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Article: Financial efficiency and CO

Mngumi, Franley / Huang, Li / Xiuli, Geng / Ayub, Bakhtawer

2024 Volume 10, Issue 2, Page(s) e24321

Abstract: When it comes to the environmental costs, environmental economists have tried to study the effects of the foreign direct investment-growth nexus, but they have ignored the crucial role that financial development and technical innovation play. Massive ... ...

Abstract	When it comes to the environmental costs, environmental economists have tried to study the effects of the foreign direct investment-growth nexus, but they have ignored the crucial role that financial development and technical innovation play. Massive increases in energy consumption have contributed to environmental degradation in the BRICS nations, which have experienced rapid IND due to their robust economies. This study uses data from 1990 to 2021 to examine the relationship between carbon emissions in BRICS member nations and factors such as FDI, technological innovation, and economic growth. Within the panel nations, the results confirm a high cross-sectional reliance. The BRICS countries' financial development, technological innovation, and foreign direct investment all have a negative and statistically significant long-run association with CO
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2835763-2
ISSN	2405-8440
ISSN	2405-8440
DOI	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24321
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Article ; Online: The determinants of carbon emissions in Belt and Road Initiative countries: analyzing the interactive role of information and communication technologies.

Ji, Decheng / Sibt-E-Ali, Muhammad / Amin, Azka / Ayub, Bakhtawer

Environmental science and pollution research international

2023 Volume 30, Issue 46, Page(s) 103198–103211

Abstract: Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries have benefited greatly from the intelligent growth of the green economy made possible by the widespread adoption of internet and mobile phone technologies. In addition, renewable energy consumption endorses ... ...

Abstract	Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries have benefited greatly from the intelligent growth of the green economy made possible by the widespread adoption of internet and mobile phone technologies. In addition, renewable energy consumption endorses sustainable development. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to determine if the use of information and communication technology (ICT) and renewable energy consumption has an effect on sustainable development in BRI countries, while using the augmented mean group (AMG) model, AMG robustness test, and panel Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test to get robust results. According to the results of the study, the information and communication technology, renewable consumption, human capital, and urbanization reduces the emission of carbon dioxide emission in BRI countries while economic growth enhances the CO
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-08
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-023-29719-8
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Article ; Online: Analysing the impact of geopolitical risk and economic policy uncertainty on the environmental sustainability: evidence from BRICS countries.

Li, Hua / Ali, Muhammad Sibt E / Ayub, Bakhtawer / Ullah, Irfan

Environmental science and pollution research international

2023

Abstract: This key article seeks to empirically examine the impact of geopolitical risk, economic policy uncertainty (EPU), natural resources, and renewable energy on a country's ecological footprint, a proxy for environmental sustainability on a national scale. ... ...

Abstract	This key article seeks to empirically examine the impact of geopolitical risk, economic policy uncertainty (EPU), natural resources, and renewable energy on a country's ecological footprint, a proxy for environmental sustainability on a national scale. We conducted a quantitative study using the cross-sectional autoregressive distributive lag, augmented mean group, and common correlated effect mean group estimation models, as well as a few tests such as the CD test, Westerlund's co-integration, and CIPS and CADF unit root tests, beginning in January 2000 and ending in January 2021, to determine the data's reliability. The findings indicate that while GPR and renewable energy sources lessen the ecological footprint (EF), EPU and the use of non-renewable energy enhance the EF. The study's scope is narrowed to the BRICS nations, but its implications for expanding existing knowledge and shaping policy are enormous. The results can aid decision-makers in preparing for the possibility of unexpected events causing harm to the economy. The reliability of the evidence can be strengthened by employing more stringent research methods. This study's dimensions reflect the current research paradigm. The research has policy implications for achieving sustainable development goals in emerging economies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-23
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-023-26553-w
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Article ; Online: Economic policy uncertainty and commodity market volatility: implications for economic recovery.

Xiao, Daiyou / Su, Jinxia / Ayub, Bakhtawer

Environmental science and pollution research international

2022 Volume 29, Issue 40, Page(s) 60662–60673

Abstract: As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, most commodities experienced significant price drops, which were expected to continue well into 2020. As a result, the Markov switching model is used to study the influence of policy uncertainty and the ...

Abstract	As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, most commodities experienced significant price drops, which were expected to continue well into 2020. As a result, the Markov switching model is used to study the influence of policy uncertainty and the COVID-19 pandemic on commodity prices in the USA. Commodity markets are stimulated by economic policy uncertainty, according to results from a two-state Markov switching model. In both high and low regimes, economic policy uncertainty (EPU) influences the commodity market, according to the study's findings. However, in the high regime, EPU has a greater influence on the energy and metal sectors. EPU has different influences on commodity markets in high- and low-volatility regimes, according to this study. There is a wide range of correlations between COVID-19 outcomes and EPU and how the prices of natural gas, oil, corn, silver, soybean, copper, gold, and steel respond to these tremors, in both high- and low-volatility tenure. Oil and natural gas, on the other hand, are unaffected by shifts in COVID-19 death rates under either regime. Results show that in both high- and low-volatility regimes, the demand and supply for most commodities are responsive to historical prices.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Humans ; Natural Gas ; Pandemics ; Uncertainty
Chemical Substances	Natural Gas
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-15
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-022-19328-2
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Article ; Online: Does Health Crises Effect Tourism: Role of Financial Inclusion for Green Financial Development.

Gao, Qun / Liu, Yun / Ayub, Bakhtawer / Hussain, Mumtaz

Frontiers in public health

2022 Volume 10, Page(s) 896894

Abstract: Tourism is impacted by all types of crises, no matter how big or small. Even though many studies have examined tourism crises, most focus on the number of tourists arriving and departing. As a result of this lack of information, The adaptive differences ... ...

Abstract	Tourism is impacted by all types of crises, no matter how big or small. Even though many studies have examined tourism crises, most focus on the number of tourists arriving and departing. As a result of this lack of information, The adaptive differences in tourist behavior caused by various crises are not well understood. When it comes to inbound tourism, the financial and health-related crisis can significantly impact the tourist profile of the country and its visitors' spending habits. The findings show that the health crisis has a significant positive impact on tourism. Moreover, COVID_deaths and COVID_confirm_cases decrease the international tourism in developed and developing countries. According to the study's findings, tourists' sensitivity to crises varies between short- and long-haul markets. The evidence shows that financial inclusion has a significant positive impact on various aspects of tourism development in China. Hence, this article offers numerous policy and practical suggestions for sustainable tourism management.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; China ; Humans ; Tourism ; Travel
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2022.896894
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Article ; Online: Quality of reporting of randomised controlled trials of artificial intelligence in healthcare: a systematic review.

Shahzad, Rida / Ayub, Bushra / Siddiqui, M A Rehman

BMJ open

2022 Volume 12, Issue 9, Page(s) e061519

Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of reporting of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare against Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials-AI (CONSORT-AI) guidelines.: Design: ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of reporting of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare against Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials-AI (CONSORT-AI) guidelines. Design: Systematic review. Data sources: We searched PubMed and EMBASE databases for studies reported from January 2015 to December 2021. Eligibility criteria: We included RCTs reported in English that used AI as the intervention. Protocols, conference abstracts, studies on robotics and studies related to medical education were excluded. Data extraction: The included studies were graded using the CONSORT-AI checklist, comprising 43 items, by two independent graders. The results were tabulated and descriptive statistics were reported. Results: We screened 1501 potential abstracts, of which 112 full-text articles were reviewed for eligibility. A total of 42 studies were included. The number of participants ranged from 22 to 2352. Only two items of the CONSORT-AI items were fully reported in all studies. Five items were not applicable in more than 85% of the studies. Nineteen per cent (8/42) of the studies did not report more than 50% (21/43) of the CONSORT-AI checklist items. Conclusions: The quality of reporting of RCTs in AI is suboptimal. As reporting is variable in existing RCTs, caution should be exercised in interpreting the findings of some studies.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Reference Standards ; Artificial Intelligence ; Robotics ; Checklist ; Delivery of Health Care ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061519
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Article ; Online: Renewable energy electricity, environmental taxes, and sustainable development: empirical evidence from E7 economies.

Ameer, Waqar / Ali, Muhammad Sibt E / Farooq, Fatima / Ayub, Bakhtawer / Waqas, Muhammad

Environmental science and pollution research international

2023

Abstract: Since globalization has increased both production and population, it has also increased environmental damage. This is why the development of renewable energy sources is crucial to the survival of humanity and the planet itself. Business patterns across ... ...

Abstract	Since globalization has increased both production and population, it has also increased environmental damage. This is why the development of renewable energy sources is crucial to the survival of humanity and the planet itself. Business patterns across the various nations, however, have changed significantly over time. This study examines how environmental taxes and renewable energy electricity affect renewable energy consumption in emerging seven economies by using panel dataset over the period of 1990 to 2020. Control variables include economic growth, carbon emissions, and environmental innovation. The results confirmed the presence of the long-run co-integration association, the existence of slope coefficient heterogeneity, and the dependency of cross sections using several panel data methods. Since the data was not normally distributed, a new technique known as method of moments quantile regression (MMQR) was applied in this study. The projected results contend that the major factors of renewable energy consumption are renewable energy output, environmental taxation, economic growth, and carbon emissions. However, eco-friendly innovations drastically cut back on the need for renewable energy. Bootstrap quantile regression verifies the results' reliability, and the panel Granger causality test corroborates that the listed factors have a bidirectional causal relationship with renewable energy usage. Furthermore, this research recommends boosting spending on renewable electricity, the environmental tax sector, and ecological innovation in order to expand the use of renewable energy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-21
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-023-26930-5
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Article ; Online: How economic policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk affect environmental pollution: does renewable energy consumption matter?

Jiatong, Wang / Xu, Qi / Sibt-E-Ali, Muhammad / Shahzad, Farrukh / Ayub, Bakhtawer

Environmental science and pollution research international

2023 Volume 30, Issue 45, Page(s) 101858–101872

Abstract: Climate change traps heat, affecting various species in previously dry areas. Climate change brought on by emissions of greenhouse gases exacerbates problems such as severe storms, earthquakes, epidemics, and food distribution. The group of developed and ...

Abstract	Climate change traps heat, affecting various species in previously dry areas. Climate change brought on by emissions of greenhouse gases exacerbates problems such as severe storms, earthquakes, epidemics, and food distribution. The group of developed and developing countries, the world's biggest carbon emitters and most significant economies, is expertly planning to lessen its environmental challenges and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals 7 and 13 set by the United Nations. This study uses the novel econometric methodologies of the dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) estimator, the augmented mean group (AMG) estimator, and the fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) estimate to examine the influence of economic policy uncertainty, renewable energy consumption, geopolitical risk, non-renewable energy consumption, and economic growth on ecological footprint from 2000 to 2021. The results reveal that the variables are co-integrated; REC reduces carbon emissions, EPU, geopolitical risk, and economic growth contribute to increasing carbon emissions, while urbanization improves carbon emission. Finally, the results suggest that the developed and developing economies can progress toward SDGs 7 and 13 by using renewable energy, lowering the geopolitical risk, effectively handling policy uncertainty, and reducing urbanization.
MeSH term(s)	Uncertainty ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; Renewable Energy ; Environmental Pollution ; Economic Development ; Carbon
Chemical Substances	Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J) ; Carbon (7440-44-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-02
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-023-29553-y
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Article: Comparison between the values of intra-ocular pressure measured by Goldmann applanation tonometer and Air-Puff non-contact tonometer and their relationship with central corneal thickness.

Javed, Anum / Arshad, Muhammad Owais / Nasir, Javeria / Chatni, Muhammad Hanif / Ayub, Bushra

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

2022 Volume 72, Issue 1, Page(s) 149–151

Abstract: Glaucoma is a sight threatening disorder in which measuring intra-ocular pressure (IOP) with accuracy plays a fundamental role. This study aimed to compare the IOP values air-puff of non-contact tonometer(APT) and Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) ... ...

Abstract	Glaucoma is a sight threatening disorder in which measuring intra-ocular pressure (IOP) with accuracy plays a fundamental role. This study aimed to compare the IOP values air-puff of non-contact tonometer(APT) and Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) along with their relationship to central corneal thickness (CCT), in various IOP groups. Three hundred and eleven patients were enrolled using convenience sampling in this cross-sectional, prospective study. IOP was measured with Keeler 3000 APT and GAT along with CCT using TOMEY EM-4000. Data was analysed using Bland-Altman, Spearman's and intra-class correlation analysis of APT, GAT and CCT on SPSS 24.0. The median IOP by APT and GAT was 14 mmHg (range:37) and 12 mmHg (range:16) whereas the median CCT was 534µ (range: 44), respectively. At low (<10 mmHg) and normal IOP (10-20 mmHg) both the instruments showed similar results but GAT was found to be more accurate (p£0.001) at higher IOP (21-30 mmHg). However, at moderate and higher groups of IOP, APT revealed overestimation of IOP compared to GAT. CCT also plays a significant role.
MeSH term(s)	Cross-Sectional Studies ; Glaucoma/diagnosis ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Prospective Studies ; Tonometry, Ocular
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-31
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603873-6
ISSN	0030-9982
ISSN	0030-9982
DOI	10.47391/JPMA.11-1978
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Article: Risk factors associated with disease recurrence in patients with T4 staged Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy.

Hassan, Nabeel Humayun / Ayub, Bushra / Qureshi, Talha Ahmed / Shaikh, Shafqat Ali / Kazi, Maliha / Usman, Rahila / Haroon, Umer Saeed

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

2023 Volume 72, Issue 12, Page(s) 2399–2403

Abstract: Objective: To determine the association of clinical and pathological parameters on recurrence of treated stage T4squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity patients managed with surgery followed by concomitant chemo and radiation therapy.: Methods: The ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To determine the association of clinical and pathological parameters on recurrence of treated stage T4squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity patients managed with surgery followed by concomitant chemo and radiation therapy. Methods: The retrospective, cohort study was conducted at Patel Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data of patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma and admitted between January 1, 2014, and January 30, 2019. Patients of either gender aged 20-80 years who had a minimum follow-up of one year were included. Data was collected using the Head and Neck Cancer registry form and the medical record files. The subjects were also contacted by telephone when needed. The study end-points were disease-free survival and overall survival. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Results: Out of the 83 patients, 65(78%) were male. The overall median(range) age was 46(20-80) years, and 43(52%) of them were aged 31-50 years. Overall, 15(18%) patients had positive margins and 48(58%) had proven cervical node metastasis on histopathology. Overall survival was 42.2% with the median(range) follow-up time was 14(9-21) months and 5-year disease-free survival was 45.8% with the median (range) follow-up time was 13(7-19). The factor that affected the final outcome was found to be the increasing nodal ratio (p=0.043). Conclusion: Among T4 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with surgery and adjuvant therapy, the rate of disease recurrence was found to be high. Tumours with a high cervical nodal disease burden and/or margin involved were at substantially higher risk of recurrence.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/therapy ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/pathology ; Mouth Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Mouth Neoplasms/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Neoplasm Staging ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Risk Factors ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/epidemiology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-25
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603873-6
ISSN	0030-9982
ISSN	0030-9982
DOI	10.47391/JPMA.3374
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