasthenia Gravis/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1280785-0
    ISSN 1468-1331 ; 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    ISSN (online) 1468-1331
    ISSN 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    DOI 10.1111/ene.16025
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  9. Article ; Online: Author response: Association of statin use with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: A cohort study.

    Saliba, Walid / Molad, Jeremy / Auriel, Eitan

    Neurology

    2019  Volume 92, Issue 17, Page(s) 823

    MeSH term(s) Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
    Chemical Substances Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 207147-2
    ISSN 1526-632X ; 0028-3878
    ISSN (online) 1526-632X
    ISSN 0028-3878
    DOI 10.1212/WNL.0000000000007363
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  10. Article ; Online: Complex left appendage morphology is associated with Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source.

    Nardi Agmon, Inbar / Barnea, Rani / Levi, Amos / Murad, Omar / Shafir, Gideon / Naftali, Jonathan / Schellekes, Nadav / Shiyovich, Arthur / Kornowski, Ran / Auriel, Eitan / Hamdan, Ashraf

    European stroke journal

    2024  , Page(s) 23969873241246592

    Abstract: Introduction: Variations in the left atrial appendage (LAA) morphology are associated with different embolic risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Data are scarce regarding the association between LAA morphology and Embolic stroke of ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Variations in the left atrial appendage (LAA) morphology are associated with different embolic risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Data are scarce regarding the association between LAA morphology and Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS).
    Patients and methods: Using cardiac computed tomography (CCT) scans, LAA morphology was categorized as either chicken wing (CW), cactus, windsock, or cauliflower. Furthermore, we examined the presence of large secondary lobes arising from the main lobe, considering their existence as indicative of a complex LAA morphology. LAA morphologies were compared between ESUS (
    Results: ESUS patients had a significantly higher prevalence of cauliflower morphology compared to AF group (52% vs 34%, respectively,
    Conclusion: ESUS patients have a high prevalence of complex LAA morphology, which might be associated with an increased risk for thrombus formation even in the absence of AF.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2851287-X
    ISSN 2396-9881 ; 2396-9873
    ISSN (online) 2396-9881
    ISSN 2396-9873
    DOI 10.1177/23969873241246592
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