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Article: Substance P-like immunoreactivity in developing cranial parasympathetic neurons of the rat.

Ayer-LeLievre, C / Seiger, A

International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience

2014 Volume 3, Issue 3, Page(s) 267–277

Abstract: Substance P-like immunoreactivity (SPLI) has been observed in cell bodies of fetal cranial parasympathetic ganglia of rat. It first appears at day 16 of gestation at the same time as in cranial sensory ganglia. From day 17 to 21, SPLI neurons constitute ... ...

Abstract	Substance P-like immunoreactivity (SPLI) has been observed in cell bodies of fetal cranial parasympathetic ganglia of rat. It first appears at day 16 of gestation at the same time as in cranial sensory ganglia. From day 17 to 21, SPLI neurons constitute most, if not all, submandibular-sublingual and intralingual ganglia, they form 30-40% of otic and pterygopalatine ganglia and numerous such neurons are found in the myenteric plexus of the esophagus as well as in pharyngeal and buccal walls. The immunoreactive material is thinly granular, and its appearance does not change with prenatal development. The immunoreactivity in cell bodies of parasympathetic ganglia decreases at the end of the gestational period, and cannot be evidenced any more in most cells of normal adult ganglia. However, the corresponding SPLI fibers remain intensely immunoreactive. When grafted to rat irides, which have been chemically depleted of intrinsic SPLI fibers, submandibular, otic and pterygopalatine ganglia from pre- or postnatal rats rapidly produce a large amount of SPLI fibers on the iris mimicking the pattern of sensory innervation. This proves the presence of SPLI neurons in adult parasympathetic ganglia, at least in experimental conditions. This study of fetuses and grafts demonstrates the existence of neurons in SPLI parasympathetic cranial ganglia which has been underestimated or ignored previously as a result of observations on adult ganglia. The very large proportion of SPLI neurons in the ganglia of the salivary gland might be of importance for the interpretation of experimental studies on the control of salivation. The presence of SPLI in all three types of peripheral ganglia, sensory, sympathetic and parasympathetic, raises the question of its functional significance in the different compartments of the peripheral nervous system.
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-05-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605533-3
ISSN	1873-474X ; 0736-5748
ISSN (online)	1873-474X
ISSN	0736-5748
DOI	10.1016/0736-5748(85)90031-0
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Article: Development of substance P-immunoreactive neurons in cranial sensory ganglia of the rat.

Ayer-LeLievre, C S / Seiger, A

International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience

2014 Volume 2, Issue 5, Page(s) 451–463

Abstract: Substance P-like immunoreactivity has been observed in fetal and adult cranial sensory ganglia. It first appears at day 16 of gestation in sensory neurons of trigeminal, superior-jugular, petrous and nodose ganglia, as well as in the autonomic myenteric ... ...

Abstract	Substance P-like immunoreactivity has been observed in fetal and adult cranial sensory ganglia. It first appears at day 16 of gestation in sensory neurons of trigeminal, superior-jugular, petrous and nodose ganglia, as well as in the autonomic myenteric plexus, and at day 17 in cervical dorsal root ganglion cells. Substance P immunoreactivity can be visualized much earlier (day 12) in the central nervous system. The ganglionic immunoreactivity subsequently increases during fetal life but drops at birth. The reactive material is first diffuse, then slowly becomes granular, and is mostly concentrated in coarse perinuclear inclusions in adult sensory neurons. Most substance P-positive neurons in trigeminal and superior-jugular ganglia are small, but medium-sized and large positive neurons are also observed in the trigeminal, petrous and nodose ganglia. Our observations give a precise picture of the development of substance P immunoreactivity in sensory neurons and are in general agreement with previous reports on some fetal and adult rat sensory ganglia. They indicate that in the rat, maturation of peripheral substance P-containing sensory neurons is slower than that of central substance P neurons or equivalent sensory neurons in other species. The examination of fetal material allows the observation of numerous immunoreactive sensory neurons which cannot be visualized after birth. We hypothesize a possible different embryonic origin (neural crest or placodal) for small nociceptive and larger substance P-containing neurons in rat cranial sensory ganglia.
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-05-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605533-3
ISSN	1873-474X ; 0736-5748
ISSN (online)	1873-474X
ISSN	0736-5748
DOI	10.1016/0736-5748(84)90047-9
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Article: Expression of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-II in the avian brain: relationship of in situ hybridization patterns with IGF type 1 receptor expression.

Holzenberger, M / Lapointe, F / Ayer-LeLièvre, C

International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience

2000 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 69–82

Abstract: Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are expressed in defined spatiotemporal patterns during the development of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Since IGF expression in avian species is less well documented, we studied here the expression of IGF- ...

Abstract	Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are expressed in defined spatiotemporal patterns during the development of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Since IGF expression in avian species is less well documented, we studied here the expression of IGF-I and IGF-II during chicken CNS development, using in situ hybridization and reverse transcriptase-PCR, and compared the results with the expression of the IGF type 1 receptor (IGF-1R). IGF-II expression started early in embryonic life, shortly after the onset of IGF-1R expression. During organogenesis, IGF-II was strongly expressed in kidney, liver and gut primordia, in contrast with IGF-1R mRNA, which is highly enriched in proliferating neuroepithelia. During the second half of embryonic development, IGF-I and IGF-II had distinct expression patterns, suggesting specific roles for each ligand during brain maturation. IGF-II mRNA was found in numerous brainstem nuclei and in the optic tectum, whereas IGF-I mRNA was found predominantly in telencephalic regions. Both ligands were expressed in the cerebellum, but each by different cell layers. Some brain regions (olfactory bulb and olivo-cerebellar system) did not exhibit the postnatal downregulation typical of extrahepatic IGF-I expression, but continued to express IGF-I into adulthood. Purkinje cells expressed IGF-II in the embryo, but switched to IGF-I expression in the adult. The conservation of embryonic and postnatal IGF expression patterns in the CNS between avians and mammals suggests that the involvement of the IGF system in neurogenesis and differentiation, and possibly in neural plasticity and learning, may have arisen early during tetrapode/vertebrate evolution.
MeSH term(s)	Age Factors ; Animals ; Antisense Elements (Genetics) ; Brain/embryology ; Brain/growth & development ; Brain Chemistry/genetics ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; In Situ Hybridization ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/genetics ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/genetics ; Neurosecretory Systems/embryology ; Neurosecretory Systems/growth & development ; Paracrine Communication/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/analysis
Chemical Substances	Antisense Elements (Genetics) ; RNA, Messenger ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (67763-96-6) ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II (67763-97-7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2000-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605533-3
ISSN	1873-474X ; 0736-5748
ISSN (online)	1873-474X
ISSN	0736-5748
DOI	10.1016/s0736-5748(99)00076-3
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Article: Le système olfactif périphérique aviaire: modèle d'étude de l'apoptose et de la régénération cellulaire.

Mathonnet, M / Cubertafond, P / Gainant, A / Ayer-Le Lièvre, C

Annales de chirurgie

2001 Volume 126, Issue 9, Page(s) 888–895

Abstract: Unlabelled: A reliable model, usable in vitro and in vivo, is necessary for analysis of processes engaged during cell death, regeneration and differentiation. The peripheral olfactory system is an attractive model for studying these processes through ... ...

Title translation	The avian peripheral olfactory system: model for study of apoptosis and cellular regeneration.
Abstract	Unlabelled: A reliable model, usable in vitro and in vivo, is necessary for analysis of processes engaged during cell death, regeneration and differentiation. The peripheral olfactory system is an attractive model for studying these processes through its dynamic neurogenesis that occurs continually throughout the lifetime. Study aim: The aim of this study was the analysis of these processes on an animal model. Material and methods: We performed axotomy of the nerve olfactory on young animals and chicken embryos E17. Then we infused IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor-I) in the lesioned site. Death, regeneration and differentiation of cells were studied by immunocytology. Results: After hatching, the section of the olfactory nerve induced a rapid neuronal apoptosis at the 24th hour followed by a wave of mitosis 24 hours later. In prenatal stages, the response to the axotomy was rather similar to a dedifferentiation. In postnatal stages, the IGF-I infusion at the lesioned site had a triple function: survival of mature neurons, maintenance of differentiation and stimulation of mitosis. The neoneurogenesis, which occurred from neuronal stem cells would depend on the maturation and environment of the olfactory neurons protected from apoptosis by IGF-I. Conclusion: The avian olfactory epithelium is a good model for analysis of cell death, regeneration and differentiation. The capacity of these neuronal stem cells to dedifferentiate makes then more primitive than the pluripotent cells, closer to totipotent embryonic stem cells.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Physiological Phenomena ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; Epithelial Cells/physiology ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/pharmacology ; Models, Animal ; Nerve Regeneration ; Olfactory Nerve/cytology ; Olfactory Nerve/physiology
Chemical Substances	Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (67763-96-6)
Language	French
Publishing date	2001-12-10
Publishing country	France
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	222253-x
ISSN	0003-3944
ISSN	0003-3944
DOI	10.1016/s0003-3944(01)00619-8
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Zs.A 84/1: Show issues

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Article: Insulin-like growth factor I induced survival of axotomized olfactory neurons in the chick.

Mathonnet, M / Comte, I / Lalloué, F / Ayer-Le Lièvre, C

Neuroscience letters

2001 Volume 308, Issue 2, Page(s) 67–70

Abstract: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptor is expressed in avian olfactory neurons and IGF1 in the bulb. To explore the function of IGF1 in olfactory system in the chick, we infused IGF1 at the lesion site 0 and 12 h after olfactory axotomy. The ... ...

Abstract	Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptor is expressed in avian olfactory neurons and IGF1 in the bulb. To explore the function of IGF1 in olfactory system in the chick, we infused IGF1 at the lesion site 0 and 12 h after olfactory axotomy. The animals were killed 1-3 days later. TdT mediated dUTP nick end labeling method and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation allowed the evaluation of programmed cell death and mitotic activity respectively in the olfactory epithelia of IGF1 treated or untreated lesioned animals and controls. IGF1 treatment suppressed the apoptotic wave, stimulated mitosis which peaked within 24 h (instead of 48 h), to return promptly to normal, and transiently maintained the number of calmodulin related kinase II expressing neurons at normal levels. It reveals a long lasting effect of IGF1 on the survival of lesioned olfactory neurons and transient effects on maintenance of differentiation and mitosis stimulation.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Apoptosis/physiology ; Axotomy ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Differentiation/physiology ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cell Survival/physiology ; Chick Embryo/cytology ; Chick Embryo/growth & development ; Chick Embryo/metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/pharmacology ; Mitosis/drug effects ; Mitosis/physiology ; Nerve Regeneration/drug effects ; Nerve Regeneration/physiology ; Neurons/cytology ; Neurons/drug effects ; Neurons/metabolism ; Olfactory Mucosa/cytology ; Olfactory Mucosa/drug effects ; Olfactory Mucosa/metabolism ; Retrograde Degeneration/drug therapy ; Retrograde Degeneration/metabolism ; Retrograde Degeneration/prevention & control ; Time Factors
Chemical Substances	Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (67763-96-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2001-08-03
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	194929-9
ISSN	1872-7972 ; 0304-3940
ISSN (online)	1872-7972
ISSN	0304-3940
DOI	10.1016/s0304-3940(01)01715-3
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Zs.A 1166: Show issues

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Article: Neural stem cell separation from the embryonic avian olfactory epithelium by sedimentation field-flow fractionation.

Comte, I / Battu, S / Mathonnet, M / Bessette, B / Lalloué, F / Cardot, P / Ayer-Le Lièvre, C

Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences

2006 Volume 843, Issue 2, Page(s) 175–182

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to isolate neural stem cells from a complex tissue: the avian olfactory epithelium; by using sedimentation field flow fractionation (SdFFF). By using "Hyperlayer" elution mode, fraction collection and cell ... ...

Abstract	The aim of the present study was to isolate neural stem cells from a complex tissue: the avian olfactory epithelium; by using sedimentation field flow fractionation (SdFFF). By using "Hyperlayer" elution mode, fraction collection and cell characterization methods, results shows that SdFFF could be a useful cell sorter to isolate an enriched, viable and sterile immature neural cell fraction from which the reconstitution of a complete epithelium was possible. In culture, SdFFF eluted cells first led to a "pseudoplacodal" epithelioid cell type from which derived "floating cells". These cells were then able to generate neurosphere-like structures which were composed of cell having many features of immature cells: undifferentiated, self-renewable and multipotentiality. Such a population might be used as a model to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of olfactory neoneurogenesis.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Separation/methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Fractionation, Field Flow/methods ; Nerve Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Olfactory Mucosa/cytology ; Olfactory Mucosa/embryology ; Receptor, trkA/biosynthesis ; Stem Cells/cytology ; Stem Cells/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Nerve Growth Factor (9061-61-4) ; Receptor, trkA (EC 2.7.10.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-11-07
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1570-0232
ISSN	1570-0232
DOI	10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.05.039
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Article: Avian olfactory receptors: differentiation of olfactory neurons under normal and experimental conditions.

Leibovici, M / Lapointe, F / Aletta, P / Ayer-Le Lievre, C

Developmental biology

1996 Volume 175, Issue 1, Page(s) 118–131

Abstract: The bird olfactory system has a simple structure and affords an attractive developmental model for the study of olfactory morphogenesis and differentiation. We have cloned and characterized several chick olfactory receptor (COR) genes belonging to the ... ...

Abstract	The bird olfactory system has a simple structure and affords an attractive developmental model for the study of olfactory morphogenesis and differentiation. We have cloned and characterized several chick olfactory receptor (COR) genes belonging to the superfamily of seven-transmembrane domain proteins. In situ hybridization analysis of their spatiotemporal patterns of expression during development reveals several important characteristics. COR expression starts early in placodal cells (Embryonic Day 5, E5). Changes in their expression pattern then correlate with the onset of synaptogenesis (E8). The adult pattern, achieved before hatching, shows that cells expressing a particular COR are not regionalized within the epithelium. By double-label in situ hybridization, we clearly demonstrate that a single cell does not coexpress different COR genes (or subsets of CORs) at any stage of development. Following bulbar deafferentation, COR expression ceases more rapidly than expected from previous axotomy experiments. Concomitantly, a reactivation of the Cash-1 gene, which is involved in early neuronal specification, could be an early sign of olfactory neuronal regeneration. Modulation of COR and Cash-1 expression points to a simultaneous process of neuronal degeneration and regeneration in the olfactory epithelium after axotomy. COR expression is restricted to the olfactory epithelium except during early stages (before synaptogenesis). At that time, cells distributed along the olfactory nerve, from the placode to the anterior telencephalon, also express CORs. This cell population is different from the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone neurons migrating from the placode. Our results show that the olfactory neurons or neuroblasts choose to express one COR before establishing functional connections with the bulb. Later on, bulboepithelial connections seem important not only for olfactory neuron survival but also for stimulation of COR expression. In addition, beyond their implication in functional odor detection, CORs could be involved, at early stages, in processes of olfactory morphogenesis, including the establishment of a bulbar chemotopy.
MeSH term(s)	Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Avian Proteins ; Base Sequence ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; Blotting, Southern ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; DNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Genomic Library ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Olfactory Bulb/embryology ; Olfactory Receptor Neurons/embryology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Odorant/biosynthesis ; Receptors, Odorant/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Time Factors ; Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
Chemical Substances	Avian Proteins ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; CASH-1 protein, Gallus gallus ; COR2 protein, chicken ; COR3 protein, chicken ; COR4 protein, chicken ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Membrane Proteins ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptors, Odorant ; Transcription Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	1996-04-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1114-9
ISSN	1095-564X ; 0012-1606
ISSN (online)	1095-564X
ISSN	0012-1606
DOI	10.1006/dbio.1996.0100
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Zs.B 508: Show issues

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Article: Changes in IGF-1 receptors in the hippocampus of adult rats after long-term adrenalectomy: receptor autoradiography and in situ hybridization histochemistry.

Islam, A / Ayer-LeLievre, C / Heigensköld, C / Bogdanovic, N / Winblad, B / Adem, A

Brain research

1998 Volume 797, Issue 2, Page(s) 342–346

Abstract: Alteration of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor and its mRNA after long-term adrenalectomy (ADX) was studied in the hippocampus by in vitro receptor autoradiography and in situ hybridization histochemistry, respectively. Significantly, ... ...

Abstract	Alteration of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor and its mRNA after long-term adrenalectomy (ADX) was studied in the hippocampus by in vitro receptor autoradiography and in situ hybridization histochemistry, respectively. Significantly, decreased levels of IGF-1 receptor and its mRNA was noted in the dentate and CA1-CA4 regions of the hippocampus of the ADX animals, suggesting that the level and expression of IGF-1 receptors in the hippocampus is influenced by adrenal hormones.
MeSH term(s)	Adrenal Cortex Hormones/blood ; Adrenalectomy ; Age Factors ; Animals ; Antisense Elements (Genetics) ; Apoptosis/physiology ; Autoradiography ; Brain Chemistry/physiology ; Hippocampus/chemistry ; Hippocampus/cytology ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; In Situ Hybridization ; Male ; Nerve Degeneration/metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents/analysis ; Neuroprotective Agents/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, IGF Type 1/analysis ; Receptor, IGF Type 1/genetics ; Receptor, IGF Type 1/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Antisense Elements (Genetics) ; Neuroprotective Agents ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptor, IGF Type 1 (EC 2.7.10.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	1998-06-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1200-2
ISSN	1872-6240 ; 0006-8993
ISSN (online)	1872-6240
ISSN	0006-8993
DOI	10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00389-8
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Article: Developmental changes of keratin expression in chick embryo olfactory epithelium in relation to cellular differentiation and neurogenesis in vivo and in vitro.

Comte, Isabelle / Mathonnet, Muriel / Chevalier, Geneviève / Ayer Le-Lievre, Christiane

Brain research. Developmental brain research

2003 Volume 148, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–10

Abstract: Olfactory embryogenesis was studied using an anti-chick keratin antibody on chick embryo sections as well as in vitro. Olfactory placodes form at embryonic day 3 (ED3) in the anterior facial ectoderm and invaginate to form the nasal pits. At ED5, the ... ...

Abstract	Olfactory embryogenesis was studied using an anti-chick keratin antibody on chick embryo sections as well as in vitro. Olfactory placodes form at embryonic day 3 (ED3) in the anterior facial ectoderm and invaginate to form the nasal pits. At ED5, the epidermal ectoderm and respiratory epithelium show the same dense cytokeratin immunoreaction. In contrast, absence of keratin expression in the basal part of olfactory epithelial primordium, in the deeper nasal pit area, coincides with one of the critical first steps of olfactory neurogenesis. However, beginning with periphero-central olfactory synaptogenesis at ED8, a new basal cell population starts to express keratin in the olfactory epithelium. Keratin positive cells appear to correspond, by their epithelial localisation and morphology, to sustentacular and basal cells. This interpretation was confirmed in vitro with ED14 chick primary olfactory cultures where TrKA immunoreactivity was used as a marker of horizontal basal cells (HBCs). After ED15, late keratin expression was detected in forming Bowman's glands. The density of keratin expressing basal cells was measured between ED10 and ED20, and appeared highest in the median part of the olfactory epithelium, the area of most active olfactory neurogenesis and neuronal maturation. Thus, keratin expression corresponds to a specialisation of horizontal basal cells as active neuronal stem cells.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Carrier Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Count ; Cell Differentiation/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Immunohistochemistry/methods ; In Vitro Techniques ; Keratins/metabolism ; Keratins/physiology ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Olfactory Mucosa/cytology ; Olfactory Mucosa/embryology ; Olfactory Mucosa/metabolism ; Olfactory Receptor Neurons/embryology ; Olfactory Receptor Neurons/physiology ; Receptor, trkA
Chemical Substances	Carrier Proteins ; Membrane Proteins ; Keratins (68238-35-7) ; Receptor, trkA (EC 2.7.10.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2003-09-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	8213-2
ISSN	1872-6755 ; 0165-3806
ISSN (online)	1872-6755
ISSN	0165-3806
DOI	10.1016/j.devbrainres.2003.08.011
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Article: Neural crest and thymic myoid cells.

Nakamura, H / Ayer-Le Lièvre, C

Current topics in developmental biology

1986 Volume 20, Page(s) 111–115

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Chick Embryo ; Chimera ; Muscles/cytology ; Neural Crest/cytology ; Neural Crest/transplantation ; Quail ; Rats ; Thymus Gland/cytology ; Transplantation, Heterologous
Language	English
Publishing date	1986
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ISSN	1557-8933 ; 0070-2153
ISSN (online)	1557-8933
ISSN	0070-2153
DOI	10.1016/s0070-2153(08)60658-4
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