LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 22

Search options

Book ; Online: UAV approaches for improved mapping of vegetation cover and estimation of carbon storage of small saltmarshes

Hiles, William / Miller, Lucy C. / Smeaton, Craig / Austin, William E. N.

eISSN: 1726-4189

examples from Loch Fleet, northeast Scotland

2024

Abstract: Saltmarsh environments are recognised as key components of many biophysical and biochemical processes at the local and global scale. Accurately mapping these environments, and understanding how they are changing over time, is crucial for better ... ...

Abstract	Saltmarsh environments are recognised as key components of many biophysical and biochemical processes at the local and global scale. Accurately mapping these environments, and understanding how they are changing over time, is crucial for better understanding these systems. However, traditional surveying techniques are time-consuming and are inadequate for understanding how these dynamic systems may be changing temporally and spatially. The development of uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) technology presents an opportunity for efficiently mapping saltmarsh extent. Here we develop a methodology which combines field vegetation surveys with multispectral UAV data collected at two scales to estimate saltmarsh area and organic carbon storage at three saltmarshes in Loch Fleet (Scotland). We find that the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values for surveyed saltmarsh vegetation communities, in combination with local tidal data, can be used to reliably estimate saltmarsh area. Using these area estimates, together with known plant community and soil organic carbon relationships, saltmarsh soil organic carbon storage is modelled. Based on our most reliable UAV-derived saltmarsh area estimates, we find that organic carbon storage is 15 %–20 % lower than previous area estimates would indicate. The methodology presented here potentially provides a cheap, affordable, and rapid method for saltmarsh mapping which could be implemented more widely to test and refine existing estimates of saltmarsh extent and is particularly well-suited to the mapping of small areas of saltmarsh environments.
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-20
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Full text online

Full text

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article: Best practice for upscaling soil organic carbon stocks in salt marshes

Ladd, Cai J.T. / Smeaton, Craig / Skov, Martin W. / Austin, William E.N.

Geoderma. 2022 Sept. 20,

2022

Abstract: Calculating the amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) stored in coastal environments, including salt marshes, is needed to determine their role in mitigating the Climate Crisis. Several techniques exist to calculate the SOC content of a unit of land from ... ...

Abstract	Calculating the amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) stored in coastal environments, including salt marshes, is needed to determine their role in mitigating the Climate Crisis. Several techniques exist to calculate the SOC content of a unit of land from the upscaling of soil cores. However, no comprehensive assessment has been made on the performance of commonly used SOC upscaling techniques until now. We measured the SOC content of soil cores gathered from two Scottish salt marshes. Two SOC values were used for upscaling; SOC content for a 1 m standardised depth (as recommended by the IPCC), and SOC content of the modern marsh deposit (identified in the stratigraphy as a transition from organic-rich (marsh) to mineral-rich (intertidal flat) soil. Twenty-two upscaling techniques were used (SOC content × area, interpolative, and regression-based extrapolative calculations). Leave-one-out cross-validation procedures and prediction interval widths were used to assess the accuracy of each technique. Digital Terrain Models and Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices were used as covariate surfaces in the regression models. We found that marsh-scale SOC stocks varied by as much as fifty-two times depending on which sampling depth and upscaling technique was used. The largest differences emerged when comparing SOC stocks upscaled from 1 m deep and modern marsh deposits. Using the IPCC recommended 1 m sampling depth inflated the SOC stocks of salt marshes, as intertidal flat environments were included in the calculation. Ensemble regression models from the weighted average of seven machine learning algorithm outputs produced the highest upscaling accuracies across marshes and sampling depths. Simple SOC content × area calculations produced marsh-scale SOC stocks that were comparable to stock values produced by more advanced ensemble regression models. However, regression models produced detailed maps of SOC distribution across a marsh, and the associated uncertainty in the SOC values. Our findings are broadly applicable for other environments where large-scale SOC stock assessments and uncertainty are needed.
Keywords	algorithms ; climate ; landscapes ; littoral zone ; marshes ; prediction ; soil ; soil organic carbon ; stratigraphy ; uncertainty
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0920
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	281080-3
ISSN	1872-6259 ; 0016-7061
ISSN (online)	1872-6259
ISSN	0016-7061
DOI	10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116188
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

Full text online

Accessible to users with ZB MED library card

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Z 2363: Show issues

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾

Article ; Online: Organic carbon accumulation in British saltmarshes.

Smeaton, Craig / Garrett, Ed / Koot, Martha B / Ladd, Cai J T / Miller, Lucy C / McMahon, Lucy / Foster, Bradley / Barlow, Natasha L M / Blake, William / Gehrels, W Roland / Skov, Martin W / Austin, William E N

The Science of the total environment

2024 Volume 926, Page(s) 172104

Abstract: Saltmarshes are a crucial component of the coastal carbon (C) system and provide a natural climate regulation service through the accumulation and long-term storage of organic carbon (OC) in their soils. These coastal ecosystems are under growing ... ...

Abstract	Saltmarshes are a crucial component of the coastal carbon (C) system and provide a natural climate regulation service through the accumulation and long-term storage of organic carbon (OC) in their soils. These coastal ecosystems are under growing pressure from a changing climate and increasing anthropogenic disturbance. To manage and protect these ecosystems for C and to allow their inclusion in emissions and natural-capital accounting, as well as carbon markets, accurate and reliable estimates of OC accumulation are required. However, globally, such data are rare or of varying quality. Here, we quantify sedimentation rates and OC densities for 21 saltmarshes in Great Britain (GB). We estimate that, on average, saltmarshes accumulate OC at a rate of 110.88 ± 43.12 g C m
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172104
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Full text online

Accessible to users with ZB MED library card

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 949: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾

Article ; Online: Coring and compaction

Smeaton, Craig / Barlow, Natasha L.M. / Austin, William E.N.

best practice in blue carbon stock and burial estimations

2020

Abstract: A comparison of gouge and hammer coring techniques in intertidal wetland soils highlights a significant effect of soil compaction of up to 28% associated with the widely applied hammer coring method employed in Blue Carbon research. Hammer coring reduces ...

Abstract	A comparison of gouge and hammer coring techniques in intertidal wetland soils highlights a significant effect of soil compaction of up to 28% associated with the widely applied hammer coring method employed in Blue Carbon research. Hammer coring reduces the thickness of the soil profile and increases the dry bulk density, which results in an overestimation of the soil OC stock of up to 22%. In saltmarshes with multiple different soil units, we show that hammer coring is unsuitable for the calculation of OC stocks and should be avoided in favour of Russian or gouge cores. Compaction changes both soil dry bulk density and porosity and we show that resultant radiometric chronologies are compromised, almost doubling mass accumulation rates. While we show that the OC (%) content of these sediments is largely unchanged by coring method, the implication for OC burial rates are profound because of the significant effect of hammer coring on the calculation of soil mass accumlation rates.
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾

Article: Coring and compaction: Best practice in blue carbon stock and burial estimations

Smeaton, Craig / Austin, William E.N / Barlow, Natasha L.M

Geoderma. 2020 Apr. 01, v. 364

2020

Abstract	A comparison of gouge and hammer coring techniques in intertidal wetland soils highlights a significant effect of soil compaction of up to 28% associated with the widely applied hammer coring method employed in Blue Carbon research. Hammer coring reduces the thickness of the soil profile and increases the dry bulk density, which results in an overestimation of the soil OC stock of up to 22%. In saltmarshes with multiple different soil units, we show that hammer coring is unsuitable for the calculation of OC stocks and should be avoided in favour of Russian or gouge cores. Compaction changes both soil dry bulk density and porosity and we show that resultant radiometric chronologies are compromised, almost doubling mass accumulation rates. While we show that the OC (%) content of these sediments is largely unchanged by coring method, the implication for OC burial rates are profound because of the significant effect of hammer coring on the calculation of soil mass accumlation rates.
Keywords	blue carbon ; bulk density ; carbon sinks ; littoral zone ; porosity ; radiometry ; salt marshes ; sediments ; soil compaction ; soil profiles ; wetland soils
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0401
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	281080-3
ISSN	1872-6259 ; 0016-7061
ISSN (online)	1872-6259
ISSN	0016-7061
DOI	10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114180
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

Full text online

Accessible to users with ZB MED library card

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Z 2363: Show issues

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾

Book ; Conference proceedings: Biogeochemical controls on palaeoceanographic environmental proxies

Austin, William E. N

(Geological Society special publication ; 303)

2008

Event/congress	Geological Society of London Meeting on Biogeochemical Controls on Palaeoceanographic Proxies (2005.10.03-04, London)
Author's details	ed. by W.E.N. Austin
Series title	Geological Society special publication ; 303
Keywords	Biogeochemical cycles ; Biomineralization ; Paleoceanography
Language	English
Size	192 S., Ill., graph. Darst.
Publisher	Geological Soc
Publishing place	London
Document type	Book ; Conference proceedings
ISBN	9781862392571 ; 1862392579
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Impacts of ocean acidification on intertidal benthic foraminiferal growth and calcification.

Guamán-Guevara, Fabricio / Austin, Heather / Hicks, Natalie / Streeter, Richard / Austin, William E N

PloS one

2019 Volume 14, Issue 8, Page(s) e0220046

Abstract: Foraminifera are expected to be particularly susceptible to future changes in ocean carbonate chemistry as a function of increased atmospheric CO2. Studies in an experimental recirculating seawater system were performed with a dominant benthic ... ...

Abstract	Foraminifera are expected to be particularly susceptible to future changes in ocean carbonate chemistry as a function of increased atmospheric CO2. Studies in an experimental recirculating seawater system were performed with a dominant benthic foraminiferal species collected from intertidal mudflats. We investigated the experimental impacts of ocean acidification on survival, growth/calcification, morphology and the biometric features of a calcareous species Elphidium williamsoni. Foraminifera were exposed for 6 weeks to four different pH treatments that replicated future scenarios of a high CO2 atmosphere resulting in lower seawater pH. Results revealed that declining seawater pH caused a decline in foraminiferal survival rate and growth/calcification (mainly through test weight reduction). Scanning electron microscopy image analysis of live specimens at the end of the experimental period show changes in foraminiferal morphology with clear signs of corrosion and cracking on the test surface, septal bridges, sutures and feeding structures of specimens exposed to the lowest pH conditions. These findings suggest that the morphological changes observed in shell feeding structures may serve to alter: (1) foraminiferal feeding efficiency and their long-term ecological competitiveness, (2) the energy transferred within the benthic food web with a subsequent shift in benthic community structures and (3) carbon cycling and total CaCO3 production, both highly significant processes in coastal waters. These experimental results open-up the possibility of modelling future impacts of ocean acidification on both calcification and dissolution in benthic foraminifera within mid-latitude intertidal environments, with potential implications for understanding the changing marine carbon cycle.
MeSH term(s)	Calcification, Physiologic/drug effects ; Carbonates/analysis ; Carbonates/pharmacology ; Foraminifera/drug effects ; Foraminifera/growth & development ; Foraminifera/physiology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Seawater/chemistry ; Survival Analysis ; Time Factors
Chemical Substances	Carbonates
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0220046
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Book ; Conference proceedings: Quaternary shelf sea palaeoceanography

Austin, William E. N

recent developments in Europe ; a collection of papers arising from the Geoscience 2000 meeting, organized by the Geological Society of London at the University of Manchester, 17 - 20 April 2000

(Marine geology : Special issue ; 191.2002,3/4)

2002

Institution	Geological Society
Event/congress	Geoscience 2000 (2000.04.17-20, Manchester)
Author's details	ed. by William E. N. Austin
Series title	Marine geology : Special issue ; 191.2002,3/4
Language	English
Size	S. 88-188, graph. Darst., Kt
Publisher	Elsevier
Publishing place	Amsterdam u.a.
Document type	Book ; Conference proceedings
Note	Literaturangaben
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾

Article: Fjords as Aquatic Critical Zones (ACZs)

Bianchi, Thomas S / Arndt, Sandra / Austin, William E.N / Benn, Douglas I / Bertrand, Sebastien / Cui, Xingqian / Faust, Johan C / Koziorowska-Makuch, Katarzyna / Moy, Christopher M / Savage, Candida / Smeaton, Craig / Smith, Richard W / Syvitski, Jaia

Earth-science reviews. 2020 Apr., v. 203

2020

Abstract: In recent decades, the land-ocean aquatic continuum, commonly defined as the interface, or transition zone, between terrestrial ecosystems and the open ocean, has undergone dramatic changes. On-going work has stressed the importance of treating Aquatic ... ...

Abstract	In recent decades, the land-ocean aquatic continuum, commonly defined as the interface, or transition zone, between terrestrial ecosystems and the open ocean, has undergone dramatic changes. On-going work has stressed the importance of treating Aquatic Critical Zones (ACZs) as a sensitive system needing intensive investigation. Here, we discuss fjords as an ACZ in the context of sedimentological, geochemical, and climatic impacts. These diverse physical features of fjords are key in controlling the sources, transport, and burial of organic matter in the modern era and over the Holocene. High sediment accumulation rates in fjord sediments allow for high-resolution records of past climate and environmental change where multiple proxies can be applied to fjord sediments that focus on either marine or terrestrial-derived components.Humans through land-use change and climatic stressors are having an impact on the larger carbon stores in fjords. Sediment delivery whether from accelerating erosion (e.g. mining, deforestation, road building, agriculture) or from sequestration of fluvial sediment behind dams has been seriously altered in the Anthropocene. Climate change affecting rainfall and river discharge into fjords will impact the thickness and extent of the low-salinity layer in the upper reaches of the fjord, slowing the rate of the overturning circulation and deep-water renewal – thereby impacting bottom water oxygen concentrations.
Keywords	Anthropocene epoch ; Holocene epoch ; carbon sinks ; climate ; climate change ; deforestation ; land use change ; mining ; organic matter ; oxygen ; rain ; river flow ; sediments ; terrestrial ecosystems
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-04
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1792-9
ISSN	0012-8252
ISSN	0012-8252
DOI	10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103145
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

Full text online

Accessible to users with ZB MED library card

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Z 69/92: Show issues

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾

Article ; Online: The impact of ocean acidification on the functional morphology of foraminifera.

Khanna, Nikki / Godbold, Jasmin A / Austin, William E N / Paterson, David M

PloS one

2013 Volume 8, Issue 12, Page(s) e83118

Abstract: Culturing experiments were performed on sediment samples from the Ythan Estuary, N. E. Scotland, to assess the impacts of ocean acidification on test surface ornamentation in the benthic foraminifer Haynesina germanica. Specimens were cultured for 36 ... ...

Abstract	Culturing experiments were performed on sediment samples from the Ythan Estuary, N. E. Scotland, to assess the impacts of ocean acidification on test surface ornamentation in the benthic foraminifer Haynesina germanica. Specimens were cultured for 36 weeks at either 380, 750 or 1000 ppm atmospheric CO2. Analysis of the test surface using SEM imaging reveals sensitivity of functionally important ornamentation associated with feeding to changing seawater CO2 levels. Specimens incubated at high CO2 levels displayed evidence of shell dissolution, a significant reduction and deformation of ornamentation. It is clear that these calcifying organisms are likely to be vulnerable to ocean acidification. A reduction in functionally important ornamentation could lead to a reduction in feeding efficiency with consequent impacts on this organism's survival and fitness.
MeSH term(s)	Acids/analysis ; Acids/pharmacology ; Animals ; Carbon Dioxide/chemistry ; Carbon Dioxide/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ecosystem ; Foraminifera/cytology ; Foraminifera/drug effects ; Foraminifera/growth & development ; Foraminifera/ultrastructure ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Oceans and Seas ; Seawater/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Acids ; Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-12-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0083118
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

To top

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED